Reign of Terror
emigre
someone who leaves one country to settle in another
decree
a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge)
unicameral
composed of one legislative body
draft
engage somebody to enter the army
egalitarian
favoring social equality
Reign of Terror
the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when approximately 40,000 people were executed
Olympe de Gouges
French journalist who demanded equal rights for women
"La Marseillaise"
French national anthem
Jacques Louis David
French neoclassical painter who actively supported the French Revolution (1748-1825)
Committee for Public Safety
Led by Maximilien Robespierre, its chief task was to protect the revolution from its enemies. Under Robespierre's rule, the committee often tried enemies in the morning and killed them in the afternoon.
Thermidorian Reaction
Name given to the reaction against the radicalism of the French Revolution. It is associated with the end of the Reign of Terror and reassertion of bourgeoisie power in the Directory.
National Constituent Assembly
National Assembly was renamed to this when First and Second Estates joined;wished to establish a constitutional monarchy
September Massacres
Paris Commune killed prisoners that they suspected of being counterrevolutionaries
Committee of Public Safety
The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795.
anarchy
a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government)
nationalism
aggressive feelings of pride in and devotion to one's country
royalist
an advocate of the principles of monarchy
sans culottes
in the French Revolution, a radical group made up of Parisian wage-earners, and small shopkeepers who wanted a greater voice in government, lower prices, and an end of food shortages
suspensive veto
king's ability to choose not to approve legislation
Maximilien Robespierre
leader of the Committee of Public Safety and architect of the Reign of Terror
counter-revolutionary
marked by opposition or antipathy to revolution
Girondists
moderates who did not support the execution of Louis XVI
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
passed July 12, 1790 during the French Revolution, subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government
Declaration of Pillnitz
the promise by Austria and Prussia to protect the French monarchy
suffrage
the right to vote
Directory
weak but dictatorial and corrupt group of men who held power from 1795-1799