Reading

mission

mission

need to should

need to

place put

place

a means of وسیله ای برای

a means of

flows he word flow has many shades of meaning but most involve the steady movement of something. Water can flow in a river, electricity can flow through a wire, and talk might also flow as you sit and chat with friends. The verb flow often describes the movement of fluids, such as water or even blood, but it can also describe other things that move in a constant stream. When you get that high-paying job, money might flow into your bank account. Until then, offers for help might flow in when you need to pay your credit card bill. Flow has a noun form as well. You might watch the flow of traffic on the street. Definitions of flow verb move along, of liquids "Water flowed into the cave" synonyms: course, feed, run see less types: show 21 types... type of: move move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion verb move or progress freely as if in a stream "The crowd flowed out of the stadium" synonyms: flux see less types: cockle, riffle, ripple, ruffle, undulate stir up (water) so as to form ripples transpirate, transpire pass through the tissue or substance or its pores or interstices, as of gas type of: move move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion verb fall or flow in a certain way "Her long black hair flowed down her back" synonyms: fall, hang verb cause to flow "The artist flowed the washes on the paper" noun the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases) synonyms: flowing see less types: show 30 types... type of: change of location, travel a movement through space that changes the location of something noun the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression synonyms: stream see less types: release, spill, spillage the act of allowing a fluid to escape flood, outpouring, overflow a large flow effusion flow under pressure type of: motion, move, movement the act of changing location from one place to another noun any uninterrupted stream or discharge see less types: show 11 types... type of: action, activity, natural action, natural process a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) noun something that resembles a flowing stream in moving continuously "the museum had planned carefully for the flow of visitors" synonyms: stream see less type of: motion a state of change noun the amount of fluid that flows in a given time synonyms: flow rate, rate of flow see less types: cardiac output the amount of blood pumped out by the ventricles in a given period of time type of: rate a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit noun dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas "the flow of thought" synonyms: current, stream see less type of: course, line, trajectory a connected series of events or actions or developments verb be abundantly present "The champagne flowed at the wedding" see less type of: be, exist have an existence, be extant verb cover or swamp with water see less types: lap, lave, wash wash or flow against type of: flood cover with liquid, usually water verb undergo menstruation synonyms: menstruate see less type of: bleed, hemorrhage, shed blood lose blood from one's body noun the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus of nonpregnant women from puberty to menopause synonyms: catamenia, menses, menstruation, menstruum, period see less types: hypermenorrhea, menorrhagia abnormally heavy or prolonged menstruation; can be a symptom of uterine tumors and can lead to anemia if prolonged oligomenorrhea abnormally light or infrequent menstruation type of: discharge, emission, expelling any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body flow means to: spin moan limp pour Usage Examples: I'm guessing they'll get over it once the blood starts flowing," I say flatly. Catching Fire He opened the car door and a mix of laughter, loud, unintelligible words, and thrash metal music flowed into our forest and infected it with them. Please Ignore Vera Dietz The river of chocolate was flowing very fast inside the pipe, and the Oompa-Loompas were all rowing like crazy, and the boat was rocketing along at a furious pace. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Long, flowing dresses, short shimmering skirts, and ruffled-collar shirts filled her closet. Word Family: flow flowed flowing سرازیر میشه

flows

novel new رمان

novel

sued by شکایت شده توسط

sued by

whatever it causes هرچیزی که باعثشه

whatever it causes

whatever its causes هر چیزی که علتش باشه

whatever its causes

recognition Recognition is when you remember something or someone you're familiar with — like the flash of recognition you experience at your high school reunion. Recognition isn't just about remembering what something looks like — it's also used to describe when you remember that someone has done something special, and decide to recognize their efforts with an award or speech. This type of recognition is a form of acknowledgment, a way to say "we approve" or "good work!" Definitions of recognition noun the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering "a politician whose recall of names was as remarkable as his recognition of faces" "experimental psychologists measure the elapsed time from the onset of the stimulus to its recognition by the observer" synonyms: identification see less types: identity the individual characteristics by which a thing or person is recognized or known speaker identification, talker identification identification of a person from the sound of their voice type of: memory, remembering the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered noun the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged "the partners were delighted with the recognition of their work" synonyms: acknowledgement, acknowledgment see less type of: acceptance the state of being acceptable and accepted noun approval "give her recognition for trying" synonyms: credit see less types: show 5 types... type of: approval, commendation a message expressing a favorable opinion noun an acceptance (as of a claim) as true and valid "the recognition of the Rio Grande as a boundary between Mexico and the United States" see more noun the explicit and formal acknowledgement of a government or of the national independence of a country "territorial disputes were resolved in Guatemala's recognition of Belize in 1991" see less type of: diplomacy, diplomatic negotiations negotiation between nations noun designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body "he was unable to make his motion because he couldn't get recognition by the chairman" see less type of: appointment, assignment, designation, naming the act of putting a person into a non-elective position noun coming to understand something clearly and distinctly "a sudden recognition of the problem he faced" "increasing recognition that diabetes frequently coexists with other chronic diseases" synonyms: realisation, realization see more noun (biology) the ability of one molecule to attach to another molecule that has a complementary shape "molecular recognition drives all of biology, for instance, hormone and receptor or antibody-antigen interactions or the organization of molecules into larger biologically active entities" see less type of: organic phenomenon (biology) a natural phenomenon involving living plants and animals Usage Examples: I suppose the shock of recognition is one of the nastiest shocks of all. The Secret History He was shaking from the exertion and his breath was shallow, but there was a look of recognition in his eyes. Gregor the Overlander He stared back, without even a flicker of recognition. Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children It represented a recognition in the West that our struggle was a moral one, one too long ignored by the great powers. Word Family: recognize recognition recognized به رسمیت شناختن

recognition

any هر

any

brought After a long, gray winter, it's hard to remember what a bright, sunny day is like. Bright means shining with light. The adjective bright is good for describing anything that emits, reflects, or is full of light — like the bright moon, the bright sky or the bright, well-lit room. Bright can also mean vivid or vibrant — such as a bright purple three-piece suit. More figuratively, bright means "full of hope or possibility" — like your bright future as a marine biologist. Definitions of bright adjective emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts "the sun was bright and hot" "a bright sunlit room" Synonyms: agleam, gleaming, nitid bright with a steady but subdued shining aglow, lambent, lucent, luminous softly bright or radiant aglitter, coruscant, fulgid, glinting, glistering, glittering, glittery, scintillant, scintillating, sparkly having brief brilliant points or flashes of light beadlike, beady, buttonlike, buttony small and round and shiny like a shiny bead or button beaming, beamy, effulgent, radiant, refulgent radiating or as if radiating light blazing, blinding, dazzling, fulgent, glaring, glary shining intensely bright as a new penny (metaphor) shining brightly brilliant full of light; shining intensely ardent glowing or shining like fire glimmery shining softly and intermittently glistening, glossy, lustrous, sheeny, shining, shiny reflecting light iridescent, nacreous, opalescent, opaline, pearlescent having a play of lustrous rainbow colors lurid shining with an unnatural red glow as of fire seen through smoke noctilucent shining or glowing by night satiny, silken, silklike, silky, sleek, slick having a smooth, gleaming surface reflecting light self-luminous having in itself the property of emitting light shimmery glistening tremulously silver, silvern, silvery having the white lustrous sheen of silver twinkling shining intermittently with a sparkling light see less Antonyms: dull emitting or reflecting very little light show more antonyms... adjective made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow "bright silver candlesticks" synonyms: burnished, lustrous, shining, shiny polished perfected or made shiny and smooth adjective not made dim or less bright synonyms: undimmed see less Antonyms: dim, dimmed made dim or less bright show more antonyms... adjective having lots of light either natural or artificial "the room was bright and airy" "a stage bright with spotlights" Synonyms: light characterized by or emitting light adjective having striking color "bright dress" synonyms: brilliant, vivid colorful, colourful having striking color adverb with brightness "the windows glowed jewel bright" synonyms: brightly, brilliantly adjective characterized by quickness and ease in learning "some children are brighter in one subject than another" synonyms: smart intelligent having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree adjective splendid "the bright stars of stage and screen" "a bright moment in history" "the bright pageantry of court" Synonyms: glorious having or deserving or conferring glory adjective clear and sharp and ringing "the bright sound of the trumpet section" synonyms: brilliant reverberant having a tendency to reverberate or be repeatedly reflected adjective characterized by happiness or gladness "bright faces" Synonyms: happy enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure adjective full of promise "had a bright future in publishing" synonyms: hopeful, promising auspicious auguring favorable circumstances and good luck Usage Examples "I seen the sign outside of town. How's it read? 'Manifest—a town with a rich past and a bright future.' Moon Over Manifest The knife she uses is sharp and bright, and tempting. The Handmaid's Tale Soon, I think, sniffing blossoms, the last of the bright white petals will fall, taking their heavenly scent with them. Lay that Trumpet in Our Hands She lay beside the sleeping king—I watched wherever she went, a crafty guardian, wealthy in wiles—and her eyes were open, the lashes bright with tears. آورده شده

brought

firm The adjective firm describes something that's strong and unwavering. If your great Aunt Martha had a firm belief that children should be seen and not heard, you and your siblings might have spent your childhood driving her crazy. Something that is solid can also be described as firm. When you take a stick of butter out of the fridge, it's firm, and it needs to soften before you cream it with sugar. Another definition for the adjective firm is unwavering or loyal. You might be a firm supporter of your favorite baseball team, even though they haven't made it to a World Series in more than twenty years. Definitions of firm adjective not soft or yielding to pressure "a firm mattress" "the snow was firm underfoot" synonyms: solid hard resisting weight or pressure adjective possessing the tone and resiliency of healthy tissue "firm muscles" Synonyms: healthy having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease adjective strong and sure "a firm grasp" synonyms: strong forceful characterized by or full of force or strength (often but not necessarily physical) adjective (of especially a person's physical features) not shaking or trembling "his voice was firm and confident" "a firm step" Synonyms: steady not subject to change or variation especially in behavior adjective securely fixed in place "the post was still firm after being hit by the car" synonyms: fast, immobile fixed securely placed or fastened or set verb become taut or tauter "Your muscles will firm when you exercise regularly" synonyms: tauten see less type of: tighten become tight or tighter verb make taut or tauter synonyms: tauten see more adjective not subject to revision or change "a firm contract" "a firm offer" Synonyms: settled established or decided beyond dispute or doubt adjective securely established "holds a firm position as the country's leading poet" Synonyms: secure free from danger or risk adjective marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable "firm convictions" "a firm mouth" synonyms: steadfast, steady, stiff, unbendable, unfaltering, unshakable, unwavering resolute firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination adjective not liable to fluctuate or especially to fall "stocks are still firm" synonyms: steady, unfluctuating stable resistant to change of position or condition adjective unwavering in devotion to friend or vow or cause "a firm ally" synonyms: fast, loyal, truehearted faithful steadfast in affection or allegiance adverb with resolute determination "you must stand firm" synonyms: firmly, steadfastly, unwaveringly noun the members of a business organization that owns or operates one or more establishments synonyms: business firm, house see less types: show 23 types... type of: business, business concern, business organisation, business organization, concern a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it Usage Examples: After the baby was born, Henry joined a law firm in Boston, and Elizabeth alternated between living there with her husband and in New York with her parents. Votes for Women! Then the door to the apartment flew open, and two large, tough, brawny M.P.s with icy eyes and firm, sinewy, unsmiling jaws entered quickly, strode across the room, and arrested Yossarian. Catch-22 I concentrated on holding the match steady and firm. The Honest Truth He was in West Sacramento, California, a lawyer heading to his job at a firm that handled property-loss cases for State Farm insurance. شرکت

firm

hard won autonomy به سختی بدست آوردند

hard won autonomy

legal means راههای قانونی

legal means

seals فوک دریایی

seals

turned out Definitions of turned out adjective dressed well or smartly "the girls were well turned out and smart" Synonyms: clad, clothed wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination Usage Examples Technically, the old man's work turned out badly—brown and streaked. In Cold Blood But it all turned out brassy orange, and took three more tries to get it right. The Belles As it turned out, there were ample grounds for the volunteer's despair. The Milagro Beanfield War But she was not, as it turned out, dead. معلوم شدن

turned out

unmanaged کنترل نشده

unmanaged

act in accordance with مطابق با

act in accordance with

dig When you dig, you scoop or shovel up dirt, sand, or some other material. Your dog might whine to go outside so she can dig a hole in your dad's garden. You can dig with your hands, a shovel, or even a tractor or backhoe. City crews dig up roads to repair water pipes, and gardeners dig small for planting bulbs. You can even say you dig your brother in the side when you jab him there. If someone says, "I dig you," they mean, "I understand," and if they say, "I dig your outfit," they like it. Both slang usages come from 1930s African American English. Definitions of dig verb turn up, loosen, or remove earth "Dig we must" synonyms: cut into, delve, turn over see less types: show 7 types... type of: remove, take, take away, withdraw remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract verb remove, harvest, or recover by digging "dig salt" "dig coal" synonyms: dig out, dig up see less type of: excavate, unearth recover through digging verb remove the inner part or the core of synonyms: excavate, hollow see less types: drive excavate horizontally ditch, trench cut a trench in, as for drainage type of: remove, take, take away, withdraw remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract verb create by digging "dig a hole" "dig out a channel" synonyms: dig out see less types: lift take (root crops) out of the ground trench dig a trench or trenches dibble make a hole with a wooden hand tool type of: core out, hollow, hollow out remove the interior of noun the act of digging synonyms: digging, excavation see less type of: creating by removal the act of creating by removing something noun the site of an archeological exploration "they set up camp next to the dig" synonyms: archeological site, excavation see less examples: Byblos an ancient Mediterranean seaport that was a thriving city state in Phoenicia during the second millennium BC; was the chief port for the export of papyrus; located in Lebanon to the north of Beirut; now partially excavated type of: land site, site the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located) noun a small gouge (as in the cover of a book) "the book was in good condition except for a dig in the back cover" see less type of: dent, ding, divot, gouge, nick an impression in a surface (as made by a blow) verb thrust down or into "dig the oars into the water" "dig your foot into the floor" see more verb poke or thrust abruptly synonyms: jab, poke, prod, stab see less type of: thrust push forcefully noun the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow "she gave me a sharp dig in the ribs" synonyms: jab see less type of: touch, touching the act of putting two things together with no space between them noun an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect "she takes a dig at me every chance she gets" synonyms: barb, gibe, jibe, shaft, shot, slam see less types: cheap shot an unnecessarily aggressive and unfair remark directed at a defenseless person type of: comment, input, remark a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information verb work hard "She was digging away at her math homework" synonyms: drudge, fag, grind, labor, labour, moil, toil, travail see less type of: do work, work be employed verb get the meaning of something synonyms: apprehend, compass, comprehend, get the picture, grasp, grok, savvy see less types: show 4 types... type of: understand know and comprehend the nature or meaning of Usage Examples Like one who digs a tunnel beneath a fortress, I would undermine his revenge, not aid it. Ophelia Photographs transmitted by the spy satellite showed Soviet construction crews digging a twenty-three-mile-long trench near Moscow. Spies: The Secret Showdown Between America and Russia "While I was in the graveyard, watching the sextons dig your grave, Hamlet appeared. Indeed, I was greatly surprised." Ophelia After De Soto's army left the Caddo stopped erecting community centers and began digging community cemeteries. Word Family: dig digging کندن

dig

going off دور شدن

going off

knowingly به طور اینکه میدونم

knowingly

meagre pickings انتخاب ناچیز میده

meagre pickings

trap A trap is something you can't get out of. If a critter is nibbling at your cherry tomato plants, set a trap to catch the thief. (But if it turns out to be your little brother, set him free!) If a TV character yells, "Look out! It's a trap!" they're dramatically warning someone about an imminent surprise attack or mean-spirited trick. Other kinds of traps include a plumbing trap, a curved pipe that traps liquid in it so that gases can't rise up into your sink, and a sand trap, the tricky hollow where your ball gets stuck on a golf course. The Germanic root word of trap literally means "that onto which one steps." Definitions of trap noun a device in which something (usually an animal) can be caught and penned see less types: show 14 types... type of: device an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose noun drain consisting of a U-shaped section of drainpipe that holds liquid and so prevents a return flow of sewer gas see less type of: drain, drainpipe, waste pipe a pipe through which liquid is carried away verb catch in or as if in a trap "The men trap foxes" synonyms: ensnare, entrap, snare, trammel see less types: gin trap with a snare type of: capture, catch capture as if by hunting, snaring, or trapping verb to hold fast or prevent from moving synonyms: immobilise, immobilize, pin verb hold or catch as if in a trap "The gaps between the teeth trap food particles" see less type of: hold, take hold have or hold in one's hands or grip noun something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares "the exam was full of trap questions" synonyms: snare see less types: iron trap a trap from which there is no escape speed trap a trap arranged on a roadway for catching speeders type of: design, plan an arrangement scheme noun the act of concealing yourself and lying in wait to attack by surprise synonyms: ambuscade, ambush, lying in wait see less types: dry-gulching the act of killing from ambush type of: coup de main, surprise attack an attack without warning noun a hazard on a golf course synonyms: bunker, sand trap see less type of: hazard an obstacle on a golf course verb place in a confining or embarrassing position "He was trapped in a difficult situation" synonyms: pin down see less type of: confine, detain deprive of freedom; take into confinement noun a device to hurl clay pigeons into the air for trapshooters see less type of: mechanical device mechanism consisting of a device that works on mechanical principles noun informal terms for the mouth synonyms: cakehole, gob, hole, maw, yap see less type of: mouth, oral cavity, oral fissure, rima oris the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge noun a light two-wheeled carriage see less type of: carriage, equipage, rig a vehicle with wheels drawn by one or more horses The opposite of gutless is: deceitful gorgeous unhealthy courageous Usage Examples: Bod realized that he was trapped when he heard the lock turn in the door. The Graveyard Book This complex and exceedingly efficient government operation was completed while residents of New Orleans were trapped in attics and begging for rescue from rooftops and highway overpasses. Zeitoun "My brother! An accident! He got his foot caught in a trap." Kira-Kira He doesn't say bye or anything, he just looks at me for a little longer, likely sizing me up, or maybe questioning whether or not I'm actually luring him into a trap. به دام انداختن

trap

matchstick Definitions of matchstick noun a short thin stick of wood used in making matches see less type of: stick an implement consisting of a length of wood Usage Examples He pauses, swipes a matchstick on a column. I'll Give You the Sun A matchstick hissed, and a glow appeared on the guard's boot. Between Shades of Gray We were like matchsticks in a small box. Between Shades of Gray Meggie held her breath as his lips closed around the burning matchstick. چوب کبریت

matchstick

obtained Obtain means to get something that is not so easy to come by such as knowledge, rights, or a large amount of money. You wouldn't say you obtained a pair of pants, unless they were one of a kind. At times in its history, obtain has meant to be victorious or to succeed. Today, it mostly means to acquire, but keeping its prior meanings in mind helps you to use it in the right way. College degrees are something that you obtain as is permission from your parents to go to a party. When you obtain something, you have worked hard to get it, so you are pretty happy to have it. Definitions of obtain verb come into possession of "How did you obtain the visa?" see less types: show 27 types... type of: acquire, get come into the possession of something concrete or abstract verb receive a specified treatment (abstract) synonyms: find, get, incur, receive acquire, get come into the possession of something concrete or abstract see less types: take ascertain or determine by measuring, computing or take a reading from a dial type of: change undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature verb be valid, applicable, or true synonyms: hold, prevail see less type of: be, exist have an existence, be extant Usage Examples He will not be permitted to enlist in the military, or possess a firearm, or obtain a federal security clearance. The New Jim Crow She works for free, from dawn until late at night, seven days a week, to obtain money for food, units of blood, medicine, prostheses, and a scrap of land to build a permanent shelter. Enrique's Journey Farmers nowadays find it difficult to obtain uncontaminated fodder for their milk cows, though the Food and Drug Administration forbids the presence of insecticide residues in milk shipped in interstate commerce. Silent Spring Its woodlands were cleared for agriculture, or cut to obtain construction timber, or burned as firewood or for manufacturing plaster. بدست آمده

obtained

productive If you're productive, that means you do a lot — you create or produce large amounts of something. A productive worker makes more widgets than the shirker who keeps sneaking out to gossip and drink coffee. The word productive often describes a person's capability to do a lot of work, but is can refer to anything that produces a lot. The land in your area might be the most productive in the state, meaning crops grow very well there. Productive can be used more broadly to describe something that produces a positive result. For example, you might have a productive conversation with your mom about your college plans, or you might make a productive investment. سازنده

productive

progressively Definitions of progressively adverb advancing in amount or intensity synonyms: increasingly, more and more Usage Examples Then in 1960 core samples showed that the ocean floor was quite young at the mid-Atlantic ridge but grew progressively older as you moved away from it to the east or west. A Short History of Nearly Everything Past information might be revered, but in successive retellings it would become progressively more muddled and eventually lost. Cosmos For the sake of Gogol and Sonia they celebrate, with progressively increasing fanfare, the birth of Christ, an event the children look forward to far more than the worship of Durga and Saraswati. The Namesake به تدریج

progressively

rely on Definitions of rely on verb put trust in with confidence "she is someone you can really rely on when times get rough" "you can rely on his discretion" synonyms: depend on, depend upon, rely upon verb be dependent on, as for support or maintenance synonyms: depend on Usage Examples We wanted to rely on traditional methods of communication," Sadler says. The Tipping Point I began to rely on Drew to tell me the facts of our lives. Educated They trust me, and they've forgotten how to rely on their own instincts, because I lead them to nourishment. The Alchemist Though newly arrived Mexicans often work in industries that rely on cheap labor, like restaurants and construction, they rarely organize. rely on relied on relying on وابسته به

rely on

trivial Something that is trivial is not important or significant, such as the trivial details you shared with me about your trip to the post office this morning. Trivial can also describe something that isn't deep or meaningful, like a trivial movie that you'll forget about after the credits roll. It comes from the Latin word trivium: tri means "three" and via is "road." So a trivium is a "place where three roads meet," meaning a crossroads — just something ordinary. So something that is trivial is not worth remembering; it just isn't important. Usage Examples We typically regard our snap judgment as best on immediate trivial questions. Blink As if it was trivial for us, a frill, a whim. The Handmaid's Tale She made a point of writing as if everything were normal, sharing the trivial news of home. Unbroken Her entries consisted of artistic manifestos, trivial complaints, character sketches and simple accounts of her day which increasingly shaded off into fantasy. بی اهمیت

trivial

in turn برعکس

in turn

universal Universal describes something for everything or everyone. Universal design is architectural design that accommodates every person. A universal remote can change the stations on all your home entertainment systems, but hopefully not at once. The uni in universal means "one" so this word is all about "one for all and all for one." If it's universal, it applies to all cases. Like the universe itself, a universal emotion is one that every human can understand or relate to. The desire for your children to be safe and happy is universal. If you are to make a universal change in a document it means that every time the specified word appears, it should be fixed. Definitions of universal adjective applicable to or common to all members of a group or set "the play opened to universal acclaim" "rap enjoys universal appeal among teenage boys" Synonyms: general applying to all or most members of a category or group adjective adapted to various purposes, sizes, forms, operations "" universal wrench", "universal chuck" "universal screwdriver" Synonyms: adaptable capable of adapting (of becoming or being made suitable) to a particular situation or use adjective of worldwide scope or applicability "universal experience" synonyms: cosmopolitan, ecumenical, general, oecumenical, world-wide, worldwide comprehensive, overarching including all or everything noun a behavioral convention or pattern characteristic of all members of a particular culture or of all human beings "some form of religion seems to be a human universal" see less type of: convention, formula, normal, pattern, rule something regarded as a normative example noun (logic) a proposition that asserts something of all members of a class synonyms: universal proposition see less Antonyms: particular, particular proposition (logic) a proposition that asserts something about some (but not all) members of a class type of: proposition (logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false noun (linguistics) a grammatical rule (or other linguistic feature) that is found in all languages synonyms: linguistic universal see less type of: linguistic rule, rule (linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice noun coupling that connects two rotating shafts allowing freedom of movement in all directions "in motor vehicles a universal joint allows the driveshaft to move up and down as the vehicle passes over bumps" synonyms: universal joint see less type of: coupler, coupling a mechanical device that serves to connect the ends of adjacent objects Usage Examples The fact that every meal we eat carries its load of chlorinated hydrocarbons is the inevitable consequence of the almost universal spraying or dusting of agricultural crops with these poisons. Silent Spring The best-known religions of history, such as Islam and Buddhism, are universal and missionary. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Once again he was experiencing the language without words . . . the universal language. The Alchemist Any parent of a child born on a major holiday knows that there's already a certain line to be walked between an individual celebration and more universal festivities. جهانی

universal

caught adjective having become involved involuntarily "caught up in the excitement of the crowd" "caught up in the scandal" Synonyms: involved connected by participation or association or use ennoble means to: dignify amend bewitch resemble Usage Examples: I ran and caught up with her at the edge of the schoolyard. The Rock and the River He brushed past the outstretched hand of a wino and caught up to his aunt and cousins. The Contender Before long the fog caught up to us. Hollow City I couldn't get caught up in silly things. Word Family: caught up catch up گرفتار

caught

disrupted Definitions of disrupted adjective marked by breaks or gaps "many routes are unsafe or disrupted" Synonyms: discontinuous, noncontinuous not continuing without interruption in time or space Usage Examples The bridge is upstream from the house—they've disrupted traffic here before, some time ago, and for a while the lady was under strict surveillance. Code Name Verity Printing wasn't the only part of Kepler's life disrupted by the war. The Scientists Lewis studied mutants in which the organization of these segments was disrupted. The Gene In cancer cells, geneticists realized, these pathways were somehow disrupted. disrupte disruption disrupted مختل شده

disrupted

chain A chain is a long series of connected metal links. Chains are strong and flexible, so they're useful for pulling a heavy load or securing a dangerous animal. The chain that anchors a ship to a dock or secures a warehouse door is just a larger version of the gold chain you wear around your neck — both are made of loops of metal. More figurative types of chains include things that hold you back, like the chains of your responsibility to your family, or connected occurrences — like a chain of events that leads to you meeting your best friend. Usage Examples When I started my journey down the food chains of our society, I wanted to look at things as they really are. The Omnivore's Dilemma If you want to wear your pants down around your knees, with some big old chain dragging them down, a do-rag in your pocket, fine. How It Went Down The young man waited like stone, his gloved right hand grasping the chain that led the bear. Grendel He tugged at the chain around his own wrist, but it, too, held fast. زنجیر،رشته

chain

in the long run در طولانی مدت

in the long run

justice Justice is the quality of being just or fair. Super heroes fight for justice because they want everything to be fair and not let bad guys win. Just ask Wonder Woman, Superman, or any other member of the Justice League. Justice is usually associated with the law. A judge is also known as a justice, and the point of the law is to keep everything in a society fair according to society's rules. Justice (capital "J") is also the statue of a blindfolded woman holding scales and a sword. If something is brought to justice, the good guys have been rewarded and the bad guys punished — the scales are even. Definitions of justice noun the quality of being just or fair synonyms: justness see less Antonyms: injustice, unjustness the practice of being unjust or unfair types: show 4 types... type of: righteousness the quality of adhering to moral principles natural virtue (scholasticism) one of the four virtues (prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance) derived from nature noun judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments see less types: administration, judicature the act of meting out justice according to the law type of: assessment, judgement, judgment the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event noun a public official authorized to decide questions brought before a court of justice synonyms: judge, jurist see less examples: Samson (Old Testament) a judge of Israel who performed herculean feats of strength against the Philistines until he was betrayed to them by his mistress Delilah types: show 14 types... type of: adjudicator a person who studies and settles conflicts and disputes functionary, official a worker who holds or is invested with an office Usage Examples Dr. King's speeches and his life were all about peace and brotherhood, about finding justice. The Rock and the River We were taught that Allah executes justice by working upon the five senses of those who rebel against His Messenger, or against His troth. The Autobiography of Malcolm X I was not denying His existence, but I doubted His absolute justice. Night Affirmative action may be counterproductive in yet another sense: it lends credence to a trickle-down theory of racial justice. عدالت

justice

knock-on effect Definitions of knock on noun (rugby) knocking the ball forward while trying to catch it (a foul) see less type of: play a preset plan of action in team sports Usage Examples I knock on the door to their apartment, and a few moments later I hear Fuchsia's voice. The Benefits of Being an Octopus I knock on the door to his room but don't get any answer. All The Bright Places I knock on the door, and a girl with long black hair answers. All The Bright Places There will be a knock on the door, like the one last night, a band of Peacekeepers to haul me away. تاثیر غیر مستقیم

knock-on effect

tanks to Definitions of take to verb have a fancy or particular liking or desire for synonyms: fancy, go for see more verb develop a habit; apply oneself to a practice or occupation "She took to drink" "Men take to the military trades" Usage Examples: "You will do whatever it takes to help me, right?" The Belles Finally, everyone is taken to a jail next door, run by la migra. Enrique's Journey It was the most useless thing to take to a refugee camp, of course. How Dare the Sun Rise It is true that young rabbits are great migrants and capable of journeying for miles, but they do not take to it readily. مدیون

tanks to

tropics Definitions of tropics noun the part of the Earth's surface between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by a hot climate synonyms: Torrid Zone, tropical zone see less example of: climatic zone any of the geographical zones loosely divided according to prevailing climate and latitude Usage Examples The next day, by divine intervention or the fickle humors of the tropics, the sky broke open and rain poured down. Unbroken They were predestined to emigrate to the tropics, to be miners and acetate silk spinners and steel workers. Brave New World "Sure. Or a coconut, I suppose, if you live in the tropics." I'll Give You the Sun Here in the tropics the days were now growing shorter, and Frightful pointed her beak the wrong way. مناطق گرمسیری

tropics

vanished Definitions of vanished adjective having passed out of existence "vanished civilizations" Synonyms: nonexistent not having existence or being or actuality Usage Examples For sheer sport, the Laughing Man usually went halfway with them, then vanished, often leaving no even faintly credible indication of his escape method. Nine Stories The instant Louise thumped him into a chair and told him to be still, he vanished. Unbroken Fadi stared down at the two plump dumplings smothered in a meat sauce, and his hunger vanished. Shooting Kabul All sympathy for the little people vanished instantly. از بین رفت

vanished

vegetation Use the word vegetation to refer to all plants and trees collectively, typically those in a specific region. The vegetation in your backyard might look very lush and green in the springtime, unless you forget to water it. Vegetation, as well as meaning all plant growth, can refer to the growth process of a plant. The lettuce you planted a couple weeks ago is at an early stage of vegetation. Vegetation can also apply to people — or at least to those in a state of inactivity. Think about how slowly plants grow. It's the same for a person who's in a state of vegetation. You may sometimes enjoy the mindless vegetation of doing nothing at all. Definitions of vegetation noun the process of growth in plants see less type of: development, growing, growth, maturation, ontogenesis, ontogeny (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level noun all the plant life in a particular region or period "Pleistocene vegetation" synonyms: botany, flora see less Antonyms: fauna, zoology all the animal life in a particular region or period types: show 24 types... type of: accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, collection several things grouped together or considered as a whole noun inactivity that is passive and monotonous, comparable to the inactivity of plant life "their holiday was spent in sleep and vegetation" see less type of: dormancy, quiescence, quiescency, sleeping quiet and inactive restfulness noun an abnormal growth or excrescence (especially a warty excrescence on the valves of the heart) see less type of: excrescence (pathology) an abnormal outgrowth or enlargement of some part of the body Usage Examples There was no breeze in the dense vegetation. My Life with the Chimpanzees But if you are lucky, you find the chimps again when you emerge from your battle with the vegetation. My Life with the Chimpanzees On the other side there's another field, a flatter one with less vegetation. Cat's Eye The vegetation beneath the plane quickly became thicker, lusher, higher, more aggressive. پوشش گیاهی

vegetation

as well as همچنین

as well as

associated مرتبطه

associated

caterpillar A caterpillar is a fuzzy, worm-like insect that transforms into a butterfly or a moth. Many caterpillars are striped and colorful. A caterpillar is officially the larva, or immature form, of a flying insect — generally, a butterfly. Because caterpillars are growing rapidly, they tend to eat constantly, and for this reason they're considered pests by gardeners and farmers. The word caterpillar comes from the Old North French caterpilose, literally "shaggy cat," from the Late Latin catta, "cat," and pilosus, "hairy" or "shaggy." Definitions of caterpillar noun a wormlike and often brightly colored and hairy or spiny larva of a butterfly or moth see less types: show 29 types... type of: larva the immature free-living form of most invertebrates and amphibians and fish which at hatching from the egg is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose Usage Examples He said, "I've also got a woolly caterpillar over here. Have you ever raised one of these?" The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate Even little children slapped their friends and stole caterpillars from each other's baskets. The Poisonwood Bible What about the other caterpillars she found on leaves and flowers? The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science And where were the eggs from which the caterpillars hatched? کرم ابریشم

caterpillar

cite To cite something means to do right by whoever said it and give them credit — for instance, if you add a brilliant statement to a paper but you're not the one who originally wrote it, you should cite, or point to, the original author. Using cite with the meaning "to reference" or "to note" is just one of several similar uses. A military or other official report can cite someone for an outstanding act of service, and a legal representative can cite individuals, or summon them, to show up in court. To cite a source when writing or verbally repeating something first spoken by someone else is to give a "citation" or "notation" that gives credit where credit is due. Definitions of cite verb make reference to synonyms: advert, bring up, mention, name, refer see less types: show 10 types... type of: have in mind, mean, think of intend to refer to verb refer to synonyms: reference see less type of: compose, indite, pen, write produce a literary work verb refer to for illustration or proof synonyms: quote quote repeat a passage from see less type of: advert, bring up, mention, name, refer make reference to verb advance evidence for synonyms: abduce, adduce see less type of: bear witness, evidence, prove, show, testify provide evidence for verb repeat a passage from synonyms: quote quote refer to for illustration or proof see more noun a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage synonyms: acknowledgment, citation, credit, mention, quotation, reference see less types: photo credit a note acknowledging the source of a published photograph cross-index, cross-reference a reference at one place in a work to information at another place in the same work type of: annotation, notation, note a comment or instruction (usually added) verb commend "he was cited for his outstanding achievements" synonyms: mention see less type of: acknowledge, notice express recognition of the presence or existence of, or acquaintance with verb call in an official matter, such as to attend court synonyms: summon, summons see less types: vouch summon (a vouchee) into court to warrant or defend a title demand summon to court type of: call, send for order, request, or command to come Usage Examples "Let me cite what all happened this school year alone ..." "Just skip it," my mother said, sounding a little angry like when people at work tick her off. Joey Pigza Swallowed the Key In particular, archaeologists often cite considerably older claimed dates for domesticated plants at Coxcatlan Cave in Mexico, at Guitarrero Cave in Peru, and at some other American sites than the dates given in the table. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies The media was not interested in the story, citing "innocence fatigue." Just Mercy An influential nineteenth-century manual on medical jurisprudence cited the saying "A medical man, when he sees a dead body, should notice everything." اشاره کردن

cite

date back Definitions of date back verb belong to an earlier time "This story dates back 200 years" synonyms: date from, go back see less types: ascend go back in order of genealogical succession type of: initiate, originate, start bring into being Usage Examples These structures were mixed in among buildings that dated back to the American Revolution, most notably Paul Revere's house, a dwelling that was already almost one hundred years old when Revere made it his home. 1919 The Year That Changed America M. Bouc was a Belgian, a director of the Compagnie Internationale des Wagons Lits, and his acquaintance with the former star of the Belgian Police Force dated back many years. Murder on the Orient Express In Mesopotamia, the wheel dates back to at least the time of Sumer. 1491 That hurt, for Frank's friendship with McMillan dated back to the mid-1950s, when they shared many companionable holidays camping and riding with Robert at his ranch in the New Mexico desert. برمیگرده به یک تایمی

date back

debate Another word for formally discuss is debate. Cheese lovers often debate the merits of gorgonzola, triple creme brie, and gouda. Of course, they need to accompany their arguments with a taste test! A debate is a kind of respectful, well reasoned argument over opposing points of view, although tensions can run high and voices can be raised. In fact, the verb evolved from the Old French debatre, meaning "to fight." Most formal debates, during a political campaign for example, keep the battles to a minimum. But if you find yourself in the midst of a debate between a Red Sox fan and a Yankees fan, things could get ugly! Usage Examples I debated whether to leave the movie house. Salt to the Sea In the operating room, the doctors are debating what music to play, just like we were in the car this morning. If I Stay There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. Lord of the Flies I debated following her, but she quickly veered right and vanished into the woods. مناظره

debate

emerges To emerge means to come out into view or come forth. You might hope to emerge from an epic perming session looking like a beauty queen, but chances are it will just look like you got electrocuted. From the Latin emergere, meaning to "rise out or up, bring forth, bring to light," emerge is an intransitive verb that might bring to mind the image of a whale rising up from the depths of the sea, or of a person popping out from a dark corner to spook you. Appear and peep are synonyms, while dip and sink are antonyms. Usage Examples Eventually we emerged from the forest, and the road became a path leading up a vast lawn to a huge manor house. The Name of the Wind Scipio and Mosca looked amazed when he emerged from the confessional with his find. The Thief Lord You just sit and look and look and look for thousands of hours until the order in the material begins to emerge. The Tipping Point Within moments the man emerged from the dark, a gun in his hand. ظهور می کند

emerges

exceeds Definitions of exceed verb be or do something to a greater degree "This exceeds all my expectations" synonyms: outdo, outgo, outmatch, outperform, outstrip, surmount, surpass see less types: show 20 types... type of: beat, beat out, crush, shell, trounce, vanquish come out better in a competition, race, or conflict verb be superior or better than some standard "She exceeded our expectations" synonyms: go past, overstep, pass, top, transcend see less type of: excel, stand out, surpass distinguish oneself verb be greater in scope or size than some standard "Their loyalty exceeds their national bonds" synonyms: surpass, transcend see less types: overgrow grow too large exceed means to: transfer rend top intimate Usage Examples: Whereas chiefdoms' populations range from a few thousand to a few tens of thousands, the populations of most modern states exceed one million, and China's exceeds one billion. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies In study upon study, the concordance among identical twins exceeded that of fraternal twins so strikingly that it was impossible to deny a genetic cause. The Gene Because technology begets more technology, the importance of an invention's diffusion potentially exceeds the importance of the original invention. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies I saw two extraordinary novelties, grandeur competing with splendor and the populace striving to exceed their city. Circumference Word Family: exceeding exceedingly excessive بیشتر شدن

exceeds

fertilised Definitions of fertiliser noun any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile synonyms: fertilizer, plant food see less types: show 6 types... type of: chemical, chemical substance material produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules Usage Examples It is legally used as an explosive, a fertiliser, a pesticide and a dye. The GuardianJul 21, 2020 Even the contents of the stomach are saved for fertiliser. The GuardianApr 16, 2010 Nearly 300 plastic sacks, originally used for wheat or fertiliser, were filled with paper and then virtually smuggled back to Kabul, nestled among commercial shipments. The GuardianMar 26, 2013 In the 1940s, they were used for fertiliser. بارور

fertilised

fireflies Definitions of firefly noun tropical American click beetle having bright luminous spots synonyms: Pyrophorus noctiluca, fire beetle see less type of: elater, elaterid, elaterid beetle any of various widely distributed beetles noun nocturnal beetle common in warm regions having luminescent abdominal organs synonyms: lightning bug see less types: glowworm the luminous larva or wingless grub-like female of a firefly type of: beetle insect having biting mouthparts and front wings modified to form horny covers overlying the membranous rear wings کرم شب تاپ

fireflies

get rid of To get rid of something is to throw it away or otherwise dispose of it. You may need to get rid of the garbage stinking up your kitchen, or you may need to get rid of your annoying neighbor during your backyard BBQ. When you get rid of clothes that don't fit you, you might give them to a friend or donate them to a charity. If you have to get rid of your guinea pig, you'll want to find her a new home or take her to the local shelter. Sometimes get rid of is used to mean "kill" or "abolish," the way a gangster gets rid of an enemy or a senator gets rid of an archaic law. Definitions of get rid of verb dispose of "Get rid of these old shoes!" "The company got rid of all the dead wood" synonyms: remove see less types: show 41 types... verb do away with synonyms: abolish see less Antonyms: establish, found, launch, set up set up or found types: cashier discard or do away with abrogate revoke formally verb terminate, end, or take out synonyms: do away with, eliminate, extinguish see less types: show 14 types... type of: destroy, destruct do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of Usage Examples he press was glad to get rid of me that day. The Autobiography of Malcolm X She couldn't get rid of the feeling that Manny was in serious trouble and it was somehow her fault. Shadowshaper I dropped about a thousand hints, but I couldn't get rid of him. The Catcher in the Rye In the four years that followed, Dad got rid of the telephone and chose not to renew his license to drive. Word Family get rid of got rid of رها شدن

get rid of

gets the better Definitions of get the better of verb win a victory over "Her anger got the better of her and she blew up" synonyms: defeat, overcome Usage Examples I couldn't afford to miss anything in calculus so close to the final, but my curiosity got the better of me. From Twinkle, with Love Harry hesitated, thinking ... and then his curiosity got the better of him. Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire "No one got the better of her, never, never," she said. Rebecca Uncle Andrew's temper at last got the better of his fears. غلبه کردن

gets the better

handicap A mental or physical disadvantage, such as blindness or a missing leg, is a handicap: something that disables you in some way. Handicaps can also be imposed artificially to even out the odds in sporting events. A sporting handicap might be a faster horse carrying an extra weight, or a better golfer having a few strokes added to her score to make things more competitive. Sometimes fate imposes a handicap, as when bad weather handicaps your travel plans, or a strike handicaps the subway system. Handicap comes from the term hand in cap, an ancient British practice in which two bettors placed their money into a hat held by a neutral third party before a bet. Usage Examples He led the way, and Kira, strong despite her handicap, trudged after him. Messenger He enunciated every syllable, as if he were talking to someone mentally handicapped. Twilight Even research men suffer from the handicap of inadequate methods of detecting the beginnings of injury. Silent Spring I see Pop parked in the handicap zone. نقص

handicap

have found themselves آنها متوجه خودشون شدند

have found themselves

implement Apply the noun implement when you want to use a fancy word for "tool." A knife and fork are implements for handling food. The noun implement is a very useful word for just about anything you want to describe as a tool or a thing that helps you do something. An implement can be as simple as chimpanzees using a stick to eat ants with or a bulldozer that moves huge amounts of earth in building. The word relates to something that "fills up" a house, as in all sorts of things that allow a house to work properly. Definitions of implement noun instrumentation (a piece of equipment or tool) used to effect an end see less types: show 182 types... type of: instrumentality, instrumentation an artifact (or system of artifacts) that is instrumental in accomplishing some end verb apply in a manner consistent with its purpose or design "implement a procedure" see less type of: apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose verb pursue to a conclusion or bring to a successful issue "He implemented a new economic plan" synonyms: carry out, follow out, follow through, follow up, go through, put through accomplish, action, carry out, carry through, execute, fulfil, fulfill put in effect see less types: adhere follow through or carry out a plan without deviation type of: complete, finish come or bring to a finish or an end verb ensure observance of laws and rules synonyms: apply, enforce see less Antonyms: exempt, free, relieve grant relief or an exemption from a rule or requirement to types: show 4 types... type of: compel, obligate, oblige force somebody to do something Usage Examples The conservative philosophy, by contrast, attracted wide support and was implemented in various contexts over a considerable period of time. The New Jim Crow It was only a matter of time before Ava implemented the next stage of her scheme. The Underground Railroad: A Novel We turned to see the men from the pub running toward us, armed with wooden clubs and farm implements. Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children Unsurprisingly, people with stone implements wanted metal tools as soon as they encountered them—the prospective reduction in workload was staggering. به کارگیری

