Radiographic Image Equipment (Unit Test 2)

b. Increase in heat of the filament

71.Which of the following functions to increase the mA? a. Increase in charge of anode b. Increase in heat of the filament c. Increase in kVp d. Increase in focal spot size

b. 1 and 2 only

A backup timer for the AEC serves to 1. Protect the patient from overexposure 2. Protect the x-ray tube from excessive heat 3. Increase or decrease master density a. 1 only b. 1 and 2 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

a. one ampere

A circuit which has 6.3 x 10 electrons flowing per second is said to have a current of: a. one ampere b. one ohm c. one volt d. one watt

a. True

A complete circuit may be defined as a closed path through which electrons flow. a. True b. False

a. Battery

A major source of electrical current which is produced by a chemical process is a: a. Battery b. Generator c. Transformer d. Capacitor

a. Conductor

A material that freely allows the flow of electrons is known as what? a. Conductor b. Insulator c. Capacitor d. Semi-conductor

a. Circuit breaker

A resetable electromagnetic device, which is included in many electrical circuits to prevent damage from current surges, is termed a: a. Circuit breaker b. Line compensator c. Saturable reactor d. Safety relay switch

c. Filament Portion of the primary circuit

A step-down (Coolidge) transformer is most likely to be found in the: a. Primary circuit b. Secondary circuit c. Filament Portion of the primary circuit d. None of the above

a. 1.1 volts

A transformer has 10,000 primary and 100 secondary turns of wire. What is the secondary voltage if 110 volts are placed on the primary coil (assuming no power losses occur)? a. 1.1 volts b. 11 volts c. 110 volts d. 1,100 volts e. 11,000 volts

e. 44,000 volts x/440 = 10,000/100 4,400,000/100x x = 44,000

A transformer has 100 primary and 10,000 secondary turns of wire. What is the secondary voltage if 440 volts are placed on the primary coil (assuming no power losses occur)? a. 4.4 volts b. 44 volts c. 440 volts d. 4,400 volts e. 44,000 volts

b. 10 amps

A transformer has 66 primary and 660 secondary turns of wire. What is the secondary current (amperage) if 100 amps are placed on the primary coil (assuming no power losses occur)? a. 1 amp b. 10 amps c. 100 amps d. 1,000 amps e. 10,000 amps

d. 1,000 amps I(s)/I(p) = N(p)/N(s) x/100 = 660/66 66,000 = 6x x=1,000

A transformer has 660 primary and 66 secondary turns of wire. What is the secondary current (amperage) if 100 amps are placed on the primary coil (assuming no power losses occur)? a. 1.0 amp b. 10 amps c. 100 amps d. 1,000 amps e. 10,000 amps

b. Mutual induction

A transformer operates by the principle of: a. Static induction b. Mutual induction c. Secondary induction d. Electrodynamics Induction

a. Step-up transformer

A transformer that has more turns in the secondary than the primary coil is called a : a. Step-up transformer b. Solenoid c. Step-down transformer d. Filament transformer

b. Autotransformer

A variable transformer that is used to select kVp for the x-ray circuit is the: a. Step-up transformer b. Autotransformer c. Step-down transformer d. Rectifier

b. Attract each other

According to the first law of electrostatics, two objects with the opposite charges will tend to: a. Repel each other b. Attract each other c. Both of the above d. Neither of the above

c. mA meter

All of the following x-ray circuit devices are located between the incoming power supply and the primary coil of the high-voltage transformer except the: a. Timer b. kV meter c. mA meter d. Autotransformer

d. An alternating current flowing in a wire

An alternately expanding and contracting magnetic field is produced by: a. A stationary magnet b. A steady current flowing in a wire c. A battery d. An alternating current flowing in a wire

c. 1 and 2 only

An automatic exposure control device can operate on which of the following principles? 1. A photomultiplier tube charged by a fluorescent screen 2. A parallel-plate ionization chamber charged by x-ray photons 3. Motion of magnetic fields inducing current in a conductor a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 only d. 2 and 3 only e. 1, 2, and 3

a. Ground

An electrical charge can be neutralized if it is conducted to what? a. Ground b. A metal pipe c. A magnet d. A battery

d. Electromagnet

An electromagnetic device consisting of a single iron core surronded by a wire carrying current is termed a(an): a. Voltaic pile b. Electroscope c. Ammeter d. Electromagnet

c. Electrical/radiant

An x-ray generator converts _____energy into ______energy. a. Electrical/chemical b. Electrical/mechanical c. Electrical/radiant d. Chemical/electrical e. Mechanical/electrical

b. 1 and 3 only

Any materials which tend to oppose the flow of electrons are termed: 1. Non-conductors 2. Conductors 3. Insulators a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3 only

