RDS

Hummel 17 What does RDS use for database and log storage? A. EBS B. S3 C. Instance store D. Local store E. SSD

A

Hummel 27 Your company is a provider of online gaming that customers access with various network access devices including mobile phones. What is a data warehousing solutions for large amounts of information on player behavior, statistics and events for analysis using SQL tools? A. redShift B. DynamoDB C. RDS D. Elasticsearch

A

Hummel 34 What is the maximum size of a dynamoDB record (item)? A. 400 KB B. 64 KB C. 1 KB D. 10 KB

A

Kroonenburg 11 If I wanted to run a database on an EC2 instance, which of the following storage options would Amazon recommend? A. EBS B. S3 C. RDS D. Glacier

A

Kroonenburg 15 Which of the following is most suitable for OLAP? A. Redshift B. RDS C. ElastiCache D. DynamoDB

A

Kroonenburg 17 RDS Reserved instances are available for multi-AZ deployments. A. True B. False

A

Kroonenburg 18 AWS's NoSQL product offering is known as ________. A. DynamoDB B. MySQL C. MongoDB D. RDS

A

Kroonenburg 19 Which AWS service is ideal for Business Intelligence Tools/Data Warehousing? A. Redshift B. DynamoDB C. Elastic Beanstalk D. ElastiCache

A

Kroonenburg 25 You can RDP or SSH in to an RDS instance to see what is going on with the operating system. A. False B. True

A

Hummel 31 You must specify strongly consistent read and write capacity for you DynamoDB database. You have determined read capacity of 128 Kbps and write capacity of 25 Kbps is required for your application. What is the read and write capacity units required for DynamoDB table? A. 32 read units, 25 write units B. 1 read unit, 1 write unit C. 16 read units, 2.5 write units D. 64 read units, 10 write units

A Read Capacity: single read per second for 4 KB Write Capcity: single write per second for 1 KB

Baron 06 Which Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) database engines support Multi-AZ? A. All of them B. Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, and Oracle C. Oracle, Amazon Aurora, and PostgreSQL D. MySQL

A. All Amazon RDS database engines support Multi-AZ deployment.

Hummel 02 What encryption support is available for tenants that are deploying AWS DynamoDB? A. Server-side encryption B. Client-side encryption C. Client-side and server-side encryption D. Encryption not supported E. Block level encryption

B

Hummel 04 What service does not support session data persistence store to enable web-based stateful applications? A. RDS B. Memcached C. DynamoDB D. Redis E. RedShift

B

Hummel 16 What consistency model is the default used by DynamoDB? A. Strongly consistent B. Eventually consistent C. No default model D. Casual consistency E. Sequential consistency

B

Hummel 25 You have a requirement to create an index to search customer objects stored in S3 buckets. The solution should enable you to create a metadata search index for each object stored to an S3 bucket. Select the most scalable and cost effective solution. A. RDS, ElastiCache B. DynamoDB,. Lambda C. RDS, EMR, ALB D. RedShift

B

Kroonenburg 06 Which of the following is not a feature of DynamoDB? A. The ability to perform operations by using a user-defined primary key B. The ability to store relational based data C. Data reads that are either eventually consistent or strongly consistent D. The primary key can either be a single-attribute or a composite

B DynamoDB is the AWS managed NoSQL database service. It has many features that are being added to constantly, but it is not an RDBMS service and therefore it will never have the ability to store relational data. All of the other options listed are valid features of DynamoDB.

Kroonenburg 13 When you add a rule to an RDS DB security group, you must specify a port number or protocol. A. True B. False

B Technically a destination port number is needed, however with a DB security group the RDS instance port number is automatically applied to the RDS DB Security Group.

Hummel 09 What are two primary advantages of DynamoDB? A. SQL support B. Managed service C. Performance D. CloudFront integration

B, C

Hummel 19 Select two features available with Amazon RDS for MySQL? A. Auto-Scaling B. Read requests to standby replicas C. Real-time database replication D. Active read requests only

B, C

Hummel 29 What happens when read or write requests exceed capacity units (throughput capacity) for a DynamoDB table or index? (select two) A. DynamoDB automatically increases read/write units B. DynamoDB can throttle requests so that requests are not exceeded C. HTTP 400 code is returned (Bad Request) D. HTTP 500 code is returned (Server Error) E. DynamoDB automatically increases read/write units if provisioned throughput is enabled

B, C

Hummel 18 What statements correctly describe support for Microsoft SQL Server within Amazon VPC? (select three) A. read/write replica B. Read replica only C. Vertical scaling D. Native load balancing E. EBS storage only F. S3 storage only

