Reproductive System

The external genitalia do not become clearly differentiated until about week ____ of development. A. 6 B. 12 C. 20 D. 32 E. 38

C. 20

What is the correct order for the phases of the ovarian cycle, beginning with day 1? A. Luteal - follicular - ovulation B. Follicular - luteal - ovulation C. Follicular - ovulation - luteal D. Ovulation - follicular - luteal E. Ovulation - luteal - follicular

C. Follicular - ovulation - luteal

What prevents the simultaneous passage of sperm and urine through the male urethra? A. External urethral sphincter B. Bulbourethral gland C. Internal urethral sphincter D. Perineal raphe E. Prepuce

C. Internal urethral sphincter

Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte? A. Secondary follicle B. Primary follicle C. Mature follicle D. Primordial follicle

C. Mature follicle

Which cord or sheet of connective tissue attaches to the ovary at the hilum? A. Suspensory ligament B. Ovarian ligament C. Mesovarium D. Broad ligament E. Round ligament

C. Mesovarium

Which of the male accessory glands encircles the urethra? A. Seminal vesicle B. Bulbourethral gland C. Prostate gland D. Cowper's gland E. Urethral gland

C. Prostate gland

Which of these male reproductive structures is unpaired (meaning there's only one in the body)? A. Epididymis B. Bulbourethral gland C. Prostate gland D. Seminal vesicle E. Corpus cavernosum

C. Prostate gland

In males, the _________ gene on the Y chromosome initiates male phenotypic development. A. HRT B. AMH C. TDF D. PSA E. BPH

C. TDF

The secretory structures that produce milk in a lactating female are the A. lactiferous sinuses. B. lactiferous ducts. C. alveoli. D. areolar glands. E. Bartholin glands.

C. alveoli.

The stages that appear during spermatogenesis are a: Spermatid b: Primary spermatocyte c: Spermatogonium d: Spermatozoon e: Secondary spermatocyte What is the correct order of appearance of these stages? A. b, e, c, d, a B. c, e, d, a, b C. c, b, e, a, d D. a, c, b, e, d E. d, b, c, e, a

C. c, b, e, a, d

Fimbriae A. are extensions of the ovarian ligament. B. line the ampulla of the uterine tube. C. enclose the ovary at the time of ovulation. D. are sloughed off during menstruation. E. assist in the movement of sperm through the female reproductive tract.

C. enclose the ovary at the time of ovulation.

The portion of the uterine wall that includes the basal layer is the A. myometrium. B. perimetrium. C. endometrium. D. serosa. E. muscularis.

C. endometrium.

The acrosome cap contains A. testosterone. B. nutrients to sustain the sperm. C. enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte. D. mitochondria to provide energy for movement. E. buffers to neutralize the acidity of the female reproductive tract.

C. enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte.

The dome-shaped superior portion of the uterus is the A. body. B. pylorus. C. fundus. D. fornix. E. isthmus.

C. fundus.

Descent of the testis from the abdominal cavity to the scrotum is aided by a band of connective tissue called the A. tunica vaginalis. B. tunica albuginea. C. gubernaculum. D. mesonephric duct. E. genital ridge.

C. gubernaculum.

Ovulation occurs when an oocyte is released from a ruptured _____ follicle. A. secondary B. primary C. mature D. primordial E. oogonial

C. mature

The function of the dartos and cremaster muscles is to A. attach the penis to the body wall. B. produce erections. C. regulate the temperature of the testes. D. help the testes descend into the scrotum prior to birth. E. move sperm along the ductus deferens.

C. regulate the temperature of the testes.

The interstitial cells in the testes A. undergo mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes. B. support and protect the developing sperm cells. C. secrete testosterone. D. convert fructose to glucose to nourish the sperm. E. form the lining of the seminiferous tubules.