implement

inhabitants Someone who usually lives in a specific place — whether it's a mansion, a cave, or a beach house — is its inhabitant. The old man who lives in the scary house down the street is its inhabitant, and the skunk that built a nest under your porch is — unfortunately — an inhabitant of your front yard. The noun inhabitant comes from the verb inhabit, or "to live in," which in turn is rooted in the Latin word inhabitare, "to dwell in or to live in." Definitions of inhabitant noun a person who inhabits a particular place synonyms: denizen, dweller, habitant, indweller see less examples: show 19 examples... types: show 235 types... type of: individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul a human being Usage Examples Not that the inhabitants would tolerate such an opinion— perhaps rightly. In Cold Blood The rattle of the cart wheels and the woodcutter's curses roused the inhabitants of the huts, who gradually emerged from their doorways. The House of the Spirits: A Novel In every other province that the Romans entered, the native inhabitants brought them in. The Prince Over and over again the inhabitants of the Lane heard him say, as he rolled past Miss Lark's mansion: "Blast my gizzard! What does she want with a house like that?" ساکنان

inhabitants

insights When you have an insight, you have a feeling or emotion or thought that helps you to know something essential about a person or thing. Insight isn't based on hard facts or evidence. And it doesn't have anything to do with using your senses such as sight or smell. When you gain insight, you are using your intuition, or sixth sense. Insight is formed from the prefix in- plus the English word sight, so this word literally means seeing inward. Definitions of insight Definitions of insight noun clear or deep perception of a situation synonyms: penetration see less type of: perception knowledge gained by perceiving noun the clear (and often sudden) understanding of a complex situation synonyms: brainstorm, brainwave see less types: show 4 types... type of: apprehension, discernment, savvy, understanding the cognitive condition of someone who understands noun a feeling of understanding synonyms: perceptiveness, perceptivity see less type of: sensibility refined sensitivity to pleasurable or painful impressions noun grasping the inner nature of things intuitively synonyms: sixth sense see less type of: intuition instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) Usage Examples Buried in textbooks and scientific papers, these insights would be ignored by powerful political forces that would soon embark on the most perverse forms of human genetic manipulations. The Gene This was a key insight, since the shape of a protein molecule is vital to its activity in the machinery of the cell. The Scientists Gautama's insight was that no matter what the mind experiences, it usually reacts with craving, and craving always involves dissatisfaction. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind The insight, which would be implemented in an accelerator known as the synchrotron, was a breakthrough on a par with Lawrence's own recognition of the cyclotron principle. بینش

insights

insomnia A person who has trouble falling or staying asleep is suffering from insomnia. If after a hot bath, a glass of warm milk, and hours of counting sheep, you still find yourself lying wide awake in bed, it's time to admit you have insomnia. There's no cure for insomnia, but people with insomnia are advised to go to bed at the same time every night and to try to avoid stress. The noun insomnia was borrowed from Latin insomnis "sleepless," from the prefix in-, "not," plus somnus, "sleep." Somnus is actually related to Greek hypnos "sleep," the source of English words such as hypnosis and hypnotic. Definitions of insomnia noun an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness see less Antonyms: hypersomnia an inability to stay awake type of: sleep disorder a disturbance of the normal sleep pattern Usage Examples They were originally concocted by Chandresh on a whim, brought about by a combination of chronic insomnia and keeping theatrical hours, along with an innate dislike of proper dinner-party etiquette. The Night Circus Soon after the party returned to Chislehurst, however, Olmsted's health degraded and insomnia again shattered his nights. The Devil in the White City I hate this, hate insomnia more than anything, just lying there, brain going round, tick, tick, tick, tick. The Girl on the Train The bonds that linked him to José Arcadio were so strong that he would accompany him in his asthmatic insomnia, without speaking, strolling through the house with him in the darkness. بیخوابی

insomnia

introduced To introduce something is to bring something new to a situation. If your roommate never cleans up after herself, you might try to introduce some new housekeeping policies. Or, introduce yourself to someone who is looking for a new roommate. Introduce has a number of related meanings. It's often used when bringing people together for the first time, as when a talk show host introduces a guest to the audience, or when you introduce a new girlfriend or boyfriend to your parents. Introduce comes from the prefix intro-, meaning "into," and the Latin word ducere, meaning "lead" — just as you may have to lead (or drag) your new sweetheart in to meet your parents Usage Examples Who introduced the idea of zero to the Western world?" The Inquisitor's Tale He practically lifts Elizabeth off the ground in greeting and shakes hands so enthusiastically while being introduced to Bailey that his fingers are sore afterward. The Night Circus I try to keep up, but I quickly introduce myself to the girl sitting next to me as the other students get up from their seats and leave the classroom. American Street His name was Burden; he was a tall, brown, stooped man and when I was introduced to him I rose and shook his hand. introduce introduced introduction معرفی کرد

introduced

inverted Definitions of inverted adjective being in such a position that top and bottom are reversed "a quotation mark is sometimes called an inverted comma" synonyms: upside-down turned moved around an axis or center adjective (of a plant ovule) completely inverted; turned back 180 degrees on its stalk synonyms: anatropous see less Antonyms: amphitropous (of a plant ovule) partly inverted; turned back 90 degrees on its stalk Usage Examples he put this word into inverted commas by making the wiggly quotation sign with her first and second fingers. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time I inverted the linings in my other pocket. The Rock and the River Bending at the waist, he takes a dramatic, inverted bow. The Night Circus Hungry Joe's inverted set of responses was a curious phenomenon to everyone but Hungry Joe, who denied the whole thing stubbornly. word family inverted inversions معکوس

inverted

investigate To investigate is to look into something systematically. If you don't understand how tornadoes work, for example, investigate the forces of wind and find out. Investigate still acts a lot like the word it comes from, investigationem meaning "a searching into," which came from the Latin for "to track a footprint." It's exactly what you do when you investigate. You can investigate in the name of science, which is to look into something systematically, like when you research how tornadoes work. If you investigate a person, you find out everything you can — and you might need to hire a private eye for help. Definitions of investigate verb conduct an inquiry or investigation of "The district attorney's office investigated reports of possible irregularities" synonyms: enquire, inquire see less types: spy secretly collect sensitive or classified information; engage in espionage type of: examine, probe question or examine thoroughly and closely verb investigate scientifically "Let's investigate the syntax of Chinese" synonyms: look into see less types: show 17 types... type of: analyse, analyze, canvas, canvass, delve, examine, parse, study consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning Usage Examples If everything in the universe depends on everything else in a fundamental way, it might be impossible to get close to a full solution by investigating parts of the problem in isolation. A Brief History of Time: And Other Essays In short, the Department of Agriculture embarked on its program without even elementary investigation of what was already known about the chemical to be used — or if it investigated, it ignored the findings. Silent Spring The cops investigated, but neither Don Little nor anyone else ever said a word about what everyone assumed to be true. Boy21 When Monod investigated this pause, he discovered an unusual phenomenon. تحقیق کردن

investigate

narrow a specialisation If you have a specialization, that means you focus on a specific aspect of a larger topic. If you're a nurse, your specialization might be pediatric care, which means you focus on providing care to infants and children. You probably notice that the word special makes up a big part of specialization, which can help you remember its meaning. Your specialization is your special subject or skill. If you're planning on studying biology in college, your advisor eventually will ask what your area of specialization will be. When you graduate, you'll know a lot about biology in general, but there'll be a particular area — such as marine biology or rodent reproduction — that you studied deeply. محدود کردن در یک تخصص

narrow a specialisation

off دور

off

out of the question Something that's out of the question is not going to happen — there's not any reason to even discuss it. You could tell your younger sister that her borrowing your car is completely out of the question. Using the phrase out of the question is a good way to put an end to a conversation. When something's described this way, it's extremely unlikely to happen. Scuba diving without an oxygen tank is out of the question, and driving across the country on one tank of gas is out of the question — these things are impossible. If your roommate says adopting a Great Dane is out of the question, it means she's not even willing to consider the possibility. Definitions of out of the question adjective totally unlikely synonyms: impossible, inconceivable, unimaginable unthinkable incapable of being conceived or considered Usage Examples Wearing the watch to work was out of the question, of course. The Glass Castle Staying in Michigan is out of the question. X: A Novel "I'm riot staying here. It's out of the question. It may all look different tomorrow, but right now..." The Thief Lord Letting Cory in on our full plan was out of the question. بدیهی

out of the question

paralysed Someone who's paralyzed can't move. Some accidents and illnesses can cause paralyzed muscles, and some emotional traumas may make you feel paralyzed to move on with your life. A car crash can leave a driver paralyzed, while a stroke might result in a paralyzed left arm and difficulty speaking. This adjective can also describe something (other than a person's body) that's halted or frozen, like a paralyzed subway system during a hurricane. You can also be figuratively paralyzed, by fear or indecision for example: "She stood, paralyzed, in the hallway, afraid to go in." Definitions of paralyzed adjective affected with paralysis synonyms: paralytic ill, sick affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function Usage Examples They were smoky-hued and unblinking, as if the eyelids were paralyzed. Where the Red Fern Grows I was paralyzed for a second, unsure of what to do. Ready Player One: A Novel "The left side is paralyzed. The right side partly. Probably there is no sight in the left eye, but we can't determine that. In other words, your father is nearly helpless." East of Eden His mouth opened in a silent scream and his body became hotly paralyzed. فلج شده

paralysed

proved adjective established beyond doubt synonyms: proven established shown to be valid beyond a reasonable doubt evidenced supported by evidence tested, tried, well-tried tested and proved useful or correct verified proved to be true see less Antonyms: unproved, unproven not proved Usage Examples June 11, 1963, three months before the church bombing, proved a typical sweltering summer day in Alabama. While the World Watched: A Birmingham Bombing Survivor Comes of Age during the Civil Rights Movement Squirrels proved to be a virtually irresistible source of provocation. The Incorrigible Children of Ashton Place: Book I: The Mysterious Howling I visited a re-creation of the Revenge of the Nerds house on the planet Skolnick and spent a day searching it, but it proved to be a dead end. Ready Player One: A Novel In fact, he knew that his very presence in a maximum-security prison likely proved his guilt in the minds of all who worked at the facility. ثابت کردن

proved

provisions If you are going camping, you want to be sure to pack some provisions, meaning food and drink or any other necessary supplies. Water, energy bars, and granola are all good choices. Provisions is from the Latin word provisionem, meaning preparation. If you are going on the camping trip, you'll want to make sure that you have all your provisions ready to go ahead of time. American pioneers heading cross country on wagon trains were very careful in figuring out the provisions they wanted to bring--they had to carry food to last them a year. Definitions of provisions noun a stock or supply of foods synonyms: commissariat, provender, viands, victuals see less types: food cache food in a secure or hidden storage place larder a supply of food especially for a household type of: food, nutrient any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue Usage Examples All told, more than a thousand Cherokee homes were laid waste during that winter and some fifty thousand bushels of corn and other provisions either burned or looted. An Indigenous People's History of the United States Even if that meant getting someone else to furnish the provisions. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings "We'll provide you with fresh mounts and provisions," her brother promised. A Clash of Kings There were demigod provisions, tod— bronze javelin tips, a quiver full of arrows, an extra sword, and a box of ambrosia. تدارکات

provisions

pupil A pupil is an old-fashioned word for a young person attending school, or it can be that black dot in the center of your eye's iris. As a pupil, your pupils may dilate when your teacher dims the lights. If you are a pupil, you are a learner enrolled in an educational institution. As a pupil, you have mastered the act of looking interested while thinking about the beach. Your pupil is also the aperture or opening in the center of your eye that looks like a big black dot. Dilating pupils are a very subtle sign that you are interested, lying, or pretending — or just trying to see in poor lighting. Definitions of pupil noun a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution synonyms: educatee, student see less types: show 24 types... type of: enrollee a person who enrolls in (or is enrolled in) a class or course of study noun a young person attending school (up through senior high school) synonyms: school-age child, schoolchild see less types: show 6 types... type of: spring chicken, young person, younker, youth a young person (especially a young man or boy) noun the contractile aperture in the center of the iris of the eye; resembles a large black dot see less type of: aperture a natural opening in something Usage Examples Dri put her thumb tips to my eyelids and lifted them and leaned close to look into my pupils. Adrift At times her pupils were dilated and she moved slowly, but she continued working in the hospital. The House of the Spirits: A Novel Astrid stares at me, her pupils dilated, tears brimming over at the edges. The Belles I will learn from myself, be my own pupil; I will learn from myself the secret of Siddhartha شاگرد

pupil

reduction Reduction is the act of cutting back or making smaller, like the reduction of a school budget that makes it necessary to eliminate art and music programs. The process of reducing something is reduction, or making it smaller. You can talk about a reduction of sugar in someone's diet or a reduction of prices at your favorite shoe store. In math, reduction means bringing fractions to their lowest common denominators. And, in cooking, a reduction is a thick sauce that's made by boiling away most of the liquid, or reducing it to its concentrated essence. Usage Examples The telltale sign would be a reduction of ammonia in the blood. The Gene I'm trying to negotiate a 20 percent price reduction with the fitting room lady when—rotten luck!—Howard shows up and announces that there are no reductions and no employee discounts on clearanced items. Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America Once they hauled the cargo upstairs to their lab, they let it cool for a week before beginning the tedious process of reduction, oxidation, precipitation, and extraction. Big Science She was also smiling — rather nervously, it was true — but the reduction in the size of her front teeth was more noticeable than ever; Harry couldn't understand how he hadn't spotted it before. word family: reduce reduced reduction کاهش

reduction

regenerated Starfish are famous for their ability to regenerate, or regrow, a lost arm. Anything that revives in this magical way can be said to regenerate. While the verb regenerate can literally mean "produce anew," it can also describe what happens when something is fixed up, made "like new." An argument that's often made for bringing a new company, sports complex, casino, or other enterprise to a depressed area is that it will regenerate the town economically, bringing it back to life. In Latin, regeneratio means "being born again." Usage Examples Next season the cane will regenerate, a vegetal mystery, and she will return to cut it again. Dreaming in Cuban I wipe it away quickly, but it regenerates. Leah on the Offbeat For the first time in his life he did not despise the proles or think of them merely as an inert force which would one day spring to life and regenerate the world. 1984 Japan's high rainfall also ensures that its forest regenerates quickly after logging. بازسازی شده

regenerated

regulation If you declare that Fridays are Pajama Day, did you create a regulation? No. A regulation is a rule put in place by some authority, such as a government. In fact, there might already be a regulation on the books: No pajamas in school. If you're trying to remember what a regulation is, think about the phrase "rules and regulations." Regulations are often set by governing bodies of a sport or other activity — thus, there is an accepted regulation-size soccer ball, set by FIFA, professional soccer's governing body. Many government agencies are in charge of "regulating" industries, setting up regulations that companies need to follow to keep us all safe. Definitions of regulation noun the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular synonyms: regularisation, regularization see less type of: control the activity of managing or exerting control over something noun the act of controlling or directing according to rule "fiscal regulations are in the hands of politicians" synonyms: regulating see less types: show 11 types... type of: control the activity of managing or exerting control over something noun an authoritative rule synonyms: ordinance see less types: show 4 types... type of: prescript, rule prescribed guide for conduct or action noun a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior "short haircuts were the regulation" synonyms: rule see less types: show 7 types... type of: concept, conception, construct an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances noun the state of being controlled or governed see less type of: ascendance, ascendancy, ascendence, ascendency, control, dominance the state that exists when one person or group has power over another adjective prescribed by or according to regulation "regulation army equipment" Synonyms: standard conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind noun (embryology) the ability of an early embryo to continue normal development after its structure has been somehow damaged or altered see less type of: biological process, organic process a process occurring in living organisms Usage Examples She couldn't even remember why she'd thought the regulations important enough to bother with. Lyddie He was required by Army regulations to show up for work at eight o'clock in the morning, but he usually drifted in around ten o'clock, and then worked until all hours of the night. The Hot Zone In a soft voice she explained how he'd been under some pressure lately to join the other watermen in a protest against the state's new crabbing regulations. Red Kayak Since tissues connected to their donors' names are subject to strict regulation under the Common Rule, samples are no longer named using donor initials as Henrietta's cells were; today they're usually identified by code numbers. کنترل

regulation

scarcity If there is a cupcake scarcity in your kitchen, there are hardly any cupcakes around, and you're not sure that any will be appearing any time soon. The noun scarcity comes from the adjective scarce, which means "restricted in quantity or availability." So scarcity is the state of there being very little of something. During a war when shipping gets interrupted, there might be a fuel scarcity, pushing people to carpool or ride bikes instead of driving. If you're in a room full of super boring people, you might say there's a scarcity of good conversation. noun a small and inadequate amount synonyms: scarceness see less Antonyms: abundance, copiousness, teemingness the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply types: dearth, paucity an insufficient quantity or number infrequency, rareness, rarity noteworthy scarcity type of: deficiency, inadequacy, insufficiency lack of an adequate quantity or number The opposite of scarcity is: valance insensitivity abundance morbidity Usage Examples: Considering the number of such devices that are in use, and the scarcity of warnings such as this, do we need to wonder why our public waters are contaminated? Silent Spring There was, for instance, a scarcity of hope on Middlesex, where his wife no longer felt any stirrings in her spiritual umbilicus. Middlesex: A Novel She grew restless, seemed troubled and anxious at the scarcity of words exchanged in the house. Hunger of Memory With so much to see, I was content to ramble on, pausing to look at whatever took my interest, of which there was no scarcity. Crispin: The Cross of Lead Word Family scarce scarcely کمبود

scarcity

sculptor noun an artist who creates sculptures synonyms: carver, sculpturer, statue maker see less examples: show 31 examples... types: sculptress a woman sculptor type of: artist, creative person a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination purportedly means : honorably allegedly cunningly reluctantly Usage Examples When you added them all up and then subtracted, you might be left with only the children, and perhaps with Albert Einstein and an old violinist or sculptor somewhere. Catch-22 But after seeing that sculptor sketch, my eyes got swapped again. I'll Give You the Sun It is a subtractive process that starts with a solid block, usually stone, which is highly resistant to the sculptor's chisel. History of Art, Volume 1 Here in the shop only great sarcophagi were built, and blocks of stone roughhewn to size, ready for the sculptors. Word Family sculptor sculptors sculpture sculptures sculpted مجسمه ساز

sculptor

seeking Definitions of seeking noun the act of searching for something synonyms: quest see less type of: hunt, hunting, search the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone noun an attempt to acquire or gain something see less type of: attempt, effort, endeavor, endeavour, try earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something Usage Examples Do what you will," he said, "but you are seeking your own destruction." Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes In anterooms just inside the halls, more Fruit of Islam men and white-gowned, veiled mature Muslim sisters thoroughly searched every man, woman, and child seeking to enter. The Autobiography of Malcolm X "Mr. Cullen?" the teacher called, seeking the answer to a question that I hadn't heard. Twilight That sound—the swift, shocking report of gunfire—called the scattered, irascible, permanently seeking part of his mind into focus like nothing else. به دنبال

seeking

snails A snail is a small mollusk with a spiral-shaped shell. Snails are famous for moving very slowly, and for leaving a trail of slime behind them. If you see snails on a restaurant menu, they're more likely to be listed as escargot, or "edible snail" in French. There are three general categories of snails: land snails, sea snails, and freshwater snails. They all have shells that they can retreat within—without a shell, a similar animal is instead called a slug. Snail can be traced back to the diminutive form of the Old English snaca, "snake" or "creeping thing." Definitions of snail noun freshwater or marine or terrestrial gastropod mollusk usually having an external enclosing spiral shell see less types: show 5 types... type of: gastropod, univalve a class of mollusks typically having a one-piece coiled shell and flattened muscular foot with a head bearing stalked eyes noun edible terrestrial snail usually served in the shell with a sauce of melted butter and garlic synonyms: escargot see less type of: meat the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food verb gather snails "We went snailing in the summer" see less types: whelk gather whelk type of: collect, garner, gather, pull together assemble or get together Usage Examples And Western Biological sells bugs and snails and spiders, and rattlesnakes, and rats, and honey bees and gila monsters. Cannery Row He'd slowed me down till we were walking at an absolute snail's pace. The Poisonwood Bible "I asked my stylist to use this new snail slime treatment I read about in Vogue. They only use it in Japan right now, but..." From Twinkle, with Love A sentence Etienne once read aloud returns: Even the heart, which in higher animals, when agitated, pulsates with increased energy, in the snail under similar excitement, throbs with a slower motion حلزون

snails

snowmobile Definitions of snowmobile noun tracked vehicle for travel on snow having skis in front see less types: Sno-cat a kind of snowmobile type of: tracked vehicle a self-propelled vehicle that moves on tracks verb ride a snowmobile see less type of: ride be carried or travel on or in a vehicle Usage Examples And he was always brandishing an oversize plasma rifle the size of a snowmobile. Ready Player One: A Novel Dog teams barked from both ends of town, and although she knew there were snowmobiles, the village was essentially a sled-dog town—an old-fashioned Eskimo settlement. Julie of the Wolves Once, when he was seven years old and his family lived near Milwaukee, a drunken hunter drove a snowmobile full-speed into an old birch tree. Hoot Once we arrive at the lake's public boat launch, Mr. Groves scoots up the snow-covered boat ramp on his snowmobile, says hello, and ferries us one-by-one to the fishing spot. ماشین برف روب

snowmobile

sound good

sound

substitute Something or someone that takes the place of another is said to be a substitute. You may be sent into a game as a substitute for an injured player, or you might substitute chocolate chips for blueberries in a pancake recipe. Substitute can be used as an adjective to describe something or someone that takes the place of another. Teenagers are notoriously hard on substitute teachers, sometimes giving them fake names or wrong information about classroom work. Substitute can also be used as a verb. So if you are asked to substitute for a teacher, you probably shouldn't believe everything the students tell you! Usage Examples substitute substituted بستری

substitute

surprising Surprising things are completely unexpected—they astonish or startle you. It would be surprising for most of us to get a phone call from the Queen of England. Unless you suspected your friend was planning something, the surprise party she throws for your birthday will be surprising. Things that are surprising take you aback or even confuse you a little bit. The adjective surprising comes from surprise, via the Old French sorprendre, "to overtake or seize." The original meaning of surprise party was a stealth military action. Definitions of surprising adjective causing surprise or wonder or amazement "the report shows a surprising lack of hard factual data" "leaped up with surprising agility" "she earned a surprising amount of money" Synonyms: unexpected not expected or anticipated amazing, astonishing surprising greatly startling so remarkably different or sudden as to cause momentary shock or alarm stunning causing great astonishment and consternation see less Antonyms: unsurprising not causing surprise Usage Examples It was hardly surprising then that we assumed the woods would be central in the plot to abduct Miss Geraldine. Never Let Me Go "It just seems surprising," Eleanor said, feeling the man looking at her. The Haunting of Hill House It shouldn't be surprising to learn that elderly people are not very criminally intent; the average sixty-five-year- old is about one-fiftieth as likely to be arrested as the average teenager. Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything Hugo's fingers were capable of the most surprising things. surprising سورپرایزکنند surprised سورپرایز شده

surprising

swallows When you swallow food or liquid is pushed from your mouth to the esophagus. Chew your food well before you swallow it. As a verb, swallow means "to enclose or envelop completely," like quicksand that swallows everything that falls into it. Swallow can also mean "to stop from expressing," like when you swallow your pride and ask for help. The noun swallow describes a gulp, though you don't always do it for digestion; sometimes a few swallows of air help you keep from crying. A swallow is also a type of small songbird. Usage Examples A clean rock would be about the same to him, only the little fool would swallow it. The Heart is a Lonely Hunter Every swallow brought another look, each one more amused than the last. We'll Fly Away He took another beer from Harley's hand and swallowed until the bottle was empty. Ceremony: She chewed, swallowed, then pointed her fork at Becca and asked, "But if aliens do find it, won't they need a record player to play it on?" swallow swallowed قورت دادن

swallows

unprecedeted Something that is unprecedented is not known, experienced, or done before. If you've never gone on a family beach vacation but you're planning one now, you could refer to it as an unprecedented decision. The root of this word is precedent, a noun referring to something done or said that is used as an example to be followed in the future. In law, a precedent is a legal decision that is used as a standard in future cases. So the adjective unprecedented, meaning "having no precedent," was formed from the prefix un- "not," the noun precedent, and the suffix -ed "having." Definitions of unprecedented adjective having no precedent; novel "an unprecedented expansion in population and industry" Synonyms: new, unexampled having no previous example or precedent or parallel see less Antonyms: precedented having or supported or justified by a precedent Usage Examples The port bottle was still a good thirty minutes away, but then Granddaddy did something unprecedented in the entire History of Dinner: He left before the port. The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate The tragedy of the war, on so many levels, and the apparent unravelling of the certainties of the previous century, elicited an unprecedented collective response from British composers. The Story of Music They bought up advance seats at an unprecedented pace, packed into special trains, and crammed into the track in record numbers to see the horse they called "the Great Traveler." Seabiscuit: An American Legend He would later study attention with unprecedented precision. بی سابقه

unprecedeted

unsopnisticated Definitions of unsophisticated adjective not wise in the ways of the world "either too unsophisticated or too honest to promise more than he could deliver" synonyms: unworldly naif, naive marked by or showing unaffected simplicity and lack of guile or worldly experience adjective awkwardly simple and provincial "the nightlife of Montmartre awed the unsophisticated tourists" synonyms: bumpkinly, hick, rustic provincial characteristic of the provinces or their people adjective lacking complexity "an unsophisticated machine" synonyms: uncomplicated simple having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved Usage Examples We were agrarian, unsophisticated, industrious people, Jews and Christians alike, whose lives revolved around family, our religious calendars, and the seasons of sowing and reaping. The Boy on the Wooden Box The police were unsophisticated in the Transkei, and from the moment I left the boardinghouse, they followed me everywhere I went. Long Walk to Freedom I wanted to be a jíbara more than anything in the world, but Mami said I couldn't because I was born in the city, where jíbaros were mocked for their unsophisticated customs and peculiar dialect. When I Was Puerto Rican By the standards of today, crater research in the early 1900s was a trifle unsophisticated, to say the least. ساده لوح

unsopnisticated

up to تا

up to

arose به وجود آمد

arose

appeal Definitions of appeal noun earnest or urgent request "an appeal for help" "an appeal to the public to keep calm" synonyms: entreaty, prayer see less types: show 11 types... type of: asking, request the verbal act of requesting noun request for a sum of money "an appeal to raise money for starving children" synonyms: collection, ingathering, solicitation see less types: whip-round (British) solicitation of money usually for a benevolent purpose type of: petition, postulation, request a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority verb request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection "appeal to somebody for help" synonyms: invoke see less types: show 4 types... type of: bespeak, call for, quest, request express the need or desire for; ask for noun (law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial "their appeal was denied in the superior court" see less type of: legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked verb take a court case to a higher court for review "He was found guilty but appealed immediately" see less type of: challenge issue a challenge to verb challenge (a decision) "She appealed the verdict" see less type of: challenge, take exception raise a formal objection in a court of law verb cite as an authority; resort to "I appealed to the law of 1900" synonyms: invoke see less type of: advert, bring up, cite, mention, name, refer make reference to noun attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates "his smile was part of his appeal to her" synonyms: appealingness, charm see less types: siren call, siren song the enticing appeal of something alluring but potentially dangerous winsomeness childlike charm or appeal type of: attractiveness sexual allure verb be attractive to "The idea of a vacation appeals to me" synonyms: attract see less Antonyms: repel, repulse be repellent to; cause aversion in types: show 4 types... noun (rhetoric) a method or mode of persuasion see less type of: persuasion, suasion the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action Usage Examples —Agent K Another extraordinarily common, effective persuasive appeal in logos is analogy. Words Like Loaded Pistols In fact, all of Washington's conservative message was immensely popular with whites, and not by coincidence, for his every public utterance was carefully crafted to appeal to two audiences. The Best of Enemies "I like poker myself—of course, it's rather a vulgar game, and no fun at all with two—but still, there's a certain random element in it which appeals to me." The Secret History Resentment, frustration, and anger expressed by poor and working-class whites was chalked up to racism, leading to a subterranean discourse about race and to implicitly racial political appeals, but little honest dialogue. apeals appeal جذابیت

appeal

aim to هدف قراردادن

aim to

corrupt If someone or something is corrupt, they're broken morally or in some other way. Corrupt people perform immoral or illegal acts for personal gain, without apology. Corrupt politicians take bribes and deny it. When you corrupt someone, you convince them to do something wrong or even illegal. If you talk your little brother into stealing cookies from the cookie jar, you're corrupting him. Something corrupt is rotten, spoiled, or out of commission, like a file that makes your computer crash. A corrupt person — a criminal, a crook, or a cookie thief — brings society down with immoral and dishonest behavior. Corrupt goes back to the Latin roots cor-, "altogether," and rumpere, "break." Definitions of corrupt adjective not straight; dishonest or immoral or evasive synonyms: crooked dishonest, dishonorable deceptive or fraudulent; disposed to cheat or defraud or deceive unlawful contrary to or prohibited by or defiant of law sneaky, underhand, underhanded marked by deception see more adjective lacking in integrity "humanity they knew to be corrupt...from the day of Adam's creation" "a corrupt and incompetent city government" Synonyms: corrupted, debased, vitiated ruined in character or quality bribable, corruptible, dishonest, purchasable, venal capable of being corrupted depraved, perverse, perverted, reprobate deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good dirty, sordid unethical or dishonest Praetorian, Pretorian characteristic of or similar to the corruptible soldiers in the Praetorian Guard with respect to corruption or political venality putrid morally corrupt or evil sold-out having taken a bribe or bribes immoral deliberately violating accepted principles of right and wrong see more adjective touched by rot or decay "` corrupt' is archaic" synonyms: tainted stale lacking freshness, palatability, or showing deterioration from age verb corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality "Socrates was accused of corrupting young men" "corrupt the morals" synonyms: debase, debauch, demoralise, demoralize, deprave, misdirect, pervert, profane, subvert, vitiate see less types: show 6 types... type of: alter, change, modify cause to change; make different; cause a transformation verb place under suspicion or cast doubt upon synonyms: cloud, defile, sully, taint see less type of: deflower, impair, mar, spoil, vitiate make imperfect verb make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence synonyms: bribe, buy, grease one's palms see less types: sop give a conciliatory gift or bribe to buy off, pay off pay someone with influence in order to receive a favor type of: pay give money, usually in exchange for goods or services adjective containing errors or alterations "a corrupt text" synonyms: corrupted imperfect not perfect; defective or inadequate verb alter from the original synonyms: spoil see less types: adulterate, debase, dilute, load, stretch corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance; often by replacing valuable ingredients with inferior ones water down thin by adding water to doctor, doctor up, sophisticate alter and make impure, as with the intention to deceive type of: modify make less severe or harsh or extreme Usage Examples "She was the product of a corrupt system, and because of that, was denied her very life—as I almost was." Scythe Then God spoke to Noah, the great-grandson of Enoch, instructing him to save his family and the animals from the great flood that would cleanse the Earth of the corrupted humans. Where Things Come Back "It's all right, Director," he said in a tone of faint derision, "I won't corrupt them." Brave New World It shouldn't shock me that the Court of Faerie is corrupt and kind of gross. corrupt فاسد corruption فساد

corrupt

shedding light داره نشون میده (بلد می کنه)

shedding light

abandoned There's nothing spookier than an abandoned house that's still full of dusty, decaying furniture. When something is abandoned, it's been cast off or deserted. The adjective abandoned describes something that's been given up or discarded. You can use it to talk about a kitten abandoned at an animal shelter, an old car abandoned by the side of the road, or a person's dreams of becoming an opera singer abandoned when they had kids. It comes from the French phrase mettre a bandon, "put someone under another's control." Definitions of abandoned adjective forsaken by owner or inhabitants "weed-grown yard of an abandoned farmhouse" synonyms: derelict, deserted, desolate uninhabited not having inhabitants; not lived in adjective free from constraint ""an abandoned sadness born of grief"- Liam O'Flaherty" Synonyms: uninhibited not inhibited or restrained Usage Examples That gap...Is that where the abandoned house is? The Strangers It echoed throughout the dark room, and the sound triggered memories of an old movie— something about astronauts boarding an abandoned alien vessel. The Kill Order (Maze Runner, Book Four; Origin) The basement wasn't quite finished, bathroom project abandoned years ago, toilet bowl off its sewage site, half inch of dust coating it. Burning Blue At her glance, three girls rose and abandoned theirs in the far comer of the room beyond the dining tables. رها شده

abandoned

abundant On Halloween, you can find candy in abundant supply. Use abundant to describe something that exists in large amounts that are more than what's needed. Near synonyms are plentiful, emphasizing "large amounts," and ample, emphasizing "more than enough." The adjective abundant is commonly followed by the prepositions with or in, to mean "filled with or rich in something": a region abundant in natural resources. Abundant comes from Middle English aboundant, from Old French abondant, from Latin abundāns, form of abundāre "to overflow." Definitions of abundant adjective present in great quantity "an abundant supply of water" Synonyms: abounding, galore existing in abundance ample, copious, plenteous, plentiful, rich affording an abundant supply copious, voluminous large in number or quantity (especially of discourse) easy obtained with little effort or sacrifice, often obtained illegally exuberant, lush, luxuriant, profuse, riotous produced or growing in extreme abundance thick abounding; having a lot of long having or being more than normal or necessary:"long on brains" overabundant, plethoric, rife excessively abundant plentiful existing in great number or quantity rampant (of a plant) having a lush and unchecked growth rank growing profusely superabundant most excessively abundant teeming abundantly filled with especially living things torrential pouring in abundance verdant characterized by abundance of verdure ample more than enough in size or scope or capacity rich possessing material wealth see less Antonyms: scarce deficient in quantity or number compared with the demand Usage Examples Here were enthroned the leaders of Phaiakia drinking and dining, with abundant fare. The Odyssey Their abundant correspondence salvaged events from the mists of improbable facts. The House of the Spirits: A Novel The states where it was most abundant considered it a nuisance, chiefly because it builds large nests or mounds a foot or more high. Silent Spring The NACA—civilian and innocuous, abundant in engineering talent—was the perfect container. فراوان

abundant

acres Definitions of acres noun extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use synonyms: demesne, estate, land, landed estate see less types: show 15 types... type of: immovable, real estate, real property, realty property consisting of houses and land Usage Examples I arrived at the Trappist monastery with its two thousand acres of wood and farmlands and entered the courtyard as the monks were chanting Vespers. Black Like Me Our house was separated from the river by a crescent-shaped parcel of five acres of wild, uncleared growth. The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate His grandmother's house was a rambling gray stone mansion on twelve acres in North Vancouver. The Son of Neptune From the trucks, the acres of cane are green and inviting. هکتار

acres

adjust When you adjust to something, you change so that you can fit in, conform, or keep on going. Arriving at a new school almost always requires that you adjust a little. Once you adjust, you'll find you're as happy as you were in your old school. To adjust doesn't mean to transform in a major way. It implies small but important changes that make a big difference. If you adjust your speed by just ten miles per hour, you'll get more than fifty more miles per fill-up. You can adjust your hair to make it fancier, you can adjust your lifestyle to make it more sober, or you can adjust your attitude to make yourself less annoying. You used to have to adjust your TV antenna to get a better picture. Ask your mom. Definitions of adjust verb alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard "Adjust the clock, please" synonyms: correct, set see less types: show 39 types... type of: alter, change, modify cause to change; make different; cause a transformation verb make correspondent or conformable "Adjust your eyes to the darkness" see less type of: accommodate, adapt make fit for, or change to suit a new purpose verb place in a line or arrange so as to be parallel or straight synonyms: align, aline, line up see less Antonyms: skew turn or place at an angle types: show 7 types... type of: reorient set or arrange in a new or different determinate position verb adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions "We must adjust to the bad economic situation" synonyms: adapt, conform see less types: show 12 types... type of: change undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature verb decide how much is to be paid on an insurance claim see less type of: adjudicate, decide, dispose, resolve, settle bring to an end; settle conclusively Usage Examples Red Jack pulls his arm from my grip and adjusts his hat. Dread Nation I stepped inside and let my eyes adjust to the dim basement light. Anthem of a Reluctant Prophet She made Matt turn and adjusted the collar of his shirt. The House of the Scorpion This illusion, or hope of one, was dispelled as her eyes adjusted to the gloom word family adjust adjusted adjustment تنظیم کردن

adjust

already از قبل

already

alive If you're alive, you're living — in other words, you're not dead. If your apple tree blooms in the spring, you'll know it's still alive after the long, cold winter. Living things are alive — people, animals, plants — but things can be alive figuratively as well. You might, for example, talk about keeping optimism alive or keeping the school music program alive. The word is often used to mean "spirited" or "full of energy," too, as when a birthday party comes alive just as the magician and the pony arrive. Alive comes from the Old English phrase on life, "in living" or "in life." Definitions of alive adjective possessing life "the happiest person alive" "the nerve is alive" "doctors are working hard to keep him alive" "burned alive" synonyms: live liveborn (of newborn infant) showing signs of life after birth; not stillborn viable capable of life or normal growth and development vital manifesting or characteristic of life animate endowed with animal life as distinguished from plant life see more adjective having life or vigor or spirit synonyms: animated enlivened, spirited made lively or spirited full of life, lively, vital full of spirit reanimated, revived given fresh life or vigor or spirit see more adjective (often followed by `with') full of life and spirit "she was wonderfully alive for her age" "a face alive with mischief" Synonyms: lively full of life and energy adjective mentally perceptive and responsive;"an alert mind" "alive to what is going on" synonyms: alert, awake aware, cognisant, cognizant (sometimes followed by `of') having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception adjective (followed by `to' or `of') aware of "is alive to the moods of others" Synonyms: sensitive being susceptible to the attitudes, feelings, or circumstances of others adjective in operation "keep hope alive" "the tradition was still alive" synonyms: active existent, existing having existence or being or actuality adjective capable of erupting "the volcano is very much alive" synonyms: live active (of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting Usage Examples Not the wafer and the wine, but the flesh and the blood, vibrant and alive, and vibrant even when stooped, ancient and withered. Invisible Man "Were they always there? When your mother was alive?" Rebecca If he were alive, he would rip them apart with his bare hands. Strange the Dreamer Grief-stricken, I sobbed, "Please! Please! I want to be with my mama! Bury me too! I don't want to be alive! Nobody loves me!" زنده

alive

amuse If you enjoy making people laugh, you like to amuse them, which is a good trait to have as long as you don't amuse people during a math test or other solemn occasion. The verb amuse also means to keep busy in a pleasant way. You might amuse yourself during a long driving trip by playing the alphabet game, where you try to find all the letters from A to Z on roadside signs. If you are a passenger on a plane, you could amuse yourself with a movie on your computer. Just don't get them mixed up and try to watch a movie when you are driving. Definitions of amuse verb occupy in an agreeable, entertaining or pleasant fashion "The play amused the ladies" synonyms: disport, divert, regale see less type of: entertain provide entertainment for verb make (somebody) laugh "The clown amused the children" see less types: convulse make someone convulse with laughter type of: cheer, cheer up, jolly along, jolly up cause (somebody) to feel happier or more cheerful Usage Examples He tried to sound composed, ironic, like a man amused at some childish prank, but his face told a different story. Inkheart Nailer and Nita slapped at the bloodsuckers, while Tool watched amused. Ship Breaker Howard amused himself by putting a $100 bet on the horse, then settled in to watch. Seabiscuit: An American Legend The backpack toppled down the stairs in an awkward but amusing sort of way. word family amused amusing amusement سرگرم کننده

amuse

appropriate Something appropriate is correct and fits the situation. A sweater-vest with reindeer on it is appropriate holiday apparel, even if it's totally embarrassing. The adjective appropriate is used when something is suitable or fitting. It comes from the Latin appropriare, which means "to make something fit, to make something one's own." Going back even further, appropriate is related to the Latin word proprius, "to belong to a person, thing, or group." Another appropriate way to use this word is as a verb, meaning to steal or seize something, the way you'd appropriate your sister's sandwich if she left it sitting near you. Definitions of appropriate adjective suitable for a particular person, place, condition, etc. "a book not appropriate for children" "a funeral conducted the appropriate solemnity" "it seems that an apology is appropriate" Synonyms: befitting appropriate to grade-appropriate the quality of ability and work that is appropriate for students in a specified grade pat exactly suited to the occasion proper, right appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character, needs apropos of an appropriate or pertinent nature proper marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness see less Antonyms: inappropriate not suitable for a particular occasion etc show more antonyms... verb take possession of by force, as after an invasion synonyms: capture, conquer, seize see less types: carry capture after a fight type of: arrogate, assume, seize, take over, usurp seize and take control without authority and possibly with force; take as one's right or possession verb give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause synonyms: allow, earmark, reserve, set aside see less type of: allot, assign, portion give out Usage Examples Remarkably, in the United States, a life sentence is deemed perfectly appropriate for someone whose only crime is a first-time drug offense. The New Jim Crow He's managed to pull together donated clothes that are more appropriate to his upbringing. What the Night Sings People who aren't taught right from wrong are oblivious to what is and what is not appropriate behavior. The Tipping Point All I want is to be the normal girl, with parents who let her date and a house that smells of seasonally appropriate candles and not fried onions. مناسب

appropriate

arctic If the weatherman warns of arctic conditions, get out your thermal underwear, hats, and gloves. It's going to be cold. The word arctic describes frigid and inhospitable weather. The word arctic refers to the Arctic Circle — the North Pole and the land that surrounds it — which is the northernmost major circle of latitude on the Earth. When you think of the word arctic, imagine the weather at the North Pole, cold and windy, suitable only for hearty animals and mythical toy-making elves. Bundle up for the arctic blast heading down from Canada towards the U.S.! Definitions of arctic adjective extremely cold "an arctic climate" synonyms: frigid, gelid, glacial, icy, polar cold having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration noun a waterproof overshoe that protects shoes from water or snow synonyms: galosh, golosh, gumshoe, rubber see less type of: overshoe footwear that protects your shoes from water or snow or cold Usage Examples The arctic sky was an amazing combination of turquoise and gold. The Son of Neptune The arctic region with the beautiful northern lights. The Heart is a Lonely Hunter It was bracing, like opening a door in a warm room in the dead of winter and getting a blast of arctic air. Drama High Charlie wasn't waiting by the door, and I was shocked by a blast of arctic air when I walked outside in nothing but shorts and a tank top. قطب شمال

arctic

at stake If something's at stake, it's at risk of being lost. When you play Monopoly, there's nothing at stake except your pile of colorful Monopoly money. When nothing's at stake, you have nothing to lose — but when there's a lot at stake, you're taking a big risk. In a high-stakes poker game, there might be thousands of dollars at stake, and when you perform in a talent show you may believe your dignity and reputation are at stake. The source of this common phrase is unknown, although one guess ties it to an ancient (and cruel) practice of watching dogs fight a staked bear after placing bets. Definitions of at stake adverb to be won or lost; at risk "perhaps a million dollars are at stake" adverb in question or at issue "there is more at stake than your modesty" Usage Examples Your life is at stake, so we want to be sure. The Martian His reputation with the Army was at stake, and his ambition to conquer Troy and exalt Greece. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes With that, he understood what was at stake. Strange the Dreamer "Even if I did, I've got too much at stake here to consider it." در ریسک بودن

