rad review PT care 4.1-4.3 & 4.6
Indirect modes of disease transmission include 1. airborne 2. fomite 3. vector
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following is an inappropriate manner of speaking to a patient? A "Are you warm enough?" B "Do you have any questions about this examination?" C "I have several other patients, so please change quickly." D "Can I help you out of the chair?"
C "I have several other patients, so please change quickly."
Extravasation occurs when
contrast medium is injected into surrounding tissue
Which of the following legal phrases defines a circumstance in which both the health care provider's and the patient's actions contributed to an injurious outcome?
contributory negligence
An emetic is used to
induce vomiting
Which ethical principle is related to sincerity and truthfulness?
veracity
Diseases that require contact precautions include 1. MRSA 2. Clostridium difficile (C-diff) 3. TB
1 and 2
The risk of inoculation with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered high for the following entry sites: 1. Broken skin 2. Shared needles 3. Conjunctiva
1 and 2
Before bringing a patient in the radiographic room, the radiographer should 1. clean the x-ray table and change the pillowcase. 2. assemble the accessories needed for the examination. 3. warm the x-ray tube anode.
1 and 2 only
Examples of means by which infectious microorganisms can be transmitted via indirect contact include 1. a fomite. 2. a vector. 3. nasal or oral secretions.
1 and 2 only
Forms of intentional misconduct include 1. slander. 2. invasion of privacy. 3. negligence.
1 and 2 only
Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs includes which of the following? 1. Self-esteem 2. Love and belongingness 3. Death with dignity
1 and 2 only
Patients' rights include which of the following? 1. The right to refuse treatment 2. The right to confidentiality 3. The right to possess his or her radiographs
1 and 2 only
The risk of inoculation with HIV is considered high for which of the following entry sites? 1. Broken skin 2. Perinatal exposure 3. Accidental needle stick
1 and 2 only
Which of the following can be transmitted via infected blood? 1. HBV 2.AIDS 3. TB
1 and 2 only
Drugs that may be used to prolong blood clotting time 1. include 2. heparin 3. diphenhydramine (Benadryl) lidocaine
1 only
Body substances and fluids that are considered infectious or potentially infectious include 1. sputum 2. synovial fluid 3. cerebrospinal fluid
1, 2, and 3
Hospitals and other health care providers must ensure patient confidentiality in compliance with which of the following legislation?
HIPPA
The legal doctrine respondeat superior means which of the following?
Let the master answer.
The infection streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat") is caused by a
bacterium
If a radiographer performed a lumbar spine examination on a patient who was supposed to have an elbow examination, which of the following charges may be brought against the radiographer?
battery
Unlawful touching of a person without his or her consent is termed
battery
Techniques that function to reduce the spread of microbes are termed
medical asepsis
An iatrogenic infection is one caused by
physician intervention
Each of the following is an example of a fomite except A. doorknob B. tick C. spoon D. x-ray table
tick
Types of inflammatory bowel disease include 1. ulcerative colitis. 2. Crohn's disease. 3. intussusception.
1 and 2 only
When caring for the elderly, it is important to remember that, as one ages, there is often a decrease in: 1. reaction time 2. strength 3. long-term memory
1 and 2 only
Which of the following involve(s) intentional misconduct? 1. Invasion of privacy 2. False imprisonment 3. Patient sustaining injury from a fall while left unattended
1 and 2 only
Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding a two-member team performing mobile radiography on a patient with MRSA precautions? 1. One radiographer remains "clean"—that is, he or she has no physical contact with the patient. 2. The radiographer who positions the mobile unit also makes the exposure. 3. The radiographer who positions the cassette also retrieves the cassette and removes it from its plastic protective cover.
1 and 2 only
Guidelines for cleaning contaminated objects or surfaces include which of the following? 1. Clean from the least contaminated to the most contaminated areas. 2. Clean in a circular motion, starting from the center and working outward. 3. Clean from the top down.
1 and 3
When radiographing young children, it is helpful to 1. let them bring a toy. 2. tell them it will not hurt. 3. be cheerful and unhurried.
1 and 3 only
Which of the following imaging procedures do not require the use of ionizing radiation to produce an image? 1. Ultrasound 2. Computed axial tomography 3. MRI
1 and 3 only
The radiographer must perform which of the following procedures prior to entering a contact isolation room with a mobile x-ray unit? 1. Put on gown and gloves only. 2. Put on gown, gloves, mask, and cap. 3. Clean the mobile x-ray unit.
1 only
1he legal document or individual authorized to make an individual's health care decisions, should the individual be unable to make them for himself or herself, is the 1. advance health care directive. 2. living will. 3. health care proxy.
1, 2 and 3
the cycle of infection includes which of the following components? 1. Reservoir of infection 2. Susceptible host 3. Means of transmission
1, 2 and 3
A radiologic technologist can be found guilty of a tort in which of the following situations? 1. Failure to shield a patient of childbearing age from unnecessary radiation 2. Performing an examination on a patient who has refused the examination 3. Discussing a patient's condition with a third party
1, 2, and 3
All drug packages must provide certain information required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Some of the information that must be provided includes 1. the generic name. 2. contraindications. 3. the usual dose.
