Respiratory NCLEX Questions

airborne route

* TEST* *Which identified the route of transmission of tuberculosis(TB)?* A. Hand to mouth B. the enteric route C. airborne route D. blood and body fluids

clubbing of the fingers

Which finding in a female patient should indicate to the LPN/LVN that the patient is likely to have a respiratory problem? A. Clubbing of the fingers B. Inverted breast nipples C. Inability to rotate the shoulder joint A. A fine maculopapular rash over the anterior of her chest

Albuterol

*TEST* *A patient with asthma is suddenly experiencing difficulty breathing, tachypnea, and wheezing. Which medication listed on the medication administration record, administered through an inhaler, should the nurse administer to this patient?* A.Albuterol B. Cromolyn C. Salmeterol D. Formoterol

Negative

*TEST* *The nurse is reading the results of a tuberculin skin test on a client with no documented health problems. The site has no induration and a 1-mm area of ecchymosis. Which interpretation should the nurse make of these results? * A. Positive B. Negative C. Uncertain D. Borderline

Do not suction the patient for more than 10 to 15 seconds

*TEST* *The nurse is suctioning a patient who is unable to expectorate respiratory secretions from his tracheotomy. How can the nurse avoid the serious consequences of removing oxygen when suctioning this patient?* A. Keep suction pressure between 110 and 120 mm Hg. B. Avoid giving the patient oxygen just before suctioning. C. Apply suction as the catheter is advanced into the trachea. D. Do not suction the patient for more than 10 to 15 seconds.

Have the patient apply direct pressure by pinching his nose for 10 to 15 minutes

*TEST* A patient's nose begins to bleed. Which action should the LPN/LVN take?* A. Tell the patient to keep swallowing. B. Apply warm compresses to the nose and face. C. Encourage the patient to blow his nose at frequent intervals. D. Have the patient apply direct pressure by pinching his nose for 10 to 15 minutes

The patient will need his aminophylline dosage adjusted

A patient taking aminophylline tells the nurse that he is going to begin a smoking cessation program when he is discharged from the hospital. Why should the nurse tell this patient to notify his physician if his smoking pattern changes? A. The patient will need his aminophylline dosage adjusted. B. The patient will not derive as much benefit from inhaler use. C. The patient will require an increase in antitussive medication. D. The patient will no longer require annual influenza immunization.

Pneumonia

A patient who experienced high fever and chills, a productive cough, chest pain, general malaise, and aching muscles during the past week is admitted to the hospital. The nurse realizes these symptoms correspond most closely with which disease? A. Pneumonia B. Type A influenza C. Pleurisy with effusion D. Streptococcus empyema

Hypoxic drive is necessary for breathing.

A patient with COPD asks the nurse to turn his oxygen up from 3 L/min via nasal cannula to 5 L/min. The nurse explains to the patient that she cannot turn his oxygen up this high. What is the reason the oxygen cannot be increased to 5 L/min? A. Hypoxic drive is necessary for breathing. B. Hypercapnic drive is necessary for breathing. C. Higher concentrations may result in a severe headache. D. Higher levels will be required later for arterial blood gases (ABGs).

Glomerulonephritis

A patient with a sore throat is to have a throat culture to establish whether the infection is being caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. If it is a streptococcal infection and the patient is not treated, what may the patient be at risk for? A. Cystitis B. Hepatitis C. Glaucoma D. Glomerulonephritis

increase calories, proteins, vitamins and minerals

A patient with emphysema may lose weight despite having an adequate caloric intake. What advice should the nurse give the patient regarding ways to maintain an optimal weight? A. Increase activity level to stimulate appetite. B. Increase calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals. C. Continue the same caloric intake but increase fat intake. D. increase amounts of complex carbohydrates and decrease fats.