at stake

beetles Definitions of Beatles noun a rock group from Liverpool who between 1962 and 1970 produced a variety of hit songs and albums (most of them written by Paul McCartney and John Lennon) see less example of: rock band, rock group a band of musicians who play rock'n'roll music Usage Examples Tinny music played in the background: it took him some moments to identify it as the Beatles' "Fool on the Hill." American Gods "He held a funeral for a bird! He danced on the front lawn! He played senior citizen music! The Beatles and that other grandpa—Guitarfunkel, or whatever his name is." Schooled It was always sixties music too—I recognized the Beatles and some of the folksier stuff you hear on the classic rock stations. Schooled It didn't sound exactly like the Beatles, but it wasn't bad. سوسک

beetles

bullet A bullet is the metal object that is fired out of a gun when its trigger is pulled. Without bullets, a gun is harmless. If someone talks about ammunition for a gun, they're talking about bullets. A bullet doesn't usually contain explosives but does its damage by penetrating whatever — or whomever — it hits. The Middle French source of bullet is boulette, "cannonball" or "small ball," from boule, "a ball," with its Latin root bulla, "round thing." To "bite the bullet" means to withstand an unpleasant but necessary situation, from the (possibly fictitious) practice of patients biting bullets during painful operations. Definitions of bullet noun a projectile that is fired from a gun synonyms: slug see less types: show 4 types... type of: missile, projectile a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled noun (baseball) a pitch thrown with maximum velocity synonyms: fastball, heater, hummer, smoke see less types: slider a fastball that curves slightly away from the side from which it was thrown type of: delivery, pitch (baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter noun a high-speed passenger train synonyms: bullet train see less type of: passenger train a train that carries passengers Usage Examples Reluctantly, he hands me the magazine of bullets—and although I don't want it in my pocket, I'd rather it be there than in his. Dry I was the only guy at the bar with a bullet in their guts. The Catcher in the Rye They were slashed to pieces and full of bullet holes, but I was fine. The Last Olympian Its tears saved us from the red bullets. گلوله

bullet

came to a end Definitions of come to hand verb be revealed or disclosed synonyms: come to light see less type of: appear come into sight or view Usage Examples Here it came to hand just as easily as the coin which I now placed on the counter for my breakfast. Invisible Man Waiters were attacking the mice with chairs and wine-bottles and anything else that came to hand. The Witches That first batch of bad guys, gored with corkscrews, brained with paperweights and sent off into the next world with anything else that comes to hand, were guilty of hurting Alina. New York TimesSep 25, 2014 They drum on plastic bottles, anything that comes to hand. پایان یافتن

came to a end

circumstances Circumstances are factors or conditions that play a part in determining an outcome. Given the current economic circumstances, a lot of good candidates just can't find jobs. The word circumstances first came onto the scene in the early 13th century, meaning "conditions surrounding and accompanying an event." The Dalai Lama advised that "In the present circumstances, no one can afford to assume that someone else will solve their problems. Every individual has a responsibility to help guide our global family in the right direction." Wise and timeless words, no matter the present circumstances. Definitions of circumstances noun your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) "a victim of circumstances" synonyms: destiny, fate, fortune, lot, luck, portion see less types: show 14 types... type of: condition a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing noun a person's financial situation (good or bad) "he found himself in straitened circumstances" see less type of: possession anything owned or possessed Usage Examples He tried to distract himself with more positive thoughts but, given the circumstances, failed. Gregor the Overlander "Because of the circumstances, maybe there might be a special degree, an honorary degree." Life Is So Good They lost their innocence due to uncontrollable circumstances. The Freedom Writers Diary "Isn't it a pity that we didn't meet under less extenuating circumstances?" شرایط

circumstances

commands A command is an order that you have to follow, as long as the person who gives it has authority over you. You don't have to comply with your friend's command that you give him all your money. Command, which can be a noun or a verb, combines the Latin prefix com-, meaning "with," and mandāre, "to charge, enjoin," so to give someone a command is to say something with the authority that charges him to follow it. Your mother might command you to clean your room. Command can also mean a position of power, like having command of a battleship, or possession of a skill, like having a great command of video games. Usage Examples Without Ernest's energy, his serene self-confidence, and his charismatic command over the scientists and engineers inventing the separation process, there would be no Y-12. Big Science With Caesar in command and Alexandria under siege, she assumed that Cleopatra and Ptolemy's power was hers for the taking. Sterling Biographies®: Cleopatra: Egypt's Last and Greatest Queen "I am yours to command, Your Grace. Always." A Game of Thrones "You stay here and catch up," she commanded me دستورات

commands

compromise A compromise is a way of settling differences by everybody making concessions. If you want to stay out until 10 and your friend wants to stay out until midnight, 11 is a good compromise. Compromise comes from the Latin compromissum, which means "mutual promise." It can be a noun or a verb. If you compromise with your lab partner over how to analyze the experimental data, you find the middle ground between your two ideas. Compromise can also mean to erode or diminish. If you never repair your brakes, you will compromise the safety of the car. If you cheat, you compromise your integrity. Usage Examples Some members of the Unity Movement at first felt that we were accepting a handout from the government, which compromised our integrity. Long Walk to Freedom Anyone holding the job was hopelessly compromised as any sort of moral example. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing Also, hand clapping was to be kept at a minimum, lest the solemnity of Mass be compromised. Purple Hibiscus After a prolonged internal debate, the scientists reached a compromise. به خطر افتادن

compromise

contrary Use contrary when two things are exactly opposite or entirely different. If something is contrary to something else, it is opposed to or against it. A contrary child is one who opposes people in authority. As a noun, the contrary means the opposite, as in "We will not give up; on the contrary, we will fight with all our power." The adjective contrary derives from Latin contrarius ("opposite, opposed") from contra ("against"). Usage Examples On the contrary I am alert, I crackle with adrenaline, despite the late-summer heat. Cat's Eye But the talks, contrary' to expectation, were conducted with seriousness and good humor. Long Walk to Freedom On the contrary, he just fueled my desire to succeed even more. Proud On the contrary, when the enemy approaches, divided cities are always immediately lost. برخلاف

contrary

council A council is a group of people that gathers for the purpose of giving advice or making decisions. If you're president of the student council, for example, you might organize people to get the hallways at your school painted purple. Council comes from the Latin word concilium for "group of people, meeting," which is what it basically means today. There are student councils, honor councils, or city councils, to name a few. People working together to take care of business — that's a council. Of course, that council might give advice, or counsel (with an s) people on what to do. Not the same word — an honor council might counsel a principal about how to address cheating in school, for example. Definitions of council noun a body serving in an administrative capacity "student council" see less types: show 14 types... type of: administrative body, administrative unit a unit with administrative responsibilities noun (Christianity) an assembly of theologians and bishops and other representatives of different churches or dioceses that is convened to regulate matters of discipline or doctrine see less types: show 24 types... type of: assembly a group of persons who are gathered together for a common purpose noun a meeting of people for consultation "emergency council" see less types: show 5 types... type of: group meeting, meeting a formally arranged gathering Usage Examples The king's fist slammed down on the council table loud as a thunder-clap. A Game of Thrones It was enshrined in the proclamation from the city council that hung on a bulletin board, honoring one of Permian's state championship teams. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream They all knew that this haughty man was on his way to meet with their council, and that before night fell he would hold their very lives in his hand. The Witch of Blackbird Pond "The council sent riders from King's Landing to escort us the rest of the way," he told her. شورا

council

decades She was so nervous to see her high school sweetheart at their reunion: it had been a decade (ten years) since she'd seen him at graduation, and she still got butterflies thinking about him. A decade is a period of ten years. Decade contains dec, which is used in words that have to do with tens. The Marty Paich Dectet was a band with ten players. A decahedron is a shape with ten faces. And the decimal system is based on the number ten. noun a period of 10 years synonyms: decennary, decennium see more noun the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system synonyms: 10, X, ten, tenner see less type of: large integer an integer equal to or greater than ten Usage Examples: A list of things she would scan Izzy for over the next decade: Did Izzy simply not notice things, or was she going blind? Little Fires Everywhere The decade of the 1930s is what is called a "demographic trough." Outliers The front of the menu tells a lengthy story about Rosie's, with black-and-white photos spanning the last four decades. Thirteen Reasons Why Since Henrietta Lacks died decades before I began writing this book, I relied on interviews, legal documents, and her medical records to re-create scenes from her life. Word Family decade decades دهه

decades

declare If you declare victory, you are ending a war by saying you have won. Hopefully, the other side agrees, or your troops might declare you a fool. To declare is to state clearly and officially. In elections, the government body that counts the votes declares the winner. Until the declaration is made, the results are not official. When you are traveling, you might be asked if you have anything to declare. You're not being asked for a statement of your beliefs, rather they want to know if you bought anything taxable abroad. If you hear your grandmother say, "Well, I declare!" you can be sure she is shocked and offended. Usage Examples He's a good animal— fastest four-footed creature on the planet," he declared. The Glass Castle The jury was unable to reach a consensus regarding the felony murder charge, and a mistrial was declared on that count. Dear Martin "There is no organization in this country as divisive as the new National Party," I declared. Long Walk to Freedom The majority report, written by Bingham, rejected Woodhull's claims and declared that women were not citizens, but "members of the state." اعلام کردن

declare

dense When woods are dense, the trees grow close together. When fog is dense, you can't see through it. And if someone calls you dense, they think nothing can get into your thick skull. Dense comes from the Latin densus which means thick and cloudy. In general, the word means packed tight and gives the sense that something is difficult to get through. Text can be dense in two different ways: when the words are packed closely together on the page, and when the text is filled with big words and complicated thoughts. Either way, reading dense text is just no fun. Definitions of dense adjective having high relative density or specific gravity "dense as lead" Synonyms: heavy of comparatively great physical weight or density adjective permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter "dense smoke" synonyms: heavy, impenetrable thick relatively dense in consistency adjective hard to pass through because of dense growth "dense vegetation" synonyms: thick impenetrable not admitting of penetration or passage into or through adjective slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity "so dense he never understands anything I say to him" synonyms: dim, dull, dumb, obtuse, slow stupid lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity Usage Examples The road rose to meet him and the darkness grew dense. The God of Small Things The twin rails of the train tracks were being swallowed by the dense jungle. Ship Breaker The darkness was somehow denser than normal darkness. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince The nucleus of an atom is tiny-only one millionth of a billionth of the full volume of the atom-but fantastically dense, since it contains virtually all the atom's mass. متراکم

dense

descendants Definitions of descendants noun all of the offspring of a given progenitor synonyms: posterity see less type of: biological group a group of plants or animals Usage Examples The mummies spoke through female mediums who represented the panaqa s surviving courtiers or their descendants. 1491 And at last they learned how these nobly born Siamese acquired the kink at the end of their tails and bequeathed it to all their descendants. The Incredible Journey Think of the fruitful impact on Europe and its descendants from contacting Asia. 1491 There were fifty of them, all of them daughters of Danaüs, one of Io's descendants, who dwelt by the Nile. نوادگان

descendants

dimension A dimension is the measurement of something in physical space. You might give the painters every dimension of the rooms you want painted, including depth, height, and width. In addition to physical objects, dimension can describe something less tangible, such as the magnitude or extent of something. You might be shocked by the dimension of damage from the explosion down the street. Dimension can also be a feature of something, such as an experience, situation, flavor, or thing. Painting your bedroom purple will add a mystical dimension to your dwelling, especially if you add unicorn accents. Usage Examples Journalist Louis Lomax was one of the first to understand the dimensions of this shift and to describe its significance. The Best of Enemies Another dimension of disenfranchisement echoes not so much Jim Crow as slavery. The New Jim Crow In such interdimensional contemplations, we need not be restricted to two dimensions. Cosmos Lustig said, "But suppose, by accident, in space, in time, we got lost in the dimensions and landed on an Earth that is thirty or forty years ago." ابعاد

dimension

disorientated Definitions of disorientate verb cause to be lost or disoriented synonyms: disorient see less Antonyms: orient, orientate determine one's position with reference to another point type of: bedevil, befuddle, confound, confuse, discombobulate, fox, fuddle, throw be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly Usage Examples Looking breathless and disorientated, he spun on the spot, goggling upward at the emerald-green skull. Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire Ozon, best known for his colourful French farces and disorientating thrillers, said he wanted to tackle one of society's darkest moments in order to ensure that clerical child abuse is "punished and never repeated". The GuardianFeb 23, 2019 Even without the crowds, Guangzhou South would be disorientating. The GuardianNov 9, 2018 In his determination to acquiesce, he is a disorientating blend of heroism and - in Maria's eyes - cowardice. گمشده

disorientated

disturbance A disturbance is a noisy commotion that causes a hubbub or interruption. It can also be a worried mental state. In hotels, people put up "Do not disturb" signs when they want to be left alone. That's a good clue to what a disturbance is: something, usually noisy or rowdy, that bothers people. An audience member yelling during a piano concert would be a disturbance. Disturbances can also be interruptions, like a disturbance in cable service when the cable goes out. Disturbances can also be mental: if you're worried or anxious, that's a type of internal disturbance. Usage Examples About eight rows of seats from the front, then, a disturbance occurred. The Autobiography of Malcolm X The great snake, disliking the disturbance, opened its mouth wide and hissed angrily, but the Death Eaters did not hear it, so jubilant were they at Bellatrix and the Malfoys' humiliation. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows We'd heard rumors of disturbances there since our visit, the first week of March. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing The situation was immediately made worse by certain members of the striking police force, who circulated through the crowds, encouraging them to create even larger disturbances. آشفتگی

disturbance

earthquake If you're visiting your friend in California and her house starts to shake, you might be experiencing an earthquake, which is the shaking of the surface of the earth that happens when there's movement deep underground. Earthquake is one of those words that means exactly what it sounds like: the earth is quaking. Earthquakes happen along "fault lines," the places where the big plates of the earth meet and rub up against each other during volcanic activities. We also use earthquake metaphorically, to talk about something that causes a violent upheaval. Definitions of earthquake noun shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity synonyms: quake, seism, temblor see less types: show 5 types... type of: geological phenomenon a natural phenomenon involving the structure or composition of the earth noun a disturbance that is extremely disruptive "selling the company caused an earthquake among the employees" see less type of: commotion, disruption, disturbance, flutter, hoo-ha, hoo-hah, hurly burly, kerfuffle, to-do a disorderly outburst or tumult Usage Examples We chose Miami because the city's skyscrapers are designed to withstand hurricanes, not earthquakes. Challenger Deep It was sleek and silver and rumbling like a bottled earthquake. The Honest Truth Already reefing from the floods, Cahokia never recovered from the earthquake. 1491 The earthquake signaled such an important change in the life of the Trueba family that from then on they divided all events into before and after that day. زمین لرزه

earthquake

effort Effort has to do with how much work you're putting into something. A great achievement can also be considered a great effort. Effort has to do with how hard you're trying. If something is easy, it doesn't take much effort. If it's hard, it takes a lot of effort. Effort is about trying to get something done, even if it doesn't always work out. In sports, coaches don't like losing, but they really hate it when the players aren't giving much effort. There are also large scale, collective efforts, like the effort to cure cancer. Definitions of effort noun use of physical or mental energy; hard work "he got an A for effort" synonyms: elbow grease, exertion, sweat, travail see less types: show 31 types... type of: labor, labour, toil productive work (especially physical work done for wages) noun earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something "made an effort to cover all the reading material" synonyms: attempt, endeavor, endeavour, try see less types: show 39 types... type of: activity any specific behavior noun a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end "contributed to the war effort" synonyms: campaign, cause, crusade, drive, movement see less types: show 18 types... type of: venture any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome noun a notable achievement "the book was her finest effort" synonyms: exploit, feat see less types: show 8 types... type of: accomplishment, achievement the action of accomplishing something Usage Examples Of course he was worth all that effort. The Chosen He organized celebrations to honor veterans and commemorate anniversaries of the Wall, as well as spearheading fund-raising efforts to keep the memorial in good repair. Boots on the Ground: America's War in Vietnam He sat and tried to bring back memories, but every effort evaporated into oblivious mist before anything formed. The Maze Runner Trotter was rocking her huge trunk in a vain effort to get to her feet. تلاش

effort

eminent Anyone highly regarded or prominent is eminent. Eminent people are very successful at their jobs. If you've heard of Neil deGrasse Tyson, it's probably because he's an eminent astrophysicist. Every field has eminent — impressive, famous, or accomplished — people. Two of the most eminent coaches in the history of professional basketball are Red Auerbach and Phil Jackson because they've won the most championships. Beethoven was an eminent musician. Frank Lloyd Wright was an eminent architect. Eminent people loom over a field because they're influential and you can't avoid hearing about them. It's not easy to be eminent because you have to be extremely successful. Usage Examples The Royal Society resolved to send an eminent astronomer, Charles Green, to Tahiti, and spared neither effort nor money. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind They all continued on the general's plane to Albuquerque, where Groves was infuriated to discover eminent physicists gathered in clumps at the main hotel. Big Science Berkeley attracted the most promising young graduate students, hosted the most eminent visiting lecturers, pocketed the largest contributions from research foundations and garnered the lion's share of public interest and acclaim. Big Science Galton considered the obvious possibility that eminent men might produce eminent sons because the son "will be placed in a more favorable position for advancement." word family eminent eminently eminence برجسته

eminent

enduring Definitions of enduring adjective unceasing synonyms: abiding, imperishable lasting, permanent continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place adjective patiently bearing continual wrongs or trouble "an enduring disposition" synonyms: long-suffering patient enduring trying circumstances with even temper or characterized by such endurance Usage Examples Board of Education decision by enrolling at an all-white high school in Arkansas, enduring many months of cruelty and abuse in the name of a higher principle. Becoming My mother was strong and enduring as the Towers of Silence. Darius the Great Is Not Okay His consistent willingness to pay the penalty for his principles earned my enduring respect. Long Walk to Freedom A few years later, when Robbie won his scholarship to the local grammar, Jack Tallis took the first step in an enduring patronage by paying for the uniform and textbooks. word family enduring endure endured ماندگار

enduring

engaged Engaged means fully occupied or having your full attention. An engaged reader really focuses on the words and maybe even jots down questions or comments in the pages' margins. If you're busy or involved with something, you're engaged in it. A formal reply to an invitation to lunch might be, "I'm sorry, I'm otherwise engaged" — meaning you already have plans. Engaged often describes people who have committed to getting married. You can see this meaning in the word's origin, the French word engagier, meaning "to pledge. Usage Examples While thus engaged I heard a rumble of trucks in the distance. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography "I said you were engaged to this guy from back home from when you were three, but otherwise no," Tats say. Saints and Misfits She was desperate to be an engaged parent, 180 degrees of difference from how she felt her parents treated her. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age We brought them Water, too; sensible that soon, they would be engaged in Mortal Battle, & would greatly desire even one Drop of what now flowed in Profusion. درگیرکردن

engaged

envisioned adjective seen in the mind as a mental image "the glory of his envisioned future" synonyms: pictured, visualised, visualized unreal lacking in reality or substance or genuineness; not corresponding to acknowledged facts or criteria Usage Examples: To understand this renaissance, we need to return to the "future's future" envisioned by Berg's students on the ramparts of the Sicilian castle. The Gene Leaders envisioned a powerful show of unity, a massive crowd of blacks and whites together parading through the Black Belt, crossing as one over the deadline, celebrating their common bond as laborers. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 "Well, I've always envisioned myself in a flared red skirt like the flamenco dancers wear. Maybe with a few carnations." envision envisioned envisiones پیش بینی شده

envisioned

epicentre Definitions of epicentre noun the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake synonyms: epicenter see less type of: geographic point, geographical point a point on the surface of the Earth Usage Examples But throughout the plague years - when no effective treatment existed, and death was quite nearly guaranteed - New York City remained the epicentre of the disease, and America the main obstacle to research and treatment. The GuardianNov 29, 2016 Photograph: Tristram Kenton Whatever it might be the rest of the year, London was epicentre of the opera world last week. The GuardianApr 28, 2013 Drawn to what she saw as an inspiring place where dedicated people were making their mark on nature, Davis now finds herself at the epicentre of a wildlife disaster. The GuardianOct 4, 2012 By the 17th century, whale oil powered western civilization, and the North American whaling industry, centred in Massachusetts, was its epicentre. مرکز زلزله

epicentre

estimate A rough calculation or appraisal is an estimate. When you hit another baseball through the kitchen window, your parents will get an estimate of the repair costs. And you should estimate being grounded for approximately 3 weeks. An estimate is kind of like a very educated guess. Making an estimate takes good evaluation skills, and usually estimates are pretty close to the actual outcome. If the garage bill is way higher than the estimate they gave you, for example, you have a right to be angry. But if you forgot to factor in rush hour traffic when you estimated the drive from Boston to New York, that's your own fault. Definitions of estimate verb judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time) "I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds" synonyms: approximate, gauge, guess, judge see less types: show 10 types... type of: calculate, cipher, compute, cypher, figure, reckon, work out make a mathematical calculation or computation verb judge to be probable synonyms: calculate, count on, figure, forecast, reckon see less types: allow, take into account allow or plan for a certain possibility; concede the truth or validity of something budget for calculate enough money for; provide for in the budget type of: evaluate, judge, pass judgment form a critical opinion of noun an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth "an estimate of what it would cost" synonyms: approximation, estimation, idea see less types: show 6 types... type of: calculation, computation, figuring, reckoning problem solving that involves numbers or quantities noun a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody "many factors are involved in any estimate of human life" synonyms: estimation see less types: appraisal an expert estimation of the quality, quantity, and other characteristics of someone or something capitalisation, capitalization an estimation of the value of a business market capitalisation, market capitalization an estimation of the value of a business that is obtained by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the current price of a share type of: assessment, judgement, judgment the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event noun a document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation) synonyms: appraisal, estimation see less types: overappraisal, overestimate, overestimation, overvaluation an appraisal that is too high type of: commercial document, commercial instrument a document of or relating to commerce noun a statement indicating the likely cost of some job "he got an estimate from the car repair shop" see less type of: statement a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc noun the respect with which a person is held synonyms: estimation see less types: report, reputation the general estimation that the public has for a person type of: esteem, regard, respect an attitude of admiration or esteem Usage Examples تخمین زده شده

estimate

expected Something expected is likely to happen: it's probable. During winter, snow is expected. When you expect something, you anticipate that it will happen. As people age, they expect some grey hair. Things described as expected are things people know will probably happen. For football players, many injuries are expected. If you have a baby, many changes in your life are expected. For example, it's expected that the baby will often cry, causing the parents to lose sleep. Expected things are the opposite of surprising things. No one is surprised by an expected event. adjective considered likely or probable to happen or arrive "prepared for the expected attack" Synonyms: anticipated, awaited, hoped-for expected hopefully due scheduled to arrive expectable to be expected matter-of-course expected or depended upon as a natural or logical outcome unsurprising not causing surprise see less Antonyms: unexpected not expected or anticipated show more antonyms... The opposite of expected is: deficient convenient accessible unlikely Usage Examples: Folks were expected to be civilized to one another, honest, and—and clear. Song of Solomon They were faces you never expected to see except perhaps on the airbrushed pages of a fashion magazine. Twilight Many times he would prolong the talks beyond the expected limit and let them drift into comments of a domestic nature. One Hundred Years of Solitude He hurled himself so hard at the faint form of the angel, and he expected so much more resistance than he met, that he couldn't keep his balance. Word Family: expect expected unexpected انتظار میرود

expected

exploiting An exploit is a heroic act or notable deed. The King Arthur legends are full of stories of the exploits of the Knights of the Round Table, including Sir Lancelot and King Arthur himself. This noun is from Middle English expleit, "outcome," from Latin explicitus, "unfolded, set forth." The verb exploit means to use someone or something, usually selfishly or for profit. Workers who are tired of being exploited by factory owners form unions that allow them to stand together as a powerful force. Definitions of exploit verb use or manipulate to one's advantage "He exploit the new taxation system" synonyms: work work provoke or excite see more verb work excessively hard "he is exploiting the students" synonyms: overwork see less types: overdrive drive or work too hard type of: put to work, work cause to work verb draw from; make good use of "we must exploit the resources we are given wisely" synonyms: tap see less types: show 8 types... type of: apply, employ, use, utilise, utilize put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose noun a notable achievement synonyms: effort, feat see less types: show 8 types... type of: accomplishment, achievement the action of accomplishing something Usage Examples The exploits of Rambo and Delta Force became confusing to some, who'd never imagined men escaping entire armies, while still managing to kill so many people. The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind He was big — over six feet — and charming, a talented skater, who wowed young girls with his exploits on the rink. The Tipping Point In 1927, as story after story in the Odessa News heralded new strikes in the oil field, the only non-oil-related activity that made the front page was the exploits of the Odessa High Yellowjackets. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream She was exploiting him; she was putting him in danger. بهره برداری

exploiting

factual If something is factual, it can be proven, like your mother's story about the bear that is factual because she took a picture of it standing next to the family car. Something factual is real. It is based in fact, meaning it can be proven, repeated or observed. In fact, fact is the root of the word factual, from the Latin word factum, meaning "event, occurrence." The factual part of a story is the part that really happened — the rest gets more outlandish every time someone tells it. Evidence makes something factual. Definitions of factual adjective existing in act or fact synonyms: actual existent, real being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory adjective of or relating to or characterized by facts "factual considerations" Usage Examples I can't provide factual evidence as to why weddings became such an integral part of the Iranian culture. Americanized I couldn't copy her essays, and I lacked the factual and stylistic know-how to compose my own. Educated Indeed these accounts were factual and he was always the first to tell them. The Autobiography of Malcolm X Ben sounds like a robot, dull and factual. حقیقی

factual

fiction A fiction is a deliberately fabricated account of something. It can also be a literary work based on imagination rather than on fact, like a novel or short story. The Latin word fictus means "to form," which seems like a good source for the English word fiction, since fiction is formed in the imagination. Like its literary cousins fable, legend, and myth, however, fiction has a slightly darker additional meaning: a deliberate lie or untruth. When we talk about "the line between fact and fiction," we're talking about the difference between truth and lies. Definitions of fiction noun a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact see less types: show 23 types... type of: literary composition, literary work imaginative or creative writing noun a deliberately false or improbable account synonyms: fable, fabrication see less types: canard a deliberately misleading fabrication type of: falsehood, falsity, untruth a false statement Usage Examples hanks to the appearance of fiction, even people with the same genetic make-up who lived under similar ecological conditions were able to create very different imagined realities, which manifested themselves in different norms and values. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Kepler, on the other hand, lectured on astronomy in schools, published extensively and often at his own expense, and wrote science fiction, which was certainly not intended primarily for his scientific peers. Cosmos American television viewers tuned in religiously to science fiction television programs like Space Patrol and Tales of Tomorrow. Hidden Figures But they went through this fiction every day. داستان

fiction

fluent To be fluent in something — like a language or an instrument — is to be able to use it smoothly and effortlessly. It takes many years and lots of practice to become fluent in a second language. But when you're finally fluent, you can understand it, speak it, and write easily in it. One French class won't make you fluent — gaining fluency takes years. You can also be fluent in other things that you've practiced and mastered, like cello or computer programming. If you're doing something in a way that makes it look easy, you're fluent. Definitions of fluent adjective expressing yourself readily, clearly, effectively synonyms: eloquent, facile, silver, silver-tongued, smooth-spoken articulate expressing yourself easily or characterized by clear expressive language adjective smooth and unconstrained in movement synonyms: fluid, liquid, smooth graceful characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution Usage Examples Mr. Davis was quite fluent on the subject. And Then There Were None Catalina was originally from Spain and she was fluent in both Spanish and French. Far from the Tree He wasn't particularly fluent in English, but he liked them. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography She was fluent in English, German, Swahili, and her family's local language, called Luo. روان

fluent

fragile If it's delicate and easily broken, like a rare glass vase or the feelings of an overly emotional friend, it's certainly fragile. Back in the 1500s, fragile implied moral weakness. Then around 1600, its definition broadened to mean "liable to break." It wasn't until the 19th century that the word started to mean "frail" and was used to describe people. Today we use it to describe things like spider webs, unstable political systems, and insecure egos. Synonyms include flimsy, vulnerable, and brittle. Definitions of fragile adjective easily broken or damaged or destroyed "fragile porcelain plates" "fragile old bones" synonyms: delicate, frail breakable capable of being broken or damaged adjective vulnerably delicate "she has the fragile beauty of youth" Synonyms: delicate exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury adjective lacking substance or significance "a fragile claim to fame" synonyms: flimsy, slight, tenuous, thin insignificant, unimportant devoid of importance, meaning, or force Usage Examples Since all social orders and hierarchies are imagined, they are all fragile, and the larger the society, the more fragile it is. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Gerald, tough, brown, and wiry, seemed almost gentle as he helped the fragile, pale child balance on the bicycle. Forged by Fire For all her careening and jangling, Ess knew to be gentle and still with the fragile thing. Orphan Island To his surprise, his father began very carefully to direct the needle into the top of the newchild's forehead, puncturing the place where the fragile skin pulsed. شکننده

fragile

frequently If you do something frequently, you do it repeatedly, again and again. If you frequently visit the cookie jar, you might gain some unwanted pounds. Doctors and nurses have to wash their hands frequently, many times each day, since they touch various patients and don't want to spread germs. When you're driving in rush hour traffic, you usually find yourself stopping frequently. Things that occur over and over, especially in a relatively short time frame, happen frequently. The adverb frequently comes from the adjective frequent, which originally meant "profuse or ample," from the Latin root frequentem, "crowded or repeated." Definitions of frequently adverb many times at short intervals synonyms: oft, often, oftentimes, ofttimes see less Antonyms: rarely, seldom not often Usage Examples My answers were frequently vague, and Francis was visibly annoyed by my habit of always trusting to memory and never writing anything on paper. Double Helix And with The Taker, she's so frequently confused that it's hard to see beyond it. A Heart in a Body in the World Services in black churches frequently contain a strong mixture of concern for the less fortunate and a call to personal responsibility. The New Jim Crow Of course, there are many different opinions on this topic, and it's not surprising to hear it frequently discussed in times of war, but...arguing so much about politics is just plain stupid! مکرر

frequently

gatherer Definitions of gatherer noun a person who gathers "they were a society of hunters and gatherers" see less type of: individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul a human being noun a person who is employed to collect payments (as for rent or taxes) synonyms: accumulator, collector see less examples: Isabella Stewart Gardner United States collector and patron of art who built a museum in Boston to house her collection and opened it to the public in 1903 (1840-1924) types: show 4 types... type of: worker a person who works at a specific occupation Usage Examples The gatherers shuffle their feet, cough into their hands, avert their eyes, and walk off in the opposite direction. First They Killed My Father: A Daughter of Cambodia Remembers But he was, indeed, a tax gatherer, and the system itself was harsh, even if administered within the law. The Scientists What I badly needed, I realized, was a kind of hunter- gatherer tutor. The Omnivore's Dilemma A gatherer took my penny and I shuffled on, jostled from this side and that, until I bumped up against an unmoving mass of spectators. word family: gatherer gatherers gatherered gatherering جمع آوری کننده

gatherer

gruesome Gothic novels, horror movies, and crime dramas don't shy away from showing gruesome scenes of death, pictures that inspire fright and repulsion. Synonyms include "ghastly," "grisly," "loathsome," and "macabre." Once upon a time, English contained a variety of words related to gruesome. The verb grue meant "to shudder," just as its Middle Dutch source gruwen did. Grueful and grueing also conveyed the sense of shivering with horror and disgust. All of these variations have been lost leaving us only with gruesome. Texting while driving has caused many gruesome accidents that you might not want to hear the gruesome details of. Although if you like gruesome movies, you might want to know. Definitions of gruesome adjective shockingly repellent; inspiring horror synonyms: ghastly, grim, grisly, macabre, sick alarming frightening because of an awareness of danger Usage Examples She was some kind of gruesome receptacle for something else, the power that was now swirling around me in the green mist. The Lightning Thief "The Prince Who Thought He Was a Dragon" was one of Old Nan's more gruesome tales. A Clash of Kings She was in the air, and the dreamlike unreality of floating warred with the gruesome truth beneath her. Strange the Dreamer Her mother passed away from a long and gruesome illness. ترسناک

gruesome

handful A handful is just a little of something, or the amount you can hold in your hand. It can be a literal handful, like a handful of popcorn, or it can mean just a few, like a handful of trucks. You might find yourself eating handfuls of raspberries when you're supposed to be picking them to make jam. Another meaning of handful is "just a few," as in "There are only a handful of dogs at the dog park this morning." And a third way to use this word is to mean "incredibly difficult to handle." If your mom says, "You were a handful when you were a toddler," she means you were not easy. Definitions of handful noun the quantity that can be held in the hand synonyms: fistful see less type of: containerful the quantity that a container will hold noun a small number or amount "only a handful of responses were received" synonyms: smattering see less type of: small indefinite amount, small indefinite quantity an indefinite quantity that is below average size or magnitude Usage Examples At the wedding reception, held at the Los Coyotes Country Club, Danny showed up belligerent, but a handful of men were at the door, waiting for him, and turned him away. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age "Funny, he said he didn't remember you," said Bunny, reaching over for another handful of pistachios without taking his eyes off me. The Secret History But there are always a handful of wild cards thrown into the draft, amateur players nominated because they are so good at the game. Warcross She shoos everyone—except her ladies and a handful of servants—from the room. تعداد انگشت شمار

handful

hatch A bird such as a hen that sits on eggs to incubate them can be said to hatch the eggs. Then, when the chick emerges from the egg, you can also say it hatched. Humans don't hatch eggs like birds do, but they can still incubate and then hatch a plan, invention, or idea. You may hatch a plan to surprise a friend for her thirtieth birthday party, but to ensure you don't end up with egg on your face, you should verify your friend isn't actually twenty-nine for the third year in a row! As a noun, a hatch is a trapdoor or other opening in the floor, ceiling, or wall that allows access Usage Examples She pulled herself through the hatch, clutching the rectangular thing to her side. The Reader Alec was slowly walking around the ship, searching the Berg for something, probably the hatch door. The Kill Order (Maze Runner, Book Four; Origin) While Mac considered the most practical escape plans, Eddie Daniels hatched the most imaginative ones. Long Walk to Freedom He was gone through the hatch into the darkness below روزنه

hatch

hook A hook is a curved piece of metal or other hard material that's used or pulling or holding something. A tow truck is equipped with a large hook to pull cars, and the fictional Captain Hook came equipped with an iron hook to pull off dastardly deeds. There are coat hooks in a classroom, picture hooks on the your walls, and fishhooks for catching trout in a lake. You might have a hook and eye lock on your bedroom door, or enjoy crocheting scarves with yarn and a crochet hook. To catch a fish or a loop of yarn is to hook it. In boxing, a curving, bent-elbow punch is a hook. and in basketball a hook shot is a high, one-handed, sweeping play. Usage Examples He hooked his thumbs in his belt and squinted one eye nearly closed. Of Mice and Men And, because the shooting was unpremeditated, they were all off the hook, so long as they kept their mouths shut. The Milagro Beanfield War A hand hooked around her forearm and yanked her off her feet. Six of Crows He took the bag of seeds back off the hook and set them in front me. قلاب

hook

hook it up Definitions of hook up verb connect or link "hook up the houses to the gas supply line" "Hook up the components of the new sound system" see less type of: attach cause to be attached Usage Examples: Wait—was he trying to hook up online? Shelter (Book One): A Mickey Bolitar Novel "I think you just don't like the idea of your little sister hooking up with someone." Leah on the Offbeat He bounced the hook up and down until he felt it catch hold. Red Kayak Clean hooked up with some folks who told him about the Tigros posse. جمع کردن

hook it up

ignited Definitions of ignited adjective set afire "the ignited paper" synonyms: enkindled, kindled lighted, lit set afire or burning Usage Examples The new watchman, Luno's replacement, nearly fried when a falling cinder ignited the ticket shed, where he was phoning for help. Flush On August 10, 1917, she ignited the movement again with a banner she knew would create a stir. Votes for Women! The gas ignited, and flames spread quickly into a steady blaze that crept over the boxes. Touching Spirit Bear I am Cinna's bird, ignited, flying frantically to escape something inescapable. work family ignite ignited ignition مشتعل شدن،روشن شدن

ignited

in a way that به طوریکه

in a way that

incidence Incidence means the frequency with which something bad occurs. You'll hear of "incidences of cancer" or "incidences of war." You hope the incidence is decreasing, not increasing. You might confuse incidence and incident. They sound similar, but incident refers only to something that happened, not to the frequency with which it happens. After a car accident, the police file an incident report, which is a fancy way of saying they write down what happened. Looking at these reports grouped together can show you if the incidence of accidents at specific intersections in town is on the rise Definitions of incidence noun the relative frequency of occurrence of something synonyms: relative incidence see less types: morbidity the relative incidence of a particular disease type of: frequency, relative frequency the ratio of the number of observations in a statistical category to the total number of observations noun the striking of a light beam on a surface "he measured the angle of incidence of the reflected light" see less type of: optical phenomenon a physical phenomenon related to or involving light Usage Examples A well-known example involves the moderate correlation between milk consumption and the incidence of cancer in various societies. Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences A more detailed comparison of the incidence of wars before and after 1945 might help to clarify this question. Cosmos Only a minority of women live to age eighty-five, and incidence rates are changing and are much higher for older women. Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences Jomon skeletons show a high incidence of what pathologists term auditory exostosis, meaning abnormal bone growth in the ears as often observed in divers today. وقوع

incidence

indicate To indicate means to point something out or to present evidence. If you feel sick during a car trip, you can indicate this to the driver by groaning loudly or announcing "I'm going to be sick!" Scientists rely on data from experiments to indicate whether their theories are correct. Indicate can also describe a symptom or signal of something else. For example, a stock market recovery could indicate growing public confidence — or foolishness, depending on which expert you ask. The verb indicate comes from the noun indication, which in turn comes from the Latin word indicare, meaning "something that points out or shows." Definitions of indicate verb indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively "he indicated his opponents" synonyms: designate, point, show see less types: show 4 types... type of: inform impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to verb be a signal for or a symptom of "These symptoms indicate a serious illness" synonyms: bespeak, betoken, point, signal see less types: show 9 types... type of: tell let something be known verb give evidence of "The results indicate the need for more work" synonyms: argue see less type of: lay out, present, represent bring forward and present to the mind verb state or express briefly "indicated his wishes in a letter" see less Antonyms: contraindicate make a treatment inadvisable types: show 6 types... type of: inform impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to verb suggest the necessity of an intervention; in medicine "Tetracycline is indicated in such cases" synonyms: suggest see less Antonyms: contraindicate make a treatment inadvisable type of: inform impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to Usage Examples Mr. Dandy indicated the man at the podium, who was, at that moment, telling them about hospital equipment bought in the previous year from their generosity. The Graveyard Book He waved his hand back and forth as if to indicate he was speaking about all the prisoners on the hall. Habibi Camel waves his hand at me to indicate he's finished. Water for Elephants Harry looked into the corner she was indicating. نشان می دهد

indicate

interpret When you interpret something, you make sense of it. You could interpret a graph, a foreign language, or even Mona Lisa's odd smile. If you're ordering food in a foreign land, you may need someone to interpret the menu for you. When you get tripped up or struggle to understand a subject even in your own language — like calculus, for example — sometimes you can find meaning, or interpret it for yourself. Or sometimes you'll need a teacher to work on the problem with you, showing how to interpret the mathematical language. Usage Examples Maldagha pressed her lips together to still their sudden trembling, and, in a gesture that pained Lazlo to interpret, laid a hand to her belly. Strange the Dreamer Our Father probably interpreted Broca's aphasia as God's Christmas bonus to one of His worthier employees. The Poisonwood Bible "We shall call you the prophet and you shall interpret the bones for us," the captain says. Challenger Deep There were some fuzzy data using sea urchins, interpreted as a transformation of DNA into RNA, but I preferred to trust other experiments showing that DNA molecules, once synthesized, are very very stable. word family interpret interpreted interpreter interpretation تفسیر کردن

interpret

majority Majority means "most of," or the biggest part. Does the majority of what owls eat — mice, rats, squirrels, moles — sound appetizing to you? If not, you're probably in the majority of people. In an election, victory usually goes to whoever wins the majority of votes, or more than half of them. The opposite of majority is minority. A majority of the more than one billion Roman Catholics in the world live in Latin America; a small minority of all Roman Catholics live in Asia. Definitions of majority noun the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part "the majority of his customers prefer it" synonyms: bulk see less Antonyms: minority being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts type of: figure, number the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals noun (elections) more than half of the votes synonyms: absolute majority see less type of: relative quantity a quantity relative to some purpose noun the age at which persons are considered competent to manage their own affairs synonyms: legal age see less Antonyms: minority, nonage any age prior to the legal age type of: age, eld a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises Usage Examples Similarly, the overwhelming majority of people on parole were convicted of nonviolent crimes. The New Jim Crow With criminal records, the majority of young black men in urban areas are not seen as attractive plaintiffs for civil rights litigation or good "poster boys" for media advocacy. The New Jim Crow Two ballot papers would only confuse a majority of voters, most of whom would be voting for the first time in their lives. Long Walk to Freedom "There are pieces in other rooms but this is the majority of the collection." عموم،اکثریت

majority

modality A modality is the way or mode in which something exists or is done. You might often see it used with reference to diagnostic modality, which is the way in which a disease or illness is diagnosed by a doctor. Modality shares its root with the word mode, meaning "the way in which something happens or is experienced." A sensory modality is a way of sensing, like vision or hearing. Modality in someone's voice gives a sense of the person's mood. In logic, modality has to do with whether a proposition is necessary, possible, or impossible. In general, a modality is a particular way in which something exists. Usage Examples We recognize all truths in all modalities," he says. Washington PostJun 12, 2018 Arborea, a duo from Maine, treated its own songs and traditional staples — "Careless Love," "Black Is the Color" — as meditations, with whispery vocals and hints of Eastern modality. New York TimesMar 19, 2012 The line announces the rules of the game: Superman is stronger than Batman, but his one great vulnerability renders him more tragically destructible than Batman's multivariable modalities of death. The New YorkerMar 29, 2016 Even more challenging than the models and modalities, Hamerschlag says, are the politics. کیفیت

modality

narrative A narrative is a story that you write or tell to someone, usually in great detail. A narrative can be a work of poetry or prose, or even song, theater, or dance. Often a narrative is meant to include the "whole story." A summary will give a few key details and then the narrative will delve into the details. "I hate to interrupt your narrative," is a polite way of stopping someone in the middle of a story. The origin of this noun is the Latin adjective narrativus, from narrare "to tell," from gnarus "knowing." It is related to our English verb know. Definitions of narrative noun a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program "his narrative was interesting" synonyms: narration, story, tale see less examples: Canterbury Tales an uncompleted series of tales written after 1387 by Geoffrey Chaucer Arabian Nights' Entertainment a collection of folktales in Arabic dating from the 10th century types: show 6 types... type of: content, message, subject matter, substance what a communication that is about something is about adjective consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story "narrative poetry" Synonyms: communicative, communicatory able or tending to communicate Usage Examples Then he reread the narrative of what I'd done, turning to me every few sentences to ask "Is that correct?" The Stranger Through the narrative, he'd made a kind of literary peace with his phantom father. Becoming And the goals get reinforced, or so it seems, by the buzz of an incoming call or text, alerting us to a new development in the narrative of our lives. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age Then they encountered European society and for the first time their history acquired a narrative flow. روایت

