Research Exam 3
After completing a research study, the researcher develops a dissemination plan. Which factor is part of a dissemination plan? Type of study design Target audience Generalizability of sample Method of data collection
Target audience
Which reliability coefficient indicates the best reliability? r .70 r .80 r .90 r .95
r .95
After identifying the research question to be tested for a meta-analysis, what task would the researcher complete next? A. Develop a search strategy B. Locate sample of studies C. Identify sampling criteria D. Extract data from reports
C
What does a theme represent in qualitative research? A. The actual written report B. The operational definition of the study's conceptual framework C. The labeling of similar ideas shared by the study participants D. The relationship between the hypotheses and the research question
C
What is the key goal in the Lincoln and Guba's framework? A. Dependability B. Credibility C. Trustworthiness D. Confirmability
C
A nurse researcher has developed and tested a new instrument. Which of the following coefficient alpha results indicates that the researcher's instrument is highly reliable? 0.08 0.82 6.8
0.82
When searching databases for evidence from research studies, which section of the research article can be used to judge whether to read the full report? Introduction Abstract Discussion Results
Abstract
Which test would be used to compare the observed frequencies with expected frequencies within a contingency table? A. Person's r B. Chi-squared test C. T test D. ANOVA
B
When critically appraising (critiquing) the method section of a research article, which questions are appropriate to determine the merits and limitations of that section? (SATA) A. Were appropriate statistical methods used? B. Was the most rigorous possible design used? C. Do the study findings appear valid? D. Was the number of data collection points appropriate? E. Was the population identified and described?
B. Was the most rigorous possible design used? D. Was the number of data collection points appropriate? E. Was the population identified and described?
Which of the following elements would be found in the discussion section of a research article? (Select all that apply.) Review of the literature Clinical and research implications Interpretation of results Research design Study limitations
Clinical and research implications Interpretation of results Study limitations
Internal consistency is evaluated by calculating: Coefficient alpha (Cronbach's alpha) t-tests Composite scales Statistical power
Coefficient alpha (Cronbach's alpha)
Which measurement is used when determining the internal consistency of a new instrument? Standard deviation Crosstabs Cronbach's alpha Median
Cronbach's alpha
A researcher measures the weight of people in a study involving obesity and Type 2 DM. What type of measurement is being employed? A. Nominal B. Ordinal C. Interval D. Ratio
D
The researcher subtracts the lowest value of data form the highest value of data to obtain: A. Mode B. Median C. Mean D. Range
D
What are the implications of significant study limitations? Increase in generalizability and transferability Decrease in generalizability and transferability Increased reflexivity Decreased reflexivity
Decrease in generalizability and transferability
In what section of a research journal article should the conclusions of the research be listed? Introduction Method Results Discussion
Discussion
Which section of a research report addresses limitations of the study? Introduction Results Abstract Discussion
Discussion
What may be included in the method section of a qualitative study? The names of statistical tests used The statistical significance Study limitations Efforts to enhance the integrity of the study
Efforts to enhance the integrity of the study
T or F: A major controversy involving qualitative research is that a relatively small amount of terminology is used
F
T or F: According to Sandelowski and Barroso, a meta-summary lays the foundation of meta-analysis
F
T or F: In a nonexperimental study, correlation and causation are the same
F
T or F: Persistent observation is a quality-enhancement strategy useful for coding and analysis
F
T or F: Statistical results provide the most meaningful means of communication about a study's results
F
T or F: There are five broad schools of phenomenological analysis
F
Why should researchers list limitations in a research report? Indicates the researcher considered them when interpreting the findings. Limitations are used to answer the research questions. Allows peer reviewers to omit the critique process. Limitations are a direct indication the research is flawed.
Indicates the researcher considered them when interpreting the findings.