B, C, D

Hummel 03 What are three primary reasons for deploying ElastiCache? A. Data security B. Managed service C. Replication with REDIS D. Durablility E. Low latency

B, C, E

Hummel 07 What two statements correctly describe in-transit encryption support on ElastiCache platform (Choose 2)? A. not supported for ElastiCache platform B. supported on Redis replication group C. encrypts cached data at rest D. not supported on Memcached cluster E. IPsec must be enabled first

B, D

Baron 01 Which AWS database service is best suited for traditional Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)? A. Amazon Redshift B. Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) C. Amazon Glacier D. Elastic Database

B. Amazon RDS is best suited for traditional OLTP transactions. Amazon Redshift, on the other hand, is designed for OLAP workloads. Amazon Glacier is designed for cold archival storage.

Hummel 05 How does Memcached implement horizontal scaling? A. Auto-Scaling B. Database store C. Partitioning D. EC2 instances S3 bucket

C

Hummel 13 What storage type is recommended for an online transaction processing (OLTP) application deployed to Multi-AZ RDS with significant workloads? A. General Purpose SSD B. Magnetic C. EBS volumes D. Provisioned IOPS

D

Hummel 01 How is load balancing enabled for multiple tasks to the same container instance? A. Path-based routing B. Reverse proxy C. NAT D. Dynamic port mappng E. Dynamic listeners

D AWS recently launched a new Application Load Balancer (ALB) that supports Dynamic Port Mapping with ECS. It allows you to run two containers of a service on a single server on dynamic ports which ALB automatically detects and reconfigures itself.

Hummel 21 What caching engines are supported with Amazon ElastiCache? (Select two) A. HAProxy B. Route 53 C. RedShift D. REdis E. Memcached F. CloudFront

D, E

Banerjee 15 You want to launch a copy of a Redshift cluster to a different region. What is the easiest way to do this? A. Create a cluster manually in a different region and load all the data B. Extend the existing cluster to a different region C. Use third-party software like Golden Gate to replicate the data D. Enable a cross-region snapshot and restore the database from the snapshot to a different region

D. Loading the data manually will be too much work. You can't extend the cluster to a different region. A Redshift cluster is specific to a particular AZ. It can't go beyond an AZ as of writing this book. Using Golden Gate is going to cost a lot, and there is no need for it when there is an easy solution available.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 04 How many nodes can you add to an Amazon ElastiCache cluster running Redis? A. 1 B. 5 C. 20 D. 100

A Redis clusters can only contain a single node; however, you can group multiple clusters together into a replication group.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 09 You have built a large web application that uses Amazon ElastiCache using Memcached to store frequent query results. You plan to expand both the web fleet and the cache fleet multiple times over the next year to accommodate increased user traffic. How do you minimize the amount of changes required when a scaling event occurs? A. Configure AutoDiscovery on the client side B. Configure AutoDiscovery on the server side C. Update the configuration file each time a new cluster D. Use an Elastic Load Balancer to proxy the requests

A When the clients are configured to use AutoDiscovery, they can discover new cache nodes as they are added or removed. AutoDiscovery must be configured on each client and is not active server side. Updating the configuration file each time will be very difficult to manage. Using an Elastic Load Balancer is not recommended for this scenario.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 10 Which cache engines does Amazon ElastiCache support? (Choose 2 answers) A. Memcached B. Redis C. Membase D. Couchbase

A, B Amazon ElastiCache supports both Memcached and Redis. You can run self-managed installations of Membase and Couchbase using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 05 An application currently uses Memcached to cache frequently used database queries. Which steps are required to migrate the application to use Amazon ElastiCache with minimal changes? (Choose 2 answers) A. Recompile the application to use the Amazon ElastiCache libraries. B. Update the configuration file with the endpoint for the Amazon ElastiCache cluster. C. Configure a security group to allow access from the application servers. D. Connect to the Amazon ElastiCache nodes using Secure Shell (SSH) and install the latest version of Memcached.

B, C Amazon ElastiCache is Application Programming Interface (API)-compatible with existing Memcached clients and does not require the application to be recompiled or linked against the libraries. Amazon ElastiCache manages the deployment of the Amazon ElastiCache binaries.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 06 How can you back up data stored in Amazon ElastiCache running Redis? (Choose 2 answers) A. Create an image of the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance. B. Configure automatic snapshots to back up the cache environment every night. C. Create a snapshot manually. D. Redis clusters cannot be backed up.

B, C Amazon ElastiCache with the Redis engine allows for both manual and automatic snapshots. Memcached does not have a backup function.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 07 How can you secure an Amazon ElastiCache cluster? (Choose 3 answers) A. Change the Memcached root password. B. Restrict Application Programming Interface (API) actions using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies. C. Restrict network access using security groups. D. Restrict network access using a network Access Control List (ACL).