C. secrete testosterone.

How many spermatozoa ultimately develop from each primary spermatocyte? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

D. 4

This figure shows a posterior view of the organs of the female reproductive system. Which number indicates the suspensory ligament? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

D. 4

What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation? A. Corona radiata B. Zona pellucida C. Corpus albicans D. Corpus luteum E. Antrum

D. Corpus luteum

Which layer of the uterine wall is sloughed off during menstruation? A. Perimetrium B. Basal layer of endometrium C. Myometrium D. Functional layer of endometrium E. Epimetrium

D. Functional layer of endometrium

What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary? A. Infundibulum - isthmus - ampulla - uterine part B. Uterine part - infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus C. Ampulla - infundibulum - uterine part - isthmus D. Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part E. Uterine part - isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum

D. Infundibulum - ampulla - isthmus - uterine part

Which of these structures contains sebaceous glands? A. Clitoris B. Vestibular bulb C. Mons pubis D. Labia minora E. Prepuce

D. Labia minora

Which is correct regarding chromosome numbers during oogenesis? A. Primary oocytes are haploid, secondary oocytes are diploid. B. Both primary oocytes and secondary oocytes are haploid. C. Both primary oocytes and secondary oocytes are diploid. D. Primary oocytes are diploid, secondary oocytes are haploid. E. Primary oocytes are haploid, secondary oocytes may be haploid or diploid depending on their meiotic stage.

D. Primary oocytes are diploid, secondary oocytes are haploid.

Which is not true about spermatogenesis? A. The process includes two meiotic divisions. B. The final stage of the process is called spermiogenesis. C. Mature spermatozoa are haploid. D. Spermatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man's life. E. The process takes place in the walls of the seminiferous tubules.

D. Spermatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man's life.

Which is not correct regarding the ovaries? A. Each ovary has an outer cortex and an inner medulla. B. The ovaries are located lateral to the uterus. C. The ovarian artery and vein join the ovary at its hilum. D. The gametes develop from the ovarian germinal epithelium. E. The tunica albuginea is deep to the germinal epithelium.

D. The gametes develop from the ovarian germinal epithelium.

Which does not provide structural support for the uterus? A. Round ligament B. Transverse cervical ligament C. Uterosacral ligament D. Uterine ligament E. Urogenital diaphragm

D. Uterine ligament

An erection of the penis is caused by A. semen pressure from the testes and ductus deferens. B. muscle flexion of the penile muscles. C. increased secretions of lymph into the spongy tissue. D. blood filling the erectile bodies and compressing the veins. E. ejaculatory muscles.

D. blood filling the erectile bodies and compressing the veins.

Puberty is initiated by the secretion of A. luteinizing hormone. B. estrogen or testosterone. C. follicle-stimulating hormone. D. gonadotropin-releasing hormone. E. androgens.

D. gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

If a secondary oocyte is fertilized and successfully implants in the uterine lining, it becomes a pre-embryo and begins to secrete A. progesterone. B. estrogen. C. gonadotropin-releasing hormone. D. human chorionic gonadotropin. E. gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone.

D. human chorionic gonadotropin.

The lateral margin of the uterine tube, which bears the fimbriae, is called the A. ampulla. B. fornix. C. isthmus. D. infundibulum. E. uterine part.

D. infundibulum.

A secondary oocyte arrests in A. prophase I. B. anaphase II. C. prophase II. D. metaphase II. E. metaphase I.

D. metaphase II.

Developing sperm cells are protected by a blood-testis barrier formed by A. connective tissue septa. B. interstitial spaces. C. Leydig cells. D. sustentacular cells. E. leukocytes.

D. sustentacular cells.

When the testes are exposed to cool temperatures, A. testosterone production stops. B. there is an increase in sperm production. C. the scrotal septum opens, allowing the testes to share warmth. D. the dartos and cremaster muscles contract to bring the testes closer to the body. E. None of the choices is correct; the testes are not affected by temperature.

D. the dartos and cremaster muscles contract to bring the testes closer to the body.

The gonads A. are the male testes and female ovaries, which are homologues. B. secrete sex hormones. C. produce gametes. D. are dormant until puberty. E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following is not a component of seminal fluid? A. Prostaglandin B. Citric acid C. Mucus D. Seminalplasmin E. Calcium

E. Calcium

Which is not part of the spermatic cord? A. Testicular artery B. Pampiniform plexus C. Cremaster muscle D. Ductus deferens E. Dartos muscle

E. Dartos muscle

Which is not correct regarding the perineum? A. It is a diamond-shaped area between the thighs. B. It includes the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle. C. It is circumscribed by the coccyx, ischial tuberosities, and pubic symphysis. D. It contains the urethral and vaginal orifices in females. E. It contains the urethral orifice in males.