The family will receive prophylactic therapy and the client will not be contagious after 2 to 3 weeks of medication therapy

A client being discharged from the hospital to home with a diagnosis of TB is worried about the possibility of infecting family members and others. Which information should reassure the client that contaminating family members and others is not likely? A. The family does not need therapy, and client will not be contagious after 1 month of medication therapy B. The family does not need therapy, and the client will not be contagious after 6 consecutive weeks of medication therapy C. The family will receive prophylactic therapy, and the client will not be contagious after 1 continuous week of medication therapy D. The family will receive prophylactic therapy, and the client will not be contagious after 2 to 3 weeks of medication therapy

liver enzyme levels

A client with tuberculosis is being started on antituberculosis therapy with isoniazid. Before giving the client the first dose, the nurse ensures that which baseline study has been completed? A. electrolyte levels B. coagulation levels C. liver enzymes levels D. serum creatinine level

wheezes

A nurse is caring for a patient who has asthma. Which lung sound would the nurse expect to hear when auscultating this patients lung fields? A. fine crackles B. stridor C. pleural friction rub D. wheezes

sitting on the side of the bed, leaning on an overbed table

A nurse is reinforcing instructions to a hospitalized client with a diagnosis of emphysema about positions that will enhance the effectiveness of breathing during dyspneic episodes, Which position should the nurse instruct the client to assume? A. side-laying in bed B. sitting in a recliner chair C.sitting up in bed at a 90 degree angle D.sitting on the side of the bed, leaning on a overbed table

biots respiration

A nurse should observe for and report which abnormal breathing pattern that is most likely to occur in patients with increased intracranial pressure? A. cheyne-stokes respiration B. kussmauls respiration C. biot's respiration D. apnustic respiration

blood- tinged sputum

A patient is to have a bronchoscopy. The LPN/LVN should expect which finding in the postprocedure period? A.Difficulty breathing B. Blood-tinged sputum C. Elevated temperature D. Elevated blood pressure

increase fluid intake to 2500 ml a day

A patient presents at the emergency room complaining of severe throat pain "that's so bad I can hardly swallow. It feels like there's a huge lump in my throat." The patient is diagnosed with severe pharyngitis. What would the nurse include in patient teaching regarding this condition? A. Increase fluid intake to 2500 mL a day. B. Refrain from taking hot baths or showers. C. Limit the amount of fruit juice in the patient's diet. D. Decrease the humidity in the patient's environment

fever and chills

Common signs and symptoms that should alert the nurse to the possibility of pneumonia include: A. Fever and chills B. Nonproductive cough C. Night sweats D. Clubbed fingers

A. emphysema

Diseases that are considered to be obstructive pulmonary disorders that cause chronic airflow limitatons(CAL) include: A.emphysema B. acute bronchitis C. pleurisy D. pulmonary tuberculosis

they are more susceptible to upper respiratory infections.

For which of these reasons is it particularly important for older adults to receive influenza immunizations? A. They tend to live alone. B. They cannot tolerate changes in temperature. C. They tend not to seek medical assistance soon enough. D. They are more susceptible to upper respiratory infections.

B. pneumothorax

If a patient is exhibiting sudden chest pain or tightness, dyspnea, increase pulse and respirations, decreased BP, and absence of normal chest movements and breath sounds the patient is probably experencing an: A. myocardial infarction B. pneumothorax C. acute tonsilitis D. acute asthma attack

respiratory disress

The nurse is caring for a client after a pulmonary angiography via catheter insertion into the left groin. The nurse monitors for allergic reaction to the contrast medium by observing for the presence of which? A. hypothermia B. respiratory distress C. hematoma in the left groin D.discomfort in left groin

Extra protein is required to repair damage tissues

The nurse notes that the respiratory symptoms of the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have affected his nutrition. Which would most help improve the patient's nutrition? A. Eat three large meals to increase stomach fullness. B. Extra protein is required to repair damaged tissues. C. Exercise before eating each meal three times a day. D. Drink six to eight glasses of caffeinated fluids each day.

