REL 2121: Test Chptrs 9,10,11

Which of the following Christian doctrines would Islam disregard? A) The doctrine of the Incarnation and the Trinity B) Jesus is a true prophet of God. C) The belief in the virgin birth of Jesus

A

Which of the following means "one who submits"? A) Muslim B) Ali C) Qur'an D) Khadijah

A

Who is the common father of Jews and Arabs? A) Abraham B) Shem C) Ishmael D) Noah

A

What is the difference between Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism?Check the characteristics of Theravada Buddhism. A) The goal is enlightenment, freedom from rebirth B) The Buddha is the ideal human. C) This group stresses the solitary spiritual monk. D) The goal is enlightenment, but nirvana is postponed in compassion for others. E) This group stresses the community. F) The Buddha is considered divine, a savior.

A, B, c

As the New Age has matured, two different types of followers have emerged: social thinkers and individually oriented actors. Put a check mark beside the characteristics of the social thinkers. A) Environmental, transformational, and holistic health agendas B) Concerned with ordinary religion C) Channeling and work with crystals D) Concerned with extraordinary religion E) Ethical religion shaped by theoretical reflection F) Strongly ritualized religion that emphasizes symbolic behavior

A,B,E

Who has been considered an ascended master? Choose the one person or types of person who are not considered to be an ascended master? A) Commanders of UFOs B) Alice Bailey's Djwhal Khul (the Tibetan) C) Guy Ballard's Saint-Germain D) Helen Blavatsky's mahatmas E) Shirley MacLaine

E

This is a process whereby a person takes mental journeys to attempt both to acquire power and to use it.

New age shamanism

"Recitation" - a record of the revelations given to Muhammad.

Qur'an

Since the influx of Asian teachers since 1965, how many Americans now accept the beliefs of karma and reincarnation? A) one-half B) one-sixth C) one-fifth to one-fourth D) one-third

c

A Sanskrit term which refers to energy exchange centers, seven of them major, located the length of the human body.

chakras

Holiness-Pentecostal and fundamentalist believers used to be quite different from each other. Choose the characteristics of the Holiness-Pentecostal believers from the list below. A) Conversion B) a qualified rationalism C) the power of Jesus D) prophetic gifts E) Sanctification F) the work of the spirit G) Strong emotionalism H) Biblical proficiency

d,e,f,g

This means the "Law" or "Teaching."

dharma

the distinctiveness of spirit and matter. This encouraged the Hindus in their fascination with the material world.

dualism

After the Civil War, 300,000 Chinese workers immigrated to the U.S. to work on the railroad and they were welcomed by Americans. T or F?

false

America's doctrine of "manifest destiny" was applauded by Native Americans. T or F?

false

By 1930, there were 375,000 in the Chinese community in the U.S. T or F?

false

Catholics maintained their mass in Latin and refused to deviate from their traditional sacramental service. T or F?

false

Civil religion began with the Civil War under Abraham Lincoln's leadership. T or F?

false

Conservative Christianity has grown enormously over the past few decades with mega churches leading the pack. By far the largest is Joel Osteen's Lakewood Church with 23,500 members in 2008. T or F?

false

Helen Schucman was a devout Christian when she began to hear an inner voice asking her to take notes. T or F?

false

In the early days of colonial life in America, much of the leadership came from the Catholic church. T or F?

false

Muhammad is considered a savior by Muslims. T or F?

false

Russian Christian Orthodoxy came to the U.S. by way of Canada in 1743. T or F?

false

Siddhartha Gautama was born into a poor but devout family. T or F?

false

The Course in Miracles consists of a text, a workbook, and a set of CDs. T or F?

false

The Course in Miracles was popular in the 20th century, but it has begun to decline in the 21st. T or F?

false

The Hindus believe that there is only one way to achieve enlightenment. T or F?

false

The Promise Keepers is a movement for women in which they vow to keep seven promises which are clearly evangelical and which separate them from others. T or F?

false

The four ancient churches called patriarchates are Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Rome. T or F?

false

Theosophists believed strongly in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and rejected ideas of lost continents of Lemuria and Atlantis. T or F?

false

This is the Buddha's most important teaching.

