Respiratory

A condition in which wheezing occurs with breathlessness and a persistent cough, and yields yellowish or greenish phelgm is

Bronchitis

How does external respiration differ from internal respiration?

External respiration refers to gas exchange between inhaled air and blood, whereas internal respiration refers to gas exchange between the blood and tissue fluids.

Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive ?

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, which results in the production of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions.

Which of the following occurs as air is drawn through the nose?

air is warmed, filtered, and humidified

Ventilation refers to the process by which

air moves into and out of the lungs

Which of the following disorders is described as follows: damage to motor nerves innervating skeletal muscle; skeletal muscles weaken; death usually results within five years of diagnosis ?

amytrophic lateral sclerosis

Burning of carbon-based fuels can produce which one of the following, an odorless gas that competes with oxygen for binding to hemoglobin.

carbon monoxide

Which of the following results from the stimulation by nerve impulses generated in the respiratory center when they arrive at the muscles involved in inspiration?

contraction of the diaphragm

Which one of the following muscles separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

diaphragm

During the ingestion of food or liquid, which one of the following tips to block the opening to the trachea?

epiglottis

A small amount of fluid is contained in the pleural cavity to

function as a lubricant as the lungs move during ventilation

During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs

initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as air leaves the body

Bronchioles differ from bronchi in that they

lack cartilage in their walls

When air entering the respiratory tract leaves the pharynx, it next enters the

larynx

The respiratory control center is located

medulla oblongata

Oxygen-rich blood flows through the heart

via the left atrium and ventricle before entering the systemic circuit

All of the following are involved in the regulation of the rate and depth of breathing except which one ?

bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

carbaminohemoglobin differs from hemoglobin in that carbaminohemoglobin

is bound to carbon dioxide

external respiration is the process of

moving gases into or out of the blood stream within lung tissue

During inspiration, intercostal muscles function to

pull the rib cage up and out, so that lung volume increases

During a cough, what is responsible for constricting the size of the trachea?

smooth muscle

Most of the carbon dioxide released by cells is transported in the venous supply in what form ?

soluble bicarbonate ion