narrative

obvious Something obvious is plain to see and easily understandable. It was obvious that you didn't enjoy your meal because I found it rolled in a napkin and shoved under the rug. There's nothing vague about the adjective obvious — it's right there in front of your eyes! It describes something that's easy to figure out or the most straightforward option. If someone states the obvious, you're likely to respond with a sarcastic "No duh!" or "Thanks Sherlock." If obvious isn't the obvious word of choice, you can try a synonym such as "evident" or "apparent." Definitions of obvious adjective easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind "obvious errors" Synonyms: apparent, evident, manifest, patent, plain, resounding, unmistakable clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment axiomatic, self-evident, taken for granted evident without proof or argument demonstrable, provable capable of being demonstrated or proved frank clearly manifest; evident open-and-shut so obvious as to be easily solved or decided self-explanatory needing no explanation transparent easily understood or seen through (because of a lack of subtlety) writ large made more obvious or prominent open, overt open and observable; not secret or hidden see less Antonyms: unobvious not immediately apparent show more antonyms... Usage Examples "So, the chance of meeting someone in the middle of the Pacific with whom to trade my cigarettes did not strike me as an obvious prospect." Life of Pi And are violations of the rule obvious products of mishearing, careless reading, or a chintzy attempt to sound highfalutin? The Sense of Style He did not look at Ultima, but it was obvious he was seeking some understanding from her. Bless Me, Ultima "Oh, certainly not. It's too obvious a target for bombings." word family obvious obviously واضح

obvious

officials Definitions of officialese noun the style of writing characteristic of some government officials: formal and obscure see less type of: expressive style, style a way of expressing something (in language or art or music etc.) that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period Usage Examples In officialese the lifts are referred to as Personenumlaufaufzüge - people circulation lifts - while a popular bureaucrats' nickname for them is Beamtenbagger or "civil servant excavator". The GuardianAug 13, 2015 Perhaps, then, the war on terror would correctly be called, in Indian officialese, "Befitting Reply to Misguided Youth's Misadventures". New York TimesJun 26, 2013 He would not directly answer questions but took refuge in rambling statements couched in flowery officialese. مقامات،صاحب منسبان

officials

other than Definitions of other than adverb in another and different manner "there is no way out other than the fire escape" synonyms: differently, otherwise Usage Examples Focusing on things other than driving, and erratic driving, are the very definition of negligence," Bunderson wrote. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age No such device was listed among Vermeer's personal effects after his death, but it happens that the executor of Vermeer's estate was none other than Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, the most secretive lens-maker of his day. A Short History of Nearly Everything He wrote: "The opinion of an expert that texting or using a cell phone is distracting or even dangerous is nothing other than telling the jury that such activity is either negligent or criminally negligent." A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age But to my surprise, the next avatar to snag the Jade Key was none other than Shoto. به غیر از

other than

pitch In baseball, the ball is pitched (thrown). Elsewhere, writers, salesmen, and other folks make pitches (proposals). There's a long list of pitches, both nouns and verbs. A salesman can give you a sales pitch, when he tells you all the reasons you should buy what he's selling. A high, short golf shot is a pitch. If you are singing the right notes to a song then you are on pitch. A rocking boat is pitching. The only way to know which pitch is meant is to look at the situation and who's using the word Usage Examples He ran down the last minutes of his cell phone's battery talking to the nurses and doctors, then sat in the pitch darkness, stewing with anxiety. The Gene "Touch it to the pitch between the planks," the parrot says. Challenger Deep As we saw when we first encountered the octave, if your column of air is exactly half the length of where you started, you will get a note that is the same pitch, only higher. The Story of Music "What if he's a spy?" another woman's voice calls, rising in pitch. pitch pitched pitcher گام صدا

pitch

plot A plot is a scheme, a story, a map charting progress, or a piece of land (as for a garden). To plot is to devise the secret plan, order the events of the story, or track your movement on the map. You could make a whole movie based the word plot. This could be the plot (story): An evil so-and-so hatches a secret plot (scheme) to follow the explorer to a legendary plot (patch) of land with buried treasure. The explorer plots (draws) the best route to the treasure, but the evil so-and-so steals the plot (map) and gets to the treasure first. What a great story. All that's left is to plot (arrange) the sequence of events for maximum suspense. Usage Examples I didn't add that I knew from Nelson's remarks that Leandro and Manolo and Minerva were involved in a serious plot. In the Time of the Butterflies My own plot was of greater interest to me then. Ophelia Her joys, her plot, that block of sugar maple she perched on like a vulture. The Underground Railroad: A Novel "A plot to get this house? Are you actually as stupid as you look?" داستان

plot

porter A porter is someone who carries luggage for tourists. If you ever travel by train across the country, you'll be grateful to the porter. The person at an airport, train station, or hotel who's paid to help with your luggage is a porter. It's also the name of a train employee who assists passengers traveling in sleeper cars. The word porter comes from the Latin portatorem, one who carries. The dark, sweet beer known as porter or porter's ale comes from the same root word — because its taste and low price was the favorite of porters and other laborers. Definitions of porter noun a person employed to carry luggage and supplies see less types: redcap a porter who helps passengers with their baggage at a railroad station skycap a porter who helps passengers with their baggage at an airport type of: jack, laborer, labourer, manual laborer someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor noun a railroad employee who assists passengers (especially on sleeping cars) synonyms: Pullman porter see less type of: employee a worker who is hired to perform a job verb carry luggage or supplies "They portered the food up Mount Kilimanjaro for the tourists" see less type of: carry, transport move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body noun a very dark sweet ale brewed from roasted unmalted barley synonyms: porter's beer see less type of: ale a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume noun someone who guards an entrance synonyms: door guard, doorkeeper, doorman, gatekeeper, hall porter, ostiary see less types: commissionaire a uniformed doorman night porter a porter on duty during the night ticket collector, ticket taker someone who is paid to admit only those who have purchased tickets type of: guard a person who keeps watch over something or someone Usage Examples She supposed the dinner would be at his college, where the porter, he'd said, was a gossip, though, of course, there was more than one porter at Jordan; nevertheless, it was puzzling. The Book of Dust: La Belle Sauvage I decided I would do just that, but then I remembered the more pressing matter of inmates still outside their cells who were claim-ing to be porters. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing In the next ten minutes, I managed to anger or amuse most of them, or so it seemed, by trying to enforce my hopelessly outdated porter list. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing The porter will bring down his trunks, I shall catch a glimpse of them in the luggage lift, with new-plastered labels. Word Family port porter ports باربر

porter

potential If you can describe something as possible but not yet actual, choose the adjective potential. Companies try to reach potential customers through advertising. Potential, from the Latin potentia "power," sounds more complicated than it is. It describes something or someone that has the power to become something. A potential success is not yet a success but could be if circumstances are right. When a situation has the potential for disaster, it could turn bad easily. You have potential if you have a natural but undeveloped ability to do something and a building with potential will be really nice once it's fixed up. adjective existing in possibility "a potential problem" synonyms: possible latent potentially existing but not presently evident or realized see more adjective expected to become or be; in prospect "potential clients" synonyms: likely prospective of or concerned with or related to the future noun the inherent capacity for coming into being synonyms: potency, potentiality see more noun the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts synonyms: electric potential, potential difference, potential drop, voltage see less types: evoked potential the electrical response of the central nervous system produced by an external stimulus resting potential the potential difference between the two sides of the membrane of a nerve cell when the cell is not conducting an impulse type of: electrical phenomenon a physical phenomenon involving electricity Usage Examples: What drew headline attention, however, was the academy's finding that even low-level radiation exposure carried potential genetic consequences. Big Science Once he realized that, he studied each potential neighbor carefully. Among the Hidden And whites saw mulattoes—the children of those relationships — as potential allies, a buffer between them and the enormous numbers of slaves on the island. Outliers The potential new antibiotic is found in the chemical secretions of cockroaches. Word Family potential potentially potency potent بالقوه

potential

precipitation Precipitation is rain, snow, sleet, or hail — any kind of weather condition where something's falling from the sky. Precipitation has to do with things falling down, and not just from the sky. It's also what happens in chemical reactions when a solid settles to the bottom of a solution. If you have hard water where you live, you might find lime deposits — a flaky white crust — on your faucets and showerhead. That's caused by precipitation of the minerals in the water. The minerals settle out — they precipitate — and clog the pipes. Definitions of precipitation noun the falling to earth of any form of water (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist) synonyms: downfall see less types: show 13 types... type of: atmospheric condition, conditions, weather, weather condition the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation noun the quantity of water falling to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time "the storm brought several inches of precipitation" see less type of: indefinite quantity an estimated quantity noun the act of casting down or falling headlong from a height see less type of: drop, fall a free and rapid descent by the force of gravity noun an unexpected acceleration or hastening "he is responsible for the precipitation of his own demise" see less type of: acceleration an increase in rate of change noun overly eager speed (and possible carelessness) synonyms: haste, hastiness, hurriedness, hurry see less types: abruptness, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitateness, precipitousness, suddenness the quality of happening with headlong haste or without warning type of: fastness, speed, swiftness a rate (usually rapid) at which something happens noun the process of forming a chemical precipitate see less type of: chemical action, chemical change, chemical process (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved Usage Examples Was there so much paper in a school that the molecules eventually clustered and fell like precipitation? Schooled In uncut forest, the canopy intercepts precipitation, absorbing the physical impact of its fall from the clouds. 1491 Nelson says every person in the village is to be there, required precipitation. The Poisonwood Bible Sierra watched the speckles of precipitation jangle and spin beneath a lamppost. بارش

precipitation

raise If you raise your hand, you put it up in the air. If you raise your daughter, you "bring her up" from childhood to adulthood. And, if you raise the roof, you and a crowd of people cheer wildly for a performer. Raise can be used almost any time you bring something up, either literally: "if you raise the lid on that trap door you will see a secret passage," or figuratively: "please don't raise the topic of my arachnophobia." The verb raise comes from the Old English word ræran, which means "to rear," as in, "do you really want to raise your children in that town?" As a noun, a raise can also mean a salary increase. Usage Examples The three beer girls raised a raucous Bronx cheer. A Confederacy of Dunces Myrtle raised her eyebrows in despair at the shiftlessness of the lower orders. The Great Gatsby Warmer than feathers, the bare skin would raise the eggs to seventy degrees Fahrenheit. Frightful's Mountain A bunch of campers started asking questions, looking about as confused as I was, but Chiron raised his hand for silence. word family raise raised raising بالا بردن

raise

repetition Use the noun repetition to describe something that is repeated over and over, like the repetition of singing the alphabet song several times a day to help young children learn the letters. To correctly pronounce repetition, accent the third syllable: "re-peh-TIH-shun." Repetition and the closely related repeat come from the Latin word repetere, meaning "do or say again." It can be a very effective tool in public speaking, such as the repetition of "I have a dream that one day . . ." in Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s famous speech. Definitions of repetition noun the act of doing or performing again synonyms: repeating see less types: show 12 types... type of: continuance, continuation the act of continuing an activity without interruption noun an event that repeats synonyms: repeat see less types: show 8 types... type of: periodic event, recurrent event an event that recurs at intervals noun the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device see less types: show 10 types... type of: rhetorical device a use of language that creates a literary effect (but often without regard for literal significance) تکرار

repetition

rescue When you rescue something, you save it from something bad — you come to the rescue. If Muffin, your kitten, is stuck in a tree, you can get out your ladder and climb up to rescue her. A rescue is a good thing, much appreciated by people (and kittens). If your house is in foreclosure, you'd be very grateful for the uncle who comes to your rescue by paying your mortgage. Whenever there's an earthquake or other disaster, rescue operations are quickly put in place to find survivors. You can use the word more casually, as in describing how you saunter over at a cocktail party and rescue your friend from a conversation with an insufferable bore. Definitions of rescue verb free from harm or evil synonyms: deliver see less types: relieve, salvage, salve, save save from ruin, destruction, or harm reprieve relieve temporarily type of: bring through, carry through, pull through, save bring into safety verb take forcibly from legal custody "rescue prisoners" see less type of: take take by force noun recovery or preservation from loss or danger synonyms: deliverance, delivery, saving see less types: show 10 types... type of: recovery, retrieval the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost) word family rescued rescue نجات

rescue

rise Rise almost always has to do with something that's becoming taller or higher, like when you rise from your chair or your grades that rise when you study harder. As a verb, rise can mean anything from "get up" to "increase" to "rebel" to "return from the dead." As a noun, it can be an upward movement, a little hill, a wage increase, a price hike, or even the length from the waistband to the center seam on a pair of jeans — with a low rise, those fashionable jeans don't cover much of your mid-section, which is why denim shopping with Mom can make anger rise in both of you! Usage Examples It sat there until the steam stopped rising, until the normally scrumptious smell of it disappeared. Anger Is a Gift The magic was already faded, icy brightness turning back to common dew in the light of the rising sun. A Clash of Kings I felt the familiar vexation at my father rise within me. Ophelia I started to cry and plead and call to God to stop me as the lid began to rise. بالا آمدن

rise

scare Have you ever gone into a dark room and heard something scurrying across the floor and felt your pulse quicken and your heart race? You were scared — afraid. When you are scared, you are frightened or alarmed. It can be a momentary thing: hearing a car screech outside your house and worrying that your dog just got hit. It can be longer: you might be scared for weeks or months after a medical diagnosis. While the verb is usually associated with a single person or small group, you might also apply it more generally: a fast-moving tornado could have scared a whole town. Definitions of scared adjective made afraid "too shocked and scared to move" synonyms: frightened afraid filled with fear or apprehension Usage Examples His city's streets were full of people—some scared to death, others looting stores. Spooked! The truck driver scared the child, who then dropped his arms as though he did not want me to pick him up. Long Walk to Freedom I'm not just scared that somehow I'll be next; it's a quieter fear and more insidious. Love, Hate & Other Filters He wiped his face and looked so old it scared me کمیاب

scare

scheme A scheme is an elaborate plan or plot. It's going to take a really solid scheme, probably involving teleportation or some sort of temporary cloning, to make an appearance at both parties at once. Scheme comes to us from the Latin word for "figure." And it's still used today to refer to a set of drawings and figures used to map out something. Or maybe you've heard people talk about something in the scheme of life." In that case they're talking about something that fits into the bigger picture. But don't forget that schemes often carry a negative connotation — the word brings to mind devious plans and secret plots organized by scheming bad guys. Definitions of scheme noun an elaborate and systematic plan of action synonyms: strategy see less types: show 17 types... type of: plan of action a plan for actively doing something noun a schematic or preliminary plan synonyms: outline, schema see less type of: plan, program, programme a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished noun a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery synonyms: dodge, dodging see less type of: falsehood, falsity, untruth a false statement noun a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole synonyms: system see less types: show 43 types... type of: group, grouping any number of entities (members) considered as a unit noun an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world synonyms: schema see less type of: internal representation, mental representation, representation a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image verb devise a system or form a scheme for see less type of: plan make plans for something verb form intrigues (for) in an underhand manner synonyms: connive, intrigue see less type of: plot plan secretly, usually something illegal Usage Examples | The mirror is a sea of conflicting emotions signified above all by the color scheme of her reflection. History of Art, Volume 1 Terrance took a more active hand, ever scheming for ways to increase the loads sent to New Orleans. The Underground Railroad: A Novel What Griggs was saying was true, but it was simply utterly impossible for me to calculate, to scheme, to act, to plot all the time. Black Boy Many schemes were put forward but none of them was any good. برنامه

scheme

set aside Definitions of set aside verb give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause "She sets aside time for meditation every day" synonyms: allow, appropriate, earmark, reserve see less type of: allot, assign, portion give out verb make inoperative or stop synonyms: suspend see less type of: alter, change, modify cause to change; make different; cause a transformation Usage Examples So she set aside the box and the books, and carefully put everything else back in the garbage bag. Eleanor & Park The Indians who adopted it were setting aside millennia of tradition in favor of a new technology. 1491 They looked the other way when he set aside scraps of materials. Between Shades of Gray She tried to set aside her troubling thoughts and pay attention to the worker s voice and explanations. کنار گذاشتن

set aside

shepherds Definitions of shepherdess noun a woman shepherd see less type of: sheepherder, sheepman, shepherd a herder of sheep (on an open range); someone who keeps the sheep together in a flock Usage Examples It was my idea that we disguise ourselves as a rustic and a shepherdess, for the lovers in Gertrude's romances often did so. Ophelia The fire moved faster than we did, we the young and elderly shepherdesses of dead insects. The Poisonwood Bible They would offer to exchange the little shepherdess for the squirrel. Flora & Ulysses: The Illuminated Adventures The hour was almost upon me, so in haste I donned my shepherdess costume. چوپانان

shepherds

significance Definitions of significance noun the quality of being significant "do not underestimate the significance of nuclear power" see less Antonyms: insignificance the quality of having little or no significance types: show 6 types... type of: importance the quality of being important and worthy of note noun the message that is intended or expressed or signified "the significance of a red traffic light" synonyms: import, meaning, signification see less types: show 20 types... type of: content, message, subject matter, substance what a communication that is about something is about noun a meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred "the significance of his remark became clear only later" synonyms: implication, import, subtext see less type of: meaning, substance the idea that is intended Usage Examples The significance of this was not lost on me. Life of Pi To understand the significance of Morgan's discovery, we need to return to Mendel. The Gene Nor the significance of that preserve in connection with the significance of yours. Fablehaven To grasp the significance of these two discoveries, we need to transport ourselves back to the sound world of that period, one thousand five hundred years ago. word family significance significant sign signed signs signify اهمیت

significance

sleds If you want to slide down a snowy hill, hop on a sled! A sled can be simple and plastic, or it can be more complicated, with wood and metal runners, like the kind that huskies pull across the tundra. Mush! Sleds sit on runners made to glide over an icy or snowy surface. Large sleds can seat several riders and are pulled by one or more horses, while dog sleds pull one or two people and are usually pulled by several dogs. The sled you get out of the garage in the winter is made of plastic, wood, or metal, and it's meant to slide fast downhill. In the U.K., the word for a sled is sledge. Definitions of sled noun a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow synonyms: sledge, sleigh see less types: show 6 types... type of: vehicle a conveyance that transports people or objects verb ride (on) a sled synonyms: sleigh see less types: dogsled, mush travel with a dogsled bob, bobsled ride a bobsled luge, toboggan move along on a luge or toboggan type of: ride be carried or travel on or in a vehicle Usage Examples And the sled itself seemed to be poised at the top of a long, extended mound that rose from the very land where he was. The Giver He wasn't supposed to sled by himself, but no one was there to notice. Breadcrumbs The fence was probably there to keep people from getting onto the highway and doing stupid things—like sledding into the fast lane on snack trays—blit the chain-link was full of big holes. The Son of Neptune After school he forgot about the bird in a flurry of snowballs and the crackle of sled runners on Valentine's Hill. سورتمه

sleds

specimen A specimen is a sample of something, like a specimen of blood or body tissue that is taken for medical testing. The noun specimen comes from the Latin word specere, meaning "to look." Biologists collect specimens so they can get a better look at something to study it. The idea is that, with a good specimen, you can learn about an entire group: it's a good representation. That meaning is echoed in the slang use of specimen, a strong, healthy and attractive person. Definitions of specimen noun a bit of tissue or blood or urine that is taken for diagnostic purposes "they collected a urine specimen for urinalysis" see less types: cytologic specimen a specimen used for cytologic examination and diagnosis cytologic smear, cytosmear, smear a thin tissue or blood sample spread on a glass slide and stained for cytologic examination and diagnosis under a microscope type of: sample all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class noun an example regarded as typical of its class see less type of: example, illustration, instance, representative an item of information that is typical of a class or group Usage Examples It was not an event of much moment; but my memory of it is clear, and it will act as a serviceable specimen of the conversations among our academicians. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party "But the T. nutricula specimen he sent me was huge, more than three hundred millimeters." The Fourteenth Goldfish Charles did not stop using his children as specimens. Charles and Emma: The Darwins' Leap of Faith I became increasingly aware that the man was staring at me, not impolitely, but as though he were studying an unknown specimen. گونه

specimen

submarine If you're in the Navy, a submarine is a military ship that goes under the water. If you're hungry, it's a type of sandwich. This word mainly refers to a vessel that travels underwater and is armed with torpedoes — also known as a U-boat. But you can submarine someone by attacking them with a submarine or bringing them down with a blow to the legs. A disappointment can submarine — or sink — your hopes and dreams. In the kitchen, a submarine is what you call a long, crusty sandwich filled with meats and cheese — also known as a sub, grinder, hero, or hoagie. Definitions of submarine noun a submersible warship usually armed with torpedoes synonyms: U-boat, pigboat, sub see more noun a large sandwich made of a long crusty roll split lengthwise and filled with meats and cheese (and tomato and onion and lettuce and condiments); different names are used in different sections of the United States synonyms: Cuban sandwich, Italian sandwich, bomber, grinder, hero, hero sandwich, hoagie, hoagy, poor boy, sub, submarine sandwich, torpedo, wedge, zep see more adjective beneath the surface of the sea synonyms: undersea subsurface beneath the surface verb attack by submarine "The Germans submarined the Allies" see less type of: assail, attack launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with verb control a submarine see less type of: control, operate handle and cause to function verb move forward or under in a sliding motion "The child was injured when he submarined under the safety belt of the car" see less type of: skid, slew, slide, slip, slue move obliquely or sideways, usually in an uncontrolled manner verb bring down with a blow to the legs see less type of: cut down, down, knock down, pull down, push down cause to come or go down verb throw with an underhand motion see less type of: flip, pitch, sky, toss throw or toss with a light motion Usage Examples The tank, the submarine, the torpedo, the machine gun, even the rifle and the hand grenade are still in use. 1984 A third ship surfaced from beneath, like a submarine from a horror show. Tristan Strong Punches a Hole in the Sky They made this annoying metallic screeching sound that reminded me of submarine radar. The Sea of Monsters "He already serves the Fatherland by building submarines." زیردریایی

submarine

supply ship Definitions of supply ship noun ship that usually provides supplies to other ships synonyms: tender see less type of: ship a vessel that carries passengers or freight Usage Examples Turner was forced to sail away with his supply ships only half unloaded. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two I thought of the American supply ship, sailing away. Between Shades of Gray In 1968, he joined the Navy and served on a supply ship in Vietnam. Seattle TimesOct 22, 2010 The bottles were launched into space and brought to the International Space Station in November 2019 aboard a Northrop Grumman supply ship. حمل و نقل کشتی

supply ship

sustainable If something is sustainable, then it can be maintained or continued. A 5-minute mile pace probably isn't sustainable for anyone other than Olympic marathon runners. These days this adjective is often used to describe something that has a low long-term effect on the environment, like "sustainable agriculture" — a method of farming that doesn't ravage the land, deplete resources permanently, or produce a great deal of pollution. Break down the word into two parts: sustain and able, to visualize and remember that you're able to sustain something sustainable. adjective capable of being sustained see more adjective using methods that do not cause long-term harm to the environment see less Antonyms: unsustainable using methods that cause harm to the environment bout means : survey contest favor gesture Usage Examples: Having seized the lead, Cal dropped its rate down a bit, to a more sustainable thirty-two, and Grover Clark began blowing his whistle in time with the stroke count. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics To Joel, sustainable organic farming means using this free solar energy instead of fossil fuel energy. The Omnivore's Dilemma It's based on small family farms like Salatin's, which practice true sustainable farming. The Omnivore's Dilemma There was never a question that Cherry Hill wasn't built as a sustainable community for its families. Word Family: sustain sustainable sustainability sustained پایدار

sustainable

tissue Tissue is part of the body of a living thing that is made of similar cells, like the cardiac tissue of your heart. A tissue is also a soft, thin piece of paper used for wiping noses and tear drops. The noun tissue comes from the Old French word tissu, meaning "a ribbon, or belt of woven material." In fact, as a verb, tissue means "weave fabric strands." Today, we think of tissues as the disposable paper for blowing our noses or packing presents. A different kind of tissue is found in the body — the groups of cells that have the same job, like scar tissue that protects a wound as it heals. Definitions of tissue noun part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells having a similar structure and function see less types: show 27 types... type of: body part any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity noun a soft thin (usually translucent) paper synonyms: tissue paper see less types: show 5 types... type of: paper a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses verb create a piece of cloth by interlacing strands of fabric, such as wool or cotton "tissue textiles" synonyms: weave see less types: show 6 types... type of: create from raw material, create from raw stuff make from scratch Usage Examples Put the human body under pressure, and that nitrogen is transformed into tiny bubbles that migrate into the blood and tissues. A Short History of Nearly Everything Oysters and clams may concentrate these poisons in their digestive organs and other tissues. Silent Spring With the machines, the scientists study blood flow in the brain, look at electrical wave patterns, and create images of ultra-thin slices of neurological tissue. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age In cases of ambiguous gender, you looked at the gonadal tissue under the microscope. word family tissue tissues بافت

tissue

turn down To turn down is to reduce something, like the way you turn down your music after your mom asks half a dozen times, or to refuse something, like the way you turn down an invitation to a party you don't want to attend. The phrase Turn down can be used in a variety of ways. You can turn down your own enthusiasm or the air conditioning blasting in your car — anything you want to decrease. And when someone makes an offer you have to refuse, you can also turn that down: "I'm sorry to turn down this opportunity to dress as an elf in the Christmas parade, but my pointy shoes are at the cleaners." Definitions of turn down verb take a downward direction "The economy finally turned down after a long boom" see less type of: decline, worsen grow worse verb make lower or quieter "turn down the volume of a radio" synonyms: lour, lower see less type of: decrease, lessen, minify make smaller verb refuse to accept synonyms: decline, pass up, refuse, reject disdain, freeze off, pooh-pooh, reject, scorn, spurn reject with contempt see less Antonyms: accept, have, take receive willingly something given or offered show more antonyms... types: dishonor, dishonour refuse to accept bounce refuse to accept and send back verb refuse entrance or membership synonyms: refuse, reject, turn away disdain, freeze off, pooh-pooh, reject, scorn, spurn reject with contempt see less Antonyms: admit, allow in, intromit, let in allow to enter; grant entry to show more antonyms... verb reject with contempt synonyms: disdain, freeze off, pooh-pooh, reject, scorn, spurn decline, pass up, refuse, reject refuse to accept refuse, reject, turn away refuse entrance or membership see less types: rebuff, repel, snub reject outright and bluntly type of: balk, decline, refuse show unwillingness towards Usage Examples At the top, I turn down the long hall. The Help "You can't turn down offers like that! Do you want this project to survive or not?" The Subtle Knife Edd's mouth turned down even more than usual. A Dance with Dragons "Oh...I couldn't," Emily said, even though it killed her to turn down a book رد کردن

turn down

vehicles A vehicle gets you or your stuff where it needs to go. Even though the grocery store is only a few block away, you'll probably want to use a vehicle to get there, so you won't have to carry your groceries all the way home. A vehicle is anything that transports a person or thing, usually a car. But a vehicle can be a truck, a plane, a bus, a blimp or even a shopping cart, anything that transports people or things. Vehicle is also often used in the sense of a medium of expression. For example, if you're an artist, your art is the vehicle for your creative ideas. Some people believe that bread is just a vehicle for mayonnaise. Definitions of vehicle noun a conveyance that transports people or objects see less types: show 52 types... type of: conveyance, transport something that serves as a means of transportation noun any substance that facilitates the use of a drug or pigment or other material that is mixed with it see less type of: substance a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties noun a medium for the expression or achievement of something "his editorials provided a vehicle for his political views" "a congregation is a vehicle of group identity" "the play was just a vehicle to display her talents" see less type of: medium a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information noun any inanimate object (as a towel or money or clothing or dishes or books or toys etc.) that can transmit infectious agents from one person to another synonyms: fomite see less type of: object, physical object a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow Usage Examples: National Guard troops raced through the area in armored vehicles dodging sniper fire and shooting at shadows. The Best of Enemies I listened for the sound of a vehicle approaching. Endangered I'm not fantasizing about being thrown from a moving vehicle. Eleanor & Park Dotted along the way were disabled military vehicles. وسیله نقلیه

vehicles

via by the means of

via

viable When something is viable, it has the ability to grow or function properly. A viable seed can develop into a plant, while a viable company has the resources to succeed. The adjective viable refers to something able to function properly and even grow. It is made up of the Latin root vita, which means "life," and the ending -able, which means "to be possible." In terms of science or botany, when a plant is viable it can live and flourish in an environment such as a cactus in the desert. Consider also the Wright brothers, who were the first to develop a viable airplane after many tries and spectacular failures. adjective capable of life or normal growth and development "viable seeds" "a viable fetus" Synonyms: alive, live possessing life adjective capable of being done with means at hand and circumstances as they are synonyms: executable, feasible, practicable, workable possible capable of happening or existing viable means : momentous workable impersonal unaccountable زنده،قابل دوام

viable

volcanic If something is volcanic, it's violently explosive, like the volcanic eruption from a mountain or a two-year-old's volcanic temper tantrum after skipping his afternoon nap. Use this adjective to describe anything related to volcanoes, like volcanic ash and rock left behind after a volcanic eruption, or the volcanic activity picked up by a scientist's equipment. It's also a great way to talk about emotions that are (figuratively, at least) as volatile as a volcano. If your sister's mood is volcanic, you'll want to steer clear of her. The source of both volcanic and volcano is the Roman god of fire, Vulcan. Definitions of volcanic adjective relating to or produced by or consisting of volcanoes "volcanic steam" "volcanic islands such as Iceland" "a volcanic cone is a conical mountain or hill built up of material from volcanic eruptions" adjective igneous rock produced by eruption and solidified on or near the earth's surface; rhyolite or andesite or basalt "volcanic rock includes the volcanic glass obsidian" Synonyms: extrusive of rock material; forced out while molten through cracks in the earth's surface adjective explosively unstable "a volcanic temper" Synonyms: unstable lacking stability or fixity or firmness Usage Examples "So this is volcanic ash. How long before it leaves?" The Dead and the Gone He doesn't realize there are earthquakes and tsunamis and volcanic eruptions destroying my brain and my heart and my soul. Starfish They would emerge a short distance away, sometimes three or four of them, a shortlived archipelago of volcanic islands. Life of Pi In its wake it leaves the sort of rich volcanic plains that are ideal for growing potatoes, as Idaho's farmers long ago discovered. آتشفشانی

volcanic

wealth The word wealth has many shades of meaning, but most involve having a lot of something — often money or something else that's valuable. You might have a wealth of experience, or you might have great personal wealth. First used in the mid-13th century, the noun wealth can mean having a lot of material goods or money. A person with this kind of wealth may have a chateau in Italy with a vineyard and a personal yacht. Wealth can also mean a big supply of something. The birth of a newborn baby will surely bring a wealth of happiness and joy to a family. Definitions of wealth noun property that has economic utility: a monetary value or an exchange value see less types: money wealth reckoned in terms of money big bucks, big money, bundle, megabucks, pile a large sum of money (especially as pay or profit) type of: belongings, holding, property something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone noun the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money "great wealth is not a sign of great intelligence" synonyms: wealthiness see less Antonyms: impoverishment, poorness, poverty the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions types: show 7 types... type of: financial condition the condition of (corporate or personal) finances noun an abundance of material possessions and resources synonyms: riches see less types: show 6 types... type of: material resource assets in the form of material possessions noun the quality of profuse abundance "she has a wealth of talent" see less type of: abundance, copiousness, teemingness the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply Usage Examples Her wealth, power, and ambition were the fuel that would propel him forward. Sterling Biographies®: Cleopatra: Egypt's Last and Greatest Queen There were riots there, and men tumbled olT the piers, pushed by crowds; wealth would not deign to pass through those quarters, for fear of what was yelled and what was thrown. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume I: The Pox Party "Prove trustworthy, become my Champion, and wealth and glory will be yours eternal." Throne of Glass You must stroll through the Pacific at a walking pace, so to speak, to see the wealth and abundance that it holds. ثروت

wealth

wisdom Wisdom is the combination of experience, knowledge and careful judgment. If you've got it, you're "wise." If you haven't, well don't worry, most of us don't either. Wisdom is also the term we give to the sum total of a culture's knowledge and application of that knowledge, acquired over time. We talk about "the wisdom of the ancient Greeks," for example, meaning everything about their culture from their scientific and philosophical discoveries to the art and culture they created. Don't confuse wisdom with knowledge — which is merely the accumulation of facts with no sense of what meaning to make from them. Definitions of wisdom noun accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment see less types: abstruseness, abstrusity, profoundness, profundity, reconditeness wisdom that is recondite and abstruse and profound type of: cognitive content, content, mental object the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned noun the trait of utilizing knowledge and experience with common sense and insight synonyms: wiseness see less Antonyms: folly, foolishness, unwiseness the trait of acting stupidly or rashly types: show 6 types... type of: trait a distinguishing feature of your personal nature noun ability to apply knowledge or experience or understanding or common sense and insight synonyms: sapience see less types: show 7 types... type of: know-how the (technical) knowledge and skill required to do something noun the quality of being prudent and sensible synonyms: soundness, wiseness see less Antonyms: unsoundness not mentally or physically healthy types: advisability the quality of being advisable reasonableness goodness of reason and judgment sensibleness the quality of showing good sense or practical judgment type of: good, goodness that which is pleasing or valuable or useful Usage Examples I call his house again and leave a message saying it's just me needing some wisdom. Native Speaker It's the kind of wisdom that someone acquires after a lifetime of learning and watching and doing. Blink He was old and bearded, but when he spoke or walked I felt the dignity of his many years and wisdom. Bless Me, Ultima A thousand eyes, a hundred skins, wisdom deep as the roots of ancient trees. حکمت

wisdom

absorbed adjective retained without reflection "the absorbed light intensity" Synonyms: unreflected (especially of incident sound or light) not turned back by physical reflection adjective giving or marked by complete attention to synonyms: captive, engrossed, enwrapped, intent, wrapped attentive (often followed by `to') giving care or attention. The opposite of unwary is: Mom, who is totally absorbed in her own state of affairs most of the time, decides to pick this day of all days to "reconnect" with me. Saints and Misfits Titian himself was a fine draftsman and absorbed the influence of Michelangelo. History of Art, Volume 1 He was absorbed in the excitement over the tea, over the secret meeting tonight. Johnny Tremain It may be absorbed through the skin, may be breathed in as a spray or dust, and of course is absorbed from the digestive tract if residues are swallowed. Word Family absorb absorbed absorbing جذب شده

absorbed

accelerate Accelerate means to speed up. A car accelerates when you step on the gas. You can accelerate the process of getting a visa if you happen to know someone who works in the consulate. The fastest Amtrak trains are called the Acela line, a made-up word intended to suggest accelerate and therefore communicate that these trains are fast. If you are standing close to one when it zooms by, you may find yourself having an accelerated heart rate — they move pretty fast! Definitions of accelerate verb move faster "The car accelerated" synonyms: quicken, speed, speed up see less Antonyms: decelerate, retard, slow, slow down, slow up lose velocity; move more slowly types: brisk, brisk up, brisken become brisk type of: deepen, intensify become more intense verb cause to move faster "He accelerated the car" synonyms: speed, speed up see less Antonyms: decelerate, slow down reduce the speed of type of: alter, change, modify cause to change; make different; cause a transformation Usage Examples That buildup began with the rise of agriculture starting about 10,000 years ago and then accelerated with the rise of cities starting several thousand years ago. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies He delivered the report to Roosevelt on November 27, with a covering letter stating that he was forming an engineering team and accelerating all other necessary research. Big Science "I probably might just fit in one of those double-barreled accelerated courses in elementary German they've rigged up." The Bell Jar Thus these regions would also expand in an accelerating inflationary manner. word family accelerate accelerated acceleration شتاب می گیرد

accelerate

advocates An advocate (AD-və-kit) is someone who supports a cause, like an advocate for outdoor recess. Advocate (AD-və-kate) is also a verb meaning to speak in favor of, so you can advocate for that outdoor recess by urging your school to play outside! As a noun, an advocate is a person who represents another person's interests, like a lawyer does. In fact, the word comes from the courtroom — it's from Latin advocare, to "add" a "voice." To advocate is to add a voice of support to a cause or person. An advocate is anyone who adds that voice by representing another person in court, or by supporting or working toward a particular course of action. Definitions of advocate noun a person who pleads for a person, cause, or idea synonyms: advocator, exponent, proponent see less types: show 76 types... type of: individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul a human being noun a lawyer who pleads cases in court synonyms: counsel, counsellor, counselor, counselor-at-law, pleader see less type of: attorney, lawyer a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice verb speak, plead, or argue in favor of "The doctor advocated a smoking ban in the entire house" synonyms: preach see more verb push for something synonyms: recommend, urge see less type of: advise, propose, suggest make a proposal, declare a plan for something Usage Examples Not surprisingly, as civil rights advocates converted a grassroots movement into a legal campaign, and as civil rights leaders became political insiders, many civil rights organizations became top-heavy with lawyers. The New Jim Crow Later, after he was released, he applied to the bar for admission as an advocate. Long Walk to Freedom But for the rest of her life she advocated small weddings in ordinary clothes. The God of Small Things Just last week, the lot of them were celebrating—with cigars and sparkling cider—the murder of a journalist in Miami who advocated reestablishing ties with Cuba. طرفداران

advocates

affected Something that's affected is influenced or acted upon. If a bottle of ointment says "apply to the affected area," you should put the medication only on the parts of your skin that touched the poison ivy. One of the most common vocabulary mix-ups is effect and affect: effect is usually a noun, and affect is usually a verb that means "to influence" of "act upon." Affected is the adjective form of the verb. After a flood, affected homeowners might try to get insurance. A sad movie might leave you deeply affected. The word can also refer to behavior that's done only to impress someone: if you're acting affected, you might use big, fake melodramatic gestures. adjective speaking or behaving in an artificial way to make an impression synonyms: unnatural agonistic, strained struggling for effect artificial, contrived, hokey, stilted artificially formal constrained, forced, strained lacking spontaneity; not natural elocutionary (used of style of speaking) overly embellished mannered having unnatural mannerisms plummy (of a voice) affectedly mellow and rich studied produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation see less Antonyms: unaffected free of artificiality; sincere and genuine. affected means : steady remaining touched financial Usage Examples: At school, they explained how it affected you. Uglies Many of the affected children, known as the "Lost Generation," never made up the missing grades of education. Hidden Figures "Besides, she was starting to look noticeably affected—drained and pale, and she even mentioned the headaches." Throne of Glass "You heard what Fudge said. Black isn't affected by Azkaban like normal people are. It's not a punishment for him like it is for the others." ماثر

affected

aid Aid is what you do when you help someone — you come to their aid. Rich countries provide economic aid to poor countries, and if you cut your hand, you'll be looking in the first aid kit for a Band-Aid. You can also use aid as a verb: "The librarian will aid you in your search." English has some words with meanings related to aid, but they're spelled with an -e on the end, because they come from the French. A nurse's aide is someone who assists a nurse. An aide-de-camp is a close assistant and confidant to a military officer, a word often shortened to just aide, to refer to an assistant to a political official. Definitions of aid noun the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose "rescue party went to their aid" synonyms: assist, assistance, help see less types: show 27 types... type of: activity any specific behavior noun the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something synonyms: attention, care, tending see less types: show 44 types... type of: work activity directed toward making or doing something noun a resource "visual aids in teaching" synonyms: assistance, help see less type of: resource a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed noun money to support a worthy person or cause synonyms: economic aid, financial aid see less examples: European Recovery Program a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952); named after George Marshall types: show 13 types... type of: gift something acquired without compensation verb give help or assistance; be of service synonyms: assist, help see less types: show 16 types... type of: back up, support give moral or psychological support, aid, or courage to verb improve the condition of synonyms: help see less types: bring around, cure, heal provide a cure for, make healthy again benefit, do good be beneficial for recuperate restore to good health or strength type of: ameliorate, amend, better, improve, meliorate to make better aid means : affair decision current assistance Usage Examples The San Piedro Review printed a reminder to its readers that it was pledged to remain silent on military news that might comfort or aid the enemy. Snow Falling on Cedars: A Novel An old woman, aided by two young girls. Wishtree Hale was aided by his own array of lawyers—some of the "ablest legal talent of Oklahoma," as one newspaper put it. Killers of the Flower Moon What is this all in aid of, what does he do?' کمک

aid

ambiguity Something with ambiguity is unclear. Think about the sentence, "Jill saw the man with binoculars." If you are wondering whether Jill or the man had the binoculars, you are noticing the ambiguity, or the double meaning, of this sentence. Lawyers word contracts to avoid ambiguity, but in doing so prevent anyone who is not a lawyer from understanding what they have written! If you can't choose between two decisions because both seem somehow wrong, you are dealing with moral ambiguity. Imagine if a friend who has helped you out many times asks you to cheat. It's wrong to cheat but it also seems wrong not to help someone who has been there for you. Definitions of ambiguity noun unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning synonyms: equivocalness see less Antonyms: unambiguity, unequivocalness clarity achieved by the avoidance of ambiguity types: equivocation, evasiveness, prevarication intentionally vague or ambiguous lexical ambiguity, polysemy the ambiguity of an individual word or phrase that can be used (in different contexts) to express two or more different meanings no man's land, twilight zone the ambiguous region between two categories or states or conditions (usually containing some features of both) type of: unclearness incomprehensibility as a result of not being clear noun an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context see less types: show 4 types... type of: expression, locution, saying a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations Usage Examples Pushing the not next to the phrase it negates eliminates the scope ambiguity. The Sense of Style The barrier is clear in principle, although there are inevitable ambiguities in practice. The Invention of Science A second ambiguity occurs, as here, in discussing historical events which don't quite count as actions. The Invention of Science Oracular ambiguity or statistical probability provides loopholes, and discrepancies are expunged by Faith ابهام

ambiguity

ancestry Have a family tree hanging on the wall? Then you know a bit about your ancestry, or family history and lineage. If you think ancestry sounds like ancestor, then you're headed in the right direction. Ancestry is basically a history of ancestors, a trail of where your family started and all the descendants that followed. But ancestry goes much further than just your great-great-grand uncle's brother. You can also use the word ancestry to refer to the background of things other than people — such as the ancestry of a building or the ancestry of a nation Definitions of ancestry noun the lineage of an individual synonyms: blood, blood line, bloodline, descent, line, line of descent, lineage, origin, parentage, pedigree, stemma, stock see less types: show 7 types... type of: family tree, genealogy successive generations of kin noun inherited properties shared with others of your bloodline synonyms: derivation, filiation, lineage see less types: descent, extraction, origin properties attributable to your ancestry bloodline, pedigree ancestry of a purebred animal full blood descent from parents both of one pure breed type of: hereditary pattern, inheritance (genetics) attributes acquired via biological heredity from the parents Usage Examples Indeed, the emperor reminded them, his own family was of Sabine ancestry. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind In no other instance is the ancestry mentioned. Zeitoun Given the inheritance rules for mitochondrial DNA, the conclusion that Indians and Siberians share common ancestry seems, to geneticists, inescapable. 1491 Political scientists are divided over whether the twenty- five million people of Mexican ancestry in the United States represent an exception to the classic immigrant success story. اصل و نسب

ancestry

anecdotes A short, amusing true story is an anecdote. You might come back from a crazy spring break with a lot of anecdotes to tell. The roots of anecdote lie in the Greek word anekdota, meaning "unpublished." The word's original sense in English was "secret or private stories" — tales not fit for print, so to speak. It can still have connotations of unreliability, as in the phrase "anecdotal information." But the most common sense today is that of "a funny story about something that happened." Definitions of anecdote noun short account of an incident (especially a biographical one) see less type of: account, report the act of informing by verbal report Usage Examples He was the first boyfriend in whom I confided about my family—really confided, the truth and not just amusing anecdotes. Educated "I shall use this anecdote in my book." Half of a Yellow Sun Anyway he related long pointless anecdotes of his undergraduate days, speaking familiarly of dead and departed professors by their first names, usually incorrect ones. The Sound and the Fury He was known for anecdotes, and parables from Syria, quotations from the Qur'an, stories from his travels around the world حکایت ها