fourth noble truths

a religious teacher in Hinduism

guru

These people believe that disease is self-created and that individuals have the power to heal themselves. They also use natural remedies and healing touch.

holistic healers

Small groups worked toward goals of emotional growth and consciousness expansion.

humanistic psychology

These people considered religious art a form of idolatry and demanded the icons be destroyed.

iconoclasts

These people venerated icons and wanted to preserve them.

iconodules

Means "Submission"

islam

The spiritual struggle to submit to Allah, a struggle that should end in peace.

jihad

This is the way of knowledge. Knowledge means insight and illuminated perception through inner states of mind. The aim is mystical experience.

jnana yoga

This is the way of action, performing faithfully the duty required without regard for the results of the action.

karma yoga

This form of Buddhism showed how ordinary laypeople could achieve nirvana.

mahayana buddism

the philosophy of oneness, one reality; the sense of separation is an illusion.

monism

Islamic place of worship.

mosque

This is the release from suffering and rebirth which brings inner peace.

nirvana

This gives specific instructions on how to end desire and suffering.

noble eightfold path

a branch of psychology which deals with psychic phenomenon such as clairvoyance, extrasensory perception, and telepathy

parapsychology

the worship of many gods

polytheism

New scientific information that the line between matter and energy was fluid

quantum physics

Techniques for meditative and mystical practice.

raja yoga

a Japanese method of palm healing using "universal life-force energy"

reiki

Acceptance of a common tradition from scriptures, through the writings of the fathers, and through the authoritative teaching of the seven ecumenical church councils.

right belief

The seven sacraments, but with the addition of the Divine Liturgy

right worship

This is the name of the community of nuns and monks who followed the Buddha.

sangha

These people feel that a person in the bloodline of the Prophet should be the leader. They await the Mahdi, from the house of Ali, to bring final victory of justice and to deliver the dead to resurrection.

shiite muslims

Islamic mystics who wander and use music and dance to express their ecstasy.

sufis

These people follow the customs of the original Muslim community and honor the early history of Islam with its conquests by leaders called caliphs.

sunni muslims

This movement from England spread to the U.S. and by the early 1970's there was an international network that expected the imminent arrival of a New Age. T of F?

true

Today holiness-pentacostal and fundamentalist believers have seen their differences melt away and now they are united by a characteristic style of preaching, a focus on direct experience, the championship of biblical authority, and attention to personal holiness. T or F?

true

When the Japanese immigrated to the U.S. between 1901 and 1907 in great numbers, the U.S. Government passed 5 laws to prevent their becoming citizens. T or F?

true

People united in community based on their faith.

umma

a time when a new spiritual consciousness would replace old, outworn beliefs

age of aquarius

Means "the God"

allah

the link within each person to Brahman

atman

This means "self-headed," a self-governing church.

autocephalous

This refers to love and devotion for a deity by the use of puja towards a statue of the god.

bhakti yoga

This term describes a seeker who, upon achieving nirvana, postpones it to help others do likewise.

bodhisattva

a vast impersonal power, the fundamental reality of the universe

brahman

Compare the beliefs of the fundamentalists as opposed to the beliefs of the evangelicals, by putting a check mark next to the beliefs of the evangelicals. A) They are making peace with the world and by the 21st century no longer avoid dialogue with Catholics and liberals, as well as with those of other religious traditions. B) They believe that after the rapture, the antichrist will rule the world before the battle of Armageddon, when Christ will defeat Satan and the millennium will begin. C) When higher criticism of the Bible became acceptable, they decided that if all scripture was not inerrant, some parts of it were. When the Bible taught about faith and morality, it made no mistakes. D) This group has become interested in psychological study and social-scientific approaches to religion. E) Premillennial dispensationalism provides a future-oriented way to read scripture. F) They feel that the world is growing steadily worse and that human beings cannot by themselves undo the damage and right the situation. They need divine rescue. G) They have a literal belief in the Bible and a separatist tendency. H) They believe in the growth of the kingdom of God in the physical world. I) They believe in the inerrancy of scripture but interpret it more broadly and find sin in the world but also grace. J) They hold to the keen expectation of the imminent return of Jesus.

A,C,D,H,I

If economically possible, a pilgrimage is made to Mecca.. A) never. B) once in a lifetime. C) once every five years. D) once a year.

B

What are metaphysical roots of the New Age? Name the one item which is not correct. A) Transcendentalism B) Mormonism C) New Thought D) Spiritualism E) Theosophy

B

What caused televangelists who dominated cable network stations to lose support in the late 1980's? A) Pat Robertson talked too much about politics. B) There were sex scandals involving Jim Bakker and Jimmy Swaggert. C) Jerry Falwell became too interested in economic gain for his organization.

B

By the 21st century, the New Agers began to change from millennial expectation to something different. Choose the one thing on this list which is not correct. A) Exploring a new spirituality B) Finding the God/Self within C) Finding financial prosperity D) Living more in the present E) Interest shifting to healing

C

What is a channel? A) an individual who can feel cold drafts when a disembodied soul passes by B) an individual who can see spirits from long-departed souls. C) one who can receive messages from entities from a nonphysical world

C

Which of the following is a basic Islamic belief about Muhammad? A) He was the only true prophet. B) He was the first prophet. C) He was the final prophet.

C

What is the Christian Right for and what is it against? Please check what it is FOR. A) Homosexuality and feminism B) Abortion C) Strong national defense D) Commitment to a strong family E) Prayer in the schools F) Greater governmental support for religious education and faith-based charities G) "Atheistic" communism H) Prescribed gender roles

C,D,E,F,H

How often does a practicing Muslim pray? A) Once a week B) once a day C) three times a day D) five times a day

D

This means "the awakened one."

the buddha

This form of Buddhism taught the original teaching of the historical Buddha

theravada buddism

"Buddha" means one who is awake or awakened. T or F?

true

America, despite its many religions, does have a religion which unifies us all, according to Catherine Albanese. T or F?

true

Buddhism accepted some of the major beliefs in Hinduism such as reincarnation and karma. T or F?

true

By the time George Washington took his oath of office, people felt that the victory in the war for independence was the beginning of the millennium. T or F?

true

From 1906 to 1916, Orthodox Church membership grew fivefold, from 20,000 to 100,000 people. T or F?

true

Helen Schucman died in 1981 and never could completely accept the Course in Miracles and resented much of its message. T or F?

true

In England after World War II, groups of spiritualists and Theosophists were welcoming Asian teachers and a mood of millennial expectation filled the air. T or F?

true

Jesus is considered a prophet by Muslims. T or F?

true

Middle-class African Americans gravitated towards congregations that resembled the churches of white mainline Protestants. T or F?

true

Millennialism also refers to a golden age of peace and prosperity that Americans can create on their own. T or F?

true

Millennialism refers to beliefs about the end of the time generated by reading the Bible. T or F?

true

Mohandas Gandhi read the Sermon of the Mount, and Martin Luther King, Jr. was inspired about successful non-violence from Gandhi. T or F?

true

Mrs. Schucman wrote what became A Course in Miracles, from 1965-1973, nearly 1200 pages of material. T or F?

true

Our author, Catherine Albanese, maintains that the Course in Miracles contains patterns of religious expansion and contraction. T or F?

true

Protestantism became dominant because there was a fit between its "this worldly" ethic and the essentials needed for creating settlements in the new world. T or F?

true

Public Protestantism originated in the Calvinist Christianity of the early Puritan settlers. T or F?

true

Since New Agers do not organize themselves into churches, they consult channelers, use crystals, and try to harmonize the energies of the body so that they resonate with larger natural forces and laws. T or F?

true

The Buddha did not promote the worship of gods and did not speculate on what he considered unknowable information about the world beyond. T or F?

true

The Course in Miracles acknowledges God as Father and Creator, alongside a Holy Spirit and a "Son of God" identified as the voice that dictated the material. T or F?

true

The issue which finally split the Eastern and Western Catholic churches was the Eastern Church's refusal to accept the authority of the pope of Rome. The pope sent a decree of excommunication for the Bishop of Constantinople in 1054. T or F?

true

The largest groups of Muslims who came to the U.S. from the 17th to the 19th centuries were slaves from West Africa. T or F?

true

The sangha is the religious order founded by the Buddha. T or F?

true