Circuit devices that will conduct electrons in only one direction are: 1. Resistors 2. Valve tubes 3. Solid-state diodes a. 1 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

b. DC(direct current)AC(alternating current)

Current that flows in one direction only is called _______. While current that changes direction periodically is called_____. a. AC (alternating current)/DC (direct current) b. DC(direct current)AC(alternating current) c. AC(alternating current)/UC(unidirectional current) d. BC(bidirectional current)/DC (direct current)

d. 1, 2, and 3

Dedicated radiographic units are available for: 1. Mobile radiography 2. Trauma radiography 3. Urologic radiography a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 only d. 1, 2, and 3

c. Volts

EMF is measured in units of: a. Amperes b. Ohms c. Volts d. Watts

a. Alternating (AC) current

Electric current in which electrons flow first in one direction and then in the other (oscillate back and forth) is called: a. Alternating (AC) current b. Direct (DC) current c. 3-D eddy current d. 3-phase current

c. 2 and 3 only

Electrification may occur from which of the following processes? 1. Spontaneity 2. Contact 3. Friction a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

d. When it is placed in the magnetic field of another conductor

Electromagnetic induction is the process of causing an electric current to flow in a conductor: a. When it is placed in contact with another conductor b. When it is placed in contact with an insulator c. When it is placed in contact with a superconductor d. When it is placed in the magnetic field of another conductor

b. 300 volts

If 220 volts are impressed on the primary side of an autotransformer that consists of 110 total turns, what is the secondary voltage if the 150th tapped turn is selected? a. 440 volts b. 300 volts c. 220 volts d. 110 volts e. 50 volts

b. 220 volts V(s)/V(p) = N(tapped)/N(total) x/440 = 110/220 48,400/220x x=220

If 440 volts are impressed on the primary side of an autotransformer that consists of 220 total turns, what is the secondary voltage if the 110th tapped turn is selected? a. 440 volts b. 220 volts c. 110 volts d. 55 volts

a. Positive / negative

In a metallic conductor, the ________ charges are bound in the atomic structure of the material, while the ________ charges are free to move about. a. Positive / negative b. Positive / positive c. Negative / positive d. Negative / negative

d. Electrons

In a solid conductor, current consists of a flow of moving: a. Photons b. Neutrons c. Protons d. Electrons

b. lower

In a step-up transformer, the current in the secondary side is_____ than the current in the primary side. a. Higher b. lower

a. Line compensator

In most modern x-ray circuits,to overcome inconsistent voltage supplies which can vary by up to 5%, a _____is incorporated to produce consistent voltage input to the machine a. Line compensator b. Ballistic compensator c. Wavetail compensator d. Phase compensator

b. Filament circuit

In which of the following portions of the x-ray circuit is a step-down transformer located? a. High-voltage side b. Filament circuit c. Rectification system d. Secondary side

b. False

Mutual induction occurs when two coils are connected in series, causing current to flow in the secondary coil. a. True b. False

e. Titanium

Of the following, which will create the least electrical resistance? a. Lead b. Copper c. Aluminum d. Tungsten e. Titanium

2. Exposure Switch 3. Autotransformer 4. Timer Circuit 5. High Voltage step-up transformer 6. Four diode rectification circuit 7. Filament circuit variable resistance 8. Filament step-down transformer 9. X-ray Tube

Referring to the diagram of the basic x-ray circuit, label the following numbered components: 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

3. Pre-reading kVp meter 9. Step-down transformer 1. Main Switch 7. Solid State diode (rectifiers) 6. mAs meter 2 Autotransformer 4. Line voltage compensator 8. mA selector switch

Referring to the diagram of the basic x-ray circuit, label the following numbered components: 3. 9. 1. 7. 6. 2. 4. 8.

b. Autotransformer

Self-induction is used in the operation of what device? a. Step-up transformer b. Autotransformer c. Step-down transformer d. Electronic timer

a. Generator

The _____ is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy a. Generator b. Electric motor c. Transformer d. Electromagnetic

b. Electric motor

The _____ is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy a. Dry cell battery b. Electric motor c. Generator or Dynamo d. X-ray generator

a. Volt

The amount of electrical potential, or potential difference in an electrical circuit, is measurable by a unit called the: a. Volt b. Amp c. Ohm d. Farad

e. 1,2, and 3

The diagnostic x-ray range is approximately: 1. 100 to 1,200 mA 2. 0.001 to 10 seconds 3. 25 to 150 kVp a. 1 only b. 1 and 2 only c. 1 and 3 only d. 3 only e. 1,2, and 3