anecdotes

announce Announce means to make something public. Companies announce the release of new products, parents announce the marriages of their children, and school administrators announce changes to the day's schedule over the PA. Announce has some subtler meanings as well—you might inadvertently announce your attention to go for the basket by looking at it during a game. You might very intentionally announce that you are never eating pizza again, if you want everyone you know to be aware of this. Definitions of announce verb make known; make an announcement synonyms: denote see less types: show 18 types... type of: inform impart knowledge of some fact, state or affairs, or event to verb announce publicly or officially synonyms: declare see less types: promulgate put a law into effect by formal declaration type of: say, state, tell express in words verb give the names of "He announced the winners of the spelling bee" see less type of: identify, name give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property verb foreshadow or presage synonyms: annunciate, foretell, harbinger, herald see less type of: tell let something be known Usage Examples The front doors open, and the Beauty Minister is announced. The Belles One day over lunch Ethel announced that when she was old enough, she intended to spread the Christian word to African primitives. The Underground Railroad: A Novel But it is also true that if the last judgment were announced, the first and proper thought of all ladies would be "What shall I wear?" Travels with Charley in Search of America When C.P. announced that he was giving in on the issue, the other conservatives went along. اعلام کرد

announce

antarctic Definitions of Antarctica noun an extremely cold continent at the south pole almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle; covered by an ice cap up to 13,000 feet deep "Antarctica is twice the size of Australia" synonyms: Antarctic continent see less example of: continent one of the large landmasses of the earth Usage Examples Jellyfish populations are getting so huge, they are stealing the food supply from animals you'd never expect—even penguins in Antarctica. The Thing About Jellyfish There are even suggestions that mountains as far south as the Shackleton Range in Antarctica may be fragments of the Appalachian family. A Walk in the Woods Summers he worked for scientists conducting geologic research in Antarctica or escorted climbers into New Zealand's Southern Alps. Into Thin Air In terms of precipitation, she observes, Antarctica "is the driest large area on Earth, drier overall than any large desert." قطب جنوب

antarctic

ashamed When you have done something you know you shouldn't have, or just something embarrassing, you feel ashamed, or remorseful. Don't be ashamed of your unusual dance moves — you were the life of the party! The word ashamed has, in some form, been around since before the 11th Century. You might feel less ashamed of your mistakes if you're able to learn from them. As Jonathan Swift put it, "A man should never be ashamed to own that he has been in the wrong, which is but saying... that he is wiser today than yesterday." Definitions of ashamed adjective feeling shame or guilt or embarrassment or remorse "are you ashamed for having lied?" "felt ashamed of my torn coat" Synonyms: discredited, disgraced, dishonored, shamed suffering shame embarrassed, humiliated, mortified made to feel uncomfortable because of shame or wounded pride guilty, hangdog, shamed, shamefaced showing a sense of guilt shamefaced, sheepish showing a sense of shame penitent, repentant feeling or expressing remorse for misdeeds see less Antonyms: unashamed used of persons or their behavior; feeling no shame Usage Examples It was nearly dawn when he remembered Luna, alone in a cell in Azkaban, surrounded by dementors, and he suddenly felt ashamed of himself. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows She was ashamed of stealing after him like this, but it was his own fault. Inkheart She hesitated, and for a moment looked ashamed. Educated I felt something collapsing inside me, sticks snapping, logs on fire splitting and falling, and I suddenly felt so ashamed. شرمنده

ashamed

attributed An attribute is a quality or characteristic given to a person, group, or some other thing. Your best attribute might be your willingness to help others, like when you stopped traffic so the duck family could cross the street. Attribute comes from the Latin verb attribuere, which is made up the prefix ad, meaning "to," and tribuere meaning "give or bestow." As a verb, to attribute is to give credit, like if you attribute the A on your test to all that hard studying. In Greek and Roman mythology an attribute will often stand in for a character such as Zeus's lightning bolt or Poseidon's trident. Definitions of attribute noun an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity see less types: show 369 types... type of: abstract entity, abstraction a general concept formed by extracting common features from specific examples noun a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished synonyms: dimension, property see less types: show 15 types... type of: concept, conception, construct an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances verb decide as to where something belongs in a scheme synonyms: assign see less types: classify, relegate assign to a class or kind type of: evaluate, judge, pass judgment form a critical opinion of verb attribute or credit to "We attributed this quotation to Shakespeare" synonyms: ascribe, assign, impute impute attribute (responsibility or fault) to a cause or source see less types: show 10 types... type of: evaluate, judge, pass judgment form a critical opinion of Usage Examples The Zanesville syndicate looked at all the best natural qualities of the country and decided to attribute them to Odessa whether they were there or not. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream We're told that this too is to be attributed not to any biological shortcomings but to social disadvantages and limited opportunities. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies They would attribute their attitudes to some more obvious, logical cause. The Tipping Point She, too, was thinner, something I always attributed to stress. attribute attributes attributed نسبت داده

attributed

biodiversity When you have a many different plants and animals living in one place, you have biodiversity. The Amazon rain forest is rich in biodiversity. Biodiversity is a shortened form of two words: biological diversity. Biological refers to the study of life forms; diversity means "many" and "different." Construction, pollution, and climate change threaten many different species of plants and animals — these developments threaten biodiversity. Scientists know that the earth's health is related to biodiversity, and one of the main missions of the environmental movement is preserving biodiversity. Definitions of biodiversity noun the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole) "a high level of biodiversity is desirable" see less type of: diverseness, diversity, multifariousness, variety noticeable heterogeneity Usage Examples The other kids in the class fidgeted, and even Mr. Roberts stopped every so often to dab at his forehead with an off-white handkerchief before continuing to lecture the disinterested, overheated students about biodiversity. Anger Is a Gift As we've seen, this means that a pasture holds a dozen or more types of plants—a real example of biodiversity. The Omnivore's Dilemma Despite the island's biodiversity, an estimated 85 percent of the food in Puerto Rico is imported. New York TimesOct 26, 2020 He runs Nature Tarifa, a company that offers all manner of nautical excursions, but is most passionate about the rich biodiversity of the area. تنوع زیستی

biodiversity

blame Blame is about being responsible for something that's bad or has gone wrong. If you have a headache, you might blame it on the heat, or on not getting enough sleep. A person can be to blame for something. Your mom might walk into the house, see a broken lamp and blame you. Often, in official contexts, blame is "assigned" or "placed." A common complaint among younger siblings is, "Why do I always get blamed for everything?" Definitions of blame noun an accusation that one is responsible for some lapse or misdeed "the police laid the blame on the driver" synonyms: incrimination, inculpation see less types: self-incrimination an accusation that incriminates yourself type of: accusal, accusation a formal charge of wrongdoing brought against a person; the act of imputing blame or guilt noun a reproach for some lapse or misdeed "he took the blame for it" synonyms: rap see less type of: reproach a mild rebuke or criticism verb put or pin the blame on synonyms: fault see less Antonyms: absolve, free, justify let off the hook type of: accuse, charge blame for, make a claim of wrongdoing or misbehavior against verb attribute responsibility to "We blamed the accident on her" synonyms: charge see less type of: ascribe, assign, attribute, impute attribute or credit to verb harass with constant criticism synonyms: find fault, pick see more adjective expletives used informally as intensifiers "it's a blamed shame" "a blame cold winter" Synonyms: cursed, curst deserving a curse; sometimes used as an intensifier Usage Examples I thought you left because you blamed me." We Are the Ants Furthermore, whoever would name their offspring after the Emancipation Proclamation should blame themselves for any misprint. Moon Over Manifest Can you blame me for staring at her all day long? The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian I burned them all on a bonfire of blame. سرزنش

blame

bloodthirsty Someone who's bloodthirsty is savage and murderous, or is very quick to resort to violence. A bloodthirsty general might launch one attack after another, eager to kill as many enemy soldiers as possible. A bloodthirsty government is one that enthusiastically wages war with other countries and might even be casual about violently suppressing its own citizens. You can also describe a book or a movie this way, if it's full of gratuitous, gory scenes: "What a bloodthirsty zombie film that was last night." The word has been around since the 16th century, possibly influenced by a word with similar imagery in Greek, haimodipsos. Definitions of bloodthirsty adjective marked by eagerness to resort to violence and bloodshed "bloodthirsty yells" synonyms: bloody-minded, sanguinary bloody having or covered with or accompanied by blood Usage Examples Her hair's particularly bloodthirsty tonight, snaking all around the room, swarming the furniture, vining up the legs of chairs, stretching over the walls. I'll Give You the Sun She knew such high ideals were absent from Rowan's training, but it didn't mean he didn't hold onto them in his heart, despite his bloodthirsty mentor. Scythe "May I do that?" asked the Wart, inclined to be bloodthirsty. The Once and Future King But he was not into overkill, and there was nothing bloodthirsty about his hunting habits. خون تشنگی(adj)

bloodthirsty

breed To breed is to have babies, whether you're a human or a hermit crab. A breed is also a specific type of a domesticated species, like a poodle or Great Dane. The word breed comes from the Old English bredan which means to "bring young to birth," but also "cherish," which is how most people feel about their offspring. Awwwww. But the fact is that breeding is reproducing. Also, a breed is a strain or stock of a species, such as a Siamese cat. There are many types of dog breeds, cow breeds, and even pig breeds. Members of a breed usually look and behave in a similar way. Definitions of breed verb cause to procreate (animals) "She breeds dogs" see less types: mongrelise, mongrelize cause to become a mongrel cross, crossbreed, hybridise, hybridize, interbreed breed animals or plants using parents of different races and varieties backcross mate a hybrid of the first generation with one of its parents type of: create, make, produce create or manufacture a man-made product verb have young (animals) or reproduce (organisms) "pandas rarely breed in captivity" synonyms: multiply see less types: pullulate breed freely and abundantly type of: multiply, procreate, reproduce have offspring or produce more individuals of a given animal or plant verb copulate with a female, used especially of horses Synonyms: brood, cover, hatch, incubate sit on (eggs) noun a special variety of domesticated animals within a species "he experimented on a particular breed of white rats" synonyms: stock, strain see less types: bloodstock thoroughbred horses (collectively) pedigree line of descent of a purebred animal type of: animal group a group of animals variety (biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics noun a special type "Google represents a new breed of entrepreneurs" see more verb call forth synonyms: engender, spawn see less type of: cause, do, make give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally Usage Examples When we domesticated the ancestors of these plants and animals—sometimes creatures who looked quite different—we controlled their breeding. Cosmos A second thought always followed the first, one mystery bred another: Was everyone else really as alive as she was? Atonement "Grandma Draper is a thoroughbred Protestant, and Izzy is a thoroughbred Jew. But they don't plan on breeding." The View From Saturday In the spring the shad ran upriver to breed, but they couldn't get past the milldam, and the pool was just swarming with them. نژاد

breed

butterfly A butterfly is a flying insect with a small body and large, often colorful wings. Some gardeners plant specific flowers that attract butterflies. Butterflies are closely related to moths, which also have wings that are large in proportion to their bodies and antennae. A butterfly is distinctive because of its relatively large size and lovely, patterned wings. After hatching, they start as caterpillars, and eventually build a chrysalis, inside of which they transform into — and emerge as — a butterfly. The origin of butterfly isn't certain, though it may come from some butterflies' pale yellow color. Definitions of butterfly noun diurnal insect typically having a slender body with knobbed antennae and broad colorful wings see less types: show 25 types... type of: lepidopteran, lepidopteron, lepidopterous insect insect that in the adult state has four wings more or less covered with tiny scales verb flutter like a butterfly see less type of: dart, fleet, flit, flutter move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart noun a swimming stroke in which the arms are thrown forward together out of the water while the feet kick up and down synonyms: butterfly stroke see less type of: swimming stroke a method of moving the arms and legs to push against the water and propel the swimmer forward verb cut and spread open, as in preparation for cooking see less type of: open, spread, spread out, unfold spread out or open from a closed or folded state verb talk or behave amorously, without serious intentions synonyms: chat up, coquet, coquette, dally, flirt, mash, philander, romance see less types: wanton engage in amorous play vamp act seductively with (someone) type of: speak, talk exchange thoughts; talk with Usage Examples They say "Aiken" and you see a white butterfly glance off a fence with a torn wing. The Bluest Eye Vines wrapped the pillars, and epiphytes clung to the ceiling like anemones, or roosting butterflies. Strange the Dreamer The assistant director's office occupies a dusty third-floor corner that overlooks the gardens: walnut-paneled, overheated, decorated with pinned butterflies and beetles in alternating frames. All the Light We Cannot See Half an hour later, when we finally pull into the roped-off section of the Tokyo Dome's side entrance, I've almost calmed the butterflies wreaking havoc in my stomach. پروانه

butterfly

capriciousness Definitions of capriciousness noun the quality of being guided by sudden unpredictable impulses synonyms: unpredictability see less type of: changefulness, inconstancy the quality of being changeable and variable noun the trait of acting unpredictably and more from whim or caprice than from reason or judgment synonyms: arbitrariness, flightiness, whimsey, whimsicality, whimsy see less type of: irresponsibility, irresponsibleness a form of untrustworthiness; the trait of lacking a sense of responsibility and not feeling accountable for your actions Usage Examples Strangely enough, I very nearly caught the essence of teenage capriciousness as I played the role. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings At church Father Mike appeared and disappeared with the capriciousness of a divinity. Middlesex: A Novel When the sublime is vaguely terrifying, it occurred to me, part of the terror is the capriciousness of the universe. New York TimesMar 24, 2016 Both were ever in a hurry, for each knew about the capriciousness and brevity of life. دمدمی مزاج

capriciousness

cautionary When something is cautionary, it's meant to be a warning to you. Your parents might be fond of telling cautionary tales, like the one about the girl who got electrocuted sticking a knife into the toaster. While driving, look for cautionary signs warning you of potential danger: falling rocks, kids crossing, hidden driveway. You might use cautionary words: "Watch your step! There's glass all over the floor!" Don't confuse cautionary with cautious, which means trying to avoid danger. Tell a cautionary tale about someone drowning because he swam too far out into the ocean and an overly cautious kid might decide never to swim again. Definitions of cautionary adjective serving to warn synonyms: admonitory, exemplary, monitory, warning dissuasive deterring from action adjective warding off synonyms: prophylactic protective intended or adapted to afford protection of some kind Usage Examples "And I'm a cautionary tale! Look at me." Strange the Dreamer For anyone who questioned that reality, Private Booker T. Spicely's fate at the hands of a Durham bus driver served as a cautionary tale. The Best of Enemies With this cautionary tale in mind, let us begin by asking a question which seems too obvious to need asking but is in fact an essential preliminary: What is a machine? The Invention of Science We only need to turn to the doctors of Montaigne's day for a cautionary example. word family caution cautious cautiously precaution هشدار دهنده

cautionary

clay Clay is a type of soil or dirt that's made of very small particles. You can mold clay into different shapes when it's wet. Clay is terrible for planting a vegetable garden, but it's perfect for making pottery, tiles, or bricks. You can shape damp clay into a bowl or a cup, and when it's dried and fired in a very hot oven, it becomes extremely hard and sturdy. The Old English root of clay is clæg, "stiff, sticky earth." Definitions of clay noun water-soaked soil; soft, wet earth synonyms: mud see less types: bleaching clay, bleaching earth an adsorbent clay that will remove coloring from oils mud pie a mass of mud that a child has molded into the shape of pie mire, slop deep soft mud in water or slush type of: dirt, soil the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock noun a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired see less types: show 11 types... type of: dirt, soil the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock noun the dead body of a human being "honor comes to bless the turf that wraps their clay" synonyms: cadaver, corpse, remains, stiff see less types: cremains the remains of a dead body after cremation type of: body, dead body a natural object consisting of a dead animal or person Usage Examples In an impressive display of engineering savvy, the Cahokians encapsulated the slab, sealing it off from the air by wrapping it in thin, alternating layers of sand and clay. 1491 In the highlands of Kenya, their bare and sandaled feet pound the shoulders of the highway into braids of red clay. The Hot Zone That is only a statue made of clay and bronze.'" The Poisonwood Bible The clay hypothesis hardly excludes life on Mars, but it certainly carries us far enough to say that there is no compelling evidence for microbiology on Mars. خاک رس

clay

collide It could be protons bouncing around in a particle accelerator, two cars failing to stop at an intersection, or the priorities of two people with very different goals. When things crash together, they collide. The verb collide has roots in the Latin word collidere, which comes from col- or "together" and laedere, "to strike or damage," like planes that collide in midair. Collide can also describe ideas that clash, such as expectations that collide with reality or radical views that collide with tradition. Definitions of collide verb crash together with violent impact "The cars collided" synonyms: clash see less types: smash collide or strike violently and suddenly shock collide violently crash, ram undergo damage or destruction on impact type of: collide with, hit, impinge on, run into, strike hit against; come into sudden contact with verb cause to collide "The physicists collided the particles" see less types: show 4 types... verb be incompatible; be or come into conflict synonyms: clash, jar see less type of: conflict be in conflict Usage Examples Addie almost collides with her and I do a quick study of the two of them, both tall with big bones and their hair cut short almost the same way. The Misfits He deduced this by analyzing the way in which alpha-particles, which are positively charged particles given off by radioactive atoms, are deflected when they collide with atoms. A Brief History of Time: And Other Essays They were past the Really Deep, only yards from the Other Side, when they collided with a floating log and the little boat tipped over. The God of Small Things And then I heard tires squeal, and I turned, and I watched two cars collide. برخورد کردن

collide

collisions A collision is when two or more things smash together. You shouldn't give yourself a pedicure while driving because it might result in a collision, wrecking your car and spoiling your toenail polish to boot. Collision comes from the Latin col-, "together," and lædĕre, "to hurt by striking." When a train hits a car, that's a collision. An asteroid hurtling toward earth is on a "collision course" with our planet. Collision also works for abstract conflicts that get violent or hurt your brain somehow, like the collision between two politicians during a debate, or the collision of colors in your outfit. Definitions of collision noun an accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object "three passengers were killed in the collision" "the collision of the two ships resulted in a serious oil spill" see less types: fender-bender a collision between motor vehicles that produces minor damage pileup multiple collisions of vehicles smash, smash-up a serious collision (especially of motor vehicles) type of: accident an unfortunate mishap; especially one causing damage or injury noun (physics) a brief event in which two or more bodies come together "the collision of the particles resulted in an exchange of energy and a change of direction" synonyms: hit see less type of: contact, impinging, striking the physical coming together of two or more things noun a conflict of opposed ideas or attitudes or goals "a collision of interests" see less type of: conflict, difference, difference of opinion, dispute a disagreement or argument about something important Usage Examples Sometimes the collisions would interleave layers of rock like shuffled playing cards. A Walk in the Woods There's an ungodly collision of brass that finishes with a cymbal's hollow clang. Water for Elephants Galactic collisions distort the shape of an originally spherical cluster and may also contribute to the genesis of spirals and irregulars from ellipticals. Cosmos Instead, for practical purposes the collision of advanced Old World and New World societies began abruptly in A.D برخوردها،تصادم

collisions

colonists A colonist is a member of a government-backed group that settles in a new country or region. The land that's claimed by a colonist is usually already occupied by another group of people. A colonist can also be called a settler, someone who helps start a settlement in a new land. You might think of colonial America and the original colonists, British subjects who settled along the eastern seaboard and claimed the land as their own, despite the presence of native people. Throughout history, colonists have tended to come from Western countries. At the heart of the word colonist is the Latin root colere, "to inhabit, tend, or guard." Definitions of colonist noun a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country synonyms: settler see less examples: show 12 examples... types: show 7 types... type of: migrant, migrator traveler who moves from one region or country to another Usage Examples But in return he wanted the colonists' assistance with the Narragansett. 1491 White English colonists did not create a literate, food-producing, industrial democracy in Australia. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies When Dutch colonists landed at the southern tip of Africa over three hundred years ago, they encountered an indigenous people known as the Khoisan. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood Holmberg's Mistake explained the colonists' view of most Indians as incurably vicious barbarians; its mirror image was the dreamy stereotype of the Indian as a Noble Savage. مهاجر

colonists

commodity A commodity is any useful or valuable thing, especially something that is bought and sold. Grain, coffee, and precious metals are all commodities. The word commodity is usually used in an economic context, as in importing commodities from other countries or trading in the stocks and commodities markets. You probably wouldn't say something like "I'm going to run to the corner store to pick up some commodities." This word can also be used figuratively to refer to anything valuable, like trust or patience. Some people think that honesty is a rare commodity in politics. Definitions of commodity noun articles of commerce synonyms: good, trade good see less types: show 39 types... type of: artefact, artifact a man-made object taken as a whole Usage Examples One of the main commodities returned on those voyages of centuries ago were travelers' tales,* stories of alien lands and ex otic creatures that evoked our sense of wonder and stimulated future exploration. Cosmos The profits to be made from racial stigma are considerable, and the fact that blacks—as well as whites—treat racial oppression as a commodity for consumption is not surprising. The New Jim Crow To them, the land was a commodity to be acquired and sold for the benefit of individuals. An Indigenous People's History of the United States They look at it as a commodity, something to be bought and sold. کالا

commodity

community If a number of people consider themselves one group based on location, work, religion, nationality, or even activity, they can be called a community. If you like to play online games, you are active in the gamer community. The original meaning of Latin communitatem "a sense of fellowship" shifted to mean "a specific group of people with a common interest" during the Middle Ages. The modern English word community has both of these meanings available. Street festivals or school fairs can help to develop a sense of community in schools or neighborhoods. If you start a campaign to clean up the community, you want to make the area you live in more attractive. Definitions of community noun a group of people living in a particular local area "the team is drawn from all parts of the community" see less examples: show 6 examples... types: show 15 types... type of: assemblage, gathering a group of persons together in one place noun a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences synonyms: residential area, residential district see less examples: Georgetown a section of northwestern Washington, D.C. Greenwich Village a mainly residential district of Manhattan; `the Village' became a home for many writers and artists in the 20th century types: show 11 types... type of: district, dominion, territorial dominion, territory a region marked off for administrative or other purposes noun a group of nations having common interests "they hoped to join the NATO community" see less type of: global organization, international organisation, international organization, world organisation, world organization an international alliance involving many different countries noun (ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other synonyms: biotic community see less types: show 4 types... type of: group, grouping any number of entities (members) considered as a unit noun common ownership "they shared a community of possessions" see less type of: ownership the relation of an owner to the thing possessed; possession with the right to transfer possession to others noun agreement as to goals "the preachers and the bootleggers found they had a community of interests" synonyms: community of interests see less type of: accord, agreement harmony of people's opinions or actions or characters Usage Examples "I read the articles about you in the newspapers, and we've gotten a lot of calls. Now you've gone and riled up the bishops from your community." Warriors Don't Cry: A Searing Memoir of the Battle to Integrate Little Rock's Central High When I look up, Jason is staring toward the dark windows of the community center offices. Rules Try being a white person who adopts the trappings of black culture while still living in the white community. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood He left the dwelling shortly after the sky became dark and the community still. جامعه

community

compete In sports you compete against the opposing team. At work you compete for a promotion. With siblings, you compete for everything. Compete means to vie for a goal. The urge to compete is universal and human, from kids who say "Race ya!," to great athletes who manage to achieve the impossible when faced with a worthy opponent. Some people are more inclined to compete than others. They are viewed as competitive and may be accused of turning everything into a competition. Definitions of compete verb compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others synonyms: contend, vie see less types: show 51 types... Usage Examples The New England farmers couldn't compete, and so they became Midwestern farmers, too. A Walk in the Woods Because there were so many fencers competing at the Junior Olympics, the tournament was more than four days long. Proud "The two girls who will be competing at the American Cup this year are"—she paused and looked down the whole line of girls before saying the names—"Katelyn Ohashi and Simone Biles." Courage to Soar Now Filipino men were imported to the sugar fields to compete with the Chinese and Japanese. رقابت کردن out compete-رقابت کردن و بردن

compete

complain To complain is to express your unhappiness about something. You might complain to your landlord about a raise in your rent, or to the cops about your noisy neighbors. Just don't whine; it won't get you anywhere. Speakers of Yiddish will know that complain is often interchangeable with kvetch, which is what you do when you don't like the food or the small portions. But you can complain in a more formal way by, say, writing a letter or even filing a lawsuit. But whether the issue is large or small, do yourself a favor and don't complain too often, or people might stop taking you seriously. Definitions of complain verb express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness "My mother complains all day" synonyms: kick, kvetch, plain, quetch, sound off see less Antonyms: cheer, cheer up, chirk up become cheerful types: show 13 types... verb make a formal accusation; bring a formal charge see less type of: charge make an accusatory claim Usage Examples "It's not my fault my legs are shorter than yours," she complained. The Mysterious Benedict Society But why complain about not being paid, when those people at the Buddhist monastery pay with their own money to do the same kind of work? Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America My "landlady" no longer showed people my room, but rather complained about being badgered by "people from the Palace," and treated me less as an honored sideshow than as a political suspect. The Left Hand of Darkness During her latest visit, I overhear her complaining about a fly that seems attracted to her perfume, and won't leave her alone. شكايت كردن

complain

concerned If you're concerned, you're feeling worried. When your clumsy friend announces his plans to become a stunt double, you should be concerned for his safety, and if you're not, you're a lousy friend. The adjective concerned has roots in Latin terms for seeing clearly, as well as for being in relation to something. If you feel concerned, say for your neighbor who just bet his savings on a horse race, that's because you truly care for his well-being and you see that he's doing something stupid. Sometimes we use concerned to show the limits of our investment. As far as you are concerned, Madame X can jump off a cliff! You don't care! Definitions of concerned adjective feeling or showing worry or solicitude "concerned parents of youthful offenders" "was concerned about the future" "we feel concerned about accomplishing the task at hand" "greatly concerned not to disappoint a small child" Synonyms: attentive (often followed by `to') giving care or attention afraid filled with regret or concern; used often to soften an unpleasant statement afraid feeling worry or concern or insecurity haunted, obsessed, preoccupied, taken up having or showing excessive or compulsive concern with something solicitous full of anxiety and concern troubled characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need see more adjective involved in or affected by or having a claim to or share in "a memorandum to those concerned" "an enterprise in which three men are concerned" "factors concerned in the rise and fall of epidemics" synonyms: interested involved connected by participation or association or use adjective culpably involved "all those concerned in the bribery case have been identified" synonyms: complicit, implicated involved connected by participation or association or use Usage Examples As far as Tad was concerned, they couldn't get much sturdier than that. Time Bomb As far as the segregationists were concerned, racial integration and Communism were one and the same and posed the same kind of threat to traditional American values. Hidden Figures Taryn and I start for home, with her giving me concerned glances. The Cruel Prince As far as I'm concerned, this is like a business transaction. concernedملاحظه کردن concern نگرانی concerning مربوط به

concerned

concreate Concrete is that pourable mix of cement, water, sand, and gravel that hardens into a super-strong building material. Sidewalks, foundations, and highways are all made of concrete. Though people use the words cement and concrete as if they were the same, they're not. Concrete has cement in it, but also includes other materials; cement is what binds concrete together. Construction workers hate when kids write their names in concrete before it hardens: once concrete hardens, it's going to be solid for a long time. When used as an adjective, concrete also means solid. If you've got concrete plans for Saturday, then you have a definite plan. Definitions of concrete adjective capable of being perceived by the senses; not abstract or imaginary "concrete objects such as trees" Synonyms: objective belonging to immediate experience of actual things or events real, tangible capable of being treated as fact practical concerned with actual use or practice existent, real being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory tangible, touchable perceptible by the senses especially the sense of touch see less Antonyms: abstract existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment show more antonyms... noun a strong hard building material composed of sand and gravel and cement and water see less types: cement concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement ferroconcrete, reinforced concrete concrete with metal and/or mesh added to provide extra support against stresses type of: building material material used for constructing buildings pavement, paving, paving material material used to pave an area adjective formed by the coalescence of particles Synonyms: solid of definite shape and volume; firm; neither liquid nor gaseous verb form into a solid mass; coalesce see less type of: solidify make solid or more solid; cause to solidify verb cover with cement "concrete the walls" see less type of: cover provide with a covering or cause to be covered Usage Examples I tumbled down the steps and landed on the concrete pavement. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography The next thing he knew he was on the floor, his face pressed against the concrete. Small Steps We passed a simple concrete building, the faded paint of LA Poste barely visible on top of the vivid black and green of rotting concrete. Endangered And I laid there on the hard concrete, for the second time in a week, tears flowing down my cheeks, thinking about each one of those names. بتن

concreate

confront Confront means either to face a situation that makes you uncomfortable, or to say something to someone about something they've done that bothers you. Rather than letting things go, when people are rude to you you should confront them. Confront derives from the Latin con- "with" and -front "front." You can confront a sad truth, you can confront a person by calling them on their behavior, you can confront someone with the fact that they have terrible breath. You can be confronted, too—on the trip through the mountains, we were confronted by the impassibility of the road. verb oppose, as in hostility or a competition "You must confront your opponent" "The two enemies finally confronted each other" synonyms: face see more verb present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize "We confronted him with the evidence" synonyms: face, present face, face up deal with (something unpleasant) head on verb be face to face with "The child screamed when he confronted the man in the Halloween costume" see more verb deal with (something unpleasant) head on "You must confront your problems" synonyms: face, face up face, present present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize see less Antonyms: avoid stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something types: tackle, take on, undertake accept as a challenge rise exert oneself to meet a challenge type of: approach, go about, set about begin to deal with The opposite of confront is: avoid conclude persuade undergo Usage Examples: In considering the quasars, we confront profound mysteries. Cosmos When Hoover met with White, his grip on power remained tenuous, and he was suddenly confronting the one thing that he'd done everything to avoid since becoming director: a scandal. Killers of the Flower Moon Pearl glanced over her shoulder, in the universal reaction of all teenagers confronted by their parents in a public place. Little Fires Everywhere Standing on my toes, I closed my hand around it I confronted my father, whose face revealed his alarm and confusion. Ophelia Word Family confront confronted روبرو شدن

confront

consciousness When you are awake and aware of your surroundings, that's consciousness. There are different types of consciousness, including social consciousness, being aware of injustices in society. The early Latin word conscius meant "with knowing," but it meant a shared knowledge, a meaning that was retained through the 16th Century. John Locke was the first to describe consciousness in relation to the individual, referring to it as "the perception of what passes in a man's own mind." If you lose consciousness during the performance, we'll wake you up with some smelling salts! Definitions of consciousness noun an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation "he lost consciousness" see less Antonyms: unconsciousness a state lacking normal awareness of the self or environment types: show 7 types... type of: cognitive state, state of mind the state of a person's cognitive processes noun the state of having knowledge of "his sudden consciousness of the problem he faced" synonyms: awareness, cognisance, cognizance, knowingness see less Antonyms: incognizance a lack of knowledge or recognition types: show 7 types... type of: knowing a clear and certain mental apprehension Usage Examples Now the sound swelled in my consciousness like a dull headache. Fallen Angels Not because my grip on her was slipping, but because my grip on consciousness was. The Darkest Minds I put my cheek against the cool black tabletop and tried to hold on to my consciousness. Twilight But his mind was elsewhere—with death, with his grief, and his remorse; mechanically, without consciousness of what he was doing, he began to shoulder his way through the crowd Word Family consciousness conscious unconscious هوشیاری،آگاهی

consciousness

considerable Use the adjective considerable to describe something that is large in amount. Things you probably spend a considerable amount of time on: homework and laundry. Things you'd rather spend time on: anything that isn't homework and laundry! The adjective considerable can describe something of importance and is worthy of notice or respect. If you are an excellent singer, dancer, musician, writer, or similar profession, people may ask you to donate your considerable talents to charitable causes. If you're not an excellent singer, dancer, musician, or writer, they will still ask you to donate, but they are more likely to ask for money! Definitions of considerable adjective large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree "a considerable quantity" "the economy was a considerable issue in the campaign" "went to considerable trouble for us" "spent a considerable amount of time on the problem" Synonyms: appreciable enough to be estimated or measured goodish, goodly, healthy, hefty, respectable, sizable, sizeable, tidy large in amount or extent or degree right smart (Southern or Midland) considerable significant, substantial fairly large big, large above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent see less Antonyms: inconsiderable too small or unimportant to merit attention Usage Examples In other words, our bodies devote considerable energies to producing a protein that does nothing that is beneficial and sometimes clobbers us. A Short History of Nearly Everything From the mayhem around us, it's clear that she's gone through considerable trouble to pull this off. An Ember in the Ashes The first is that people in the past do, to a considerable degree, understand what is going on and react intelligently in response to it. The Invention of Science Manny shifted his considerable weight on the little wooden chair and fussed with his skinny goatee. چشمگیر

considerable

constant Think of something or someone that does not change as constant. A classmate's constant drumming on the table with his fingers could be a constant source of annoyance. Constant derives from Latin verb meaning "to stand with," so something constant is continually standing with you and not wavering. You may be thankful for the constant companionship of your dog but not necessarily for your teacher's constant homework assignments. In math and science, a constant is a number that is fixed and known, unlike a variable which changes with the context. That idea crosses over to real life. If a friend is a constant in your life, that means they have always been with you and there for you. Definitions of constant adjective uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing "in constant pain" synonyms: ceaseless, incessant, never-ending, perpetual, unceasing, unremitting continuous, uninterrupted continuing in time or space without interruption adjective unvarying in nature "maintained a constant temperature" synonyms: changeless, invariant, unvarying invariable not liable to or capable of change adjective steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection "a man constant in adherence to his ideals" "a constant lover" "constant as the northern star" Synonyms: unchangeable not changeable or subject to change staunch, steadfast, unswerving firm and dependable especially in loyalty unfailing, unflagging unceasing faithful steadfast in affection or allegiance stable resistant to change of position or condition invariable not liable to or capable of change see less Antonyms: inconstant likely to change frequently often without apparent or cogent reason; variable show more antonyms... noun a quantity that does not vary synonyms: constant quantity, invariable see more noun a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context "the velocity of light is a constant" see less types: show 24 types... type of: number a concept of quantity involving zero and units constant means : changeless unaccountable contented religious Usage Examples: "I mean, it rains all the time. But it's light. A constant drizzle. Like this." We'll Fly Away He carried an alphanumeric beeper and consulted it often; his plans were subject to constant change. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing At another set of tables, the Erudite chatter over books and newspapers, in constant pursuit of knowledge. Divergent It became a constant puzzle which lay unanswered in the back of my mind. Invisible Man Word Family constant constantly ثابت

constant

convinced If you're convinced that the moon is made of cheese, then you completely believe the moon is made of cheese. Let's hope you're not easily convinced of such silly things! When we are convinced of something, we really, sincerely believe it. We think it's true. For example, if someone told you the President used to live underground as a mole person, I hope you wouldn't be convinced too easily. Unfortunately, even when someone has convinced us of something, that doesn't mean it's true. Someone who can be convinced of absolutely anything, no matter how untrue, is called gullible. Definitions of convinced adjective having a strong belief or conviction "a convinced and fanatical pacifist" see more adjective persuaded of; very sure "were convinced that it would be to their advantage to join" synonyms: confident, positive certain, sure having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured Usage Examples Prince Doran is a cautious man, that's true. He will never join us unless he is convinced that we will win. So to persuade him we must show our strength." A Dance with Dragons I'm not positive that the word "anything" included an acting career, but by high school, I was convinced that being in movies was my destiny. Americanized He was just about to forbid him to set foot on the property when Clara convinced him that this was hardly the time to place his political enmities before the peasants' Christian fervor. The House of the Spirits: A Novel I thought things would get better when Shawn dumped Sadie—I suppose I'd convinced myself that it was her fault, the things he did, and that without her he would be different. قانع کردن

convinced

creature A creature is a living thing: there are flying creatures, sea creatures, and even imaginary creatures, like unicorns. Ever heard of a "creature feature"? That's a horror movie about weird scary creatures and other monsters. But you can call pretty much any living thing a creature. You'll find all kinds of creatures at the zoo, and maybe even a few lurking in your smelly gym shoes. Bears, bugs, birds, and bunnies are all creatures. When you see the word creature, think "It's alive!" Definitions of creature noun a living organism characterized by voluntary movement synonyms: animal, animate being, beast, brute, fauna see less examples: show 18 examples... types: show 118 types... type of: being, organism a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently noun a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else synonyms: puppet, tool see less type of: slave a person who is owned by someone noun a human being synonyms: wight see less type of: individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul a human being Usage Examples But then the bizarre creature soared over one of the street lamps of Privet Drive, and Harry, realizing what it was, leapt aside. Harry Potter And The Prisoner Of Azkaban Each creature progressed through its own stages of transformation. The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science And Lazlo wasn't a creature of anger or envy, but he felt the scorch of both—as though his veins were fuses and they were burning through him, leaving paths of ash in their wake. Strange the Dreamer There just might be some of Cluny's rats lying in ambush for any creature that ventured into the shadowy fringes of Mossflower موجود زنده

creature

crisis A crisis is a difficult or dangerous time in which a solution is needed — and quickly. For example, the crisis caused by a natural disaster might inspire you and your friends to make a donation. The noun crisis comes from the Latinized form of the Greek word krisis, meaning "turning point in a disease." At such a moment, the person with the disease could get better or worse: it's a critical moment. Think of a celebrity whose recent antics generate headlines like "Rock Star in Crisis" — that person needs help that may or may not be sought. At the moment of crisis, things are unstable and maybe even dangerous. Definitions of crisis noun a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better" see less types: emergency, exigency, pinch a sudden unforeseen crisis (usually involving danger) that requires immediate action type of: juncture, occasion an event that occurs at a critical time noun an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis" see less types: show 5 types... type of: situation a complex or critical or unusual difficulty Usage Examples "It's been one crisis after another for that bird." Frightful's Mountain Faced with no crisis of action and with nothing to prevent them from continuing their life in the warren as before, the rabbits were nevertheless overcome by the conviction that their luck was gone. Watership Down: A Novel Of course, since I am a Jew profoundly rooted in my people's memory and tradition, my first response is to Jewish fears, Jewish needs, Jewish crises. Night Yet that never happened, and the crisis in Sudan passed away unnoticed by the world at large. محدود شده

crisis

currently Currently means now. You're currently reading the meaning of the word currently. As with other words you use to refer to the present time, when you use currently, you're often implying that things might change. For example, if you say you're not currently dating anyone, you're hinting that you might in the future. If you're currently working on your novel, you'll probably be working on something else at some point in the future. If your dog isn't currently house-trained, you're probably hoping he will be soon. Definitions of currently adverb at this time or period; now "currently they live in Connecticut" synonyms: presently Usage Examples On his first voyage in 1492, Columbus started a colony of about forty men on the island he called Hispaniola, which is currently divided into the nations of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. An Indigenous People's History of the United States Andy traveled frequently and was currently in Hong Kong, working on a construction project. Zeitoun Eight of the hands were currently pointing to the "home" position, but Mr. Weasley's, which was the longest, was still pointing to "work." Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire She was wearing an angora sweater, and a little fur collar with pom-poms, of the sort that is currently fashionable در حال حاضر

currently

curtail To curtail something is to slow it down, put restrictions on it, or stop it entirely. If I give up cake, I am curtailing my cake-eating. Curtail is an official-sounding word for stopping or slowing things down. The police try to curtail crime — they want there to be less crime in the world. A company may want to curtail their employees' computer time, so they spend more time working and less time goofing around. Teachers try to curtail whispering and note-passing in class. When something is curtailed, it's either stopped entirely or stopped quite a bit — it's cut short. Definitions of curtail verb terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent "Personal freedom is curtailed in many countries" synonyms: clip, cut short see less type of: shorten make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration verb place restrictions on synonyms: curb, cut back, restrict see less types: show 4 types... type of: circumscribe, confine, limit restrict or confine Usage Examples By choice I do not consult the movie ratings of the Legion of Decency, and my reading is not curtailed by the Index. Hunger of Memory Mass action was perilous in South Africa, where it was a criminal offense for an African to strike, and where the rights of free speech and movement were unmercifully curtailed. Long Walk to Freedom But now I understand the gravity of what I was proposing— that a four-year-old child be watchful, prudent, and shrewd, that I curtail your happiness, that you submit to a loss of time. Between the World and Me Every possibility of excess was curtailed with it. محدود کردن

curtail

curtail To curtail something is to slow it down, put restrictions on it, or stop it entirely. If I give up cake, I am curtailing my cake-eating. Curtail is an official-sounding word for stopping or slowing things down. The police try to curtail crime — they want there to be less crime in the world. A company may want to curtail their employees' computer time, so they spend more time working and less time goofing around. Teachers try to curtail whispering and note-passing in class. When something is curtailed, it's either stopped entirely or stopped quite a bit — it's cut short. Definitions of curtail verb terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end or its full extent "Personal freedom is curtailed in many countries" synonyms: clip, cut short see more verb place restrictions on synonyms: curb, cut back, restrict see less types: show 4 types... type of: circumscribe, confine, limit restrict or confine Usage Examples Mass action was perilous in South Africa, where it was a criminal offense for an African to strike, and where the rights of free speech and movement were unmercifully curtailed. Long Walk to Freedom It will broaden his experience in some ways, but it will also curtail his contact with clients. Vincent and Theo: The Van Gogh Brothers After the disastrous 1957 spraying the program was abruptly and drastically curtailed, with vague statements about "evaluating" previous work and testing alternative insecticides. Silent Spring Criminals' rights were curtailed and stricter sentencing guidelines put in place. محدود شده

curtail

cut off Definitions of cut off verb remove by or as if by cutting "cut off the ear" synonyms: chop off, lop off see less types: abscise remove or separate by abscission roach cut the mane off (a horse) type of: come away, come off, detach come to be detached verb remove surgically synonyms: amputate see less types: slough off separate from surrounding living tissue, as in an abortion type of: remove, take, take away, withdraw remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract adjective detached by cutting synonyms: severed cut separated into parts or laid open or penetrated with a sharp edge or instrument verb break a small piece off from synonyms: break off, chip, knap see less type of: cut separate with or as if with an instrument verb make a break in synonyms: break up, disrupt, interrupt see less types: show 22 types... type of: break, break off, discontinue, stop prevent completion verb cease, stop synonyms: cut see less type of: break up, disrupt, interrupt make a break in verb cut off and stop synonyms: cut out see less type of: intercept, stop seize on its way Usage Examples We both jump when the music abruptly cuts off. Warcross When the strait was at last flooded around 10,000 years ago, Tasmanians and mainland Australians became cut off from each other because neither group possessed watercraft capable of negotiating Bass Strait. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies She brought me some little scissors to cut off Mate's braid. In the Time of the Butterflies It seemed impossible that in 2005, in the United States, there was an entire city cut off from all communication, all contact. محروم شدن

