Radiology Chapter 22

in placing a pa radiograph, how many inches over the occlusal/incisal edge should the film packet be placed? -1/2 -5/8 -1/8 -1

1/8

panoramic radiographs give the dentist a view of: 1. fractures in bone 2. sinuses 3. the entire dentition 4. tmj 5. unerupted teeth

12345

occlusal radiographs may be taken to view which of the following ... 1. caries 2. supernumerary teeth 3. cysts 4. alveolar crest heights 5. impacted teeth

2,3,5

which of the following would appear on a bitewing radiograph? 1. apical area of a tooth 2. TMJ 3. alveolar crest (coronal portion of the tooth) 4. faulty restorations 5. caries

3,4,5

the ideal temp of developing solution is __ degrees. -65 -68 -72 -does not matter

68

the temp for automatic processing is around __ degrees. -70 -80 -90 -100

90 (82 degrees F - 95 degrees F)

Duplication of a radiograph requires -duplicating film -duplication machine -processing method -all of the above

all of the above

bitewings will detect which of the following? -caries -faulty restorations -calculus -all of the above

all of the above

which observations should be made of a child's mouth before placing film? -check for loose teeth -cold sores -cranker sores -all of the above

all of the above

movement by the pts head or the tubehead results in - fogged film - blurred film - overlap - double exposure

blurred film

dark film image is a result of - developing solution being too warm - overdeveloping - both a & b - neither a or b

both a & b

light film is a result of -underexposure -under-developing - both a & b -neither a or b

both a & b

which of the following are intervals of taking radiographs for routine dental exams? -6 months -12 months -both a & b -none of the above

both a & b

which of the following will the bitewing X-ray cover? -premolar area -molar area -incisor area -both a & b

both a & b

Extraoral cassettes are usually lined with -phosphors -intensifying screens -both a & b -neither a & b

both a & c. phosphors- emits w/ green light when struck by X-ray, they react fast, pt receives fewer X-rays during exposure. intensifying screens- a layer of fluorescent crystals found in cassettes used w/ extraoral films

The radiograph used to assess the patient's skeletal profile and structure is - periapical - bitewing - pano -cephalometric

cephalometric

a film not exposed to radiation results in -conecutting - overlapping - dark film -clear film

clear film

If the beam missed part of the film, the result is - conecutting - overlapping - dark film - clear film

conecutting

Milliamperage seconds determine the amount of radiation exposure the pt recieves. The difference between the shades of gray -density -contrast

contrast

the degrees of darkness on an X-ray which is also controlled by mAs, is the -density -contrast

density

streaks on film are a result of - insufficient rinsing - dirty rollers on a automatic processor - dirty processing racks - either b or c

either b or c

The technique error caused by not having enough angulation is - foreshortening -elongation -occlusal overlap -horizontal overlap

elongation

in regard to the size of crystals in the emulsion, the larger the crystal the .. -faster the film -slower the film -there is no difference -it depends on the temp of the developing solutions

faster the film ( larger crystals = fast film, smaller crystal = slower film)

The technique error caused by having too much angulation is -foreshortening -elongation -occlusal overlap -horizontal overlap

foreshortening

Placement of the film backward in the patients mouth results in - herringbone pattern - light film image - double exposure - fogged film

herringbone pattern

in the developing solution, which chemicals blackens the exposed sliver halide crystals? - sodium sulfate (prevents oxidation and increased the life span of the developing solution by 2-4 wks) -sodium carbonate (used as the alkaline medium in developer) -hydroquinone -potassium bromide (used to slow the developing practice to a practical speed and prevent fog)

hydroquinone- reducing agent or chemical that blackens silver halide crystals

When mounting films, the term used when placing the dot towards the operator is called.. -labial mounting -lingual mounting -bisecting -paralleling

labial mounting

the dental specialist who routinely use extraoral radiographs are -oral surgeons, orthodontist -orthodontist, periodontists -periodontist, oral surgeons -pediatrics dentist, periodontists

oral surgeons, orthodontist (pano/cephalometric)

incorrect horizontal angulation results in .. -conecutting -clear film -overlapping -dark film

overlapping

in the paralleling technique, the film packet must be: -perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth -parallel to the long axis of the tooth -45 degrees to the long axis of the tooth -none of the above

parallel to the long axis of the tooth

Which dental specialty would be the most likely to ask for a vertical bitewing? -oral surgeon -orthodontist -periodontist -pediatric dentist

periodontist

in the bisecting angle exposure technique, the central be must be .. - perpendicular to the bisecting line -parallel to the bisecting line -45 degrees to the bisecting line -none of the above

perpendicular to the bisecting

If an automatic processor has a daylight loader, it means the film can be -exposed in the daylight -processed in daylight -dried in the daylight -none of the above

processed in the daylight

the safelight is of a ___ spectrum. -blue-green -red-orange -both a or b -neither a or b

red-orange

brown stains is a result of insufficient rinsing - rinsing - developing - fixing - drying

rinsing

a general rule of thumb is to fix __ as the developing time. -the same length of time -one-half the length of time -twice as long -none of the above

twice as long

in which upright position should the pt be placed for a bitewing radiograph? -upright (initial position of the chair) -supine (lying horizontally with the face and torso facing up) -sub-spine (where the patient's head is actually lower than the feet) -it does not matter

upright

which of the following would a periapical radiograph show? 1. apical area of a tooth 2. tooth development stages 3. eruption stage

1,2,3