Which method of communication has had a significant impact on dissemination of research findings? Internet Newspapers Videos Webinars
Internet
What is the degree to which two or more observers or coders agree about the scoring in an instrument called? Test-retest Interrater reliability Internal consistency Sample variability
Interrater reliability
What are the main sections of a research report in the IMRAD format? (SATA) Introduction Method Results Discussion Bibliography
Introduction Method Results Discussion
Why does the discussion section of a research report hold an enormous amount of power? It's where the results and implications to practice are discussed. It's where study methodology and rationale are discussed. It's where an overview of the study and key terms are discussed. It's where the problem statement is discussed.
It's where the results and implications to practice are discussed.
What factors can make understanding a research report difficult for some readers? (SATA) Jargon Font size Compactness Objectivity Statistical information
Jargon Compactness Objectivity Statistical information
Which of the following are effective methods of knowledge dissemination? (SATA) Journal articles Professional conferences Poster presentations Social media Journal clubs
Journal articles Professional conferences Poster presentations Journal clubs
Which is a participative and less rigorous type of research dissemination setting that is suitable for all educational levels of nurses? Grand rounds Poster presentation Oral presentation Journal club
Journal club
In the knowledge transmission phase of research dissemination, it is important to identify which characteristic of the target audience? Gender Health insurance status Literacy level Income
Literacy level
The members of a journal club are discussing the conclusions of a research study about anxiety in hospitalized geriatric patients. What information can the members expect to find in the discussion section? Literature review References Meaning of the findings Graphic representation of results
Meaning of the findings
Which dissemination strategy should take less than 5 minutes to read, accentuated by tables and graphics in a visually appealing format? Poster presentation Publication Oral presentation Journal club
Poster presentation
What is the most effective dissemination strategy to use for the goal of improved client care and cost containment? Nursing grand rounds Oral presentations Publications Quality and process improvement initiatives
Quality and process improvement initiatives
What are some helpful strategies for reading research articles? (Select all that apply.) Read articles infrequently. Read articles frequently. Read articles slowly. Seek to understand the story (don't get caught up in statistics). Translate jargon into words you understand.
Read articles frequently. Read articles slowly. Seek to understand the story (don't get caught up in statistics). Translate jargon into words you understand.
What aspects of reliability are important to quantitative researchers? (SATA) Stability Internal consistency Equivalence Variability Inconsistency
Stability Internal consistency Equivalence
Reliability is the consistency with which an instrument measures an attribute. Which of the following are aspects of reliability that are important to researchers? (SATA) Sensitivity Specificity Stability Internal consistency Test-retest
Stability Internal consistency Test-retest
T or F: A bell-shaped curve is also called a normal distribution
T
T or F: A correlation coefficient of -0.38 is stronger than a correlation coefficient of +0.32
T
T or F: A key component of meta-analysis is the calculation of an effect size index
T
T or F: A research critique is an objective assessment of a study's strengths and limitations and includes recommendations for improving the study.
T
T or F: A researcher supports inferences that he or she wishes others to make, based on the research results, by ensuring study validity
T
T or F: An advantage of meta-analysis is the conclusions arrived at
T
T or F: Ground theory analysis involves the use of a constant comparative method
T
T or F: In the dissemination phase of the research process, the final task is the preparation of the research report.
T
T or F: Research articles may be difficult to understand because they include jargon.
T
T or F: The basic EBP process includes five steps
T
T or F: The discussion section always describes the limits placed on the information gained from the study findings.
T
The stability of an instrument is described as: The degree to which similar results are obtained on separate occasions A numeric index that quantifies an instrument's reliability Wide variation in results to account for situational influences The variability of the internal inconsistency
The degree to which similar results are obtained on separate occasions
What elements may be contained in the results section of a research study? (SATA) The names of statistical tests used The value of the calculated statistic The statistical significance Clinical and research implications Study limitations
The names of statistical tests used The value of the calculated statistic The statistical significance
What might limit the ability to draw conclusions from a study? (Select all that apply.) The sample Study design Measures used Methods Problem statement
The sample Study design Measures used Methods