cut off

deaf If you're deaf, you can't hear or have extremely limited hearing abilities. Many people who are deaf communicate using sign language. Some people are born deaf, while others lose their hearing later in life because of illness or injury. People who have been deaf their whole lives and are actively involved with the deaf community consider deafness a "difference in experience," not a disability. When someone accuses you of being "deaf to" their argument, they mean that you are refusing to pay attention or listen. Until the 18th century, deaf was pronounced so it rhymed with beef. Definitions of deaf noun people who have severe hearing impairments "many of the deaf use sign language" see less type of: people (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively adjective lacking or deprived of the sense of hearing wholly or in part Synonyms: deaf-and-dumb, deaf-mute lacking the sense of hearing and the ability to speak deafened caused to hear poorly or not at all hard-of-hearing, hearing-impaired having a hearing loss deaf as a post, profoundly deaf, stone-deaf, unhearing totally deaf; unable to hear anything tone-deaf unable to appreciate music see less Antonyms: hearing able to perceive sound show more antonyms... adjective (usually followed by `to') unwilling or refusing to pay heed "deaf to her warnings" synonyms: indifferent heedless, unheeding marked by or paying little heed or attention verb make or render deaf synonyms: deafen see less type of: desensitise, desensitize cause not to be sensitive Usage Examples I wonder if maybe I've found myself another deaf one, like Miss Walters was. The Help A real 'clash of civilisations' is like the proverbial dialogue of the deaf. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind How is it the children of deaf parents manage to learn how to speak as well and as quickly as children whose parents speak to them from the day they were born? The Tipping Point Her heart tree is as deaf and blind as our Drowned God. لال

deaf

dedicated When you are dedicated to something, you are devoted to a cause or ideal, like dedicated volunteers at the animal shelter who show up even in snowstorms and on holidays. Dedicated contains the root word dedicate, meaning "devoted to one's aims or vocation," like a dedicated staff of workers who work extremely hard. It can also mean "set aside for a specific purpose," like a dedicated desk where family members place their keys, the mail and notes to one another — don't throw your coat on top of that desk or throw those items in a drawer. Definitions of dedicated adjective devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose "a dedicated dancer" "dedicated teachers" "" dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal"- A.Lincoln" Synonyms: devoted (followed by `to') dedicated exclusively to a purpose or use devoted zealous in devotion or affection sacred (often followed by `to') devoted exclusively to a single use or purpose or person see more adjective solemnly dedicated to or set apart for a high purpose "a chapel dedicated to the dead of World War II" synonyms: consecrate, consecrated ordained invested with ministerial or priestly functions votive dedicated in fulfillment of a vow holy belonging to or derived from or associated with a divine power sacred concerned with religion or religious purposes see less Antonyms: desecrated treated with contempt show more antonyms... Usage Examples Like so much else in the captain's world, the scarecrow is dedicated to a pointless task. Challenger Deep The council was a group of powerful politicians and businesspeople dedicated to keeping Montgomery segregated. Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice On a vast stretch on chromosome eleven, for instance, there is a causeway dedicated entirely to the sensation of smell. The Gene The school's instructors were priests from the Oblates of St. Francis de Sales, an order dedicated to a seventeenth-century French cleric known for his sunniness and kindness who is sometimes called the "gentleman saint." word family dedicated dedication وقف شده

dedicated

defined Definitions of defined adjective showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary "hills defined against the evening sky" synonyms: outlined distinct easy to perceive; especially clearly outlined adjective clearly characterized or delimited "lost in a maze of words both defined and undefined" "each child has clearly defined duties" Synonyms: definite precise; explicit and clearly defined see less Antonyms: undefined, vague not precisely limited, determined, or distinguished Usage Examples The fact that the 'new' was narrowly defined as 'contemporary classical' rather than, say, bebop is indicative of this. The Story of Music Furniture was standard throughout the community: practical, sturdy, the function of each piece clearly defined. The Giver Granting them authority over newly defined regions would help in two ways. Sterling Biographies®: Cleopatra: Egypt's Last and Greatest Queen The two sides of the triangle of which the log was base were less evenly defined. مشخص شده

defined

devotes Being devoted to something means being focused on that particular thing almost exclusively. When you are devoted to a cause, you work to achieve its goals. When you are devoted to a person, you place their needs above your own. Being devoted doesn't have to refer only to personal relationships. It can focus on any area, activity, or passion. Cookbooks are devoted to presenting recipes, dog breeders are usually devoted to one specific type of dog, and tabloids are devoted to gossiping about celebrities. There's nothing wrong with being devoted to an activity or a person, as long as you don't lose track of everything else in your life. That's when being devoted crosses over into being obsessed. Definitions of devoted adjective zealous in devotion or affection "a devoted husband and father" "devoted friends" Synonyms: dedicated devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose adjective (followed by `to') dedicated exclusively to a purpose or use "large sums devoted to the care of the poor" "a life devoted to poetry" Synonyms: dedicated devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose Usage Examples Andrew Brown, the editor of The Federal Gazette, devoted an optimistic paragraph to the "dawn of returning health and order." An American Plague: The True and Terrifying Story of the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 For Amy school was devoted solely to the study of her teachers. Me Talk Pretty One Day She remained devoted to the old ways of doing things. Habibi A man utterly devoted to his people, but at the same time he was bent on reconciliation between the races in America وقف می کند

devotes

disaster An earthquake, an oil spill, an economic collapse, a party with inedible food and truly awful music: Each of these could be described as a disaster, a cataclysmic event causing extreme suffering, even total destruction. Disaster made its way into the English language from Greek. The second part of the word is derived from astron — "star" or "planet," familiar from words like astronomy and astronaut. Dis- is prefix with a meaning similar to "un-" or "mis-," but with clearly negative connotations. Translated literally, disaster means "bad or unlucky star," and it's a relic of a time when astrology was considered a serious science that could predict events — including disasters you might try to avoid — in your life on Earth! Definitions of disaster noun an event resulting in great loss and misfortune "the earthquake was a disaster" synonyms: calamity, cataclysm, catastrophe, tragedy see less types: show 10 types... type of: bad luck, misfortune unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event noun a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune "his policies were a disaster" synonyms: catastrophe see less type of: adversity, hard knocks, hardship a state of misfortune or affliction noun an act that has disastrous consequences see less type of: destruction, devastation the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists Usage Examples General Peckem screamed, as though struck by the enormity of the disaster for the first time. Catch-22 The impact of the disaster even reached Europe, where nearly one million dollars in cash was raised. The Great Fire "No kidding! I guess we need to work a little harder, huh, Jak? Loo is a total disaster!" Orphan Island Not only is it a recipe for disaster, it's a recipe with half the ingredients missing. disater فاجعه disastrous فاجعه بار

disaster

distilled Definitions of distilled water noun water that has been purified by distillation see less type of: H2O, water binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent The opposite of undermine is: economize repeal unveil support Usage Examples: Then he swirled the Q-Tip in a test tube full of distilled water and capped the tube. The Hot Zone There are 48 teaspoons in a cup, so, at most, use 1 teaspoon of detergent per cup of distilled water. Washington PostDec 15, 2017 Stromberg's suggestion: Clean with a cotton swab dampened with ammonia diluted in distilled water to a concentration of approximately 3 percent. Washington PostDec 15, 2017 His method involves combining precise amounts of organic ingredients — including distilled water, foaming agents and aromatic essential oils — which he buys online. مقطر

distilled

distinct Definitions of distinct adjective constituting a separate entity or part "on two distinct occasions" synonyms: discrete separate independent; not united or joint adjective (often followed by `from') not alike; different in nature or quality "plants of several distinct types" "the word `nationalism' is used in at least two distinct senses" "gold is distinct from iron" "a tree related to but quite distinct from the European beech" "management had interests quite distinct from those of their employees" synonyms: distinguishable different unlike in nature or quality or form or degree adjective recognizable; marked "noticed a distinct improvement" synonyms: decided definite precise; explicit and clearly defined adjective easy to perceive; especially clearly outlined "a distinct flavor" "a distinct odor of turpentine" "a distinct outline" "the ship appeared as a distinct silhouette" "distinct fingerprints" Synonyms: clear readily apparent to the mind definite precise; explicit and clearly defined chiseled, well-defined having a clean and distinct outline as if precisely cut along the edges clean-cut, clear, clear-cut clear and distinct to the senses; easily perceptible crisp, sharp (of something seen or heard) clearly defined crystalline distinctly or sharply outlined defined, outlined showing clearly the outline or profile or boundary knifelike having a sharp or distinct edge razor-sharp very clearly delineated precise sharply exact or accurate or delimited see more adjective clearly or sharply defined to the mind "Claudius was the first to invade Britain with distinct...intentions of conquest" synonyms: clear-cut, trenchant clear readily apparent to the mind Usage Examples "It's true. Fungi are as distinct from plants as animals are." Strange the Dreamer Peytoia, the weird creature that looked like a pineapple slice, was found to be not a distinct creature but merely part of a larger animal called Anomalocaris. A Short History of Nearly Everything In contrast, many apparently widespread Native American crops prove to consist of related species or even of genetically distinct varieties of the same species, independently domesticated in Mesoamerica, South America, and the eastern United States. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies His conclusion is that they represent a very distinct and special group. متمایز

distinct

distinguish To distinguish means to tell apart. If you win the lottery, you're going to need to learn to distinguish between people who really like you and people who like your money. To distinguish is to discern, which means to perceive or recognize the way something differs from what's around it. It takes discerning taste buds to distinguish between Coke and Pepsi. Distinguish also means to separate yourself out from the pack, usually in a good way. You might distinguish yourself at a Comics Convention with your encyclopedic knowledge of Krazy Kat. Definitions of distinguish verb mark as different "We distinguish several kinds of maple" synonyms: differentiate, secern, secernate, separate, severalise, severalize, tell, tell apart see less types: show 19 types... type of: identify, place recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something verb make conspicuous or noteworthy synonyms: signalise, signalize see less types: singularise, singularize distinguish as singular type of: mark designate as if by a mark verb be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait; sometimes in a very positive sense "His modesty distinguishes him from his peers" synonyms: differentiate, mark mark designate as if by a mark see less types: characterise, characterize be characteristic of individuate give individual character to define determine the nature of type of: characterise, characterize, qualify describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of verb detect with the senses synonyms: discern, make out, pick out, recognise, recognize, spot, tell apart see less types: resolve make clearly visible discriminate distinguish verb identify as in botany or biology, for example synonyms: describe, discover, identify, key, key out, name Usage Examples A very distinguished old gentleman, she thought to herself. And Then There Were None We've thus seen that the difference between gigantic supermarket strawberries and tiny wild ones is just one example of the various features distinguishing cultivated plants from their wild ancestors. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies Here Hobbes distinguishes between two types of knowledge: science, which is, as Hume would later say, about the relationship between ideas; and what he calls prudence, which is about facts. The Invention of Science The genius of the current caste system, and what most distinguishes it from its predecessors, is that it appears voluntary تمیز دادن

distinguish

distructive If something causes a lot of damage, you can talk about its destructive force or power. Something is destructive when it really messes things up. The word destructive comes from the Latin destruere which means literally to unbuild. In addition to describing a storm or battle, the word can be used for the things people say as well as do. If your mother's comments about your weight cause you to eat more bon bons, you could say that her remarks were destructive to your diet. Definitions of destructive adjective causing destruction or much damage "a policy that is destructive to the economy" "destructive criticism" Synonyms: annihilating, annihilative, devastating, withering wreaking or capable of wreaking complete destruction blasting, ruinous causing injury or blight; especially affecting with sudden violence or plague or ruin cataclysmal, cataclysmic severely destructive caustic, corrosive, erosive, mordant, vitriolic of a substance, especially a strong acid; capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action crushing, devastating physically or spiritually devastating; often used in combination damaging, negative designed or tending to discredit, especially without positive or helpful suggestions erosive wearing away by friction iconoclastic destructive of images used in religious worship; said of religions, such as Islam, in which the representation of living things is prohibited ravaging ruinously destructive and wasting soul-destroying destructive to the spirit or soul wasteful laying waste harmful causing or capable of causing harm negative characterized by or displaying negation or denial or opposition or resistance; having no positive features see less Antonyms: constructive constructing or tending to construct or improve or promote development Usage Examples In later poems she is usually shown as treacherous and malicious, exerting a deadly and destructive power over men. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes A strong container, however, would contain the pressure until it reached true destructive potential. The Martian There were a number of these and they were in no way inferior to the others in size and strength, but they were not purely destructive. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes The problem, of course, is that embracing criminality—while an understandable response to the stigma—is generally self-defeating and destructive. distructive مخرب distruction انحراف destory از بین رفتن destoryed نابود

distructive

drip When water flows slowly in tiny drops, it drips. The movement of water in this way is called a drip. Have you ever had a leaky faucet? Then you probably know a drip is water leaking out one drop at a time: drip drip drip. A broken faucet has a drip, and you can say the water is dripping. When it rains, it usually starts dripping before it rains harder. When you turn on the shower, it might start as drips. Once the water is flowing strongly and in a stream, it's not dripping anymore. Definitions of drip noun flowing in drops; the formation and falling of drops of liquid "there's a drip through the roof" synonyms: dribble, trickle see less types: intravenous drip slow continuous drip introducing solutions intravenously (a drop at a time) type of: flow, flowing the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases) noun the sound of a liquid falling drop by drop "the constant sound of dripping irritated him" synonyms: dripping see less type of: sound the sudden occurrence of an audible event noun (architecture) a projection from a cornice or sill designed to protect the area below from rainwater (as over a window or doorway) synonyms: drip mold, drip mould see less types: dripstone, hoodmold, hoodmould a protective drip that is made of stone type of: projection any structure that branches out from a central support verb fall in drops "Water is dripping from the faucet" Synonyms: dribble, drop let or cause to fall in drops see less type of: come down, descend, fall, go down move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way verb let or cause to fall in drops synonyms: dribble, drop see less type of: pour cause to run Usage Examples Osha swam to the rocks and lose dripping. A Clash of Kings I was sure I'd find him standing outside it, still dripping from the shower, now feeling a little contrite. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing By then the blood was dripping off my chin and onto the white satin lining inside the coffin. Dead End in Norvelt He was sitting nearby, his hand held loosely on his knee and still slowly dripping blood, his face scorched by the sun and pale under the burning. چکه میکند

drip

emphasises While the emphasis, or main focus, for walking a dog might be on "answering the call of nature," the emphasis for the dog might be on chasing squirrels. If you say emphasis a little louder or with extra oomph in your pronunciation, you are putting emphasis on the word. This emphasis makes it clear that special attention, or emphasis, should be given to the word. Now, having repeated emphasis so many times, the "s" sound really stands out, sort of like in the word "stress." When you stress a point, you put emphasis on something — it is the main thing, the emphasis. Definitions of emphasis noun intensity or forcefulness of expression "his emphasis on civil rights" synonyms: vehemence see less types: overemphasis too much emphasis type of: intensity, intensiveness high level or degree; the property of being intense noun special importance or significance "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis" synonyms: accent see less types: focus, stress special emphasis attached to something type of: grandness, importance a prominent status noun special and significant stress by means of position or repetition see less types: topicalization (linguistics) emphasis placed on the topic or focus of a sentence by preposing it to the beginning of the sentence; placing the topic at the beginning of the sentence is typical for English type of: rhetorical device a use of language that creates a literary effect (but often without regard for literal significance) noun the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) synonyms: accent, stress see less types: show 4 types... type of: inflection, prosody the patterns of stress and intonation in a language Usage Examples I laid particular emphasis on our resolve to cause no harm to human life. Long Walk to Freedom Perhaps he hoped for an answer this time, or perhaps he merely paused for emphasis, since he got no answer. Absalom, Absalom! "Looks like the away team really puts an emphasis on bulking up." Here to Stay Given all this emphasis on newness, why did scientists not use the word 'modern' in the titles to their books? emphasis emphasize تاکید کردن

emphasises

enroll means to: analyzere gister compose oblige If you like clowning around but you're not quite ready for the circus, you could enroll in clown college to perfect your skills. When you enroll, that means you formally add your name to the list — or roll — of students. You can enroll in things other than schools or classes, and you can also enroll someone else. You might enroll your Chihuahua in a research project investigating whether dogs like to wear hats, or you could enroll your rude nephew in charm school. The "roll" of enroll goes back to the rolls of parchment that were used in medieval times for writing official documents. Definitions of enroll verb register formally as a participant or member synonyms: enrol, enter, inscribe, recruit see less types: show 5 types... type of: register record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions Usage Examples Soraya joined me at San Jose State the following year and enrolled, to her father's chagrin, in the teaching track. The Kite Runner When we enrolled in Toussaint L'Ouverture Grammar School, we were struck by the ignorance of our schoolmates and the rudeness of our teachers. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings In 1975, he enrolled in graduate school at the University of California at Berkeley. Outliers Mommy enrolled her in two more schools, but she quit both, declaring, "The white man's education is not for me." The Color of Water: A Black Man's Tribute to His White Mother Word Family enrolled enrollment the enroll family ثبت نام

enroll

equivalent If two things are basically the same, you can say that they're the equivalent of each other. Like, studying advanced physics is the equivalent of banging your head against the wall. Equivalent's Latin roots are "equal" and "value," which suggests that the word originally was used to describe things that had the same value. Now it can be used to describe things that have the same effect, or importance, or role — for example, "England's Parliament is the equivalent of America's Congress." It can also be used as an adjective: "Eating a bowl of Sugar Pops for breakfast is equivalent to starting your day with two scoops of ice-cream." Definitions of equivalent adjective being essentially equal to something "a wish that was equivalent to a command" synonyms: tantamount equal having the same quantity, value, or measure as another noun a person or thing equal to another in value, measure, force, effect, significance, etc. "send two dollars or the equivalent in stamps" see less types: show 8 types... type of: cognition, knowledge, noesis the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning noun the atomic weight of an element that has the same combining capacity as a given weight of another element; the standard is 8 for oxygen synonyms: combining weight, eq, equivalent weight see less type of: atomic mass, atomic weight, relative atomic mass (chemistry) the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units Usage Examples There are some eighteen thousand photographs taken in the Jupiter system by Voyager 1 that are stored on such magnetic discs, and an equivalent number for Voyager 1. Cosmos All are instances of that animal equivalent of anthropomorphism: zoomorphism, where an animal takes a human being, or another animal, to be one of its kind. Life of Pi Nevertheless, we treat facts as if they are equivalent to things, and dictionary definitions of 'fact' slide between defining facts as things and defining them as true beliefs. The Invention of Science It was probably the equivalent of two or three stories high, and maybe the width of a city block. معادل

equivalent

executive An executive is a powerful person who is responsible for making things run smoothly. If you become an executive, you might be in charge of an organization, a business, or even an entire country. The executive of a company has the best office and works on ways to make their business more successful. The Medieval Latin root of executive is exsequi, which means "carry out," and so an executive carries out plans and actions. Executive is also an adjective that describes having the power to make decisions. The president of the United States is the executive branch of the government and is responsible for executing laws that will improve the country for its citizens. Definitions of executive noun a person responsible for the administration of a business synonyms: executive director see less types: show 16 types... type of: administrator, decision maker someone who administers a business noun someone who manages a government agency or department synonyms: administrator see less examples: Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826) Petrus Stuyvesant the last Dutch colonial administrator of New Netherland; in 1664 he was forced to surrender the colony to England (1592-1672) types: show 9 types... type of: chief, head, top dog a person who is in charge noun persons who administer the law see less types: show 5 types... type of: administration, brass, establishment, governance, governing body, organisation, organization the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something adjective having the function of carrying out plans, orders, etc. "the executive branch" Usage Examples: He was a strong and able man, but he was an individualist who ignored the advice of the executive and took decisions unilaterally. Long Walk to Freedom The county executive of Baltimore County helped lead a telethon that raised money for the widow of Sergeant Prothero and his children. The Other Wes Moore: One Name, Two Fates The mom was an executive assistant in Long Beach and the dad was an amateur boxer. Far from the Tree For the midlevel executives, he was sometimes "Daddy," sometimes "Mr. Hunter." Word Family: execution executive اجرایی

executive

executive An executive is a powerful person who is responsible for making things run smoothly. If you become an executive, you might be in charge of an organization, a business, or even an entire country. The executive of a company has the best office and works on ways to make their business more successful. The Medieval Latin root of executive is exsequi, which means "carry out," and so an executive carries out plans and actions. Executive is also an adjective that describes having the power to make decisions. The president of the United States is the executive branch of the government and is responsible for executing laws that will improve the country for its citizens. Definitions of executive noun a person responsible for the administration of a business synonyms: executive director see less types: show 16 types... type of: administrator, decision maker someone who administers a business noun someone who manages a government agency or department synonyms: administrator see less examples: Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles British colonial administrator who founded Singapore (1781-1826) Petrus Stuyvesant the last Dutch colonial administrator of New Netherland; in 1664 he was forced to surrender the colony to England (1592-1672) types: show 9 types... type of: chief, head, top dog a person who is in charge noun persons who administer the law see less types: show 5 types... type of: administration, brass, establishment, governance, governing body, organisation, organization the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something adjective having the function of carrying out plans, orders, etc. "the executive branch" Usage Examples In 1969, President Richard M. Nixon signed an executive order that outlawed the development of offensive biological weapons in the United States. The Hot Zone When Kenna's album was making the rounds in New York, being considered by music industry executives, on three separate occasions it was given to an outside market-research firm. Blink Besides all the people working on tour, there were record company executives, friends of record company executives, children of lawyers, brothers-in-law of security personnel. Small Steps Suddenly there were production managers and financial executives looking over Ernests shoulders. مجری

executive

faculty A faculty refers to any of your mental or physical abilities. If you lose your faculties, you are powerless. The faculty of a school is comprised of the people who work there. Lose them, and you have a different kind of problem. Faculty comes from the Old French word faculté, which means "skill, accomplishment, or learning." You may have great faculties of memory, sight, mobility, charm, math, and musicality, but, as Beethoven was in the end, be robbed of your faculty of hearing. Any aptitude or ability — inborn or learned — that you have is a faculty. Also, if you go to school, your teachers make up the faculty of that school. Definitions of faculty noun one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind synonyms: mental faculty, module see less types: show 13 types... type of: ability, power possession of the qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done noun the body of teachers and administrators at a school synonyms: staff see less type of: body a group of persons associated by some common tie or occupation and regarded as an entity Usage Examples At the end of the school year, Mott left the faculty to move to a farm in Maryland with her husband to raise chickens, and Volpe applied to be assistant drama director. Drama High When Ernest described his idea to him at a faculty dinner, he became uncommonly interested. Big Science With the lay staff gone and only three elderly priests left on the faculty, education at St. Vincent de Paul Academy consisted mostly of theology, Latin, and church history. The Dead and the Gone Generosity, courage, honesty, pity, the faculty to look short life in the face—certainly comradeship and tenderness —these qualities may explain why Guenever took Lancelot as well as Arthur دانشکده

faculty

fantasy A fantasy is something you imagine, which might involve dragons, unicorns, or an imaginary best friend. If you live in a fantasy world, you're not worrying much about reality — pleasant, maybe, but not very practical. Fantasy is dreams and imagination. In a football fantasy league, you can create your own dream team. In literature, fantasy — a genre similar to science fiction — might include a story about a three-headed squirrel and a bionic aardvark who fall in love on a planet made entirely of strawberries. Romance can be fantasy, too, according to a Billy Joel song: "It's just a fantasy. It's not the real thing. But sometimes a fantasy is all you need." Definitions of fantasy noun imagination unrestricted by reality "a schoolgirl fantasy" synonyms: phantasy see less types: show 4 types... type of: imagination, imaginativeness, vision the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses noun fiction with a large amount of imagination in it "she made a lot of money writing romantic fantasies" synonyms: phantasy see less types: science fiction literary fantasy involving the imagined impact of science on society cyberpunk a genre of fast-paced science fiction involving oppressive futuristic computerized societies type of: fiction a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact noun something many people believe that is false synonyms: fancy, illusion, phantasy see less types: bubble an impracticable and illusory idea ignis fatuus, will-o'-the-wisp an illusion that misleads wishful thinking the illusion that what you wish for is actually true type of: misconception an incorrect conception verb indulge in fantasies synonyms: fantasise, fantasize, phantasy see less type of: conceive of, envisage, ideate, imagine form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case Usage Examples Lori was working as a freelance artist specializing in fantasy, illustrating calendars and game boards and book jackets. The Glass Castle I don't think you realize how many Abby-related fantasies live in this brain. Leah on the Offbeat Kids who talked openly about anger and alienation, or who confessed thoughts of revenge or fantasies of violence against people who'd been tormenting and excluding them, were hauled off to counselors. Geeks: How Two Lost Boys Rode the Internet Out of Idaho He was tormented inexorably by morbid fantasies involving them, by dire, hideous omens of illness and accident. fantasy fantastic خیالی

fantasy

fells like verb have an inclination for something or some activity "I feel like staying in bed all day" see less type of: desire, want feel or have a desire for; want strongly Usage Examples Strangely, she did not feel like crying at all. A Place to Belong "You mean you don't feel like discussing it with me. You were full of discussion in Tommy's." Song of Solomon Anything beyond tomorrow feels like the next decade. The Miscalculations of Lightning Girl The band, the spectators and the dancers would be making the Roseland Ballroom feel like a big, rocking ship. انگاری

fells like

fundamental When asked what the fundamental, or essential, principles of life are, a teenager might reply, "Breathe. Be a good friend. Eat chocolate. Get gas money." Fundamental has its roots in the Latin word fundamentum, which means "foundation." So if something is fundamental, it is a key point or underlying issue — the foundation, if you will — that the thing is built upon. Teachers argue that math fundamentals include memorizing the times tables and understanding long division. Many people would also argue that math fundamentals should include knowing how to use a calculator and knowing where the calculator's extra batteries are kept. Definitions of fundamental adjective serving as an essential component "an example that was fundamental to the argument" "computers are fundamental to modern industrial structure" synonyms: cardinal, central, key, primal important, of import of great significance or value adjective being or involving basic facts or principles "the fundamental laws of the universe" "a fundamental incompatibility between them" synonyms: rudimentary, underlying basic pertaining to or constituting a base or basis adjective far-reaching and thoroughgoing in effect especially on the nature of something "the fundamental revolution in human values that has occurred" "the book underwent fundamental changes" "committed the fundamental error of confusing spending with extravagance" synonyms: profound important, significant important in effect or meaning noun any factor that could be considered important to the understanding of a particular business "fundamentals include a company's growth, revenues, earnings, management, and capital structure" see less type of: factor anything that contributes causally to a result noun the lowest tone of a harmonic series synonyms: first harmonic, fundamental frequency see less type of: harmonic a tone that is a component of a complex sound Usage Examples Like Clavius, we test our knowledge by doing things with it, which is the fundamental difference between our knowledge and most of the sciences of Montaigne's day. The Invention of Science Despite all this effort to placate the American government, however, pressure for fundamental change continued from Washington. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography In a way, it is the most unbiologic of all phenomena, violating the most fundamental myth of the last century, for it denies the importance of specificity, integrity, and separateness in living things. The Lives of a Cell Here the fundamental distinction between facts and explanations, which goes back to Montaigne and beyond, is restated. اساسی

fundamental

generated Definitions of generate verb bring into existence "The new manager generated a lot of problems" "The computer bug generated chaos in the office" "The computer generated this image" "The earthquake generated a tsunami" synonyms: bring forth see more verb produce (energy) "We can't generate enough power for the entire city" "The hydroelectric plant needs to generate more electricity" see more verb make children synonyms: beget, bring forth, engender, father, get, mother, sire see more verb give or supply synonyms: give, render, return, yield give, yield cause to happen or be responsible for establish, give bring about see less type of: create, make, produce create or manufacture a man-made product. generate means to: guard depend create purchase Usage Examples: "And Zella said to tell you that if you do get the mill generating electricity, please bring a wire down to her." On the Far Side of the Mountain There are neural centers for generating, spontaneously, numberless hypotheses about the facts of life. The Lives of a Cell It sounded as if it were being generated by a primitive speech synthesizer, like those used in Q*Bert and Gorf. Ready Player One: A Novel So if people generally believe that mice are spontaneously generated in straw, then the task of the philosopher is to explain why this is so, not to question whether it is so. تولید شده

generated

gulf Deep, wide and often filled with water, a gulf is any vast and seemingly unbridgeable area. You've probably heard of the Gulf of Mexico, that large body of water that's partly surrounded by land. But a gulf doesn't have to be all about the ocean. If two people have vastly different cultures or opinions, you could say that there's a gulf between them — a large divide that neither side is willing or able to cross noun an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay see more noun a deep wide chasm see more noun an unbridgeable disparity (as from a failure of understanding) "he felt a gulf between himself and his former friends" synonyms: chasm, disconnect, disconnection see less type of: disparity inequality or difference in some respect gulf means : peak investment disconnect succession Usage Examples: What gulf of years stretched between him and that other time, what deed of thought and action, what difference in temperament? Rebecca The Dust fall shone like a great pillar of faint light as it descended smoothly and never-endingly into the gulf. The Amber Spyglass The gulf would only grow wider as his stature rose. Big Science Immediately before the travellers the widest of these glens opened like a long gulf among the hills. خلیج

gulf

habitat Your habitat is the environment you are accustomed to living in. Zoos usually try to mimic the habitats of the animals they keep, housing bats in a nocturnal house and monkeys in a cage with trees to climb and swing from. The origins of habitat aren't exactly what you would expect. The word goes back to the Latin habitare meaning "to live or dwell," which itself goes back to habere meaning "to have or own." It seems logical that if you own a place, it is your home. Habitat is usually used with animals and plants that live in and are adapted to a specific environment. In nature, orchids and banana plants live in a warm, humid habitat. Definitions of habitat noun the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs "a marine habitat" synonyms: home ground see less types: habitation the native habitat or home of an animal or plant aerie, aery, eyrie, eyry any habitation at a high altitude den, lair the habitation of wild animals type of: environment, environs, surround, surroundings the area in which something exists or lives Usage Examples This sedentary lifestyle was made possible by the diversity of resource-rich habitats available to Jomon people within a short distance of one central site: inland forests, rivers, seashores, bays, and open oceans. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies In Calcutta, like a plant uprooted from its natural habitat, Jagu wilted and fell apart. The Gene All along the path, there are screened-in enclosures—habitats for birds of prey, mostly. Leah on the Offbeat That is, they smell like a virus; and they flourish in ruined habitats. محل زندگی

habitat

hardship If something is a hardship, it causes suffering or unpleasantness. After all the hardship you endured while training for the marathon, you really hope that you'll do well — or at least finish! The word hard in hardship is a tip-off to its meaning: something that's a hardship is hard. It could be hard work that you do for a larger goal — like training for the marathon — or it could be a situation that's hard to endure. If you lose your job, you could end up experiencing financial hardship. Sometimes a hardship is something that just happens, like the hardship people suffer following a disaster. Definitions of hardship noun something hard to endure synonyms: asperity, grimness, rigor, rigorousness, rigour, rigourousness, severeness, severity see less types: sternness the quality (as of scenery) being grim and gloomy and forbidding type of: difficultness, difficulty the quality of being difficult noun something that causes or entails suffering ""I cannot think it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than to women"- James Boswell" "the many hardships of frontier life" see less type of: bad luck, misfortune unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event noun a state of misfortune or affliction "a life of hardship" synonyms: adversity, hard knocks see less types: show 13 types... type of: bad luck, ill luck, misfortune, tough luck an unfortunate state resulting from unfavorable outcomes Usage Examples So my mother was right about my hardships. The Joy Luck Club It was a hardship station not only for the prisoners but for the prison staff. Long Walk to Freedom Men sat skewed against their wives; children passed Vishnoo the tortoise between them, hands reaching, as he ducked and scrabbled to resist the hardships of their affection. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume II: The Kingdom on the Waves The pursuit of an easier life resulted in much hardship, and not for the last tim مشکلات

hardship

harvested Definitions of harvester noun someone who helps to gather the harvest synonyms: reaper see less types: vintager a person who harvests grapes for making wine type of: farm worker, farmhand, field hand, fieldhand a hired hand on a farm noun farm machine that gathers a food crop from the fields synonyms: reaper see less types: binder, reaper binder a machine that cuts grain and binds it in sheaves combine harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field header a machine that cuts the heads off grain and moves them into a wagon type of: farm machine a machine used in farming Usage Examples And so the shrimp harvester ground on until it reached the corner where the fence turned right.The road continued north toward a low range of hills. The House of the Scorpion A plume of dust rose from the back of Ton-Ton's harvester. The House of the Scorpion Next, Triphena made her wait while she packed her a parcel of food large enough to feed a table of harvesters. Lyddie He waited hopelessly for the Keeper to find him, but instead, to his amazement, he saw Ton-Ton's shrimp harvester shuddering and groaning over the desert. word family harvesters دروگر harvested برداشت شده

harvested

humanities The humanities are studies about human culture, such as literature, philosophy, and history. Studying the humanities gives you general knowledge, but not a practical trade — you probably wouldn't study humanities at beauty school. If you're studying to be a dentist or a blacksmith, you're learning to be something in particular. Studying the humanities is different. The humanities provide general knowledge about the best accomplishments of human beings throughout history. Learning the works of Shakespeare, Plato, and Beethoven is part of the humanities. The humanities make a person educated, but not necessarily for a specific profession. Most people require a more specific area of study beyond the humanities. Definitions of humanities noun studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills) synonyms: arts, humanistic discipline, liberal arts see less types: show 46 types... type of: bailiwick, discipline, field, field of study, study, subject, subject area, subject field a branch of knowledge Usage Examples I'm reading the beginning of Plato's Republic for humanities class. Ask the Passengers Most scholars in the humanities disdain memetics, seeing it as an amateurish attempt to explain cultural processes with crude biological analogies. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind The debate over Lawrence's future at Berkeley climaxed at an acrimonious faculty conclave pitting the hard sciences, represented by Birge and Lewis, against the humanities and social sciences departments. Big Science The humanities and social sciences devote most of their energies to explaining exactly how the imagined order is woven into the tapestry of life word family human humanity humanities علوم انسانی

humanities

impressed If you're impressed, then you like what you see or you feel like saying, "wow!" People are impressed by brains, beauty, money, and lots of other qualities. To be impressed, something has to leave an impression on you — it has to be special or unusually good or particularly emotional enough that you remember it or it stands out. Colleges are impressed by high school students who get straight A's. Some people are impressed by fancy cars and clothes. Lots of people are impressed by famous actors and sports stars. If someone isn't wowed by very much, we say they aren't easily impressed. adjective deeply or markedly affected or influenced Synonyms: affected acted upon; influenced When would you most likely be impressed? when your friend fails a driving test. when your friend fails a driving test when your breakfast toast burns when rain continues for two days Usage Examples When Rumford observed this process, he was impressed by two facts. The Scientists Still, they would be impressed, he hoped, by the lovely bay windows, the shining parquet floors, the impressive winding staircase, the wooden wainscoting, as they sipped champagne and dipped samosas in chutney. Interpreter of Maladies She rocks back on her heels, all impressed with herself. Allegedly They spoke for some time, and Mrs. Coulter was impressed by their accurate knowledge of the Church's defenses, and their clear assessment of its leaders' strengths. Word Family impressed impression impress تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتن

impressed

illuminate To illuminate is to light up — with physical light or with an idea. A spotlight might illuminate an actor on stage, and a good chemistry teacher might illuminate students with a lesson on the atomic structure of hydrogen. Originally, the verb illuminate referred to decorating handwritten manuscripts with bright lettering or pictures. Monks illuminated manuscripts with colors like gold, silver, bright red, and blue. Nowadays you can illuminate anything in the dark — either literally or figuratively. If you are afraid of the dark, illuminate your bedroom. In the dark when it comes to organic chemistry? Get an illuminating tutor. Definitions of illuminate verb make lighter or brighter synonyms: illume, illumine, light, light up see less types: floodlight illuminate with floodlights spotlight illuminate with a spotlight, as in the theater type of: lighten, lighten up become lighter verb make free from confusion or ambiguity; make clear synonyms: clear, clear up, crystalise, crystalize, crystallise, crystallize, elucidate, enlighten, shed light on, sort out, straighten out see less type of: clarify, clear up, elucidate make clear and (more) comprehensible verb add embellishments and paintings to (medieval manuscripts) see less types: miniate, rubricate decorate (manuscripts) with letters painted red type of: adorn, beautify, decorate, embellish, grace, ornament make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc Usage Examples Glow sticks illuminated most of the pumpkins, two in each. Fablehaven Her face was illuminated by the lights in the dashboard, and it appeared ghostly white set against the utter blackness of country roads. Educated The headlights creep through the tall stalks, illuminating a leaf here, an ear of corn there. Insurgent The burning library and farmhouse illuminated the grounds روشن کردن

illuminate

illustrate To illustrate is to make something more clear or visible. Children's books are illustrated with pictures. An example can illustrate an abstract idea. The word illustrate comes from the Latin illustrare 'to light up or enlighten.' Pictures in a book enlighten the reader, and a good example can enlighten someone on a complex topic. Another use: The government's actions illustrate how out of touch it is with the people. The history of this word illustrates how language changes over time, and how knowing the original meaning can help you understand the word in a deeper way. Definitions of illustrate verb depict with an illustration see less type of: depict, picture, render, show show in, or as in, a picture verb supply with illustrations "illustrate a book with drawings" see less type of: adorn, beautify, decorate, embellish, grace, ornament make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc. verb clarify by giving an example of synonyms: exemplify, instance see less type of: dilate, elaborate, enlarge, expand, expatiate, exposit, expound, flesh out, lucubrate add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing Usage Examples Dürer's map illustrates how rapidly the notion of the Earth as a globe established itself after the publication of Waldseemuller's map in 1507; it also demonstrates Dürer's complete mastery of perspective representation. The Invention of Science The cause of Lazlo's shock wasn't the violence of it—the spurting blood or the liberal quantities of red paint used to illustrate it. Strange the Dreamer What happened after that row over the chess illustrates pretty well the point I'm making. Never Let Me Go By evening I move on to rereading the annotated and illustrated version of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. نشان دادن

illustrate

imping Whether you have a habit of standing too close when talking to others or bringing luggage on a crowded rush-hour subway car, you'll find people don't like it when you impinge on their personal space. When you impinge, you intrude on something, whether it's someone else's space, time, or rights. Think of it as moving in on someone's territory. The word also can be used in the sense of affecting something, usually negatively, often by restricting it. For example, constantly inviting your friend to go shopping and meet you in nice restaurants might impinge on her desire to save money. Definitions of impinge verb impinge or infringe upon "This impinges on my rights as an individual" synonyms: encroach, entrench, trench see less type of: take advantage, trespass make excessive use of verb advance beyond the usual limit synonyms: encroach, infringe see less type of: advance, go on, march on, move on, pass on, progress move forward, also in the metaphorical sense Usage Examples It showed that a person's decision making is impinged by something as simple as a modest memory task. A Deadly Wandering: A Mystery, a Landmark Investigation, and the Astonishing Science of Attention in the Digital Age All that business about "unzipping," that was typical of the way the whole subject impinged on us when we were thirteen. Never Let Me Go A feeling that I was forgetting something impinged on my too- rare happiness. The Name of the Wind Natural uranium's fission cross section—that is, the probability that the nucleus would fission under given circumstances—was highly sensitive to the energy of the impinging neutrons. ضربه می زنه

imping

imply Imply means to express, suggest, or show something without stating it directly: A friend's gruff manner would imply that she's in a foul mood. The verb imply comes from a Latin word meaning "enfold or entangle" but has come to mean "to hint at." You might imply something that you don't want to outright say if you're feeling coy. If you don't call someone back after she leaves eight messages, you imply that you don't want to chat. When you make a subtle suggestion, you imply. Usage Examples Scientists just assume that we can't really be the center of the universe-think what that would imply-but that the phenomenon must be the same for all observers in all places. A Short History of Nearly Everything I reached over to wake Zu, ignoring whatever it was he was trying to imply. The Darkest Minds He hands each item to me until he's wearing only his boxers, and I say, "Off with them, Theodore Finch. You were the one who said 'streaking,' and I believe 'streaking' implies full-on nakedness. All The Bright Places But the way Sander used the word, it implied something more, something better—that I was not merely part of a household, but part of a family. Word Family imply implies implied دلالت کردن

imply

in which که در ان

in which

indeed Use the word indeed to add emphasis to a statement. Think if it as another way to say: "That's right," or "Oh, yeah." Are you seriously going to eat that entire chocolate cake? Indeed, I am. Indeed originates from the phrase in dede meaning "in fact, in truth." When you use the word indeed, you are underscoring that something is true. The word is also used when you want to introduce a point that's even truer than the last one you made. "Yes, I passed the test, and indeed, got the highest score in the class." In other words, it's a polite way to say, "Take that!" Definitions of indeed adverb in truth (often tends to intensify) "they said the car would break down and indeed it did" "it is very cold indeed" "was indeed grateful" "indeed, the rain may still come" synonyms: so adverb (used as an interjection) an expression of surprise or skepticism or irony etc. "Wants to marry the butler? Indeed!" Usage Examples As I said, I thought at first that the no boundary condition did indeed imply that disorder would decrease in the contracting phase. A Brief History of Time: And Other Essays Just as they turned to leave, I heard Papa murmur in a low voice, "Wonderful indeed is the work of our Lord." Where the Red Fern Grows And now the whole country, indeed, the whole world, seemed suddenly to be caught up in a mad candy-buying spree, everybody searching frantically for those precious remaining tickets. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory After a second of assuring herself that she indeed was being called upon, she laid down her handbag and slowly folded her handkerchief. درواقع

indeed

independent If your brother says you broke his guitar and you say you weren't anywhere near it, your parents may ask your sister for an independent opinion, as she has no reason to lie. An independent person is free from the control or influence of other people. The root word, depend, originally meant "to hang down." We use the word hang in a similar way. If the decision to build a new stadium hangs on funding, the decision won't be made till the money comes in. To be independent means that you don't depend on your parents to pay your bills. Or, for a three year old, it may mean going to the bathroom "all by yourself." It's all relative. Usage Examples Here is what that means—ideologues are narrow-minded people, incapable of independent thought and critical thinking. Towers Falling He is disgusted by this free and independent Ireland that keeps a class system foisted on us by the English, that we are throwing our talented children on the dungheap. Angela's Ashes: A Memoir She put off her sister's reticence to that independent streak of hers. In the Time of the Butterflies Kepler, stubborn, intelligent and fiercely independent, suffered two friendless years in bleak Maulbronn, becoming isolated and withdrawn, his thoughts devoted to his imagined unworthiness in the eyes of God. مستقل

independent

indigenous Use indigenous to describe a plant, animal or person that is native or original to an area. Though Switzerland is known for its chocolates, chocolate, which comes from the cocoa plant, is indigenous to South America. Indigenous, aboriginal, and native all mean the same thing. Aboriginal, however, is commonly used in connection with Australia, and native with North America. The most neutral of the three terms, indigenous comes from the Latin word, indigena meaning "a native." An indigenous ceremony or religion is one traditionally used by a certain group of people. Definitions of indigenous adjective originating where it is found "the Ainu are indigenous to the northernmost islands of Japan" synonyms: autochthonal, autochthonic, autochthonous, endemic native characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin Usage Examples More important, anthropologists, archaeologists, geographers, and historians who were reassessing the environmental impact of indigenous cultures in North and Central America inevitably turned to the tropical forest. 1491 Incredibly, it never occurred to me before that indigenous culture might be the heart of this city, maybe even the heart of the entire province of Imbabura. The Queen of Water A teacher crippled by a country that offered little promise or future for its indigenous and colored inhabitants. The Autobiography of Malcolm X Only later did domesticates derived from indigenous species of the Indian subcontinent, such as humped cattle and sesame, appear in Indus Valley farming communities. بومی