" You should see your primary health care provider"

The patient tells the LPN/LVN that she has been hoarse for the past 2½ weeks. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A."Try to talk as little as possible." B. "Gargle with warm, slightly salted water." C. "You should see your primary health care provider." D. "Use a high-humidity vaporizer two or three times a day."

bronchoscopy

*TEST* *A nurse is caring for several patients who are scheduled for diagnostic testing for respiratory disorders. The patient who needs postprocedural care that includes frequent vital signs is the patient who had: * A. capnography B. D-Dimer test C. a ventilation and perfusion scan D. bronchoscopy

Dry, hacking cough

Early Symptoms of acute bronchitis include: A. Large amounts of sputum B.high fever C. Muscle soreness D. Dry , hacking cough

rest assists in keeping the immune system healthy

It is appropriate to teach patients to obtain sufficient rest to help decrease the frequency with which they contract upper respiratory infections. How does rest help prevent respiratory infections? A. Rest enhances the functioning of the cough reflex. B. Rest assists in keeping the immune system healthy. C. Rest allows the body to produce more red blood cells. D. Rest reduces the amount of vitamin C that the body excretes.

B. health care personnel in contact with the patient using the HEPA respirator masks

Nursing managment of a patient with the diagnosis of pumonary tuberculosis would include: A. placing a client in contact precautions B. health care personnel in contact with the patient using the HEPA respirator masks C. ensuring meal trays have disposable utensils D. increasing the activity level o f a patient as much as possible during the active phase of the illness

A. ensuring sufficient calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis from use of steroid medications

Nutritonal therapy for the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should include increasing fluids to keep mucus thin, resting before eating, eating 4 to 6 small means a day and: A. ensuring sufficient calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis from use of steroid medications B. increasing intake of caffeine in order to boost energy levels C. lying down immediately after meals to allow for adequate rest D. increasing sodium intake

ventilate the client manually

The low-pressure alarm sounds on the ventilator. The nurse checks the client and the attempts to determine the cause of the alarm but its unsuccessful. Which *intial* action should the nurse take? A. administer oxygen B.ventilate the client manually C.check the clients vital signs D. start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Hyperinflation of the lungs

The nurse assesses a patient with emphysema and notes a barrel chest. What is the reason for this patient's chest anomaly? A. Collapse of distal alveoli B. Use of accessory muscles C. Hyperinflation of the lungs D. Long-term, chronic hypoxia

lateral position

The nurse is assigned to care for a client after a left pneumonectomy. Which position is contraindicated for this client? A. lateral position B. low fowlers position C. semi-fowlers postion D. head of the bed elevation to 40 degrees

2

The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema receiving oxygen. The nurse should check the oxygen flow rate to ensure the client does not exceed how many L/minute of oxygen? A. 1 B. 2 C. 6 D. 10

preform tracheostomy care maintain aspiration precautions develop an alternate communication method

The nurse is caring for a patient following a total laryngectomy. Which interventions should the nurse anticipate will be needed? (Select all that apply.) A. Administer oral feedings. B. Perform tracheostomy care. C. Maintain aspiration precautions. D. Maintain neutropenic precautions. E. Develop an alternate communication method.

inserting a tube for breathing

The nurse is caring for a patient going to surgery for a tracheostomy. What is the purpose of a tracheostomy? A. Inserting a tube for feeding B. Inserting a tube for breathing C. Inserting a tube for bile drainage D. Inserting a tube for gastric drainage

aspiration

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a partial laryngectomy and is experiencing difficulty swallowing. For which complication is this patient most at risk? A. Aspiration B. Epiglottitis C. Esophageal varicosities D. Paralysis of the vocal cords

Sitting, facing the side of the bed

The nurse is caring for a patient who is going to have a thoracentesis performed. How should the nurse position the patient for this procedure? A.Flat, prone B. Flat, supine C. Sitting, facing the side of the bed D. Sitting, facing the front of the bed

monitoring airway patency keeping the patient sitting forward compressing the bleeding nostril against the septum and apply ice

The nurse is caring for a patient with epistaxis who is to be taken for x-rays of the skull and face. What nursing intervention(s) will be necessary? (Select all that apply.) A. Monitoring airway patency B. Administering a narcotic analgesic C. Keeping the patient sitting forward D. Encouraging the patient to take sips of water E. Compressing the bleeding nostril against the septum and applying ice

A. Providing adequate rest periods B. Maintaining adequate fluid intake D. Monitoring vital signs and respiratory status E. Providing oral hygiene before and after meals