B, C, D Limit access at the network level using security groups or network ACLs, and limit infrastructure changes using IAM.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 08 You are working on a mobile gaming application and are building the leaderboard feature to track the top scores across millions of users. Which AWS services are best suited for this use case? A. Amazon Redshift B. Amazon ElastiCache using Memcached C. Amazon ElastiCache using Redis D. Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

C Amazon ElastiCache with Redis provides native functions that simplify the development of leaderboards. With Memcached, it is more difficult to sort and rank large datasets. Amazon Redshift and Amazon S3 are not designed for high volumes of small reads and writes, typical of a mobile game.

Hummel 28 What two statements are correct when comparing Elasticsearch and RedShift as analytical tools? A. Elasticsearch is a text search engine and document indexing tool B. RedShift supports complex SQL-based queries with Petabyte sized data store C. Elasticsearch supports SQL queries D. RedShift provides only basic analytical services E. Elasticsearch does not support JSON data type

A, B

Hummel 15 What are three advantages of standby replica in a Multi-AZ RDS deployment? A. Fault tolerance B. Eliminate I/O freezes C. Horizontal scaling D. Vertical scaling E. Data redundancy

A, B, E Vertical scaling implies increasing the size (cpu and memory) of the server. Horizontal scaling implies read replicas.

Baron 07 Which Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) database engines support read replicas? A. Microsoft SQL Server and Oracle B. MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and Aurora C. Aurora, Microsoft SQL Server, and Oracle D. MySQL and PostgreSQL

B. Read replicas are supported by MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and Aurora.

Hummel 22 What are three primary characteristics of DynamoDB? A. Less scalable than RDS B. Static content C. Store metadata for S3 objects D. Replication to three Availability Zones E. High read/write throughput

C, D, E

Hummel 24 You have enabled Amazon RDS database services in VPC1 for an application with public web servers in VPC2. How do you connect the web servers to the RDS database instance so they can communicate considering the VPC's are in different regions? A. VPC endpoints B. VPN gateway C. Path-based routing D. Publicly accessible database E. VPC peering

D

Hummel 32 What DynamoDB capacity management technique is based on the tenant specifying an upper and lower range for read/write capacity units? A. Demand B. Provisioned throughput C. Reserved capacity D. Auto scaling E. General purpose

D

Kroonenburg 01 Amazon's ElastiCache uses which two engines? A. Reddit & Memcrush B. MyISAM & InnoDB C. Redis & Memory D. Redis & Memcached

D

Kroonenburg 16 What happens to the I/O operations of a single-AZ RDS instance during a database snapshot or backup? A. I/O operations to the database are sent to a Secondary instance of a Multi-AZ installation (for the duration of the snapshot.) B. I/O operations will function normally. C. Nothing. D. I/O may be briefly suspended while the backup process initializes (typically under a few seconds), and you may experience a brief period of elevated latency.

D I/O may be briefly suspended while the backup process initializes (typically under a few seconds), and you may experience a brief period of elevated latency.

Kroonenburg 22 Can I "force" a failover for any RDS instance that has Multi-AZ configured? A. Yes. B. Only for Oracle RDS instances. C. No.

A

Kroonenburg 24 With new RDS Db instances, automated backups are enabled by default? A. True B. False

A

Banerjee 14 What are the two in-memory key-value engines that Amazon ElastiCache supports? (Choose two.) A. Memcached B. Redis C. MySQL D. SQL Server

A, B. MySQL and SQL Server are relational databases and not in-memory engines.

Hummel 33 What is the maximum volume size of a MySQL RDS database? A. 6 TB B. 3 TB C. 16 TB D. unlimited

C

Kroonenburg 20 How many copies of my data does RDS - Aurora store by default? A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 2

C

Baron 02 Which AWS database service is best suited for non-relational databases? A. Amazon Redshift B. Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) C. Amazon Glacier D. Amazon DynamoDB

D. Amazon DynamoDB is best suited for non-relational databases. Amazon RDS and Amazon Redshift are both structured relational databases.

Banerjee 07 Which RDS engine does not support read replicas? A. MySQL B. Aurora MySQL C. PostgreSQL D. Oracle

D. Only RDS Oracle does not support read replicas; the rest of the engines do support it.

Kroonenburg 23 What data transfer charge is incurred when replicating data from your primary RDS instance to your secondary RDS instance? A. There is no charge associated with this action. B. The charge is the same as the standard data transfer charge. C. The charge is double the standard data transfer charge. D. The charge is half of the standard data transfer charge.

