Race & Ethnicity Ch: 7
Which of the following best explains the current distribution of the American Indian population?
A majority live in urban areas or near reservations, not on reservations.
What are the primary differences between the American Indian Movement (AIM) and the National Indian Youth Council (NIYC)?
AIM is confrontational, while NIYC works within the system.
The U.S. government's forced removal of 13,000 Cherokee from their lands in Georgia to Oklahoma, resulting in the deaths of over 4,000 people, is known as __________.
The Trail of Tears
In the late 1960s, the term "Red Power" emerged from the activism of American Indian groups. Which of the following best explains the goals of "Red Power"?
"Red Power" advocates wanted to achieve civil rights to address inequalities and seek self-determination.
Which of these statements best demonstrates the American Indian approach to understanding knowledge?
All of the world is interconnected in a great circle.
Federal policies about American Indian education included which controversial educational practice, according to the text?
American Indian children were forced by authorities to attend boarding schools that restricted them from engaging in any aspect of their birth culture.
Why are American Indians more likely to be the targets and victims of violent crime than any other racial group according to the interactionist view?
American Indians experience high levels of prejudice rooted in a history of dehumanization.
About 83 percent of American Indian children graduate high school and about 19 percent complete college. How does this compare to other groups?
American Indians lag behind other groups.
The introduction of American Indian foods, medicines, and languages into white culture was most likely the result of what factor?
American Indians were in North America before the first Europeans arrived.
Why did early tribal leaders seek to cooperate with whites through marriage alliances and the establishment of family relationships?
Americans Indians used kin relationships to organize social systems.
Which theory helps us best understand the persistence of inequality between whites and Native Americans by analyzing the role of water in the western United States?
Conflict theory
Which of the following best describes the parenting methods most commonly practiced by American Indian groups?
Children are raised within a cooperative environment with care shared among extended family and tribal members.
Which of these best explains the common stereotype of American Indians as aloof?
Cultural practices that teach children to avoid acting in a way that is improper or shameful
What were the outcomes of the series of legislative acts passed between 1953 and 1954 that ended all federal services to tribal organizations?
Dramatic declines in the standard of living on reservations due to economic and infrastructure loss
What role did religion play in the treatment of American Indians by English colonists?
English colonists believed they had a God-given right to occupy and control land.
Laws that fail to protect American Indian lands through exemptions that protect other areas (such as laws that allow the placement of toxic and radioactive waste sites on tribal lands) are examples of __________.
Environmental racism
How did Christopher Columbus view the Tainos, the first American Indian tribe he came into contact with?
He thought they would make good servants.
Why do American Indians continue to experience poor health outcomes in comparison to other Americans?
High rates of poverty and discrimination in the delivery of health care
What impact has the practice of legalized gaming on reservation lands had on the employment of American Indians?
It has had a positive impact on a small number of tribes, but has not helped the majority of people.
According to some historians, where did the practice of scalping likely come from?
It was created by white settlers as a means to collect a bounty for the killing of American Indians.
Which of these statements demonstrates the role of women in American Indian societies?
Most tribes had a cooperative but not egalitarian arrangement.
Which of the following is considered one of the most visible signs of American Indians' economic deprivation?
Poor housing
Which of these best explains why American Indians faced increasing hostility from white settlers during the colonial era?
Population growth among whites resulted in a desire for American Indian land.
Which of the following best demonstrates the functionalist approach to understanding the position of American Indians in the contemporary era?
Support for reservations in order to maintain existing social institutions
Early American Indian approaches to land use are most similar to which of the following?
Sweden, which limits the rights of landowners
Makya is an American Indian man who was raised in an urban community and learned little of his heritage as a child. As an adult, he has made an effort to embrace traditional cultural beliefs and practices. Which form of acculturation best describes Makya?
Pan-traditional
Which of the following is the best description of the policy approaches of the Roosevelt administration in the 1930s and Eisenhower's policies in the 1950s?
Roosevelt sought to encourage cultural pluralism and Eisenhower to force assimilation.
Which of the following is an example of attempts by the federal government to force assimilation upon American Indians?
The outlawing of indigenous religions in 1890
Which of the following is an example of the persistence of contemporary racism against American Indians, according to many activists?
The use of the racial slur "redskins" by a professional football organization
What impact do many historians believe the Iroquois have on the early United States?
Their governmental system helped shape the formation of the U.S. Constitution.
Which of the following best explains why the Sioux of South Dakota, Montana, and Nebraska have refused financial compensation for the seizure of land in the Black Hills?
They consider the land to be sacred and want it back rather than accepting money for it.
The difference of opinion between Bartolomé de las Casas and Juan Ginés de Sepulveda demonstrates which of the following views of American Indians?
They demonstrate the dichotomy of the Noble Savage or the bloodthirsty barbarian.
Which of these is the most significant issue linked to the growing antagonism between whites and American Indians during the colonial era?
They were in conflict over whether the land would be developed further or allowed to remain in its natural state.
Which of these best explains the motivations of protesters against the Dakota Access Pipeline among the Standing Rock Sioux?
They were trying to protect sacred tribal lands as well as their drinking water supply.
In 1968, the Navajo nation established the first tribal college. How do such colleges differ from other institutions of higher education?
They work to affirm the cultural identity of American Indian students.
What were the primary goals of the government policies toward American Indians during the nineteenth century?
To advance white people's land interests and force American Indians to assimilate
Relocation programs in the 1950s focused on providing individuals and families with the means to relocate to urban areas. What was the motivation for this policy?
To encourage American Indians to become more assimilated
What is the purpose of Pan-Indianism?
To establish American Indian ethnic identity instead of only tribal identity
Which of the following is the best example of the use of reservation lands for the extraction of natural resources by federal or corporate entities without adequate protections or tribal oversight?
Uranium mining on Navajo lands
In what region of the United States are tribal water rights the most valuable to all communities, setting off serious disputes about water?
West
According to the functionalist perspective, what group would be harmed by improving the functionality of American Indian societies that were damaged by forced segregation?
Whites who economically dominate regions near reservations