indigenous

interval A clock breaks time down into intervals of seconds, minutes, and hours. An interval is a distinct measure of time or the physical or temporal distance between two things. When you are driving down the highway at 60 mph, you'll see distance markers at intervals of .1 miles. That means that every 1/10th of a mile, you will see one of these markers. Do the math and you'll see that these signs flash by you at intervals of 6 seconds. If your coach tells you to try interval training, he is telling you to do something like run for three minutes, lift weights for two, then run again for three. If he tells you do this again and again, you might want to end this interval of your life. Definitions of interval noun the distance between things synonyms: separation see less types: clearance the distance by which one thing clears another; the space between them type of: distance the property created by the space between two objects or points noun a definite length of time marked off by two instants synonyms: time interval see less types: show 35 types... type of: amount, measure, quantity how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify noun the difference in pitch between two notes synonyms: musical interval see less types: show 9 types... type of: musical notation (music) notation used by musicians noun a set containing all points (or all real numbers) between two given endpoints see less types: bounded interval, closed interval an interval that includes its endpoints open interval, unbounded interval an interval that does not include its endpoints sub-interval an interval that is included in another interval type of: set (mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols Usage Examples he tunnel is lit at long intervals, so in the dark space between each dim lamp, I fear that I am lost until a shoulder bumps mine. Divergent I claim no brief, no pity, who did not answer 7 will'not because I was not asked, because there was no place, no niche, no interval for reply. Absalom, Absalom! I did not understand the game, nor why at intervals one of them yelled "Donkey!" amid laughter. Purple Hibiscus Heat lamps glow in regularly spaced intervals, their flames adding a golden warmth to our skin, and the lights of the city shimmer down below. فاصله

interval

investment You are making an investment when you put money into a business with the hopes that the business will grow and bring you a profit. Many consider a college education to be one of the best investments you can make. Besides money, you can put time, effort or emotional support into something and also call it an investment. Volunteering in an organization requires an investment of time and energy. You may hear someone say, "We must make an investment in the future of our children," when he or she is pleading for fiscal responsibility, education, environmental protection or some other cause that will affect the success of future generations. Definitions of investment noun the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit synonyms: investing see less types: show 4 types... type of: finance the commercial activity of providing funds and capital noun money that is invested with an expectation of profit synonyms: investment funds see less types: show 4 types... type of: assets anything of material value or usefulness that is owned by a person or company noun the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result "this job calls for the investment of some hard thinking" "he made an emotional investment in the work" see less type of: commitment, committedness the trait of sincere and steadfast fixity of purpose noun the act of putting on robes or vestments see less type of: dressing, grooming the activity of getting dressed; putting on clothes noun the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank synonyms: investiture see less type of: promotion the act of raising in rank or position noun outer layer or covering of an organ or part or organism see less types: pellicle thin protective membrane in some protozoa type of: cutis, skin, tegument a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch Usage Examples For instance, the enormous investments made in nuclear weapons during World War II and in airplanes and trucks during World War I launched whole new fields of technology. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies From 2000 to 2008, South Korea propped up the North—and bought itself a measure of peaceful coexistence—with huge unconditional gifts of fertilizer and food, along with generous investment. Escape from Camp 14: One Man's Remarkable Odyssey from North Korea to Freedom in the West He would want a return on his investment, too. Far from the Tree Customs, culture, ideas about right and wrong all fall away under the pressure to increase production and get a higher return on investment سرمایه گذاری

investment

irritability Definitions of irritability noun an irritable petulant feeling synonyms: choler, crossness, fretfulness, fussiness, peevishness, petulance see less types: testiness, tetchiness, touchiness feeling easily irritated pet a fit of petulance or sulkiness (especially at what is felt to be a slight) type of: distemper, ill humor, ill humour an angry and disagreeable mood noun a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger synonyms: biliousness, peevishness, pettishness, snappishness, surliness, temper see less types: querulousness the quality of being given to complaining type of: ill nature a disagreeable, irritable, or malevolent disposition noun excessive sensitivity of an organ or body part synonyms: excitability see less type of: reactivity, responsiveness responsive to stimulation Usage Examples Near the window, hidden by the dark, he felt the irritability of the day drain from him and relished the effortless beauty of the women singing in the candlelight. Song of Solomon Hard on the heels of the general relief that Sula's death brought a restless irritability took hold. Sula Though she'd never admit it, another possible cause for Holly's irritability was the Ritual. Artemis Fowl "The first is what I call positive sentiment override, where positive emotion overrides irritability. It's like a buffer. Their spouse will do something bad, and they'll say, 'Oh, he's just in a crummy mood.' irritability irritable irritably تحریک پذیری

irritability

kayaks A kayak is a narrow one- or two-person boat that is propelled with a double-ended paddle. You can use a kayak in the ocean, on a pond or lake, or in a river. When you get in a kayak and start paddling around, you kayak (the verb). People who visit the beach often rent sea kayaks and kayak around the shore and between small islands. An even more adventurous way to kayak is in a whitewater kayak on a fast-moving river. Kayaks were first built and used by Inuits, Aleuts, and Yup'iks, and the word comes from the Inuit qayaq, "small boat of skins." Definitions of kayak noun a light, narrow recreational boat propelled with a double-bladed paddle see less type of: small boat a boat that is small noun a small canoe consisting of a light frame made watertight with animal skins; used by the Inuit people see less type of: canoe small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle verb travel in a small canoe "we kayaked down the river" see less type of: boat ride in a boat on water Usage Examples So when I saw the tip of that dirty red kayak break the surface, I was ready to cry with relief. Red Kayak Still no sign of a red kayak or a yellow life jacket. Red Kayak Nearby, Mr. DiAngelo's new, red kayak rested on two wooden sawhorses. Red Kayak We pull the kayaks onto the rocks and climb to where it's dry and cool. قایق پارویی

kayaks

logging Definitions of logging noun the work of cutting down trees for timber see less type of: work activity directed toward making or doing something Usage Examples The work was less physically demanding than logging and allowed him to be outdoors. Just Mercy A little after nine in the morning we were walking together down a logging road cut into a steep hillside. The Omnivore's Dilemma Now I've gone the full 80 kilometers, set up my solar cells for charging, and I'm logging the wattage. The Martian I opened another window, displaying the brief e-mail I'd composed just before logging into the Basement word family log logs logging کسانی که جنگل ها رو خراب می کنند

logging

look favorably Definitions of unfavorably adverb showing disapproval; in a disparaging way "he reviewed the play unfavorably" synonyms: unfavourably see less Antonyms: favorably, favourably showing approval Usage Examples: These days, our education system is more often compared with schooling in Asia—unfavorably. Drama High For anyone to unfavorably compare that to a studio and director making a business decision which saves the project for the other 800+ artists is ridiculous! New York TimesDec 13, 2017 The movie's opening performance was unfavorably compared to some of McCarthy's recent hits, including "The Heat," which debuted to $39.1 million. Los Angeles TimesOct 7, 2014 In this full-throated book of essays — the rare example of a collection that coheres into a manifesto — Giraldi argues passionately for literary excellence, comparing modern examples unfavorably with great works of the past. Word Family: unfavorably unfavorable favor favorable به دیده احترام نگاه کردن

look favorably

mammals What do you have in common with your hamster, a whale, a bat, a giraffe, and the kid who packs your groceries? Every one is a mammal — a hairy, warm-blooded, milk-drinking vertebrate, just like you. All mammals are part of the scientific class mammalian, which got its name from the mammary glands used to nourish mammal babies. A note of interest: although a characteristic of mammals is that babies are born live, there's a group of mammals called monotremes, like the platypus, that lay eggs; but whose young'uns, after they hatch, still get fed mama's milk. Go figure. Definitions of mammal noun any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk synonyms: mammalian see less examples: show 12 examples... types: show 38 types... type of: craniate, vertebrate animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium Usage Examples Large mammals changed that: for the first time in human history, it became possible to move heavy goods in large quantities, as well as people, rapidly overland for long distances. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies Rodents and other small mammals domesticated for food included the rabbit in Europe, the guinea pig in the Andes, a giant rat in West Africa, and possibly a rodent called the hutia on Caribbean islands. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies It's thus straightforward to review a region's big mammals and to test whether the lack of mammal domestication in some regions was due to the unavailability of suitable wild species, rather than to local peoples. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies Having in the preceding two chapters discussed why so many wild plant species seemingly suitable for domestication were never domesticated, we shall now tackle the corresponding question for domestic mammals. پستانداران

mammals

manicipal A municipality refers to a village, town, or city that's usually governed by a mayor and council. From this noun, we get the adjective municipal, which you can use to describe something that relates to a town or its government. Your town's city council may have offices in the municipal building downtown. If you want to fight city hall, that would be the place to go. Municipal also more generally describes anything related to the town or city itself. If you live within the city limits, for example, your house may be hooked into the municipal water supply, but if you live outside the city limits you may have to have your own well. Definitions of municipal adjective relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality "municipal government" "municipal bonds" "a municipal park" "municipal transportation" adjective of or relating to the government of a municipality ""international law...only authorizes a belligerent to punish a spy under its municipal law"- J.L.kuntz" Synonyms: domestic of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation Usage Examples: They set the standard for excellence in municipal swimming pools. Life of Pi It's a big, manicured municipal park, and it would be easy for several people to disappear into the Oosterpark's darkness. Girl in the Blue Coat In a funny way, it reminded him of the municipal golf course in his hometown in New Jersey. The Things They Carried The rest of the African areas were municipal townships containing matchbox houses for which the residents paid rent to the Johannesburg City Council. شهری

manicipal

manufacturing Definitions of manufacturing business noun a business engaged in manufacturing some product synonyms: maker, manufacturer see less types: show 4 types... type of: business, business concern, business organisation, business organization, concern a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it Usage Examples: Jackson further parlayed the desire of the packers and other manufacturing business owners to win the hearts and minds of their black employees, setting up a host of company-sponsored social groups. A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 To build any kind of manufacturing business in the United States today takes money." New York TimesAug 15, 2013 His father retired as the owner of a dress manufacturing business in New York. New York TimesNov 24, 2019 His family was prominent in the city's Jewish community, founding a synagogue and owning several clothing and manufacturing businesses. تولید

manufacturing

mere Mere means pure and simple, nothing more and nothing less. If the mere mention of someone's name makes you happy, then just hearing his name — and that alone — is enough to make you smile. Mere can have a little irony attached. If you introduce yourself as "a mere student," when you're announcing your astounding invention, you're contrasting your lowly status with the enormity of your invention. This kind of mere comes from the Latin for "undiluted." Mere has a homograph — a completely different word that's spelled the same — and this mere means a lake or a pond. It's related to the Dutch word meer — there's lots of water in Holland. Definitions of mere adjective being nothing more than specified "a mere child" Synonyms: specified clearly and explicitly stated adjective apart from anything else; without additions or modifications "shocked by the mere idea" synonyms: bare, simple plain not elaborate or elaborated; simple noun a small pond of standing water see less type of: pond, pool a small lake Usage Examples From that altitude the streets and lanes of the city were mere lines on a page, the houses and factories a child's collection of boxes. The Best of Enemies And she laughed at the mere suggestion of such a thing. Mary Poppins I plop down on the couch and it's mere seconds before Riot is curling into a circle in my lap. Dumplin' Across our yard and the pond, I see curious Mr. Bender, a mere speck in the distance. مشخص

mere

military Ten, hut! So you'd like the definition of military? Yes, Sir! The adjective military is used to describe anything related to the armed forces or soldiers. Stemming from the Latin word for "soldier," military is a word that goes hand in hand with war. It's the military that protects a country's interests, lead by generals and powered by brave soldiers. When used as an adjective, military describes anything that's related to, well, the military: salutes, campaigns, uniforms, etc. Definitions of military noun the military forces of a nation "their military is the largest in the region" "the military machine is the same one we faced in 1991 but now it is weaker" synonyms: armed forces, armed services, military machine, war machine see more adjective associated with or performed by members of the armed services as contrasted with civilians "military police" Synonyms: expeditionary (used of military forces) designed for military operations abroad martial of or relating to the armed forces combatant engaging in or ready for combat noncombatant member of armed forces whose duties do not include fighting as e.g. a chaplain or surgeon see more adjective characteristic of or associated with soldiers or the military "military uniforms" Synonyms: militaristic imbued with militarism martial, soldierlike, soldierly, warriorlike (of persons) befitting a warrior martial, warlike suggesting war or military life see more adjective of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare "military law" Usage Examples With military discipline, the students marched down the block to the Kress building, an Art Deco structure which was, coincidentally, one of the most beautiful commercial buildings in Durham. The Best of Enemies This was military school, I thought to myself. The Other Wes Moore: One Name, Two Fates The conditions in the military facility were absurdly stringent. The Gene Or consider the Moche, leaders of a military state that overran much of the northern coast, submerging the identities of its victims in its own. ارتش

military

misadventurer Ever climb a ladder and then, when you're at the top, the ladder tips over, leaving you stranded up there? That's the start of a misadventure, an unfortunate situation that happens because of bad luck. Kids are always having misadventures. Falling into a pit of mud, getting stuck between slats in a fence, a monkey stealing the shirt off your back: all classic misadventures. The word is rooted in the French word mesaventure, which translates to "turn out badly." Some misadventures are only embarrassing, while others are exhausting and sad. The worst part? You can't prevent a misadventure, because they happen by chance. Definitions of misadventure noun an instance of misfortune synonyms: mischance, mishap see less types: show 14 types... type of: bad luck, misfortune unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event Usage Examples Bing wasn't too happy either; his misadventures as a horse owner were becoming an embarrassment. Seabiscuit: An American Legend When I tried to tell him of my adventures and misadventures, he responded with a casual indifference which stilled the tale on my lips. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings She went gallivanting with him on his manic misadventures. Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood "And if she lied? If she meets with misadventure?" حادثه بد

misadventurer

morals Morals are what you believe to be right and wrong. People can have different morals: you might say, "I like his morals" or "I wonder about his morals." Your morals are your ideas about right and wrong, especially how you should act and treat other people. Most people would agree that thieves, murderers, and other criminals are lacking morals. A lot of people would say politicians could use some morals as well. Every person has a slightly different set of morals, and different cultures have their own morals as well. You probably get your morals from a combination of your parents, your teachers, your culture, and your religion. Definitions of morals noun motivation based on ideas of right and wrong synonyms: ethical motive, ethics, morality see less types: show 6 types... type of: motivation, motive, need the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior Usage Examples The hypocritical white man will talk about the Negro's "low morals." The Autobiography of Malcolm X I also read the conduct hooks she prescribed to teach me morals, though I found them most tiresome. Ophelia If people saw such a thing in the village, they'd wonder, "Where are their morals?" The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind Back on the beach, the girls built a signal fire from sticks, palm leaves, and paper from their morals clause contracts, rescued from their official "Welcome, Miss Teen Dream" folders. اخلاقی

morals

mud Mud is very wet dirt. On rainy days, you might enjoy putting on your tall rubber boots and squishing around in the mud. When you mix soil with water, you get mud — a soft, almost sticky material. Mud results from a damp environment or a recent rain. There's also the mud that masons or bricklayers use to stick stones together — it resembles mud, though it's actually mortar or plaster, and to use it when building is to mud. The word mud also showed up in 1920s as slang" meaning "bad coffee," and if your "name is mud," you've got a bad reputation. Definitions of mud noun water soaked soil; soft wet earth synonyms: clay see less types: bleaching clay, bleaching earth an adsorbent clay that will remove coloring from oils mud pie a mass of mud that a child has molded into the shape of pie mire, slop deep soft mud in water or slush type of: dirt, soil the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock noun slanderous remarks or charges see less type of: slander words falsely spoken that damage the reputation of another verb soil with mud, muck, or mire synonyms: mire, muck, muck up see less type of: begrime, bemire, colly, dirty, grime, soil make soiled, filthy, or dirty verb plaster with mud see less type of: daub, plaster coat with plaster Usage Examples His socks wouldn't last two minutes on the Alabama mud. The Watsons Go to Birmingham The old man sits against a mud wall. The Kite Runner She began by smearing handfuls of thick mud over her entire body. The Wild Robot Caked with filthy mud and trailing broken spears, they dashed off along the ditch. گل و لای

mud

necessity A good camping knife is a necessity if you're going to be hiking in a heavily forested region. A necessity is something that you must have in order to complete a task. When used in the plural, necessities are items required for a situation but nothing extra. You probably only bring the bare necessities to a sleepover — pajamas and a toothbrush. Sometimes a necessity is a thing you must know how to do. Knowing how to balance your checkbook is a financial necessity. In some cases, necessity simply means "need." Do you do your homework out of necessity or because you want to? Definitions of necessity noun the condition of being essential or indispensable see less types: show 5 types... type of: demand, need a condition requiring relief noun anything indispensable "food and shelter are necessities of life" synonyms: essential, necessary, requirement, requisite see less Antonyms: inessential, nonessential anything that is not essential types: desideratum something desired as a necessity must a necessary or essential thing need, want anything that is necessary but lacking type of: thing a separate and self-contained entity Usage Examples In fact, the novel, as time passed, grew upon me to the extent that it became a necessity to write it; the writing of it turned into a way of living for me. Native Son Mr. Freeman brought in the necessities and she earned extra money cutting poker games in gambling parlors. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings So in building models we would postulate that the sugar-phosphate backbone was very regular, and the order of bases of necessity very irregular. Double Helix I personally was awed by her efficiency, a skill clearly forged by necessity over a lifetime in the public eye. نیاز

necessity

neglect Neglect is worse than ignoring something. It's ignoring it, failing to care for it, and probably harming it in the process. The word neglect comes from the Latin verb neglegere, which means "disregarded." You can neglect to do your chores, meaning fail to do them, but this word is usually reserved for cases when you willingly refuse to care for something appropriately. Child neglect is what parents get charged with when they fail to provide for their child's basic needs. If you go on vacation and neglect your plants, they may wither and die due to your lack of attention. Usage Examples She refused to leave her alone and completely neglected Blanca, who cried all day long because she wanted to return to Tres Marias. The House of the Spirits: A Novel There are few studies more fascinating, and at the same time more neglected, than those of the teeming populations that exist in the dark realms of the soil. Silent Spring I also learned that to neglect one's ancestors would bring ill-fortune and failure in life. Long Walk to Freedom My aunt haunts me—her ghost drawn to me because now, after fifty years of neglect, I alone devote pages of paper to her, though not origamied into houses and clothes. word family neglect neglected بی توجهی

neglect

no matter Definitions of no matter adverb in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks synonyms: disregarding, disregardless, irrespective, regardless Usage Examples Here, we eat the Commandant's scraps, and no matter how hungry I am, they taste like sawdust. An Ember in the Ashes He wouldn't listen to anything she said, no matter what the truth was. Throne of Glass Stupid mistake —it's usually the last thing 1 do before I shut down my computer, no matter what I've been looking at. The Girl on the Train But no matter what he was, I needed him alive—for Kevin's sake and for my own. اشکالی ندارد

no matter

nomadic A nomad is someone who lives by traveling from place to place. Nomadic thus means anything that involves moving around a lot. Nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes follow the animals they hunt, carrying tents with them. You don't have to be a nomad to live a nomadic lifestyle. People who work for the state department travel from foreign country to foreign country in four-year postings--they might call this nomadic. If you change schools a lot because of your parents' moves, you could say you've had a nomadic education. Definitions of nomadic adjective migratory "the nomadic habits of the Bedouins" synonyms: mobile, peregrine, roving, wandering unsettled not settled or established Usage Examples The vast majority of farmers lived in permanent settlements; only a few were nomadic shepherds. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Babies and small children, who move slowly and demand much attention, were a burden on nomadic foragers. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind She decided to embark on an investigation of the nomadic mummies. The House of the Spirits: A Novel The term, "relocation" abbreviated, was used as noun and verb to describe the nomadic lives of white-collar families employed by global companies. کوچ نشین

nomadic

obligation An obligation is a duty. It's your obligation or responsibility to call your mom on Mother's Day. Sending flowers would be even better. When you are morally or legally bound to a particular commitment, it's your obligation to follow through on it. If you see a crime taking place, for example, it's your obligation to notify the police. If an elderly person comes onto a full bus, it's your obligation to give up your seat for him. Sometimes when you enter a formal agreement with someone involving money, you might have to sign an obligation that states you are committed to paying back what you've borrowed. Definitions of obligation noun the state of being obligated to do or pay something "he is under an obligation to finish the job" see less types: show 6 types... type of: state the way something is with respect to its main attributes noun the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force "every opportunity, an obligation" synonyms: duty, responsibility see less types: show 21 types... type of: social control control exerted (actively or passively) by group action noun a personal relation in which one is indebted for a service or favor synonyms: indebtedness see less type of: personal relation, personal relationship a relation between persons noun a written promise to repay a debt synonyms: certificate of indebtedness, debt instrument see less types: show 29 types... type of: document a written account of ownership or obligation noun a legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply see less types: debt an obligation to pay or do something type of: written agreement a legal document summarizing the agreement between parties Usage Examples The Bank of England and a syndicate of financiers were racing to raise a fund to guarantee Baring's financial obligations. The Devil in the White City We went to morning Mass, and although we did not usually visit Father Benedict on holy days of obligation, we went to his house afterward. Purple Hibiscus I found it difficult to swallow the idea that I would sacrifice what I regarded as my obligation to the students for my own selfish interests. Long Walk to Freedom Its writing was, I think, both an obligation to and a link with his family, the Hearth of Estre. obligation اجبار،تعهد،وظیفه obligatoryاجباری oblige اجبارکردن

obligation

obscure If something is obscure, it's vague and hard to see. Be careful if you're driving in heavy rain — the painted lines can be obscure. Obscure comes from Latin obscurus, which can mean "dark, dim," "unclear, hard to understand," or "insignificant, humble." We tend to use obscure in the metaphorical senses: an obscure sound is unclear, an obscure village is hidden away in the countryside, and an obscure poet is little known and probably insignificant. Obscure can also be used as a verb. If you get really nervous when you speak during a debate, your embarrassing twitches and shaking hands can obscure your argument. Usage Examples Warbeak pecked and scratched frantically, her target obscured by the bulky haversack. Redwall Miranda smiled, but her mouth was obscured by a large brush that the saleswoman was sweeping over her face. Interpreter of Maladies I was raised in the belief that these were obscure little engines inside my cells, owned and operated by me or my cellular delegates, private, submicroscopic bits of my intelligent flesh. The Lives of a Cell Sleet drummed slantwise at the great rigid envelope of the craft, making a noise that almost drowned the clatter and howl of the straining engines, and obscuring the view of the ground مبهم

obscure

prevailing Something that is prevalent or most common can be described as prevailing. The prevailing opinion in your family might be that your cousin Bob who sleeps in his closet is certifiably insane. The adjective prevailing comes from the Latin words prae, meaning before, and valere, meaning to be strong or have power. The English word maintains that sense of strength and predominance. If you live a couple of miles north of a pig farm, and the weatherman says that the prevailing winds will be from the south and gusty, it's probably a good day to keep your windows closed. Definitions of prevailing adjective most frequent or common "prevailing winds" synonyms: dominant, predominant, prevalent, rife frequent coming at short intervals or habitually Usage Examples The prevailing belief was that the Sun and Moon were gods. Cosmos They believed in the prevailing concept of God: God as benevolent Father who created every single species as it existed now, unchanged. Charles and Emma: The Darwins' Leap of Faith Today, no less than fifty years ago, a flawed public consensus lies at the core of the prevailing caste system. The New Jim Crow Fifty years ago, the prevailing concept in the American criminal justice system was that everyone in the community is the victim when an offender commits a violent crime. Word Family prevailing prevail prevailed عمومی،غالب

prevailing

occupation An occupation is a physical takeover. Your student group's occupation of the college building made news when your demands became known. In exchange for leaving, you wanted the college to grant a tuition freeze. The occupation of a building can refer to the rightful habitation by its residents or the takeover of a building, as in a protest. The occupation of a country, however, always refers to the takeover and control of one country by another, as in the German occupation of France during WWII. The noun occupation can also mean your line of work or anything that occupies your time. Some people have unusual occupations, such as alligator wrangler or golf ball retriever. Definitions of occupation noun the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money synonyms: business, job, line, line of work see less types: show 186 types... type of: activity any specific behavior noun any activity that occupies a person's attention "he missed the bell in his occupation with the computer game" see less type of: activity any specific behavior noun the period of time during which a place or position or nation is occupied "during the German occupation of Paris" see less type of: period, period of time, time period an amount of time noun the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power synonyms: military control see less type of: social control control exerted (actively or passively) by group action noun the act of occupying or taking possession of a building synonyms: moving in, occupancy see less types: preoccupancy, preoccupation the act of taking occupancy before someone else does type of: acquiring, getting the act of acquiring something Usage Examples For a moment I thought it must be inhabited—perhaps the poor man on the beach lived here—but I looked around me again, and saw no sign of recent occupation. Rebecca Silence is the fruit of the occupation; it hangs in branches, seeps from gutters. All the Light We Cannot See Clearly, being anxious is a full-time and rather exhausting occupation. The Incorrigible Children of Ashton Place: Book I: The Mysterious Howling Men were frequently identified by their occupation rather than by their last name. اشتغال

occupation

offends If you hurt someone's feelings, you offend that person. You might accidentally offend your friend when you joke about the worst restaurant in town, not realizing it's her favorite place to eat. If you do something that makes another person resent you, you offend them. Your friends might not mind because you're so humble, but it could offend other classmates when the teachers always pick you for awards and honors. You also offend when you cause disgust or distaste. After your week of camping — and not showering — your smell will probably offend the nose of anyone who has to sit near you. Definitions of offend verb cause to feel resentment or indignation "Her tactless remark offended me" synonyms: pique see less type of: anger make angry verb hurt the feelings of synonyms: bruise, hurt, injure, spite, wound see less types: show 6 types... type of: arouse, elicit, enkindle, evoke, fire, kindle, pique, provoke, raise call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses) verb strike with disgust or revulsion synonyms: appal, appall, outrage, scandalise, scandalize, shock see less type of: churn up, disgust, nauseate, revolt, sicken cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of verb act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises "offend all laws of humanity" synonyms: breach, break, go against, infract, transgress, violate see less Antonyms: keep, observe conform one's action or practice to types: show 7 types... type of: disrespect show a lack of respect for Usage Examples Surely Earth Mother is offended that the Ugly One would place seeds into her. They won't grow! Don't waste our precious kernels by contaminating them with your hand!" The Ugly One Be respectful and try your best not to offend anyone in your posts. Watch Us Rise Finally he said, "Now, don't be offended or anything, but neither of you are that good at chess —" "We're not offended," said Harry quickly. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone Christian was offended at Tycho's high tone and the way he treated the King as an equal, and not least by this haughty phrase, which implied that Tycho might refuse a royal request. word family offends آزرده offended رنجیده offensive توهین آمیز

offends

officially If something's done officially, it's done formally, often with the backing of some kind of authority, like a government. You might be elected president in November, but you won't officially take office until January of the following year. The adverb officially can describe something that's done publicly in an official and formal way. A company's CEO may officially resign after speculation about money laundering became public. An advertising campaign might officially launch with a Super Bowl ad. Officially can also describe something authorized by a government or other organization with authority. The government may officially announce that unemployment has decreased in the last six months. Definitions of officially adverb in an official role "officially, he is in charge" "officially responsible" see less Antonyms: unofficially not in an official capacity adverb with official authorization synonyms: formally Usage Examples Harlem by now was officially off limits to white servicemen. The Autobiography of Malcolm X Even though most of my team is incarcerated, it's officially a tie because they never found our flag. Liar & Spy At 3:25 p.m.—almost a half hour after the announced beginning time—a starting gun sounded and the parade officially began. Votes for Women! Although she wasn't officially on the team, a younger fencer named Eliza Stone was also traveling with us for the competition. office official officials officer رسما

officially

opproximately Approximately is close to a particular time, measurement, or number — but it's not exact. If you plan to meet a friend at approximately 2:00, it will be okay if you are a bit early or late. Approximately has its roots in the Latin word proximus, meaning "nearly." So, approximately means "about" or "close to." If you tell someone there will be approximately seventy people at a dinner, it means you expect seventy people, though the actual number could be a little more or a little less than seventy. Definitions of approximately adverb (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct "lasted approximately an hour" synonyms: about, around, close to, just about, more or less, or so, roughly, some Usage Examples There is a similarly operated boys' camp not far from us on the other side of the rice field, with approximately another eighty boys supervised by their comrade brother, or Met Bong Preuf. First They Killed My Father: A Daughter of Cambodia Remembers The famous Charge of the Light Brigade, in comparison, suffered casualties of approximately 40 percent. The Killer Angels: The Classic Novel of the Civil War Tibbets learned the basics of how the atomic bomb would work and approximately how powerful the explosion might be. Bomb Tison's trial in connection with the January shooting that left one teenager dead and another wounded is set to begin approximately five weeks from today تقریبا

opproximately

outright If you do something outright, you do it in a wholehearted, unrestricted way. If you declare outright that you're never eating another cupcake, that's the end of that. If you eat one anyway, you told an outright lie. If an event is cancelled outright, there's no question about it being rescheduled, and if you buy a new car outright, you pay for it all at once, instead of making monthly payments. Outright means direct and immediate — whether it's an adverb or an adjective: "The child's outright refusal to put on his shoes exasperated his babysitter." It can also mean "right away." If you step on a slug, you'll probably kill it outright. Ew. Definitions of outright adverb without reservation or concealment "she asked him outright for a divorce" adverb without restrictions or stipulations or further payments "buy outright" adjective without reservation or exception synonyms: straight-out, unlimited unqualified not limited or restricted adverb without any delay "he was killed outright" synonyms: in a flash, instantaneously, instantly Usage Examples Not outright; but Hunters Hunter looked right in his eyes one evening and said, "She got reasons. Even if she crazy. Crazy people got reasons." Jazz "So here is your business proposal, Mr. Buckminster. I propose to purchase Mrs. Cobb's house from you outright. I'm prepared to offer you better than the market price." Lizzie Bright and the Buckminster Boy "Valerian tried to murder me outright. Twice. First in the tower, then in my room at my house." The Cruel Prince "Suppose the thief didn't steal outright," I said. کاملا

outright

outskirts of city Some people like to live downtown. Others prefer the open spaces of the suburbs. But if you live in between the two, you are in the outskirts, the place where the city ends and the suburbs begin. Outskirts describes the outer edge of a city or town, farthest from the center but still technically part of that place. If you had a city map, you could draw a line on all sides where crowded streets filled with apartment building and businesses begin to give way to single-family houses and country roads. You might not get a perfect circle but you will see that outskirts are those border places between the city and the little towns that surround it. Definitions of outskirts noun outlying areas (as of a city or town) "they lived on the outskirts of Houston" "they mingled in the outskirts of the crowd" see less type of: section a distinct region or subdivision of a territorial or political area or community or group of people Usage Examples On the outskirts of the city the traffic became denser. Long Walk to Freedom I created a map that covered Brandywine and the Hollows outskirts, and I checked the addresses of the Civic owners with Google Earth Street View, one by one. Burning Blue My first job was picking apples, which was somewhat more useful than hanging around on the outskirts of the Piper Appreciation Society. How I Live Now On the outskirts of Pearl lay a wilderness. اطراف شهر

outskirts of city

poised If you're poised you're self-possessed and in full control of your faculties. You're balanced, grounded, and ready for action. A poised person exhibits composure and self-assuredness, which comes in handy, for instance, during a job interview, giving a public talk or debate, or playing sports. Watching the Olympics, you may wonder how gymnasts remain so poised when competing on the balance beam, considered the sport's most mentally and physically challenging event. Poised also means ready or on the verge: You can be poised for a leadership position, poised for battle, or poised to become music's next pop star. Definitions of poised adjective marked by balance or equilibrium and readiness for action "a gull in poised flight" "George's poised hammer" Synonyms: balanced being in a state of proper equilibrium adjective in full control of your faculties "perfectly poised and sure of himself" synonyms: collected, equanimous, self-collected, self-contained, self-possessed composed serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress Usage Examples One by one, Miss New Jersey greets the rest of the contestants, so gracious, poised, and well spoken. Like Vanessa I was a successful mortgage broker, married, seemingly poised at the sweet prime of my life. Native Speaker The J-3 was sitting at the beginning of the runway and was polished, painted, and poised to fly. Dead End in Norvelt She found to her agony, that the doctor was still there, poised needle and all. word family poise poised آماده

poised

. overcome Use the verb overcome when you talk about someone who has triumphed over adversity. It's great to see a friend who's always struggled in school overcome his learning disabilities and make the honor roll. You can also be overcome with emotions, or overwhelmed by your feelings. Many people feel so overcome with sadness at a movie — or happiness at a wedding — that they regret not bringing a pile of tissues with them. The verb overcome also means to win or surpass. If you are going to win the marathon, you are going to have to overcome the five runners still ahead of you. verb win a victory over "You must overcome all difficulties" "He overcame his shyness" "He overcame his infirmity" synonyms: defeat, get the better of see more verb get on top of; deal with successfully "He overcame his shyness" synonyms: conquer, get over, master, subdue, surmount see more verb overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli synonyms: overpower, overtake, overwhelm, sweep over, whelm see more verb overcome, usually through no fault or weakness of the person that is overcome synonyms: get the best, have the best see less type of: beat, beat out, crush, shell, trounce, vanquish come out better in a competition, race, or conflict. overcome means to: layer desire master evidence Usage Examples: Reading over the lists, I found myself trying to imagine the support groups for those struggling to overcome their fears of rust or teeth, heredity or string. Me Talk Pretty One Day When sleep finally overcomes me, the morning light creeps through my narrow window and forces my weary eyes open again. Ophelia But as for many other institutions in the eighties, greed overcame history. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream They were in the orchard now, in the dense interweaving of orange trees, and Richard felt a strangeness overcome him. غلبه کردن

overcome

perafrost Permafrost is ground that is frozen permanently. As you can imagine, permafrost is extremely cold. If you know that frost has many cold-related meanings and permanent means "always," then you should be able to figure out what permafrost is: ground that is permanently frozen. You won't be able to plant a garden in permafrost — or do much with it — since it's so hard and cold. You won't find permafrost in warm climates or places that have distinct seasons. Permafrost only exists in areas where it's cold all the time, so the ground never thaws out. Definitions of permafrost noun ground that is permanently frozen see less type of: ground, land, soil material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use) Usage Examples Her words were ordinary but her face was a Siberian permafrost. The London Eye Mystery It was as if the earth itself, the permafrost, were slowly awakening from a long dream of being frozen. The Subtle Knife At last he found what he wanted: a firm rock deep-anchored in the permafrost He backed against it, tensing his legs and choosing his moment. The Golden Compass The Arctic is warming faster than the rest of the world, causing permafrost to degrade "extensively, persistently, and rapidly," according to new research published in the journal "Advances in Climate Change Research." یخ زدگی

perafrost

plummeted The verb plummet means "to drop sharply," like eagles that plummet toward earth, seeking prey, or school attendance that plummets when there is a flu outbreak. To correctly pronounce plummet, say "PLUH-met." This verb describes something that drops sharply or quickly, like a roller coaster that plummets down a hill, temperatures that plummet overnight, or sales of roses and candy that plummet after Valentine's Day. If something plummets, this doesn't mean it will stay down or low forever, just that it has experienced a sharp drop. Definitions of plummet verb drop sharply "The stock market plummeted" synonyms: plump see less type of: drop to fall vertically noun the metal bob of a plumb line synonyms: plumb, plumb bob see less type of: bob a hanging weight, especially a metal ball on a string Usage Examples As Reader's business grew, demand for cells from Tuskegee plummeted. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks The lump in my throat plummets to my stomach. Starfish He manages to seize the edge of an isle before he plummets to the lagoon below. Warcross She tries to grab the slippery railing ledge, but her hand slides right off and she goes plummeting down. سقوط کرد

plummeted

priority When a group or a person cares about one thing over all others, that's the top priority. "After the flood, finding a place to live became their first priority." Priority comes from the word prior, which means to come before something else. A priority is the concern, interest or desire that comes before all others. "His first priority was to establish his career and get married later." "When seeking the perfect wave, Jeff and Wayne made it their priority to be the first surfers on the beach." "The new CEO's top priority was firing her predecessor's hires." Definitions of priority noun status established in order of importance or urgency "national independence takes priority over class struggle" synonyms: precedence, precedency see less types: back burner reduced priority front burner top priority type of: high status a position of superior status noun preceding in time synonyms: antecedence, antecedency, anteriority, precedence, precedency see less Antonyms: posteriority, subsequence, subsequentness following in time type of: earliness quality of coming early or earlier in time Usage Examples Where there are vituperative priority disputes, ways of resolving them must be sought. The Invention of Science Material things are no longer a top priority in my life. The Freedom Writers Diary That was the problem with our people, Papa told us, our priorities were wrong; we cared too much about huge church buildings and mighty statues. Purple Hibiscus "No. But it doesn't matter even if I did. Whatever Mr. Griswold was planning just isn't a priority for us at this point, I'm sad to say. Things were hectic before everything happened, and now..." word family priority الویت priorities prior prioritize الویت بندی کردن

priority

purify To purify something is to remove dirt, chemicals, or anything else that it's contaminated with. You might decide to purify your tap water if it tastes like chlorine. While scientists purify various chemicals during experiments, the substance that people most often purify is water. Water needs to be treated before it's safe to drink, and cities purify the water they send out to people's houses. You can also use the verb purify in a figurative way, to mean "make ritually or religiously clean or pure." This is the word's earliest meaning, from the Latin root purificare, "to make pure." verb remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation "purify the water" synonyms: distill, make pure, sublimate distil, distill undergo the process of distillation see more verb make pure or free from sin or guilt "he left the monastery purified" synonyms: purge, sanctify see more verb become clean or pure or free of guilt and sin "The hippies came to the ashram in order to purify" see less type of: change undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one's or its original nature. purify means to: clean compete startle banish Usage Examples: They help reset our arcana and purify our blood. And don't insult the sangsues." The Belles The holy blood itself is seen as purifying: purging the evil, the weak and the sinful. The Story of Music If genes were, indeed, independent particles of information, then it should be possible to select, purify, and manipulate these particles independently from one another. The Gene "Yes, but what exactly? ... I mean, just now you were ..." "Now I am purified," said the Savage. Word Family purify purified purification خالص کردن

purify

quite Quite means "really," "completely," "rather," "exceptionally," or "actually." That's quite a lot of synonyms for one word! If you're quite sure, you're completely sure. If you're quite the athlete, you are exceptionally (or unusually) athletic. If it's quite cold outside, it's really cold. And if something is quite true, it actually is. Is that quite clear? Definitions of quite adverb to the greatest extent; completely "you're quite right" "she was quite alone" "was quite mistaken" "quite the opposite" "not quite finished" "did not quite make it" adverb actually or truly or to an extreme "was quite a sudden change" "it's quite the thing to do" "quite the rage" "Quite so!" adverb to a degree (not used with a negative) "quite tasty" "quite soon" "quite ill" "quite rich" synonyms: rather adverb of an unusually noticeable or exceptional or remarkable kind (not used with a negative) "her victory was quite something" "she's quite a girl" "quite a film" "quite a walk" "we've had quite an afternoon" synonyms: quite a, quite an Usage Examples Yes,' said Frodo, 'it was Strider that saved us. Yet I was afraid of him at first. Sam never quite trusted him, I think, not at any rate until we met Glorfindel.' The Fellowship of the Ring "He told Sven quite a bit about me, right while I was standing there. It was rather embarrassing." Nine Stories I enjoyed the sun, too, though the air wasn't quite dry enough for my taste. Twilight Not quite understanding it but frightened all the same. تقریبا

quite

quotas A quota is a specific number of things. If a quota is placed on the total number of apples each visitor can pick at an orchard, it means that once you've picked a certain number of apples, you have to stop. Usually a quota places an upper limit on the total number or amount of some item. There are quotas placed on all kinds of things, like immigrants entering a country, goods exported, or students admitted to a particular school. Quota comes from the Latin phrase quota pars, or "how large a part". Definitions of quota noun a prescribed number "all the salesmen met their quota for the month" see less type of: number a concept of quantity involving zero and units noun a proportional share assigned to each participant see less type of: allocation, allotment a share set aside for a specific purpose noun a limitation on imports "the quota for Japanese imports was negotiated" see less type of: import barrier, trade barrier any regulation or policy that restricts international trade Usage Examples "But we've already reached our quota for the year," Scythe Volta was quick to remind him. Scythe I often wonder if the quota will ever change, and if so, how much. Scythe I say that because, based on current quotas, a person's chance of being gleaned within the next one hundred years is only 1 percent. Scythe "I'm just saying we owe her mom a blood quota, and everyone knows it. It's bad karma if people think we don't pay back." نقل قول

quotas

rare If an event is rare, it doesn't happen often. If an object is rare, there aren't many of its kind. Obviously, finding a rare gem is a rare occasion. Rare comes from the Latin word rarus, meaning "widely spaced," as rare things are — whether in actual space or in time. You thought it was rare to meet someone you have so much in common with, until he fainted looking at the rare steak you ordered. The rare that describes prepared meat actually has a separate origin: it comes from the long-gone word rear, meaning "half-cooked." Usage Examples The predictable pattern of life made the rare moments of surprise especially memorable. The Boy on the Wooden Box "She crosses every social boundary in the building, and that is very rare," he says. Drama High "Accompany me to the crow's nest," he says in one of his rare social moments. Challenger Deep Lancelot was in one of his rare passions, possibly on account of the sufferings of his horse. word family rare rarely نادر

rare

ravine In a Western, outlaws will lie in wait at the top of a ravine, or narrow valley, until they see a traveler entering at the bottom. Then, the outlaws will come pounding down the ravine's steep sides. Ravines can be lonely and violent places averse to settlement as nothing can be built along their steep sides. The word ravine itself derives from the archaic rapin, which is a violent seizure of property. During times of heavy rains and snow melt, a ravine may be filled with violent, rushing water. Definitions of ravine noun a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water) see less examples: Cataract Canyon a tributary of the Grand Canyon Grand Canyon the enormous gorge of the Colorado River in northern Arizona Olduvai Gorge a gorge in northeastern Tanzania where anthropologists have found some of the earliest human remains types: canon, canyon a ravine formed by a river in an area with little rainfall gorge a deep ravine (usually with a river running through it) flume, gulch a narrow gorge with a stream running through it type of: vale, valley a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river Usage Examples The roads were insanely narrow, winding through forests and up the sides of hills and around the edges of steep ravines. The Titan's Curse At dawn I went back to the ravine. Island of the Blue Dolphins She leaps with ease across small ravines and cuts in the hills. Without Refuge Then I walked back to the rutted track that ran along the snow-filled ravine. دره

ravine

rehabilitation Rehabilitation is the act of restoring something to its original state, like the rehabilitation of the forest that had once been cleared for use as an amusement park. The noun rehabilitation comes from the Latin prefix re-, meaning "again" and habitare, meaning "make fit." When something falls in to disrepair and needs to be restored to a better condition, it needs rehabilitation. People seek rehabilitation after an accident or surgery to restore their strength, or to learn to live without drugs or other addictive substances or behaviors Definitions of rehabilitation noun the treatment of physical disabilities by massage and electrotherapy and exercises see less type of: physiatrics, physical therapy, physiotherapy therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and other modalities noun the restoration of someone to a useful place in society see less types: correctional rehabilitation providing penal custody or probation or parole for convicted offenders physical rehabilitation, physical restoration, therapeutic rehabilitation providing help for disabled persons; the removal or reduction of disabilities vocational rehabilitation providing training in a specific trade with the aim of gaining employment type of: restoration the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state noun vindication of a person's character and the re-establishment of that person's reputation see less type of: exoneration, vindication the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc. noun the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation synonyms: reclamation, renewal see less types: re-afforestation, reforestation the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting urban renewal the clearing and rebuilding and redevelopment of urban slums type of: restoration the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state Usage Examples The confinement, as Moni told me, was partially voluntary: he was not seeking mental rehabilitation as much as a physical sanctuary. The Gene Molly's dream of a quiet summer evaporated, for the house was desperately in need of rehabilitation—"an old wreck, one of the oldest around, and built without benefit of architect" she recollected. Big Science The hospital employed top-notch military surgeons and offered excellent rehabilitation services, geared to handle the most devastating of battlefield injuries. Becoming If his conduct was good and he was participating in the educational and rehabilitation programs offered there, he would return to court for a second evaluation in another three months, just before his eighteenth birthday. توانبخشی