A

Banerjee 06 Your company has just acquired a new company, and the number of users who are going to use the database will double. The database is running on Aurora. What things can you do to handle the additional users? (Choose two.) A. Scale up the database vertically by choosing a bigger box B. Use a combination of Aurora and EC2 to host the database C. Create a few read replicas to handle the additional read-only traffic D. Create the Aurora instance across multiple regions with a multimaster mode

A, C. You can't host Aurora on a EC2 server. Multimaster is not supported in Aurora.

Hummel 12 What two configuration features are required to create a private database instance? A. Security group B. Network ACL C. CloudWatch D. Elastic IP (EIP) E. Nondefault VSP F. DNS

A, F

Baron 18 You are creating an Amazon DynamoDB table that will contain messages for a social chat application. This table will have the following attributes: Username (String), Timestamp (Number), Message (String). Which attribute should you use as the partition key? The sort key? A. Username, Timestamp B. Username, Message C. Timestamp, Message D. Message, Timestamp

A. Using the Username as a partition key will evenly spread your users across the partitions. Messages are often filtered down by time range, so Timestamp makes sense as a sort key.

Banerjee 13 I have to run my analytics, and to optimize I want to store all the data in columnar format. Which database serves my need? A. Amazon Aurora for MySQL B. Amazon Redshift C. Amazon DynamoDB D. Amazon Aurora for Postgres

B. Amazon Redshift stores all the data in columnar format. Amazon Aurora for MySQL and PostgreSQL store the database in row format, and Amazon DynamoDB is a NoSQL database.

Baron 12 You are designing an e-commerce web application that will scale to potentially hundreds of thousands of concurrent users. Which database technology is best suited to hold the session state for large numbers of concurrent users? A. Relational database using Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) B. NoSQL database table using Amazon DynamoDB C. Data warehouse using Amazon Redshift D. Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)

B. NoSQL databases like Amazon DynamoDB excel at scaling to hundreds of thousands of requests with key/ value access to user profile and session.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 03 How many nodes can you add to an Amazon ElastiCache cluster running Memcached? A. 1 B. 5 C. 20 D. 100

C The default limit is 20 nodes per cluster.

Kroonenburg 08 If you want your application to check RDS for an error, have it look for an ______ code in the response from the Amazon RDS API. A. Exit B. Abort C. Incorrect D. Error

D

Kroonenburg 21 In RDS, what is the maximum value I can set for my backup retention period? A. 45 Days B. 15 Days C. 30 Days D. 35 Days

D

Hummel 08 What Amazon AWS platform is designed for complex analytics of a variety of large data sets based on custom code? The applications include machine learning and data transformation. A. EC2 B. Beanstalk C. Redshift D. EMR

D Amazon EMR (Elastic Map Reduce) processes big data across a Hadoop cluster of virtual servers on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3). The elastic in EMR's name refers to its dynamic resizing ability, which allows it to ramp up or reduce resource use depending on the demand at any given time.

Banerjee 08 What are the various ways of securing a database running in RDS? (Choose two.) A. Create the database in a private subnet B. Encrypt the entire database C. Create the database in multiple AZs D. Change the IP address of the database every week

A, B. Creating the database in multiple AZs is going to provide high availability and has nothing to do with security. Changing the IP address every week will be a painful activity and still won't secure the database if you don't encrypt it.

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 02 Which of the following cache engines are supported by Amazon ElastiCache? (Choose 2 answers) A. MySQL B. Memcached C. Redis D. Couchbase

B, C Amazon ElastiCache supports Memcached and Redis cache engines. MySQL is not a cache engine, and Couchbase is not supported.

Kroonenburg 03 Under what circumstances would I choose provisioned IOPS over standard storage when creating an RDS instance? A. If your business was trying to save money. B. If you have workloads that are not sensitive to latency/lag. C. If you use online transaction processing in your production environment. D. If this was a test DB.

C

Baron 17 You are building a photo management application that maintains metadata on millions of images in an Amazon DynamoDB table. When a photo is retrieved, you want to display the metadata next to the image. Which Amazon DynamoDB operation will you use to retrieve the metadata attributes from the table? A. Scan operation B. Search operation C. Query operation D. Find operation

C. Query is the most efficient operation to find a single item in a large table.

Kroonenburg 26 Which of the following AWS services is a non-relational database? A. ElastiCache B. RDS C. Redshift D. DynamoDB

D

Banerjee 12 I want to store JSON objects. Which database should I choose? A. Amazon Aurora for MySQL B. Oracle hosted on EC2 C. Amazon Aurora for PostgreSQL D. Amazon DynamoDB

D. A JSON object needs to be stored in a NoSQL database. Amazon Aurora for MySQL and PostgreSQL and Oracle are relational databases.

