reading quiz 5
Impact of inaugural speech in the South
Had no impact
Why did Buchanan do little to stop the secession?
He blamed the Republicans for it.
How many deaths were there?
0
How did border state unionists and many northern Democrats feel about Lincoln's speech?
Approved of his attempts at conciliation.
When did Anderson surrender?
April 13
When did Davis' cabinet meet and what did they think?
April 9, they thought that the time had come to take action against Fort Sumter.
What states joined the confederacy in May?
Arkansas and North Carolina
What states called elections for conventions to decide on secession?
Arkansas, Virginia, Missouri, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
What were southerners afraid of?
Being encircled by free states and slavery would be voted out of existence.
What happened April 11?
Beuregaurd demanded Sumter's surrender. Anderson refused.
What did Lincoln do on March 15?
He brought the matter to his Cabinet.
Where was Fort Sumter?
Charleston, South Carolina
When did Congress meet?
December
When did South Carolina vote on secession and how many votes?
December 20, 169 to 0 for secession.
Which four states did not secede?
Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, and Kentucky
T or F: All planters supported secession.
False
T or F: Congress passed the compromise made by the Virginia Peace Convention.
False
T or F: Cooperationists' standpoint was clear.
False
T or F: Lincoln maneuvered the Confederacy into taking the first shots.
False
T or F: Secession took longer than people expected.
False
T or F: The senate committee proposals passed.
False
T or F: The upper south would put their loyalty to the Union before their state.
False
When did the Texas convention vote and what were the votes?
February 1, 166 to 8, referendum to ratify was 44,217 to 13,020 for secession.
When was the Virginia Peace Convention?
February 1861
When and where was the Confederate convention?
February 4 1861, Montgomery Alabama
When did South Carolina call for the Montgomery meeting and why did they have it?
February 4, 1861 to create a new southern government.
When did they set up a committee to draft a permanent constitution?
February 9
What were the two exceptions to the forts the Confederacy had taken over?
Fort Pickens and Fort Sumter
What happened on April 4 1861?
Lincoln told Anderson that a relief expedition would be coming. He sent a letter to SC's governor saying that he intended to re-supply Sumter.
Retention of Sumter was a test of....
Lincoln's credibility when he said that he intended to hold onto the federal property in the South.
Who led the Union troops in Sumter?
Major Robert Anderson
When did Lincoln become president?
March 4 1861
What 4 states did secession make no headway in?
Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky.
What happened over the winter of 1860-61?
The election of delegates for conventions that would decided on secession happened in 6 other lower south states.
Describe the package of compromise proposals made by the Senate Committee:
The main idea was to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific, giving the south hope of slavery expansion. Slavery would be recognized south of 36 degree 30' in all present territories. A constitutional amendment would guarantee that there would be no interference with slavery in those states where it already existed. Congress would not be allowed to abolish slavery in Washington.
How were southerners divided in the idea of secession?
There were immediate secessionists, who believed that Lincoln's victory is enough to succeed. There was also cooperationists, who believed that they should wait for the North to take hostile action against the South.
T or F: Slaveholders dominated politics in the South.
True
T or F: South Carolina calling for a convention caused a chain reaction with other southern states.
True
T or F: Tennessee voted for secession.
True
T or F: The Northerners thought that the South was bluffing about seceding.
True
T or F: Voters had a choice between immediate secession and cooperationism.
True
T or F: the Confederate congressmen did not attend the meeting.
True
Where did Davis go to school?
West Point
Which state seceded from its original state?
West Virginia
Where was secession sentiment the strongest?
Wherever the percentage of slaves was highest.
T or F: Alexander Stephens was an anti-secessionist.
true
How many delegates attended the Virginia Peace Convention?
133
What did Mississipi decide?
16,800 for immediate secession. 12,218 for co-operationist candidates.
When were the first shots of the Civil War?
4:30 AM April 12
How many delegates from the seceded states went to the Confederate convention?
50
How many men did Lincoln ask for?
75,000 men for 90 days, Davis called for 100,000 men
What was the Virginia Peace Convention?
A peace convention met in Washington to see if it could find measures that would bring the seceded states back into the Union. Their proposals were ignored by Congress.
Define Call to Arms
A presidential order calling up troops and putting the USA on a war footing
What happened on April 9 1861?
A small naval expedition left for Charleston.
What were the states that followed South Carolina?
Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, and Florida
Who became Vice President of the confederacy?
Alexander Stephens
What happened hours after his inaugural address?
He learned that the Sumter garrison would run out of food soon.
