REVIEW CHAPTER #9 NAIL STRUCTURE and GROWTH

The average rate of nail growth in the normal adult is about:

1/10 inch per month

The nail plate is constructed of how many layers of nail cells?

100

Nail plates need oxygen, vitamins, and minerals.

False....Nail plates are made of dead cells, so they do not require oxygen

Ordinarily, replacement of a natural toenail takes about 4 to 6 months

False....Toenails take about nine months to one year to be fully replaced.

Fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail

Lateral nail fold

Visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin

Lunula

The slits or furrows on the sidewall of the nail

Nail grooves

A hardened keratin plate that sits on and covers the nail bed

Nail plate

Also known as the onyx, composed mainly of keratin

Natural nail

The nail bed contains many nerves and is attached to the nail plate with a thin layer of tissue called the:

bed epithelium

The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is the:

cuticle

The living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area is the:

eponychium

The water content of a healthy nail is between 5 and 10 percent.

false...its water content is actually between 15 and 25 percent

The keratin in natural nails is softer than the keratin in hair

false..The keratin in natural nails is harder than the keratin in skin or hair.

The water content of the natural nail directly affects the nail's:

flexibility

The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe is called the:

free edge

The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the natural nail plate is the:

hyponychium

The natural nail is part of what system?

integumentary

The tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds an organ in place is the:

ligament

Normal, healthy nails grow in a variety of shapes, depending upon the shape of the:

matrix

The area of the nail where the nail plate cells are formed is the:

matrix

The portion of living skin that supports the nail plate is the: nail

nail bed

The most visible and functional part of the nail unit is the:

nail plate

. Toenails are thicker and harder than fingernails because the toenail matrix is longer than the fingernail matrix

true

The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the body

true