Kroonenburg 07 MySQL installations default to port number ________. A. 3306 B. 80 C. 1433 D. 3389

A

Hummel 06 What two options are available for tenants to access ElastiCache (Choose 2)? A. VPC peering link B. EC2 instances C. EFS mount D. Cross-region VPC

A, B

Kroonenburg 27 Which of the following data formats does Amazon Athena support? (Choose 3) A. XML B. JSON C. Apache ORC D. Apache Parquet

B, C, D Amazon Athena is an interactive query service that makes it easy to analyse data in Amazon S3, using standard SQL commands. It will work with a number of data formats including "JSON", "Apache Parquet", "Apache ORC" amongst others, but "XML" is not a format that is supported.

Banerjee 11 Which of the following does Amazon DynamoDB support? (Choose two.) A. Graph database B. Key-value database C. Document database D. Relational database

B, C. Amazon DynamoDB supports key-value and document structures. It is not a relational database. It does not support graph databases.

Baron 19 Which statement about Amazon DynamoDB tables is true? (Choose 1 answer) A. Global secondary indexes can only be created when the table is being created. B. Local secondary indexes can only be created when the table is being created. C. You can only have one global secondary index. D. You can only have one local secondary index.

B. You can have multiple local secondary indexes, and they must be created at the same time the table is created. You can create multiple global secondary indexes associated with a table at any time.

Baron 08 Your team is building an order processing system that will span multiple Availability Zones. During testing, the team wanted to test how the application will react to a database failover. How can you enable this type of test? A. Force a Multi-AZ failover from one Availability Zone to another by rebooting the primary instance using the Amazon RDS console. B. Terminate the DB instance, and create a new one. Update the connection string. C. Create a support case asking for a failover. D. It is not possible to test a failover.

A You can force a failover from one Availability Zine to another by rebooting the primary instance in the AWS Management Console. This is often how people test a failover in the real world. There is no need to create a support case.

Kroonenburg 04 When creating an RDS instance, you can select the Availability Zone into which you deploy it. A. False B. True

B

Kroonenburg 05 In RDS, changes to the backup window take effect ________. A. The next day B. Immediately C. You cannot back up in RDS. D. After 30 minutes

B

Kroonenburg 10 If you are using Amazon RDS Provisioned IOPS storage with a Microsoft SQL Server database engine, what is the maximum size RDS volume you can have by default? A. 500GB B. 16TB C. 1TB D. 6TB E. 32TB

B

Kroonenburg 28 Which AWS DB platform is most suitable for OLTP? A. ElastiCache B. RDS C. DynamoDB D. Redshift

B

Kroonenburg 09 You are hosting a MySQL database on the root volume of an EC2 instance. The database is using a large number of IOPS, and you need to increase the number of IOPS available to it. What should you do? A. Use Cloud Front to cache the database. B. Migrate the database to Glacier. C. Add 4 additional EBS SSD volumes and create a RAID 10 using these volumes. D. Migrate the database to an S3 bucket.

C

Banerjee 05 If you encrypt a database running in RDS, what objects are going to be encrypted? A. The entire database B. The database backups and snapshot C. The database log files D. All of the above

D. When you encrypted a database, everything gets encrypted including the database, backups, logs, read replicas, snapshot, and so on.

Banerjee 04 You are running a MySQL database in RDS, and you have been tasked with creating a disaster recovery architecture. What approach is easiest for creating the DR instance in a different region? A. Create an EC2 server in a different region and constantly replicate the database over there. B. Create an RDS database in the other region and use third-party software to replicate the data across the database. C. While installing the database, use multiple regions. This way, your database gets installed into multiple regions directly. D. Use the cross-regional replication functionality of RDS. This will quickly spin off a read replica in a different region that can be used for disaster recovery.

D. You can achieve this by creating an EC2 server in a different region and replicating, but when your primary site is running on RDS, why not use RDS for the secondary site as well? You can use third-party software for replication, but when the functionality exists out of the box in RDS, why pay extra to any third party? You can't install a database using multiple regions out of the box.

Hummel 10 What two fault tolerant features does Amazon RDS support? A. Copy snapshot to a different region B. Create read replica to a different region C. Copy unencrypted read-replica only D. Copy read/write replica and snapshot

A, B

Baron 04 Which AWS Cloud service is best suited for Online Analytics Processing (OLAP)? A. Amazon Redshift B. Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) C. Amazon Glacier D. Amazon DynamoDB

A. Amazon Redshift is best suited for traditional OLAP transactions. While Amazon RDS can also be used for OLAP, Amazon Redshift is purpose-built as an OLAP data warehouse.