1, 2, and 3
Diseases whose mode of transmission is through the air include 1. TB. 2. mumps. 3. rubella.
1, 2, and 3
For which of the following can a radiographer be found liable for a negligent tort? 1. Radiographer images the wrong forearm. 2. Patient is injured while being positioned on the x-ray table. 3. Radiographer fails to question patient about possible pregnancy before performing x-ray examination.
1, 2, and 3
Radiographers should wear gloves when they might come in contact with 1. wounds. 2. mucous membrane. 3. body fluids containing blood.
1, 2, and 3
Symptoms of impending diabetic coma include 1. increased urination. 2. sweet-smelling breath. 3. extreme thirst.
1, 2, and 3
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus may be transmitted 1. by sharing contaminated needles. 2. from mother to child during birth. 3. by intimate contact with body fluids.
1, 2, and 3
The cycle of infection includes which of the following components? 1. Reservoir of infection 2. Pathogenic organism 3. Means of transmission
1, 2, and 3
The following instructions should be given to a patient following a barium sulfate contrast examination: 1. Increase fluid and fiber intake for several days. 2. Changes in stool color will occur until all barium has been evacuated. 3. Contact a physician if no bowel movement occurs in 24 hours.
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following must be included in the patient's medical record or chart? 1. Diagnostic and therapeutic orders 2. Medical history 3. Informed consent
1, 2, and 3
Exposure factors of 100 kVp and 6 mAs are used with a 6:1 grid for a particular exposure. What should be the new milliampere-seconds value if a 12:1 grid is substituted?
10 mAs
When caring for a patient with an IV line, the radiographer should keep the medication
18 to 20 inches above the level of the vein.
Chemical substances that are used to kill pathogenic bacteria are called 1. antiseptics. 2. germicides. 3. disinfectants.
2 and 3
Federal regulations regarding infection control in the workplace, as amended by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), make which of the following requirements? 1. Hepatitis B immunizations must be made available to all hospital employees. 2. Puncture-proof containers must be provided for all used needles. 3. Follow-up care must be provided to any staff accidentally exposed to blood splash/needle stick.
2 and 3
In which of the following situations should a radiographer wear protective eye gear (goggles)? 1. When performing an upper GI radiographic examination 2. When assisting the radiologist during an angiogram 3. When assisting the radiologist in a biopsy/aspiration procedure
2 and 3
Facsimile transmission of health information is 1. not permitted. 2. permitted for urgently needed 3. patient care. permitted for third-party payer hospitaliza-tion certification.
2 and 3 only
Honor Code violations that can prevent a radiography student from meeting ARRT certification requirements include 1. failing one or more courses in the radiography program 2. being suspended from the radiography program 3. being dismissed/expelled from a radiography program
2 and 3 only
The ARRT Rules of Ethics are 1. aspirational. 2. mandatory. 3. minimally acceptable standards.
2 and 3 only
Which of the following patient rights is violated by discussing privileged patient information with an individual who is not involved with the patient's care? 1. The right to considerate and respectful care 2. The right to privacy 3. The right to continuity of care
2 only
In what order should the following examinations be scheduled? 1. Upper GI 2. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) 3. Barium enema (BE)
2, 3, and 1
A patient with an upper respiratory tract infection is transported to the radiology department for a chest examination. Who should be masked? 1. Technologist 2. Transporter 3. Patient
3 only
Which of the following is the preferred scheduling sequence?
Abdomen ultrasound, lower GI series, upper GI series
Where is the "sterile corridor" located
Between the draped patient and the instrument table
You are working in the outpatient department and receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the right hip joint; however, the requisition asks for a left femur examination. What should you do?
Check with the referring physician.
You receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the area of the left fourth and fifth metatarsals; however, the requisition asks for a left ankle examination. What should you do?
Check with the referring physician.
Which of the following effects does an antibiotic have on the body?
Combats bacterial growth
In her studies on death and dying, Dr. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross described the first stage of the grieving process as
Denial
Contaminated needles are disposed of in special containers in which of the following ways?
Do not recap needle, dispose of entire syringe.
when disposing of contaminated needles, they are placed in a special container using what procedure?
Do not recap the needle and dispose of the entire syringe.
Joseph Luckett Jr, is a competent second-year student. He has been imaging patients under indirect supervision for most of the day. All CR images are viewed at the workstation on the computer monitor, before being sent to the radiologist. After taking posteroanterior (PA) and lateral chest projections on a patient with a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) test, Joseph notices that he has "clipped" the apices on the PA projection. As per the policy of the department and program, he must consult with a technologist before repeating any images. The technologist takes a quick glance at his image and says, "It looks fine. Send it." "But what about the apices?" Joseph asks. He knows that imaging the apices is extremely important in suspected cases of TB. The technologist does not take a second look. "That's okay. It's just a routine. Send it." What is the most appropriate immediate action for Joseph to take?
Explain the clinical history to the technologist and stress that he is uncomfortable sending a suboptimal study.
What venous device can be used for a patient requiring IV injections at frequent or regular intervals?
Heparin lock
What is the appropriate action if a patient has signed consent for a procedure but, once on the radiographic table, refuses the procedure?