rehabilitation

represent To replenish something is to refill it. If you have a pet pooch, you're probably obligated to replenish his food bowl to avoid being barked at incessantly. Use replenish when talking about something valuable or desirable, such as money or food. For example, you might discuss replenishing your bank account, but you wouldn't speak of replenishing a trash can. You can also use replenish in a joking way to show that something is of value to you; by noting that the jar of jellybeans on your desk needs to be replenished, you indicate that you require jellybeans to survive your day at the office. We get that. Definitions of replenish verb fill something that had previously been emptied synonyms: fill again, refill see less type of: fill, fill up, make full make full, also in a metaphorical sense Usage Examples he IV bag contained a solution of lactose; such a procedure was a common method of replenishing depleted body fluids. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream His stomach full, his energy replenished, his mind thankful for a few moments of silence, he decided that from then on he'd quit whining and deal with things. The Maze Runner He lunged at her, demanded her cash to replenish his stash of powdered death. Bronx Masquerade Or perhaps blowoff is happening, but the gases lost to space are being replenished by others released from the satellite's interior. word family replenish replenished دوباره پر کردن

represent

represent Use the word represent when something stands in for something else — whether it's your congressman representing your interests in Washington or the thimble that represents you as it makes its way around the Monopoly board. We live in a democracy in which we elect a few people to represent the wishes and desires of the rest of us. Their job is literally to "re-present" the voters' demands in Congress. That's why we call them our "representatives." In the world of art, however, to represent something can mean to express its essence by means of something different. For example a ball of string can represent, or symbolize, a cat Usage Examples Francis' grumbles did not disturb me, however, because further refining of our latest backbone without a solution to the bases would not represent a real step forward. Double Helix So Debussy's hanging chords, with the dampers kept away from the strings, represented a kind of return to nature, a move away from the more artificial sound of block chords. The Story of Music Latour rightly thinks that books represent a special class of objects. The Invention of Science She went on to explain how on this thirtieth anniversary of the school it was important to remember Posada the man as someone who proudly represented Mexican people and culture through his art. ارائه میدهند

represent

represent Use the word represent when something stands in for something else — whether it's your congressman representing your interests in Washington or the thimble that represents you as it makes its way around the Monopoly board. We live in a democracy in which we elect a few people to represent the wishes and desires of the rest of us. Their job is literally to "re-present" the voters' demands in Congress. That's why we call them our "representatives." In the world of art, however, to represent something can mean to express its essence by means of something different. For example a ball of string can represent, or symbolize, a cat. Usage Examples I once represented a mentally ill man on Alabama's death row named George Daniel. Just Mercy There's another circle representing the waterline and a slightly larger one indicating the edge of the jungle. Catching Fire In a relentless cross-examination by Maisels, Murray admitted that the charter was in fact a humanitarian document that might well represent the natural reaction and aspirations of nonwhites to the harsh conditions in South Africa. Long Walk to Freedom The sea of faces represented no special personality to me. نشان دادن

represent

residential area noun a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences synonyms: community, residential district see less examples: show 6 examples... types: show 11 types... type of: district, dominion, territorial dominion, territory a region marked off for administrative or other purposes Usage Examples: Interspersed in these residential areas were a variety of businesses — paint factories, lumberyards, distilleries, gasworks, mills, furniture manufacturers, warehouses, and coal distributors. The Great Fire I claimed a small, empty wasi on the outskirts of the residential area and placed my pack and blankets within. The Ugly One The huts were generally grouped together in a residential area that was some distance away from the maize fields. Long Walk to Freedom There was a large residential area filled with the people's thatched homes. منطقه مسکونی

residential area

resistance If you've ever seen a dog on a leash suddenly refuse to walk any farther, you know how much resistance one little pet can put up. Resistance means "refusal to comply with or accept something." An individual person can put up resistance against something she disagrees with or doesn't want to participate in. On a larger scale, groups of people and even whole countries can display resistance, like when the British put up resistance against Napoleon. Another meaning of resistance is "the ability not to be affected by," like a resistance to getting colds, which you can imagine as your immune system putting up a fierce resistance against invading germs. Usage Examples There is no question that the historic civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s owed its existence to the summer of 1919, when organized black resistance to white abuse first became a reality. 1919 The Year That Changed America The breathlessness of the air was growing as they climbed; and now they seemed often in the blind dark to sense some resistance thicker than the foul air. The Two Towers The most aggressive rams, those that showed the greatest resistance to human control, were slaughtered first. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Despite this failure in actual practice, encouraging laboratory experiments led entomologists to believe lice were unlikely to develop resistance. مقاومت کردن

resistance

responded Invited to a great party? You might respond by shouting "Hooray!" and then letting your friend know you'll be there. To respond is to react or reply. Fireman, police, and EMTs are known as first responders. This is because they are the first people to respond to an emergency. If you get into an accident, an EMT might check your reflexes to see how they respond. Definitions of respond verb show a response or a reaction to something synonyms: react see less types: show 29 types... type of: act, move perform an action, or work out or perform (an action) verb react verbally synonyms: answer, reply see less types: show 6 types... type of: say, state, tell express in words verb respond favorably or as hoped "The cancer responded to the aggressive therapy" see less type of: react show a response or a reaction to something Usage Examples I read a set of news clips sent by my staff each morning and knew that Barack would be obliged to absorb and respond to every new development. Becoming But I don't need to worry because the father responds immediately "Well, what about the state of you? When was the last time you washed that jacket?" I Am the Messenger The Plutos still haven't responded to a single text or phone call. They Both Die at the End The small part of my brain that wasn't engulfed in panic heard her, and my arms responded. پاسخ داد

responded

retained Definitions of retained adjective continued in your keeping or use or memory synonyms: maintained preserved kept intact or in a particular condition Usage Examples The originals were retained in a special section of the Great Library called "the ships' collection." Circumference The walls were of a gleaming silvery finish that retained no fingerprints. I, Robot The partner lived, though shot twice, and although the partnership was dissolved they retained admiration for each other. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings The plantings in the gardens still retained their linearity and rectitude of bloom; but a chicken-house was mere ash, and the windows of the mansion were broken. حفظ کردن

retained

rubber Rubber is the material that's used to make things like bouncy balls, rain boots, and car tires. Most rubber comes partly from rubber trees. To make rubber, manufacturers harvest latex from rubber trees by tapping them — the process is similar to collecting sap from maple trees. It's then refined and processed, often with other materials, to make things ranging from conveyer belts in factories to balloons and the gloves doctors wear. When rubber first arrived in Europe in the 1700s, it was made into erasers, and the idea of rubbing out mistakes led to the word rubber being coined. Usage Examples Dogs, lean and dirty, slunk around the houses, and children played innocently in the nude or near nude with discarded rubber tires. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings They were made from fiberglass, metal, and rubber. Ugly He stretches the rubber band taut between his thumb and index finger. Everything, Everything I was playing in a large high school auditorium that echoed with phlegmy coughs and the squeaky rubber knobs of chair legs sliding across freshly waxed wooden floors. لاستیک

rubber

seemingly Something seemingly true appears to be true. Use the adverb seemingly when you want to say "on the face of it" or "apparently." The word seemingly refers to how things look on the surface — how they seem — and it often suggests there's more to the story. A seemingly broken ankle might actually be sprained, and a seemingly rich man might actually be deeply in debt. While your dog is seemingly well-behaved, he may be eating the garbage when you're not home. Seemingly means about the same as apparently, ostensibly, or surely. Definitions of seemingly adverb from appearances alone "the child is seemingly healthy but the doctor is concerned" synonyms: apparently, on the face of it, ostensibly Usage Examples Equally important, though, the sole-factor test ignores the ways in which seemingly race-neutral factors—such as location—operate in a highly discriminatory fashion. The New Jim Crow The virus seemingly crossed the gap, with catastrophic consequences. 1491 Now, four months into his term as sheriff, he faced a seemingly unsolvable murder and intense public pressure. Just Mercy I smiled each day, fighting desperately to maintain my old behavior, to keep my disposition seemingly sunny. seemingly seem seeming seemed seems ظاهرا

seemingly

sentiments Your opinion that most comedies are terrible and that you'd rather watch any other kind of movie could be described as your sentiment, or your attitude, about films. Sentiment means a view or opinion, but it can also mean an emotion. Maybe you prefer tragic movies because you enjoy the sentiment of sadness. This meaning of sentiment is taken to an extreme in yet another version of the word, meaning something like "overdone, exaggerated feelings, especially of sadness or nostalgia." An overly soppy tragedy is a good example of this kind of sentiment; it's the kind of film that might make you cringe instead of cry. Definitions of sentiment noun a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty synonyms: opinion, persuasion, reckoning, thought, view see less types: show 7 types... type of: belief any cognitive content held as true noun tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion see less types: sentimentality extravagant or affected feeling or emotion razbliuto the sentimental feeling you have about someone you once loved but no longer do bathos, mawkishness insincere pathos type of: feeling the experiencing of affective and emotional states Usage Examples I think that opening sentence sums up my sentiments exactly. Catch-22 "I'm sure you would. And I thank you for your generous sentiments." Charlotte's Web He shared the sentiment that his adversary Sherman would later so famously proclaim: that "war is hell." The Best of Enemies It seemed corny then, the kind of sentiment coaches always tried to invoke. word family sentiment احساسات sentiments احساس sentimental احساساتی

sentiments

shareholders A shareholder is someone who holds stock in a company. Shareholders partially own a company and can make more money when it does well. When you share, you're using or enjoying something with others. Similarly, shareholders own shares — also known as stocks — in a company, so the shareholders all own a little piece of the company. Therefore, shareholders want the company to succeed, so their shares will be worth more money. If one shareholder owns more than 50% of the shares, that person can control the company. Otherwise, the shareholders will have to work together to make decisions. Definitions of shareholder noun someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation synonyms: shareowner, stockholder see less types: stockholder of record the stockholder whose name is registered on the books of the corporation as owning the shares at a particular time type of: investor someone who commits capital in order to gain financial returns Usage Examples There's a nuclear bunker under Marks & Spencer that's only open to shareholders. How I Live Now Investors who wanted to devour unwilling targets needed help with their legal strategy, and shareholders needed formal representation. Outliers If a judge were to mandate the dissolution of the company, its factories would remain standing and its workers, accountants, managers and shareholders would continue to live—but Peugeot SA would immediately vanish. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind Netflix executives are doubtless extolling this deal to their shareholders as a brilliant strategic move. سهامداران

shareholders

shrink Shrink is the informal word you can use to talk about a therapist. Talking about your problems with her can hopefully help you shrink them, or make them smaller. The word shrink is related to the Swedish skrynka meaning "to wrinkle." Think about what happens to a lone forgotten fruit at the bottom of your fridge drawer. After a while, it begins to wrinkle or shrink. Clothes washed in hot water tend to shrink, so be wary of the setting on your washing machine. The use of shrink as referring to therapists started as late as the 1960s — with the idea of a psychologist being a "head-shrinker." Definitions of shrink verb wither, as with a loss of moisture synonyms: shrivel, shrivel up, wither see less types: show 4 types... type of: decrease, diminish, fall, lessen decrease in size, extent, or range verb decrease in size, range, or extent "His earnings shrank" synonyms: shrivel see less type of: decrease, diminish, fall, lessen decrease in size, extent, or range verb reduce in size; reduce physically "Hot water will shrink the sweater" "Can you shrink this image?" synonyms: reduce see less types: show 7 types... type of: decrease, lessen, minify make smaller verb become smaller or draw together "The fabric shrank" "The balloon shrank" synonyms: contract see less Antonyms: stretch become longer by being stretched and pulled show more antonyms... types: flex contract type of: decrease, diminish, fall, lessen decrease in size, extent, or range verb draw back, as with fear or pain synonyms: cringe, flinch, funk, quail, recoil, squinch, wince see less types: retract, shrink back pull away from a source of disgust or fear type of: move move so as to change position, perform a nontranslational motion noun a physician who specializes in psychiatry synonyms: head-shrinker, psychiatrist see less examples: show 9 examples... types: alienist a psychiatrist and specialist in the legal aspects of mental illness analyst, psychoanalyst a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis type of: medical specialist, specialist practices one branch of medicine Usage Examples Mr. Jones's body appeared to shrink a few inches. The Vanderbeekers of 141st Street The noise was loud and violent and so near, she shrank down the steps. The Underground Railroad: A Novel There was one special fellow's music that made her heart shrink up every time she heard it. The Heart is a Lonely Hunter As the note progressed, his handwriting shrank, until it seemed like something extruded rather than written. کوچک شدن

shrink

sign A sign is a clue something happened, or a display that communicates a message, like a stop sign that tells you stop. To sign also means to write your signature. The word sign has many senses, but in a general, it usually has something to say. It may be a symptom that tells about a problem, or it may just be a symbol, like the plus and minus signs in math. Sign language uses hand signals to represent words and letters. And if thunder rumbles whenever you open that book, you may take it as a sign not to read it. Usage Examples He spread his handkerchief over her face and made the sign of the cross over her body. Middlesex: A Novel There was still no sign of any enemy. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two While we look in horror at a badly punctuated sign, the world carries on around us, blind to our plight. Eats, Shoots & Leaves That was a good sign, because it meant the yeasts were already at work and growing. نشانه

sign

slummber Slumber means "sleep" — as a verb or noun. If you're a sound sleeper, you might slumber peacefully right through a thunderstorm, your slumber undisturbed. To slumber is to sleep, sometimes specifically to sleep lightly or doze. You can slumber in your bed, in your airplane seat, or through your alarm in the morning. Slumber can also describe a peacefulness, like your quiet street that seems to slumber early in the morning. The phrase slumber party was first used in the 1940s to mean a gathering held at night, that usually involves very little slumbering. Definitions of slumber verb be asleep synonyms: catch some Z's, kip, log Z's, sleep see less Antonyms: wake be awake, be alert, be there types: show 6 types... type of: rest be at rest noun a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended "calm as a child in dreamless slumber" synonyms: sleep see less types: show 4 types... type of: physical condition, physiological condition, physiological state the condition or state of the body or bodily functions noun a dormant or quiescent state see less type of: dormancy, quiescence, quiescency a state of quiet (but possibly temporary) inaction چرت

slummber

state benefits Definitions of death benefit noun insurance or pension money payable to a beneficiary of a deceased see less types: advance death benefit a percentage of death benefits paid directly to policy holders having a short life expectancy (usually 6 months) viatical settlement cash derived from sale of an insurance policy by a terminally ill policy holder type of: benefit financial assistance in time of need Usage Examples Premiums were only a few pennies each week, with death benefits furnishing little more than a coffin and a burial. The Best of Enemies When shooting resumed, it instead caught bitter debates among commercial tour operators, government officials and angry Sherpas who found their risks too high, and their compensation and death benefits much too low. New York TimesSep 6, 2015 He heard about Mr. Lewis, who was bored "to tears" in the civil service's death benefits section. New York TimesDec 3, 2010 Life insurance policies outline when death benefits are paid and the payments are made regardless of the cause of death, said Jan Graeber, a senior health actuary at ACLI. سودهای ملکی

state benefits

sufficient If you have a sufficient amount of something, it's enough — not too much, not too little, just right. Goldilocks would be pleased. Sufficient comes from a Latin verb meaning "to meet the need." If something is sufficient it has met, or satisfied, a need. Enough is often used as a synonym for sufficient, and when something is not sufficient, it is too little to take care of what's needed. Sufficient can, however, also suggest just enough and not an abundance, as in "the money was sufficient for groceries, but we needed more to fill the gas tank." adjective of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant "sufficient food" Synonyms: ample more than enough in size or scope or capacity adequate, decent, enough sufficient for the purpose comfortable sufficient to provide comfort see less Antonyms: deficient, insufficient of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement show more antonyms... The opposite of sufficient is: vast surface established inadequate Usage Examples: "I ventured to think," stammered Bernard, "that your fordship might find the matter of sufficient scientific interest ..." "Yes, I do find it of sufficient scientific interest," said the deep voice. Brave New World When particulate matter in the atmosphere was sufficient, light from the ground got trapped and reflected back, and the entire Detroit sky would become the soft pink of cotton candy. Middlesex: A Novel But what differed was that talk was no longer sufficient, and the idea of taking action went from a wish to a reality. Catching Fire One more heart shall join our cause, and that will he sufficient. Word Family sufficient sufficiently کافی

sufficient

sustainable If something is sustainable, then it can be maintained or continued. A 5-minute mile pace probably isn't sustainable for anyone other than Olympic marathon runners. These days this adjective is often used to describe something that has a low long-term effect on the environment, like "sustainable agriculture" — a method of farming that doesn't ravage the land, deplete resources permanently, or produce a great deal of pollution. Break down the word into two parts: sustain and able, to visualize and remember that you're able to sustain something sustainable. Definitions of sustainable adjective capable of being sustained see less Antonyms: unsustainable not capable of being sustained adjective using methods that do not cause long-term harm to the environment see less Antonyms: unsustainable using methods that cause harm to the environment Usage Examples The original organic food movement thought organic farming should be sustainable. The Omnivore's Dilemma He tells me about the sustainable farms that are beginning to pop up in parts of the countryside. Marcus Vega Doesn't Speak Spanish Having seized the lead, Cal dropped its rate down a bit, to a more sustainable thirty-two, and Grover Clark began blowing his whistle in time with the stroke count. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics There was never a question that Cherry Hill wasn't built as a sustainable community for its families. sustainable پایدار که به محیط زیست اسیب نمیزنه sustain حفظ کردن sustained پایدار sustainability پایداری

sustainable

terrain An ATV, or all-terrain vehicle, is useful for people who drive on lots of different terrain, hence the name. Terrain is a noun used to talk about the ground, when you're specifically interested in how it appears or is shaped. In times of war, you'll often hear the term "hostile terrain" used to describe a region with lots of mountains, vast stretches of desert, or impenetrable jungles. These are all areas of difficult terrain that are hard to pass. Much of humankind's history can be traced by its effort to alter the terrain. We've made mountains into meadows, rivers into lakes, and prairies into roads, all to make the terrain more livable for us. You could even go so far as to say that a person's psyche is mysterious terrain. Definitions of terrain noun a piece of ground having specific characteristics or military potential "they decided to attack across the rocky terrain" see less type of: parcel, parcel of land, piece of ground, piece of land, tract an extended area of land Usage Examples Ever since we left the Spackle campsite, the terrain's been getting more and more rugged. The Knife of Never Letting Go The unconscious mind is open terrain—no walls or barriers, for better or worse. Strange the Dreamer I accumulated detailed maps and systematically analyzed the terrain of different regions of the country. Long Walk to Freedom After about an hour in the air, dawn lightened the terrain below. زمین

terrain

territory A venture is a risky undertaking. If your latest venture is a dog food store, you hope there are some hungry dogs around. Also, to venture is to go somewhere possibly dangerous, like if you venture out into a snowstorm. Venture is a shortened form of adventure. This happened sometime between 1100 CE and 1400 CE during the time that Middle English was spoken. While the two words are similar in meaning, when you subtract the ad, you lose a teaspoon or two of fun, and add a heaping tablespoon of risk. Definitions of venture noun any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome see less types: show 21 types... type of: labor, project, task, undertaking any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted noun an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits synonyms: speculation see less types: show 4 types... type of: investment, investment funds money that is invested with an expectation of profit noun a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit see less type of: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects verb proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers "We ventured into the world of high-tech and bought a supercomputer" synonyms: embark see less type of: go, move, proceed follow a procedure or take a course verb put forward, of a guess, in spite of possible refutation synonyms: guess, hazard, pretend see less types: show 8 types... type of: speculate talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion verb put at risk synonyms: adventure, hazard, jeopardize, stake see less type of: lay on the line, put on the line, risk expose to a chance of loss or damage Usage Examples With his other hand he ventured beneath her well-starched dress, running his fingers up her child's legs until he found the lace of her batiste petticoats and her woolen drawers with their elastic bands. The House of the Spirits: A Novel Before he left he wanted to fondle his treasures once more, to reassure himself that they were an auspicious start to his new venture. Redwall "Now do you believe all this?" he ventured. The Golden Goblet Her eyes only dared to venture as far as his chest. قلمرو

territory

thaws When things thaw, they're coming out of deep freeze and warming up. You can thaw a chicken, and a chilly friendship can thaw too. Anything that thaws is warming up after a frigid or chilly period. The weather thaws when spring hits, especially after a bad winter. When you take food out of the freezer, it thaws. When you have an unpleasant relationship with someone, that can thaw too. A warm, friendly gesture from one person to another can be a sign that their cold relationship is thawing. When you think of thawing, think "Warming up." Definitions of thaw verb become or cause to become soft or liquid "the ice thawed" synonyms: dethaw, dissolve, melt, unfreeze, unthaw see less types: deliquesce melt or become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air de-ice, defrost, deice make or become free of frost or ice type of: flux, liquefy, liquify become liquid or fluid when heated noun the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid "the thawing of a frozen turkey takes several hours" synonyms: melt, melting, thawing see less type of: heating, warming the process of becoming warmer; a rising temperature phase change, phase transition, physical change, state change a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition noun warm weather following a freeze, when snow and ice melt "they welcomed the spring thaw" synonyms: thawing, warming see less type of: atmospheric condition, conditions, weather, weather condition the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation noun a relaxation or slackening of tensions or reserve; becoming less hostile "the thaw between the United States and Russia has led to increased cooperation in world affairs" see less type of: loosening, relaxation, slackening an occurrence of control or strength weakening Usage Examples Turner cupped his hands around his, and they sat silently together for a time, feeling the warmth of the wood——stove and of the coffee thawing their frozen selves. Lizzie Bright and the Buckminster Boy The earth smelled of thaw, and the smell, which is both hopeful and sad, seeped into the room, riding the wetness of the air. The Inquisitor's Tale On Sunday night, after my mother and I ate four thawed hamburgers and one large bowl of Italian macaroni salad, I decided to try for some inspiration, which is something that every artist needs. Okay for Now Slowly her tongue was beginning to thaw; her words were less blurred. ذوب شدن

thaws

through As an adjective, through means finished or done. As an adverb it can mean backward and forward, completely, up to and including, or all the way to the end. The preposition through means in and out of. Through has lots of meanings. If you finished your homework you might shout — gleefully — "I'm through!" Those people who wouldn't be quiet talked through the entire movie. The first half of the alphabet are the letters A through M. If you've memorized the multiplication table, you know the whole thing through. And, of course, you walk through a door. Definitions of through adjective having finished or arrived at completion "after the treatment, the patient is through except for follow-up" "almost through with his studies" synonyms: done, through with finished ended or brought to an end adjective (of a route or journey etc.) continuing without requiring stops or changes "a through street" "a through bus" "through traffic" Synonyms: direct direct in spatial dimensions; proceeding without deviation or interruption; straight and short adverb from beginning to end "read this book through" adverb over the whole distance "this bus goes through to New York" adverb to completion "think this through very carefully!" adverb throughout the entire extent "got soaked through in the rain" "I'm frozen through" "a letter shot through with the writer's personality" "knew him through and through" "boards rotten through and through" synonyms: through and through adverb in diameter "this cylinder measures 15 inches through" Usage Examples At first I saw only the shoes and ankles of these women who were surging in through the door, but when I glanced up a bit higher I knew at once who they were. The Witches There was a small window between the kitchen and tub room to put the hose through. A Place to Belong Those two weeks were mostly uneventful save for the massive forty-man search party that the police department somehow coaxed into hiking through the woods all around Lily and canoeing down the river. Where Things Come Back She was riding on the sharp point of the arrowhead itself; she was flying through the predawn stillness. از طریق

through

tranquillisers Definitions of tranquilliser noun a drug used to reduce stress or tension without reducing mental clarity synonyms: antianxiety agent, ataractic, ataractic agent, ataractic drug, tranquilizer, tranquillizer see less types: show 20 types... type of: psychotropic agent a chemical substance that can influence human consciousness sedative-hypnotic, sedative-hypnotic drug a sedative that depresses activity of the central nervous system and reduces anxiety and induces sleep Usage Examples "I put the other half in a test tube and tests revealed that it contained 10 times the amount of tranquilliser that is usually advised," she said. The GuardianOct 16, 2020 Some bears were killed intentionally, while others died from tranquilliser overdoses during capture operations. The GuardianOct 9, 2020 A tranquilliser dart was fired at the animal. BBCNov 3, 2018 Last summer, a batch of heroin cut with a synthetic painkiller called carfentanil, an elephant tranquilliser, turned up in the city. آرامش بخش

tranquillisers

tremendous Tremendous means extraordinarily large in size, extent, amount, power, or degree. It can also mean really marvelous and fantastic — or really awful and terrible. We often use tremendous if something is super wonderful. If someone comes into your office and tells you you just won a big contract and are getting a huge bonus, you might exclaim, "Tremendous!" Tremendous comes from the Latin for "trembling," and is connected with fear. Something tremendous can be big in a terrifying way, like the tremendous noise of an approaching hurricane, or a tremendous tidal wave about to crash on the shore. Definitions of tremendous adjective extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree "tremendous sweeping plains" "a tremendous fact in human experience" "a plane took off with a tremendous noise" synonyms: enormous big, large above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent adjective extreme in degree or extent or amount or impact synonyms: awful, frightful, terrible extraordinary beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable adjective extraordinarily good or great ; used especially as intensifiers "a tremendous achievement" synonyms: fantastic, grand, howling, marvellous, marvelous, rattling, terrific, wonderful, wondrous extraordinary beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable Usage Examples It's really a tremendous success story—for corn, anyway. The Omnivore's Dilemma It was always a tremendous occasion if Julian accepted an invitation to dinner in the country. The Secret History "Well, for whatever reason," said Francis, "he's done us a tremendous favor." The Secret History The revolutionary words leaped from the printed page and struck me with tremendous force. عظیم

tremendous

twofold Definitions of twofold adverb by a factor of two "the price increased twofold last year" synonyms: two times adjective twice as great or many "a twofold increase" synonyms: double, doubled, two-fold multiple having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual adjective having more than one decidedly dissimilar aspects or qualities "the office of a clergyman is twofold" synonyms: double, dual, three-fold, threefold, treble, two-fold multiple having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual Usage Examples: The twofold challenge he faces is the traditional assassin's plight: find the most efficient path into the state box and then find the perfect escape route from the theater. Lincoln's Last Days: The Shocking Assassination that Changed America Forever "These girls are a bargain at double the price. With your permission, might we increase our offer twofold?" Chains "The main applications I get from it are twofold. One is friendship, and the second one is loyalty. "We've got a big challenge ahead of us tomorrow night. Friday Night Lights: A Town, A Team, And A Dream But her goal was a larger one: to write a novel that "felt effortlessly and organically Chinese American," she says, and to show that resilience — a word often used in reference to immigrants — is twofold. دوبرابر

twofold

ultimate نهایی

ultimate

undermine Definitions of undermine verb destroy property or hinder normal operations synonyms: counteract, countermine, sabotage, subvert, weaken see less types: derail cause to run off the tracks type of: disobey refuse to go along with; refuse to follow; be disobedient verb hollow out as if making a cave or opening synonyms: cave see less types: sap excavate the earth beneath type of: core out, hollow, hollow out remove the interior of Usage Examples Thus, in simple terms, Bentley was right: the new science did undermine belief in magic and witchcraft, just as it undermined belief in astrology and alchemy. The Invention of Science Crumbling edges of concrete and brick undermined by sinkholes. Ship Breaker Successful experimentation builds confidence in the experimental method; failure undermines it. The Invention of Science Broad smiles and hollow laughter were undermined by trembling legs and shaking hands. تضعیف کردن

undermine

unexpected Use the adjective unexpected to describe something that takes you by surprise. An unexpected knock on your front door might make you jump. When you don't anticipate something, and have no clue that it's coming, you can call it unexpected. A successful surprise party is always unexpected, and an unexpected visitor can be exciting or inconvenient, depending on who it is. If you expect an event, you know it's going to occur, but if it's unexpected, it seems to come from nowhere. The Latin root is expectare, "await, look out for, desire, or hope." adjective not expected or anticipated "unexpected guests" "unexpected news" Synonyms: unannounced, unheralded, unpredicted without warning or announcement out of the blue, unanticipated, unforeseen, unlooked-for not anticipated unhoped, unhoped-for, unthought, unthought-of so unexpected as to have not been imagined unprovided for not prepared or ready for upset used of an unexpected defeat of a team favored to win surprising causing surprise or wonder or amazement see less Antonyms: expected considered likely or probable to happen or arrive unexpected means : unflattering unforeseen unintelligible unrepentant Usage Examples: He was trying to create a base, pushing back against Luke with an unexpected determination. We'll Fly Away There are few moments in all music as dramatic, as unexpected and as moving. The Story of Music His comment is offhand and so unexpected that it takes a moment to sink in. An Ember in the Ashes Sitting down on one of the bleacher seats, Archie found a sudden and unexpected peace in the deserted gymnasium. Word Family: unexpected unexpectedly expected غیر منتظره

unexpected

unlike adjective not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred "legislation on the question is highly unlikely" synonyms: improbable supposed mistakenly believed see more adjective has little chance of being the case or coming about "an unlikely story" "an unlikely candidate for reelection" "a butcher is unlikely to preach vegetarianism" Synonyms: farfetched, implausible highly imaginative but unlikely last most unlikely or unsuitable outside, remote very unlikely see more adjective having a probability too low to inspire belief synonyms: improbable, unbelievable, unconvincing implausible having a quality that provokes disbelief Usage Examples: At the police station, he is strip-searched, and an unlikely collection of items, including cash, a compass, a pocket- knife, and a newspaper clipping of Lincoln's second inaugural address, are found in his pockets. Lincoln's Last Days: The Shocking Assassination that Changed America Forever It was unlikely I would ever see these things again; I was certain they were doomed to languish in storage in some dark police facility. Confessions of a Murder Suspect Bolles was working on his master's degree in history, and it seemed unlikely that he would want to leave the university until he finished it. The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics The lonesome hulk was unlikely to fulfill its purpose anytime soon. Word Family: unlikely likely like برخلاف

unlike

venture A venture is a risky undertaking. If your latest venture is a dog food store, you hope there are some hungry dogs around. Also, to venture is to go somewhere possibly dangerous, like if you venture out into a snowstorm. Venture is a shortened form of adventure. This happened sometime between 1100 CE and 1400 CE during the time that Middle English was spoken. While the two words are similar in meaning, when you subtract the ad, you lose a teaspoon or two of fun, and add a heaping tablespoon of risk. Definitions of venture noun any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome see less types: show 21 types... type of: labor, project, task, undertaking any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted noun an investment that is very risky but could yield great profits synonyms: speculation see less types: show 4 types... type of: investment, investment funds money that is invested with an expectation of profit noun a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit see less type of: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects verb proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers "We ventured into the world of high-tech and bought a supercomputer" synonyms: embark see less type of: go, move, proceed follow a procedure or take a course verb put forward, of a guess, in spite of possible refutation synonyms: guess, hazard, pretend see less types: show 8 types... type of: speculate talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion verb put at risk synonyms: adventure, hazard, jeopardize, stake see less type of: lay on the line, put on the line, risk expose to a chance of loss or damage Usage Examples: I remember the time when I was little and ventured alone to the market in Otavalo to buy boots with my saved-up snack money. The Queen of Water I'm too afraid to venture into that darkness. The Girl on the Train Throughout the modern, thinking world, but especially in Britain, men of learning ventured into the countryside to do a little "stone-breaking," as they called it. A Short History of Nearly Everything "I ventured to think," stammered Bernard, "that your fordship might find the matter of sufficient scientific interest ..." "Yes, I do find it of sufficient scientific interest," said the deep voice. Word Family venture ventured ریسک

venture

victims Use the word victim to describe someone who has been wronged or harmed, like the victim of the armed robbery or the stores that went out of business, victims of the slow economy. The noun victim refers to a person who has been harmed by a crime, accident, or other adverse circumstances, such as a victim of a tsunami or a victim of domestic violence. It can also refer to someone has been tricked or swindled, like when you paid $2 for a candy bar that should only have cost a dollar — you were the victim of someone's scheme to pocket half the money from the candy bar sale. Definitions of victim noun an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance see less examples: show 6 examples... types: show 14 types... type of: unfortunate, unfortunate person a person who suffers misfortune noun a person who is tricked or swindled synonyms: dupe see less types: show 5 types... type of: individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul a human being Usage Examples In Alabama, even though 65 percent of all homicide victims were black, nearly 80 percent of the people on death row were there for crimes against victims who were white. Just Mercy That's when Rowan realized that the blood on Volta's hands was not from his victims. Scythe It was menacing, being desirous for victims—for it was the huge, remorseless sea. The Once and Future King Stories of cannibalism among castaways were so common that British sailors considered the practice of choosing and sacrificing a victim to be an established "custom of the sea." قربانی

victims

villain A villain is a bad person — real or made up. In books, movies, current events, or history, the villain is the character who does mean, evil things on purpose. Today a villain is a wicked person, whether in fact or fiction. In the 1300s, villain described a low-born rustic. It came from the Medieval Latin word villanus, or farmhand. Just why a word would evolve from meaning farmer into evildoer is a little mysterious, although it probably has to do with farmers not being chivalrous, like the knights who were so admired in those days. Definitions of villain noun a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately synonyms: scoundrel see less types: show 5 types... type of: persona non grata, unwelcome person a person who for some reason is not wanted or welcome noun the principal bad character in a film or work of fiction synonyms: baddie see less type of: character, part, persona, role, theatrical role an actor's portrayal of someone in a play Usage Examples The PSF was an enormous man, the kind you'd expect to play an evil giant in a movie, or a villain in a cartoon. The Darkest Minds "This," he said, passing it to her, "is the villain that broke my nose." Strange the Dreamer A photograph from his late middle years shows him as gaunt and sinister, like the villain in a Victorian melodrama, with long, lank hair and bulging eyes-a face to frighten babies. A Short History of Nearly Everything If there were such a goddess in a book of olden tales, she would be the villain, tormenting the innocent from her high castle. شرور

villain

viral infections Definitions of viral infection noun infection by a virus that is pathogenic to humans synonyms: virus infection see less types: show 10 types... type of: infection the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms Usage Examples It occurs to me how awful that nickname is: Calling your needy little sister something that's one letter off from a viral infection that causes acute inflammation of the brain? Odd One Out The report says they are still being given to patients with coughs, earaches and sore throats, which may be viral infections not susceptible to antibiotics and will get better by themselves anyway. The GuardianOct 23, 2018 Brandon Flowers, lead singer of the American rock band, suffered vocal problems following a viral infection and was unable to finish their set on Tuesday. Seattle TimesNov 15, 2012 Mr. McCartney, 72, was hospitalized in May in Tokyo with a viral infection, prompting him to cancel parts of his "Out There" tour in Japan and South Korea and to reschedule United States dates. عفونت های ویروسی

viral infections

vital A patient's vital signs are their important body functions, such as pulse rate, that shows they are still alive. Use the adjective vital to describe something that is important and necessary, or a person full of energy. Vital descends from Middle English, from Old French, from Latin vītālis, from vīta, "life." If you are vital to the organization you work for, it means they cannot live without you — or at least that you're an important part of the team. If you're a vital force in your church volunteer group, you probably are a leader with lots of energy to give. Definitions of vital adjective performing an essential function in the living body "vital organs" "blood and other vital fluids" "the loss of vital heat in shock" "a vital spot" synonyms: life-sustaining essential basic and fundamental adjective manifesting or characteristic of life "a vital, living organism" "vital signs" Synonyms: alive, live possessing life adjective full of spirit "a vital and charismatic leader" synonyms: full of life, lively alive, animated having life or vigor or spirit adjective urgently needed; absolutely necessary "vital for a healthy society" "of vital interest" synonyms: critical indispensable not to be dispensed with; essential Usage Examples Matt knew there was vital information he was missing. The House of the Scorpion At the time we hardly suspected how absolutely vital the external wing would become. Long Walk to Freedom All these little simple, foolish, but tremendously strong, vital, passionate urges and desires no longer seemed trivial to Siddhartha. Siddhartha His eyes were vital, and straining to jump from the imprisoning sockets. حیاتی

vital

vulnerable Use the adjective vulnerable to describe something or someone open to being physically or emotionally wounded, like a newborn chick or an overly sensitive teenager. Vulnerable is from Latin and is based on vulnus, "wound." From its literal meaning, it has come to be more often used for someone who is easily hurt or likely to succumb to temptation. It's best used for a person whose feelings are so delicate that they can't withstand any criticism or pressure: "Don't speak harshly to her, she's very vulnerable today." Definitions of vulnerable adjective capable of being wounded or hurt "vulnerable parts of the body" Synonyms: weak wanting in physical strength adjective susceptible to attack "a vulnerable bridge" Synonyms: conquerable subject to being conquered or overcome unprotected lacking protection or defense dangerous, unsafe involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm insecure, unsafe lacking in security or safety susceptible (often followed by `of' or `to') yielding readily to or capable of assailable, open, undefendable, undefended not defended or capable of being defended compromising vulnerable to danger especially of discredit or suspicion defenceless, defenseless lacking protection or support endangered (of flora or fauna) in imminent danger of extinction indefensible not able to be protected against attack insecure, unsafe not safe from attack penetrable capable of being penetrated threatened (of flora or fauna) likely in the near future to become endangered under attack, under fire subjected to enemy attack or censure unguarded lacking protection or a guard see more adjective susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation "vulnerable to bribery" "an argument vulnerable to refutation" Synonyms: susceptible (often followed by `of' or `to') yielding readily to or capable of Usage Examples e hung limp and vulnerable in the man's grasp, although he was now frightened enough to nip. Pax But not now, while her face looks so lost and vulnerable. Girl in the Blue Coat Even now as a species, we are almost preposterously vulnerable in the wild. A Short History of Nearly Everything They gather in vulnerable groups and then panic at rumors. آسیب پذیر

vulnerable

well being Well-being is a state of health, happiness, and contentment. Everyone wants to enjoy well-being. When things are going well in a person's life, she feels a sense of well-being. Being healthy, happy, and having friends are all signs of well-being, while if you lose your job or becomes seriously ill, others will be concerned about your well-being. People in dangerous jobs like soldiers or police officers often find their well-being in jeopardy. The word well-being is also a philosophical term, especially important in various kinds of moral philosophy. Definitions of well-being noun a contented state of being happy and healthy and prosperous synonyms: eudaemonia, eudaimonia, upbeat, welfare, wellbeing see less Antonyms: ill-being lack of prosperity or happiness or health types: fool's paradise an illusory state of wellbeing health, wellness a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease type of: prosperity, successfulness the condition of prospering; having good fortune Usage Examples "The kingdom of Orléans is ruled by queens; the crown is passed down through the women of your family. Queens ensure the proper governance of the kingdom and maintenance of its well-being." The Belles My parents generally believed that I was the most well-adjusted and not-likely-to-break-into-SeaWorld person on the planet, since my psychological well-being was proof of their professional talents. Paper Towns For me, marriage was more like a full-on merger, a reconfiguring of two lives into one, with the well-being of a family taking precedence over any one agenda or goal. Becoming Then she blabbered on and on, but all I heard were words like Charlie's well-being and supervision and stable environment. سلامت

well being

wilderness If you don't mow your lawn all summer, don't be surprised if your neighbors complain that it resembles a wilderness, a wild area that is not tended by humans. The wilderness is of course filled with many animals, but did you know that the name of an animal is hidden in the word wilderness? The word actually is a combination of wild plus the Old English word dēor, along with the ending -ness, used in nouns that refer to a certain condition. While dēor eventually turned into our modern word deer, it didn't refer to the antlered Bambi we imagine. It was simply the word for "animal." Definitions of wilderness noun a wild and uninhabited area left in its natural condition "it was a wilderness preserved for the hawks and mountaineers" synonyms: wild see less examples: Never-Never the remote outback of Australia; unpopulated desert country types: show 5 types... type of: geographic area, geographic region, geographical area, geographical region a demarcated area of the Earth noun a bewildering profusion "the duties of citizenship are lost sight of in the wilderness of interests of individuals and groups" "a wilderness of masts in the harbor" see less type of: cornucopia, profuseness, profusion, richness the property of being extremely abundant noun (politics) a state of disfavor "he led the Democratic party back from the wilderness" see less type of: disfavor, disfavour the state of being out of favor Usage Examples The one thing that distracts me at all is the view from the windows as we sail over the city and then to the wilderness beyond. The Hunger Games They also adapted "new" tactics for wilderness warfare to support their overall goal of taking over the homelands of the Indigenous peoples. An Indigenous People's History of the United States In fact, we looked like feral children, raised in the wilderness by wolves. The Old Willis Place It also provided funds—$170 million since 1978—for the purchase of private lands to provide a wilderness buffer alongside it. بیابان

wilderness

within Use the adverb within when you need to say that something is on the inside. If you find that the door to your brother's room is locked from within, that means it's locked from the inside and he really doesn't want you to enter. Within often refers to something on the inside of an object or structure — like those screams coming from within the haunted house. You can also use the word more figuratively to describe something that's in your soul or mind — something that's internal. For example, you might feel a fire within you as you start getting excited about playing in the big game. Definitions of within adverb on the inside synonyms: inside see less Antonyms: outside on the outside Usage Examples It wasn't just the understanding of machinery, it was the dexterity, the talent within his fingers themselves, as if they automatically knew what to do. The Invention of Hugo Cabret "It is far from here. Through the darkest Wood and across the three rivers; beyond the red hills and within the trees of gold." Huntress When our ranks were within fifty yards of the breastwork, the massacre began. The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Volume II: The Kingdom on the Waves Nevertheless, this is not to say I did not gain a fairly clear impression of what was taking place within the room. درون

within

wolf A wolf is a larger, wilder relative of your pet dog. Like your cocker spaniel, a wolf is a canine. Unlike your cocker spaniel, a wolf isn't nice to cuddle with during a thunderstorm. You can find wolves in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America, although there are significantly fewer of them today than there once were. Conservation measures have steadied the wolf population in remote and rural areas since the 1970s, however, so they're no longer considered endangered. Wolves rarely attack humans, unless they're sick with rabies. As a verb, to wolf means to eat very fast — in other words, to eat as voraciously as a wolf. Definitions of wolf noun any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs see less types: show 6 types... type of: canid, canine any of various fissiped mammals with nonretractile claws and typically long muzzles noun a cruelly rapacious person synonyms: beast, brute, savage, wildcat see less type of: aggressor, assailant, assaulter, attacker someone who attacks noun a man who is aggressive in making amorous advances to women synonyms: masher, skirt chaser, woman chaser see less type of: philanderer, womaniser, womanizer a man who likes many women and has short sexual relationships with them verb eat hastily "The teenager wolfed down the pizza" synonyms: wolf down see less type of: eat take in solid food Usage Examples hey continued to circle each other like wolves about to tear each other apart. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows I am a traitor, a wolf among sheep; there is something different about me and that difference is not good. Educated He growled instead of talked, like a wolf. I Will Always Write Back Instantly, in total silence, both dæmons sprang around, becoming wolves: mad light eyes, bare white teeth, menace in every line. word family wolf wolves گرگ

wolf