Baron 11 You are building the database tier for an enterprise application that gets occasional activity throughout the day. Which storage type should you select as your default option? A. Magnetic storage B. General Purpose Solid State Drive (SSD) C. Provisioned IOPS (SSD) D. Storage Area Network (SAN)-attached

B. General Purpose (SSD) volumes are generally the right choice for databases that have bursts of activity.

Hummel 11 What managed services are included with Amazon RDS? (select four) A. Assign network capacity to database instances B. Install database software C. Perform regular backups D. Data replication across multiple availability zones E. Data replication across single availability zone only F. Configure database G. Performance tuning

A, B, C, D

Banerjee 10 Which of the following statements are true for Amazon Aurora? (Choose three.) A. The storage is replicated at three different AZs. B. The data is copied at six different places. C. It uses a quorum-based system for reads and writes. D. Aurora supports all the commercial databases.

A, B, C. Amazon Aurora supports only MySQL and PostgreSQL. It does not support commercial databases.

Baron 15 You are building a large order processing system and are responsible for securing the database. Which actions will you take to protect the data? (Choose 3 answers) A. Adjust AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions for administrators. B. Configure security groups and network Access Control Lists (ACLs) to limit network access. C. Configure database users, and grant permissions to database objects. D. Install anti-virus software on the Amazon RDS DB Instance.

A, B, C. Protecting your database requires a multilayered approach that secures the infrastructure, the network, and the database itself. Amazon RDS is a managed service and direct access to the OS is not available.

Baron 16 Your team manages a popular website running Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) MySQL back end. The Marketing department has just informed you about an upcoming television commercial that will drive thousands of new visitors to the website. How can you prepare your database to handle the load? (Choose 3 answers) A. Vertically scale the DB Instance by selecting a more powerful instance class. B. Create read replicas to offload read requests and update your application. C. Upgrade the storage from Magnetic volumes to General Purpose Solid State Drive (SSD) volumes. D. Upgrade to Amazon Redshift for faster columnar storage.

A, B, C. Vertically scaling up is one of the simpler options that can give you additional processing power without making any architectural changes. Read replicas require some application changes but let you scale processing power horizontally. Finally, busy databases are often I/ O- bound, so upgrading storage to General Purpose (SSD) or Provisioned IOPS (SSD) can often allow for additional request processing.

Hummel 20 What are two characteristics of Amazon RDS (choose 2)? A. Database managed service B. NoSQL queries C. Native load balancer D. Database write replicas E. Automatic failover of read replica

A, C

Baron 13 Which of the following techniques can you use to help you meet Recovery Point Objective (RPO) and Recovery Time Objective (RTO) requirements? (Choose 3 answers) A. DB snapshots B. DB option groups C. Read replica D. Multi-AZ deployment

A, C, D. DB snapshots allow you to back up and recover your data, while read replicas and a Multi-AZ deployment allow you to replicate your data and reduce the time to failover.

Hummel 14 What features are supported with Amazon RDS? (Select three) A. Horizontal scaling with multiple read replicas B. Elastic load balancing RDS read replicas C. Replicate read replicas cross-region D. Automatic failover to master database instance E. Application load balancer (ALB)

A, C, E

Hummel 30 What read consistency method provides lower latency for GetItem requests? A. Strongly persistent B. Eventually consistent C. Strongly consistent D. Write consistent

B

Baron - Chapter 10 - ElastiCache - 01 Which of the following objects are good candidates to store in a cache? (Choose 3 answers) A. Session state B. Shopping cart C. Product catalog D. Bank account balance

B, C Many types of objects are good candidates to cache because they have the potential to be accessed by numerous users repeatedly. Even the balance of a bank account could be cached for short periods of time if the back-end database query is slow to respond.

Hummel 26 What are three advantages of using DynamoDB over S3 for storing IoT sensor data where there are 100,000 datapoint samples sent per minute? A. S3 must create a single file for each event B. IoT can write data directly to DynamoDB C. DynamoDB provides fast read/writes to a structured table for queries D. DynamoDB is designed for frequent access and fast lookup of small records E. S3 is designed for frequent access and fast lookup of smaller records F. IoT can write data directly to S3

B, C, D

Hummel 23 What are three examples of using Lambda functions to move data between AWS services? A. Read data directly from DynamoDB streams to RDS B. Read data from Kinesis stream and write data to DynamoDB C. Read data from DynamoDB stream to Firehose and write to S3 D. Read data from S3 and write metadata to DynamoDB E. Read data from Kinesis firehose to Kinesis data stream

B, C, D Kinesis Streams. The more customizable option, Streams is best suited for developers building custom applications or streaming data for specialized needs. The customizability of the approach, however, requires manual scaling and provisioning. Data typically is made available in a stream for 24 hours, but for an additional cost, users can gain data availability for up to seven days. Kineses Firehose. The simpler approach, Firehose handles loading data streams directly into AWS products for processing. Scaling is handled automatically, up to gigabytes per second, and allows for batching, encrypting, and compressing. Firehose also allows for streaming to S3, Elasticsearch Service, or Redshift, where data can be copied for processing through additional services.