E. It contains the urethral orifice in males.

Which is not considered to be a symptom of menopause? A. Vaginal dryness B. Increase in the amount of facial hair C. Periodic elevations in body temperature D. Osteoporosis E. No exceptions; all choices are considered to be symptoms of menopause.

E. No exceptions; all choices are considered to be symptoms of menopause.

Which is not considered to be a change associated with aging in males? A. Erectile dysfunction B. Impotence C. Decreased testosterone levels D. Prostate enlargement E. Termination of spermatogenesis

E. Termination of spermatogenesis

Which is not correct regarding the penis? A. The root of the penis is attached to the pubic arch. B. The body of the penis contains the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum. C. The prepuce is removed during circumcision. D. The penis is the male copulatory organ. E. The enlarged proximal end is called the glans.

E. The enlarged proximal end is called the glans.

Which is not part of the vulva? A. Mons pubis B. Clitoris C. Labia majora D. Labia minora E. Vagina

E. Vagina

Which structure is not found in both males and females? A. Glans B. Corpora cavernosa C. Tunica albuginea D. Prepuce E. Vestibular gland

E. Vestibular gland

The volume of the antrum is largest in a __________ follicle. A. primary B. secondary C. primordial D. polar E. mature

E. mature

The myometrium of the uterus is composed of A. skeletal muscle. B. mucous membrane. C. fibrous connective tissue. D. loose connective tissue. E. smooth muscle.

E. smooth muscle.

The normal site of fertilization is the A. vagina. B. body of the uterus. C. fundus of the uterus. D. cervix. E. uterine tube.

E. uterine tube.

How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

A. 1

Where are spermatozoa stored until they are fully mature? A. Epididymis B. Rete testis C. Ductus deferens D. Seminiferous tubules E. Efferent ductules

A. Epididymis

What is the correct order for the phases of the uterine cycle, beginning with day 1? A. Menstrual - proliferative - secretory B. Proliferative - secretory - menstrual C. Secretory - proliferative - menstrual D. Menstrual - secretory - proliferative E. Proliferative - menstrual - secretory

A. Menstrual - proliferative - secretory

Which gland secretes a fluid containing fructose? A. Seminal vesicle B. Bulbourethral gland C. Vestibular gland D. Prostate gland E. Urethral gland

A. Seminal vesicle

Which structure is derived from the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity? A. Tunica vaginalis B. Perineal raphe C. Spermatic cord D. Tunica albuginea E. Mediastinum testis

A. Tunica vaginalis

The ejaculatory duct is formed by the A. ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle. B. ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland. C. ampulla and the distal portions of the bulbourethral glands. D. ductus deferens and the ducts of the prostate gland and bulbourethral glands. E. ampulla and the prostatic urethra.

A. ampulla and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle.

The ovaries A. are responsible for the production of oocytes and the secretion of hormones. B. are retroperitoneal. C. are analogous to the scrotum of the male. D. have a tunica vaginalis covering them, as do the testes. E. All of the choices are correct.

A. are responsible for the production of oocytes and the secretion of hormones.

In females, the genital tubercle forms the A. clitoris. B. vagina. C. labia majora. D. labia minora. E. uterus.

A. clitoris.

The external os is the A. opening of the cervix into the vagina. B. inferior portion of the central cavity. C. bone that supports the uterus during pregnancy. D. uterine tube attachment site. E. primary suspensory ligament for the uterus.

A. opening of the cervix into the vagina.

A primary oocyte is arrested in A. prophase I. B. anaphase I. C. prophase II. D. metaphase II. E. metaphase I.

A. prophase I.

The rete testis A. receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules. B. is the nerve plexus that supplies the testis. C. is a venous network that cools the arterial blood traveling to the testis. D. transports seminal fluid to the efferent ductules. E. is the site of spermiogenesis.

A. receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules.

In males, the labioscrotal swellings form the A. scrotum. B. scrotum and testes. C. scrotum and root of the penis. D. scrotum and dorsal side of the penis. E. scrotum and ventral side of the penis.

A. scrotum.

If a secondary oocyte is fertilized and successfully implants in the uterine lining, A. the corpus luteum is maintained until the placenta begins to secrete estrogen and progesterone. B. the uterine lining undergoes a proliferative phase. C. the corpus albicans secretes gonadotropin-inhibiting hormone to prevent further follicular development. D. the ovarian cycle begins again. E. All of the choices are correct.

A. the corpus luteum is maintained until the placenta begins to secrete estrogen and progesterone.

This figure shows a posterior view of the organs of the female reproductive system. Which number indicates the ovarian ligament? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

B. 2

This figure shows a posterior view of the organs of the female reproductive system. What structures does number 6 indicate? A. Mesosalpinx B. Fimbriae C. Ovarian tubules D. Cilia E. Mesovaria

B. Fimbriae

What part of a spermatozoon contains the nuclear material? A. Acrosome cap B. Head C. Midpiece D. Flagellum E. Tail

B. Head

Under what circumstances does a secondary oocyte complete meiosis II? A. In response to the LH surge at ovulation B. Upon fertilization C. In response to stimulation by FSH during the second week of the menstrual cycle D. Upon entering the uterine tube E. Upon reaching the uterus

B. Upon fertilization

Which is not a uterine function? A. Protection and support of developing embryo B. Usual site of fertilization C. Site of implantation D. Muscle contraction for labor and delivery E. Passageway for sperm

B. Usual site of fertilization

Menarche is A. the first four days of menstruation. B. a female's first menstrual cycle. C. the stage immediately preceding menopause. D. marked by a dramatic decline in androgen secretion. E. the final phase of the uterine cycle.

B. a female's first menstrual cycle.

The structures of the male reproductive tract are a: Ductus deferens b: Urethra c: Epididymis d: Ejaculatory duct e: Ampulla The order in which sperm passes through these structures from the testes to the penis is A. a, b, c, e, d B. c, a, e, d, b C. a, c, e, b, d D. c, a, b, d, e E. d, a, c, e, b

B. c, a, e, d, b

The epithelial lining of the uterine tube is A. pseudostratified columnar epithelium. B. ciliated columnar epithelium. C. nonkeratinized squamous epithelium. D. stratified cuboidal epithelium. E. ciliated cuboidal epithelium.

B. ciliated columnar epithelium.

Peak levels of FSH and LH in the blood occur A. early in the follicular phase. B. just prior to ovulation. C. immediately after ovulation. D. late in the luteal phase. E. early in the luteal phase.

B. just prior to ovulation.

During development, the __________ ducts form the female duct system. A. mesonephric B. paramesonephric C. metanephric D. parametanephric E. Wolffian

B. paramesonephric

The ridge that is visible externally along the midline of the scrotum is called the A. septum. B. raphe. C. perineum. D. tunica albuginea. E. scrotal cord.

B. raphe.

The changes that occur in a woman's body at menopause are due to A. reduced frequency of sexual activity. B. reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone. C. increased production of androgens by the adrenal gland. D. depletion of oocyte supply. E. fluid retention that disrupts the osmotic balance of the body.

B. reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone.

The male homologue to the labia majora is the A. testis. B. scrotum. C. penis. D. bulbourethral gland. E. prostate gland.

B. scrotum.

Sperm are produced in the A. rete testis. B. seminiferous tubules. C. epididymis. D. seminal vesicles. E. efferent ductules.

B. seminiferous tubules.

The vagina is lined with A. transitional epithelium. B. stratified squamous epithelium. C. ciliated columnar epithelium. D. simple cuboidal epithelium. E. pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

B. stratified squamous epithelium.

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle coincides with A. ovulation. B. the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle. C. menstruation. D. the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. E. proliferation.

B. the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle.