Reproductive System Kahoot
Which steroids are synthetic testosterone preparation building effects? (41)
Anabolic Steroid (Male Sex Hormone) synthetic testosterone preparation that have more anabolic effects (growth to increase body size) than androgenic effects (hair, genitals, muscle mass) tissue building/weight gain (increase protein anabolism + reduce catabolism) increase hemoglobin and RBC mass
What is the primary natural Androgen? What does it treat? (41)
Androgen Prototype: Testosterone Replacement therapy in hypogonadism also used in inoperable breast cancer
Which type of testosterone is responsible for growth and development of the male sex organs? (41)
Androgens (Male Steroid Hormones) act like testosterone development of male sexual characteristics
Which classification of male reproductive drugs are controlled substances? What level? (41)
Androgens are class III controlled substances
In men, what is the andropause and what occurs during this period? (39)
Andropause is the male climacteric it occurs when the body can no longer produce sex hormones the hypothalamus + anterior pituitary respond by releasing higher levels of GnRH, FSH and LH, attempting to achieve higher levels of sex hormones
What hormones are produced by the ovaries?
Estrogen Progesterone
A lactating mom prescribed an abortifacient can continue to breastfeed while taking the medication. (40) True or False
False Abortifacients evacuate uterine contents via contractions Termination of pregnancy at 12-20 weeks
Testosterone is not recommended for use in women because of the adverse androgenic effects (41) True or False
False ovaries produce testosterone + estrogen Testosterone injections/patches for women prevent ovulation to treat endometriosis Relief of inoperable breast cancer
Postcoital or emergency contraception ("morning-after") regimen and doses (40)
Kahoot says: must start within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse + a follow-up dosage of the same number of pills within 12 hours of the first dose Plan B (levonorgestrel): one tablet within 72 hrs after intercourse, and a second tablet 12 hours later Plan B One-Step (levonorgestrel): one tablet within 72 hrs after unprotected intercourse. OTC for 17 yrs and older Ulipristal (Ella): one tablet within 5 days of unprotected intercourse
What is the onset of the menstrual cycle at puberty referred to as? (39)
Menarche
In what preparations are oral contraceptives available? (40)
Monophasic - even levels of estrogen and progestin through days 1-21 Biphasic - stative estrogen with two different progestin rates that switch mid-cycle Triphasic - varying estrogen + progestin levels through day 21 One tablet orally for 21 days, beginning on day 5 of the cycle (day 1 of cycle is first day bleeding). 1 tablet missed: take asap or take two the next day. 2 consecutive tablets missed: take two tablets for the next 2 days, then resume. 3 consecutive tablets missed: begin a new cycle in 7 days + additional bc
Which male reproductive drug is indicated for the treatment of anemias in adults? (41)
Oxymetholone (Anadrol-50) class: Anabolic Steroid treats various anemias
What do Estrogen Receptor Modulators do? (40)
Produce the positive effects of estrogen replacement while limiting adverse affects They stimulate specific estrogen receptor sites, increasing bone mineral density without stimulating the endometrium (thickening of the uterine lining) in postmenopausal women
What happens in the body during menstrual cramps? (39)
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate its contraction to clam off vessels as the lining sheds. The loss of the lining is called menstruation If pregnancy does not occur during ovulation, after about 14 days levels of the sex hormone drop. Lowered horomone levels cause the inner lining of the uterus to slough off because it is no longer stimulated by the hormones. High levels of plasminogen in the uterus prevent crossing of the lining as the vessels shear off.
What do Oxytocics do? (40)
Stimulate uterine contractions to assist labor or induce abortion control postpartum bleeding/hemorrhage
Human sexual response involves the activation of which nervous system? (39)
Sympathetic Nervous System 4 Phases of the Human Sex Response Phase 1 - Stimulation: increase in sensitivity + activation of SNS Phase 2 - Plateau: stimulation levels off Phase 3 - Climax: massive sympathetic stimulation Phase 4 - Recovery: resolution
What are the two male endocrine glands? (39)
Testes Components: Seminiferous Tubules Interstitial (Leydig) Cells
What is ovulation? (39)
The release of an egg for possible fertilization
The same fetal cells are responsible for the development of male and female reproductive systems. (39) True or False
True The fetal cells develop into the sex glands that produce sexual hormones. In females, they remain in the abdomen + develop into ovaries (sex glands) In males, they migrate out of the abdomen + form testes Both fe/male glands respond to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) FSH and LH are released from the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released from the hypothalamus.
Common effects of Androgens (41)
acne, edema, hirsutism, voice deepens, oily skin and hair, weight gain, decreased breast size, testicular atrophy flushing, sweating, vanities, nervousness, headache, dizziness, sleep disorders, altered electrolytes
When is Progesterone released? (39)
by ovaries into circulation after ovulation
What are Progestins? (40)
contraceptives, most effective with estrogens treat amenorrhea part of fertility programs for their functional uterine bleeding
What are Abortifacients used for? (40)
evacuate the uterus by stimulating intense uterine contractions dislodge any implanted trophoblast and prevent implantation of fertilized eggs terminate pregnancy of 12-20 weeks
What are Estrogens? When are they used? (40)
female sex hormones that develop the reproductive system used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during ovarian failure and menopause prevents postmenopausal osteoporosis - retains Ca+ in bones relieves symptoms of inoperable breast cancer
What is released by the ovaries to stimulate ovulation? (39)
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
Contraindications of Fertility drugs (40)
ovarian failure ovarian cysts thyroid/adrenal dysfunction pregnancy or uterine bleeding
What is the use of Tocolytics? (40)
relax the uterine smooth muscle and prevent contractions leading to premature labor and delivery reserved for use after 20 weeks of gestation (being carries to womb after conception) Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (Makena) - only Tocolytic approved in US
Actions and adverse effects of Alprostadil (Caverject, Muse) What should men taking this medication avoid, and why? (41)
self-injection that acts locally to relax vascular smooth muscle to promos blood flow into the corpus cavernous, causing a penile erection priapism - prolonged, often painful, erection avoid nitrates and alpha-blockers: potential dangerous CV effects
What do fertility drugs do? (40)
simulate the female reproductive system directly, or by stimulating the hypothalamus to increase FSH and LH indications: infertility
What do the testes produce? (39)
sperm and the sex hormone testosterone Seminiferous Tubules - produce sperm Interstitial (Leydig) Cells - produce testosterone
How does penile erectile dysfunction occur? (41)
when the corpus cavernous fails to fill with blood, preventing penile erection ED drugs relax vascular smooth muscle to promote blood flow into the corpus cavernosum