d. Variable resistor

The electrical device used to adjust the mA selection is the: a. Autotransformer b. Stator c. Switch d. Variable resistor

c. 60 Hz AC

The electricity provided to the radiology department is: a. 110 Hz or 220 Hz AC b. 110 Hz or 220 Hz DC c. 60 Hz AC d. 60 Hz DC

a. 120 pulses per second

The electricity provided to the radiology department operates at: a. 120 pulses per second b. 60 pulses per second c. 110 pulses per second d. 220 pulses per second

c. Terminate the x-ray exposure once the image receptor is correctly exposed

The essential function of the photomultiplier (PM Tube) or photodiode type detector is to: a. Provide a brighter fluoroscopic image b. Automatically restrict the field size c. Terminate the x-ray exposure once the image receptor is correctly exposed d. Automatically increase or decrease incoming line voltage

a. True

The force that pushes electrons through a circuit is called the electromotive force or EMF for short. a. True b. False

d. Potential difference

The force within an electrical circuit most responsible for the movement of current is termed the: a. Resistance b. Wattage c. Amperage d. Potential difference

d. Potential difference

The force within an electrical circuit most responsible for the movement of current is termed the: a. Resistance b. Wattage c. Amperage d. Potential difference

d. 4-6 amps

The high temperatures that are needed to produce thermionic emission in the filament of x-ray tube require a current of about a. 1-2 milliamps b. 3-6 milliamps c. 5-1 amps d. 4-6 amps

d. Ohm's law

The law which relates to the relative amperage, voltage and rsistance in a direct current circuit is: a. Coulomb's law b. Joule's law c. Boyle's law d. Ohm's law

a. 1 and 2 only

The most commonly used types of AEC devices are the: 1. Ion chamber 2. Photomultiplier tube 3. Cathode ray tube a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

a. Filament circuit

The part of the x-ray generator that supplies the current and voltage to the cathode of the x-ray tube is called the: a. Filament circuit b. Main x-ray circuit c. High voltage circuit d. Thyromagnetic circuit

a. Conservation of energy

The power (current time voltage) in the primary side of a transformer equals the power in the secondary side. This illustrates the principle of: a. Conservation of energy b. Transformation of energy c. Magnetic induction d. Electomagnetic induction

c. Watt

The power of a circuit is equal to the product of current and voltage ans is measured by the unit: a. Joule b. Erg c. Watt d. Newton

b. Secondary side of the autotransformer

The prereading kV meter is incorporated into the x-ray control panel to measure the potential difference on the: a. Primary side of the autotransformer b. Secondary side of the autotransformer c. Secondary side of the high tension transformer d. Filament side of the x-ray tube

b. Rheostat

The purpose of the _____ in the filament circuit is to allow the operator to vary the current in the circuit. a. Capacitor b. Rheostat c. Autotransformer d. Step-down transformer

c. Electrodynamics

The study of electricity, or charges in motion, is called: a. Electrostatics b. Thermodynamics c. Electrodynamics d. Radiodynamics

c. Step-up transformer

The transformer used to boost voltage to kilovoltage levels is called a(an): a. Autotransformer b. Step-down transformer c. Step-up transformer d. Low-voltage compensator

a. Electrons and protons

The two types of electrical charges derived from their corresponding charged subatomic particles are called: a. Electrons and protons b. Photons and neutrons c. Quarks and Lepton d. Nucleons and quantum

b. Self-induction and mutual induction

The two types of electromagnetic induction are: a. Autoinduction and mutual induction b. Self-induction and mutual induction c. Generated induction and voltage induction d. Current induction and voltage induction

b. Direct current

The type of electricity associated with the flow of current in a single direct is termed: a. Alternating current b. Direct current c. 3-phase current d. Repulsive current

d. Change the voltage and current into higher or lower values

Transformers are used in electrical circuits to: a. Change mechanical energy into electrical energy b. Change electrical energy into mechanical energy c. Change chemical energy into electrical energy d. Change the voltage and current into higher or lower values

e. A, B, and C

Tube support systems available for use in modern diagnostic imaging equipment include: a. Overhead ceiling support versions b. Floor-to-ceiling support versions c. C-arm support versions d. B and C only e. A, B, and C

d. Line voltage compensator

Voltage coming to the x-ray machine is kept constant through the use of a(an): a. Autotransformer b. Step-down transformer c. Rectifier d. Line voltage compensator

c. Ferromagnetic

What are materials called that are strongly attracted to a magnet? a. Diamagnetic b. Paramagnetic c. Ferromagnetic d. Steromagnetic