The nurse is caring for a patient with viral pneumonia. Which intervention(s) should the nurse expect to be included in the care plan? (Select all that apply.) A. Providing adequate rest periods B. Maintaining adequate fluid intake C. administering organism-specific antibiotics D. Monitoring vital signs and respiratory status E. Providing oral hygiene before and after meals

a man who is an inspector for the postal service

The nurse is caring for several clients with respiratory disorders. Which client is atleast risk for developing a tuberculosis infection? A. an uninsured man who is homeless B. a women newly immigrated from korea C.a man who is an inspector for the U.S postal service D. an older women admitted from a long-term care facility

sputum culture

The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis(TB). The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm diagnosis? A. Chest x-ray B. Bronchoscopy C.Sputum Culture D. Tuberculin skin test

promote carbon dioxide elimination

The nurse is instructing a client about pursed lip breathing, and the client asks the nurse about its purpose. The nurse should tell the client that the *primary* purpose of pursed lip breathing is which? A. promote oxygen intake B.strengthen the diaphragm C. strengthen the intercostal muscles D. promote carbon dioxide elimination

persistent hoarseness

The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a patient who is scheduled for several diagnostic respiratory procedures. Which symptom(s) reported by the patient would make the nurse suspect the patient may have laryngeal cancer? A. Anemia B. Difficulty swallowing C. Persistent hoarseness D. Sleep apnea and snoring

A. Activities should be resumed gradually C. a sputum culture is needed every 2 to 4 weeks once medication therapy has started E. Cover the mouth and nose when coughing of sneezing and confine used tissues to plastic bags

The nurse is preparing a list of home care instructions for the client who has been hospitalized and treated for tuberculosis. Which instructions should the nurse reinforce? select all that apply A. Activities should be resumed gradually B. avoid contact with other individuals except family members, for atleast 6 months C.a sputum culture is needed every 2 to 4 weeks once medications therapy is initiated D. Respiratory isolation is not necessary because family members have already been exposed E. Cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and confine used tissues to plastic bags F. When one sputum culture is negative, the client is no longer considered infectious and can usually return to work

shortness of breath

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which *early* sign of exacerbation? A. fever B. fatigue C. weight loss D. shortness of breath

" I should not be contagious after 2 to 3 weeks of medication therapy."

The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client diagnosed with TB and has been on medication for 1 and a half weeks. The nurse knows that the client has understood the information if which statement is made? A. " I can't shop at the mall for the next 6 months" B. " I need to continue medication therapy for 2 months." C. " I can return to work if a sputum culture comes back negative." D. " I should not be contagious after 2 to 3 weeks of medication therapy."

report the findings

The nurse notes that a hospitalized client has experience a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test. Which action by the nurse is priority? A.report the findings B. document the findings in the clients record C. call the employee health service department D. call the radiology department for a chest x-ray

"The disease is characterized by decreased lung expansion."

The student nurse is caring for a patient with a restrictive respiratory disease. Which description demonstrates the student's knowledge of the disease? A. "The disease is characterized by increased lung volumes." B. "The disease is characterized by decreased lung expansion." C. "The disease is characterized by an obstruction in the lungs." D. "The disease is characterized by narrowed tracheobronchial tree openings."

emphysema chronic bronchitis

The student nurse is preparing a report about COPD. The student would be correct in including which disease(s) in the report? (Select all that apply.) A. Emphysema B. Bronchial asthma C. Chronic bronchitis D. Pleurisy with effusion E. Pulmonary tuberculosis

Cilia

To defend against exposure to foreign particles, the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract contains tiny, hairlike projections. What are these called? A. Cilia B. Alveoli C. Surfactants D. Chemoreceptors

C. rising levels of air pollution

Two of the most prevalent causative factors for the development of COPD are cigarette smoking and: A. high serum alpha-antitrypsin B. exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis C. rising levels of air pollution D. frequent upper respiratory infections

Antihistamines, corticosteroids, and decongestants

What are some commonly prescribed drugs used for allergic rhinitis and sinusitis? A. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and aspirin B. corticosteriods, anginals, and anticoagulants C. Corticosteroids, alpha antagonists, and aspirin D. Antihistamines, corticosteroids, and decongestants

Alveoli

What structure allows for gas exchange with the pulmonary capillaries during respiration? A. Lungs B. Alveoli C. Bronchi D. Trachea