Baron 20 Which of the following workloads are a good fit for running on Amazon Redshift? (Choose 2 answers) A. Transactional database supporting a busy e-commerce order processing website B. Reporting database supporting back-office analytics C. Data warehouse used to aggregate multiple disparate data sources D. Manage session state and user profile data for thousands of concurrent users

B, C. Amazon Redshift is an Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) data warehouse designed for analytics, Extract, Transform, Load (ETL), and high-speed querying. It is not well suited for running transactional applications that require high volumes of small inserts or updates.

Baron 05 You have been using Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) for the last year to run an important application with automated backups enabled. One of your team members is performing routine maintenance and accidentally drops an important table, causing an outage. How can you recover the missing data while minimizing the duration of the outage? A. Perform an undo operation and recover the table. B. Restore the database from a recent automated DB snapshot. C. Restore only the dropped table from the DB snapshot. D. The data cannot be recovered.

B. DB Snapshots can be used to restore a complete copy of the database at a specific point in time. Individual tables cannot be extracted from a snapshot.

Banerjee 01 You are running your MySQL database in RDS. The database is critical for you, and you can't afford to lose any data in the case of any kind of failure. What kind of architecture will you go with for RDS? A. Create the RDS across multiple regions using a cross-regional read replica B. Create the RDS across multiple AZs in master standby mode C. Create the RDS and create multiple read replicas in multiple AZs with the same region D. Create a multimaster RDS database across multiple AZs

B. If you use a cross-regional replica and a read replica within the same region, the data replication happens asynchronously, so there is a chance of data loss. Multimaster is not supported in RDS. By creating the master and standby architecture, the data replication happens synchronously, so there is zero data loss.

Banerjee 03 You have a legacy application that needs a file system in the database server to write application files. Where should you install the database? A. You can achieve this using RDS because RDS has a file system in the database server B. Install the database on an EC2 server to get full control C. Install the database in RDS, mount an EFS from the RDS server, and give the EFS mount point to the application for writing the application files D. Create the database using a multi-AZ architecture in RDS

B. In this example, you need access to the operating system, and RDS does not give you access to the OS. You must install the database in an EC2 server to get complete control.

Baron 10 You are working for a small organization without a dedicated database administrator on staff. All of your current workloads use MySQL. You need to install Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise edition quickly to support an accounting back office application on Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS). What should you do? A. Launch an Amazon RDS DB Instance, and select Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Edition under the Bring Your Own License (BYOL) model. B. Provision SQL Server Enterprise Edition using the License Included option from the Amazon RDS Console. C. SQL Server Enterprise edition is only available via the Command Line Interface (CLI). Install the command-line tools on your laptop, and then provision your new Amazon RDS Instance using the CLI. D. You cannot use SQL Server Enterprise edition on Amazon RDS. You should install this on to a dedicated Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) Instance.

B. Provision SQL Server Enterprise Edition using the License Included option from the Amazon RDS Console.

Kroonenburg 12 When you have deployed an RDS database into multiple availability zones, can you use the secondary database as an independent read node? A. Yes. B. It depends on how you set it up. C. No. D. Only in US-West-1.

C

Kroonenburg 14 Which set of RDS database engines is currently available? A. MariaDB, SQL Server, MySQL, Cassandra B. PostgreSQL, MariaDB, MongoDB, Aurora C. Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL D. Aurora, MySQL, SQL Server, Cassandra

C

Kroonenburg 02 Which of the following DynamoDB features are chargeable, when using a single region? (Choose 2) A. Incoming Data Transfer B. The number of tables created C. Read and Write Capacity D. Storage of Data

C, D There will always be a charge for provisioning read and write capacity and the storage of data within DynamoDB, therefore these two answers are correct. There is no charge for the transfer of data into DynamoDB, providing you stay within a single region (if you cross regions, you will be charged at both ends of the transfer.) There is no charge for the actual number of tables you can create in DynamoDB, providing the RCU and WCU are set to 0, however in practice you cannot set this to anything less than 1 so there always be a nominal fee associated with each table.