What did Governor Sam Houston do about the convention?
He opposed secession so he delayed proceedings for a few weeks.
What did Scott tell Lincoln?
He said that the evacuation of Sumter was inevitable and could not be help without a large amount of soldiers.
What did Lincoln do after finding out about Sumter?
He sought the advice of his general-in-chief Winfield Scott.
How was Lincoln depicted to the South?
He was an abolitionist who would encourage slave insurrections.
What did Lincoln say in his inaugural address?
He would not interfere with slavery in existing states, but he would not support the expansion of slavery into new territories. He said he intended to "hold, occupy, and possess" federal property within the seceded states. Main goal- preserve the union, keep the country together
What had Fort Sumter become a symbol of?
It became a symbol of national sovereignty for both sides.
What did the result of the elections prove?
It proved that the Upper South was significantly less secessionist-inclined than the Lower South.
Why was Virginia's decision on secession crucial?
Its industrial capacity was as great as the seven original Confederate states combined.
When did Florida convention vote and what were the votes?
January 10, 62 to 7 for secession, 35% for co-operationism
When did Alabama convention vote and what were the votes?
January 11, 61 to 39 for secession, 35,600 for immediate, 28,100 for co-operationism.
When did the Georgia convention vote and what were the votes?
January 19, 208 to 89 to secede, 44,152 for immediate secession, 41,632 for co-operationists.
When did the Louisiana convention vote and what were the votes?
January 26, 113 to 17, secessionists won 20,014, co-operationists won 18,451.
When did the Mississippi convention vote for secession and what were the votes?
January 9, 1861. 85 to 15 votes for secession.
What did Lincoln do in late March?
Lincoln called another cabinet meeting. The observers said there was no support for the Union in the fort.
4 reasons southern states should not secede from the Union
Lincoln promised he wouldn't interfere with slavery where it existed. Even if he wanted to, his party didn't control Congress or the Supreme court. Secession meant abandoning a fugitive slave act. Secession might lead to civil war, which could threaten slavery.
List 3 things about the delegates at the Confederate convention
Most were lawyers or planters 49 were slave owners and 21 owned at least 20 slaves 60% were former Democrats, 40% were former Whigs
When did South Carolina's state legislature call for election to a special convention to meet on what date?
November 10, 1860 December 17
Where was Fort Pickens?
Pensacola, Florida
What became the new Confederate capital?
Richmond, Virginia
What was the main issue dividing the nation in the 1860's?
Secession.
Who did the convention elect as provisional president?
Senator Jefferson Davis of Mississippi
Define border states.
Slave states between the North and the Confederacy-VA, KT, MY, DW, TN, AK, and MI.
3 reasons as to why the upper South states did not vote immediately for secession:
Smaller stake in slavery than the lower South and less than 1/3 of the population was black. Many non-slaveholders questioned how well their interests would be served in a planter-dominated Confederacy. The upper South had close ties with the North and thus more reason to fear the economic consequences of secession.
How many votes in Virginia were to secede?
State convention voted 88 to 55 for secession delegates, and 128,884 to 32,134 votes to secede.
What did Davis ask for in his inaugural speech?
That the Confederacy be left alone and to create a new nation.
What were the differences between the American Constitution and the Confederate Constitution?
The Confederate Constitution modeled the American one but it protected slavery more and guaranteed state rights.
What did the Northerners claim the planters did in the convention elections?
They said that the planters conned the electorate into voting for secession.
What did the Cabinet and Lincoln do?
They said they favored withdrawal. Lincoln sent observers to Charleston.
How did southerners view themselves?
They saw themselves as innocents in an unequal struggle.
What did South Carolina do for a meeting?
They sent commissioners to other southern states to propose a meeting in Montgomery, Alabama.
What did the Cabinet think about Sumter after northern newspapers demanding it be held?
They supported re-supplying Sumter.
What did border state Americans think would happen?
They thought that a compromise would be arranged and the Union would unite again.
What did Southerners think would happen?
They thought that the North would not fight to preserve the Union.
How did the convention try to win the support of the Upper South?
They tried to project a moderate united image.
What did Stephens think the logical choice was?
To attract co-operationists to the new government
What was Buchanan's main concern?
To not provoke war.
T or F: David Potter believed that a secessionist minority could win mass support.
True
T or F: Individual states committed themselves to individual action equally as joint action.
True
T or F: Lincoln kept a strict silence until his inauguration.
True
T or F: Most Northerners were unwilling to accept the disunion of the United States.
True
Why did they have the Confederate convention?
to launch the Confederate government