b. Rectifier

What changes AC to DC? a. Step-down transformer b. Rectifier c. Cathode d. Timer

d. Step-up transformer

What device increases voltage approximately 500 times? a. Anode b. mA meter c. Ionization chamber d. Step-up transformer

d. Timer

What device is electronic, with increments as low as 0.001 s? a. Step-down transformer b. Rectifier c. Cathode d. Timer

b. Rectifier

What is composed of solid-state, silicon-based diodes? a. Step-down transformer b. Rectifier c. Cathode d. Timer

b. Rectifier

What is located in the x-ray circuit between the high-voltage transformer and the x-ray tube? a. Step-up transformer b. Rectifier c. Anode d. Timer

d. P=IV

What is the formula for electrical power in watts? a. P=VR b. P=IR c. P=W/T d. P=IV

b. P=I2R

What is the formula for electrical power loss (consumed) as heat? a. P=VR b. P=I2R c. P= W/T d. P=VI

c. Coulomb

What is the fundamental unit of electric charge? a. Ampere b. Volt c. Coulomb d. Farad

c. Ionization chamber

What is the most commonly used AEC? a. Anode b. mA meter c. Ionization chamber d. Falling load generator

d. Ampere

What is the unit of electrical current? a. Watt b. Farad c. Volt d. Ampere

c. Ohms's Law

What law states that voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current multiplied by the resistance? a. Coulomb's Law b. Law of electrostatics c. Ohms's Law d. Newton's Law

b. mA meter

What measures tube current? a. Anode b. mA meter c. Ionization chamber d. Step-up transformer

d. Timer

What regulates the duration of x-ray production? a. Step-up transformer b. Rectifier c. Anode d. Timer

c. Magnetic field

What surrounds every charged particle in motion? a. Insulation b. Sound waves c. Magnetic field d. Electromagnetic radiation

c. induction

What type of motor drives the rotating anode? a. Synchronous b. Nuclear c. induction d. indirect current e. Direct current

b. Magnetic

When current flows in a wire, a(an) ________ field surrounds the wire. a. Electrostatic b. Magnetic c. Electromagnetic d. Nuclear force

b. Autotransformer

When the radiographer selects kilovoltage on the control panel, which device is adjusted? a. Step-up transformer b. Autotransformer c. Filament circuit d. Rectifier circuit

b. 1 and 3 only

Which of the following are most often classified as electrical conductors? 1. Copper 2. Rubber 3. Water a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

d. Tesla or Gauss

Which of the following are units used in the measure of magnetic flux density? a. Watt or Ohm b. Erg or Joule c. Newton or Compass d. Tesla or Gauss

a. Voltage

Which of the following causes electrons to move in a conductor? a. Voltage b. Amperage c. Wattage d. Charge

c. Rheostat

Which of the following devices is used to control voltage or current by varying resistance? a. Autotransformer b. High-voltage transformer c. Rheostat d. Fuse

d. Silicon loss

Which of the following does not refer to a type of transformer power loss? a. Copper (I2R) b. Hysteresis loss c. Eddy currents d. Silicon loss

d. 1,2,and 3

Which of the following is generally found on the operating console of a x-ray machine? 1. kV control switch 2. mA control switch 3. Timer control switch a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 3 only d. 1,2,and 3

e. Amperage

Which of the following is not related to the force applied to an electrical charge? a. Voltage b. Potential difference c. Electromotive force d. Electrical potential e. Amperage

b. 2 only

Which of the following statements concerning a parallel circuit is true? 1.Amperage remains constant throughout 2.Voltage remains constant throughout 3.Resistance is always constant a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 only d. 1 and 3 only e. 1,2,and 3

a. 1 only

Which of the following statements concerning a series circuit is true? 1. Amperage remains constant 2. Voltage remains constnat throughout 3. Resistance is always constant a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 3 only d. 2 and 3 only e. 1,2, and 3

b. Current

Which of the following terms describes the amount of electric charge flowing per second? a. Voltage b. Current c. Resistance d. Capacitance

b. Autotransformer

Which of the following voltage regulating devices is best described as a variable ratio transformer? a. Rheostat b. Autotransformer c. High tension transformer d. Filament transformer

a. Figure A

Which of the illustrations in Figure 5-2 depicts the ionization-chamber type of automatic exposure control (AEC)? a. Figure A b. Figure B c. Both are ionization-chamber-type AEC d. Neither is ionization-chamber-type AEC

d. Shell type

Which type of transformer core is most widely used in modern diagnostic radiographic equipment? a. Air core b. Open core c. Cloesed core d. Shell type