Baron 14 When using Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) Multi-AZ, how can you offload read requests from the primary? (Choose 2 answers) A. Configure the connection string of the clients to connect to the secondary node and perform reads while the primary is used for writes. B. Amazon RDS automatically sends writes to the primary and sends reads to the secondary. C. Add a read replica DB instance, and configure the client's application logic to use a read-replica. D. Create a caching environment using ElastiCache to cache frequently used data. Update the application logic to read/ write from the cache.

C, D. Amazon RDS allows for the creation of one or more read-replicas for many engines that can be used to handle reads. Another common pattern is to create a cache using Memcached and Amazon ElastiCache to store frequently used queries. The secondary slave DB Instance is not accessible and cannot be used to offload queries.

Baron 03 You are a solutions architect working for a media company that hosts its website on AWS. Currently, there is a single Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) Instance on AWS with MySQL installed locally to that Amazon EC2 Instance. You have been asked to make the company's production environment more resilient and to increase performance. You suggest that the company split out the MySQL database onto an Amazon RDS Instance with Multi-AZ enabled. This addresses the company's increased resiliency requirements. Now you need to suggest how you can increase performance. Ninety-nine percent of the company's end users are magazine subscribers who will be reading additional articles on the website, so only one percent of end users will need to write data to the site. What should you suggest to increase performance? A. Alter the connection string so that if a user is going to write data, it is written to the secondary copy of the Multi-AZ database. B. Alter the connection string so that if a user is going to write data, it is written to the primary copy of the Multi-AZ database. C. Recommend that the company use read replicas, and distribute the traffic across multiple read replicas. D. Migrate the MySQL database to Amazon Redshift to take advantage of columnar storage and maximize performance.

C. In this scenario, the best idea is to use read replicas to scale out the database and thus maximize read performance. When using Multi-AZ, the secondary database is not accessible and all reads and writes must go to the primary or any read replicas. Multi-AZ Notes: 1) For disaster recovery 2) Synchronous DB copy 3) Same region (intra-region) 4) Offline (no query capability) 5) SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, Postgres, MariaDB Read Replica Notes: 1) For performance primarily 2) Asynchronous DB copy 3) Across AZs AND regions 4) Queryable 5) MySQL, Postgres, MariaDB, Aurora 6) No Oracle, No SQL Server

Banerjee 02 Your application is I/O bound, and your application needs around 36,000 IOPS. The application you are running is critical for the business. How can you make sure the application always gets all the IOPS it requests and the database is highly available? A. Install the database in EC2 using an EBS-optimized instance, and choose a I/O optimized instance class with an SSD-based hard drive B. Install the database in RDS using SSD C. Install the database in RDS in multi-AZ using Provisioned IOPS and select 36,000 IOPS D. Install multiple copies of read replicas in RDS so all the workload gets distributed across multiple read replicas and you can cater to the I/O requirement

C. You can choose to install the database in EC2, but if you can get all the same benefits by installing the database in RDS, then why not? If you install the database in SSD, you don't know if you can meet the 36,000 IOPS requirement. A read replica is going to take care of the read-only workload. The requirement does not say the division of read and write IO between 36,000 IOPS.

Banerjee 09 You're running a mission-critical application, and you are hosting the database for that application in RDS. Your IT team needs to access all the critical OS metrics every five seconds. What approach would you choose? A. Write a script to capture all the key metrics and schedule the script to run every five seconds using a cron job B. Schedule a job every five seconds to capture the OS metrics C. Use standard monitoring D. Use advanced monitoring

D. In RDS, you don't have access to OS, so you can't run a cron job. You can't capture the OS metrics by running a database job. Standard monitoring provides metrics for one minute.

Baron 09 You are a system administrator whose company has moved its production database to AWS. Your company monitors its estate using Amazon CloudWatch, which sends alarms using Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to your mobile phone. One night, you get an alert that your primary Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) Instance has gone down. You have Multi-AZ enabled on this instance. What should you do to ensure the failover happens quickly? A. Update your Domain Name System (DNS) to point to the secondary instance's new IP address, forcing your application to fail over to the secondary instance. B. Connect to your server using Secure Shell (SSH) and update your connection strings so that your application can communicate to the secondary instance instead of the failed primary instance. C. Take a snapshot of the secondary instance and create a new instance using this snapshot, then update your connection string to point to the new instance. D. No action is necessary. Your connection string points to the database endpoint, and AWS automatically updates this endpoint to point to your secondary instance.

D. Monitor the environment while Amazon RDS attempts to recover automatically. AWS will update the DB endpoint to point to the secondary instance automatically.