Immediately stop the procedure and inform the radiologist and the referring physician of the patient's request.
Which of the following medications commonly found on emergency carts functions to raise blood pressure?
Norepinephrine
Lyme disease is caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks. The tick bite may cause fever, fatigue, and other associated symptoms. This is an example of transmission of an infection by
a vector.
A small container holding several doses of medication is termed
a vial
The term dysplasia refers to
abnormal development of tissue.
What type of precautions prevent the spread of infectious agents in droplet form?
airborne precaution
Body substances and fluids that are considered infectious or potentially infectious include 1. feces. 2. breast milk. 3. wound drainage.
all 3
A quantity of medication introduced intravenously over a period of time is termed
an infusion
A MRI procedure is contraindicated for a patient who has A a herniated disk. B aneurysm clips. C dental fillings. D subdural bleeding.
aneurysm clips
The practice that is used to retard the growth of pathogenic bacteria is termed
antisepsis.
A radiographer who tells the patient that he or she will have to repeat this uncomfortable examination if the patient does not try harder to cooperate can be accused of
assault
All the following rules regarding proper hand washing technique are correct except A keep hands and forearms lower than elbows. B use paper towels to turn water on. C avoid using hand lotions whenever possible. D carefully wash all surfaces and between fingers.
avoid using hand lotions whenever possible.
As health care professionals aspire to design their actions to always benefit their patients, to only bring about good for their patients, they are aspiring to what moral principle?
beneficence
An RT (ARRT) is the supervising manager of a short-staffed imaging facility in a State having legislation that requires professional certification. An job applicant arrives whose ARRT certification has lapsed. The manager hires him to fill a 20-hour position doing chest and extremity radiography. The supervisor is guilty of
breaking the ARRT Rules of Ethics.
All the following are part of the Patient's Bill of Rights except 1 A the right to participate in proposed research studies. B. the right to continuity of care. C. the right to considerate and respectful care. D. the right to review any institutional records.
d. the right to review and institutional records
Of the four stages of infection, which is the stage during which the infection is most communicable?
disease phase
Hypochlorite bleach (Clorox) and Lysol are examples of
disinfectants
Ipecac is a medication used to induce vomiting and is classified as a(n)
emetic
A drug's chemical name is called its
generic name
Radiographs are the property of the
health-care instution
An illness of unknown or obscure cause is said to be
idopathic
A diuretic is used to
increase urine output
In which stage of infection do the infective microbes begin to multiply?
incubation period
A nosocomial infection is a(n)
infection acquired in a hospital.
Sterile technique is required when contrast agents are administered
intrathecally
A radiographer who discloses confidential information to unauthorized individuals may be found guilty of
invasion of privacy
A radiographer who discloses confidential patient information to unauthorized individuals can be found guilty of
invasion of privacy
To "excuse" suboptimal images, a radiographer makes a note on the exam requisition claiming that the patient "was uncooperative." That radiographer can legally be found guilty of
libel
The moral principle that describes the radiographer's aspiration to do no harm or to allow no act that might cause harm to the patient is termed
nonmaleficence
the ethical principle that aspires never to, above all, do harm describes
nonmaleficence
According to the CDC, all the following precaution guidelines are true except A airborne precautions require that the patient wear a mask. B masks are indicated when caring for patients on MRSA precautions. C patients under MRSA precautions require a negative-pressure room. D gloves are indicated when caring for a patient on droplet precautions.
patients under MRSA precautions require a negative-pressure room.
Which of the following is a violation of correct sterile technique? A Gowns are considered sterile in the front down to the waist, including the arms. B Sterile gloves must be kept above the waist level. C Persons in sterile dress should pass each other face to face. D A sterile field should not be left unattended.
persons in sterile dress should pass each other face to face
The medical abbreviation meaning "every hour" is
qh
A radiographer has recently joined your staff. You are aware that this individual has had her ARRT certification revoked. Realizing that your state requires certification, you speak to a supervisor about the matter. Your supervisor replies that he knows but made an exception "because we are so short staffed." You should
report this directly to the ARRT.
The type of isolation practiced to prevent the spread of infectious agents in aerosol form is
respiratory isolation
All the following are part of the patient's bill of rights except
right to order an x-ray procedure
Verbal disclosure of confidential information that is detrimental to the patient is referred to as
slander
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that health care workers protect themselves and their patients from blood and body fluid contamination by using
standard precautions
An autoclave is used for
steam sterilization
The complete killing of all microorganisms is termed
sterilization
When a radiographer is obtaining a patient history, both subjective and objective data should be obtained. An example of subjective data is that
the patient states that she experiences extreme pain in the upright position.
For medicolegal reasons, radiographic images are required to include all the following information except
the patient's birth date.
The medical abbreviation meaning "three times a day" is
tid
Hemovac or Penrose drains are used for
tissue drainage of wounds or postoperative drainage.
A signed consent form is necessary prior to performing all the following procedures except
upper GI series.
The most frequent site of hospital-acquired infection is the
urinary tract
An animal host of an infectious organism that transmits the infection via a bite or sting is a
vector
