review

The above reaction occurs when an excess of 6 M HCL solution is added to 100 mL of MaOCl of unknown concentration. If the reaction goes to completion and 0.010 mol of CL2 is produced, then what was the molarity of the NaOCl solution?

0.10 M

When a student adds 30 mL of 1.00 M HCl to 0.56 g of powdered Fe, a reaction occurs according to the equation above. When the reaction is complete at 273 K and 1.0 atm, which of the following is true?

0.22 L if H2 has been produced

There is an almost imperceptible peak is at a mass of 35. The best explanation for this peak is CH3F containing an atom of which isotope?

13C

When 4.0 L of He, 6.0 L of N2, and 10 L of Ar, all at 0 degrees celsius and 1.0 atm, are pumped into an evacuated 8.0 L rigid container, the final pressure in the container at 0 degrees celsius is

2.5 atm

A 6.0 mol sample of C3H8 and a 20 mol sample of Cl2 are placed in a previously evacuated vessel, where they react according to the equation above. After one of the reactants has been totally consumed, how many moles of HCl have been produced

20 mol

which of the following is the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction between Li(s0 and water?

2Li(s) + 2H2O --> 2Li(aq) + 2OH +H2

The student determined that the reaction produced 0.010 mol of Cu(NO3)2. Based on the measurement what was the percent of Cu by mass in the original 2 g sample of the mixture?

32%

The student determined that the reaction produced 0.010 mol of Cu(NO3)2. Based on the measurement, what was the percent of Cu by mass in the original 2.0 g sample of the mixture?

32%

Calcium reacts with water according to the above reaction. What volume of hydrogen gas, at standard temp and pressure, is produces from .200 mol of calcium?

4.48 L

How many grams of Nitrogen are in 25 g of (NH4)2SO4?

5.30 g

Beaker X and Beaker Y each contain 1 L of solution as shown above. A student combines the solutions by pouring them into a larger, previously empty Beaker Z and observes the formation of a white precipitate. Assuming that volumes are additive, which of the following sets of solution could be represented by the diagram above?

Beaker X: 2.0 M AgNO3 Beaker Y: 1.0 M MgCl2 Beaker Z: 0.50 M Mg(NO3)2 and Ag Cl

If equal masses of the following compounds undergo complete combustion, which will yield the greatest mass of CO2?

Benzene, C6H6

Species other than Cl can also decompose O3 through the same mechanism. Which of the following chemical species is most likely to decompose O3 in the upper atmosphere through the above mechanism?

Br

A 23 g sample of a compound contains 12 g of C, 3 g of H, and 8 g of O. Which of the following is the empirical formula of the compound?

C2H6O

A 23 g sample of a compound contains 12.0 g of C, 3 g of H, and 8 g of O. Which of the following is the empirical formula of the compound?

C2H6O

The molecular formula and molar mass of two straight chain hydrocarbons are listed in the table above. Based on the information in the table, which compound has the higher boiling point, and why is that compounds boiling point higher?

C4H10, because if has more electrons, resulting in greater polarizability and stronger dispersion forces

Complete combustion of a sample of hydrocarbon in excess oxygen produces equimolar quantities of water and carbon dioxide. Which of the following could be the molecular formula of the compound?

C4H8

A covalent compound is found to have an empirical formula of C2H5O. The molar mass of the compound is found to be approximately 135 grams per mole. What is the molecular formula of the compound?

C6H15O3

The compounded CCl4 is nonflammable and was once commonly used in fire extinguishers. On the basis of the periodic properties, which of the following compounds can most likely be used as a fire resistant chemical?

CBr4

Which of the following liquids do the intermolecular forces include dipole-dipole forces?

CH2F2

On the basis of the information above, which of the following arranges the binary compounds in order of increasing bond polarity?

CH4 < SiCl4 < SF4

A sample of a compound that contains only the elements C,H, and N is completely burned in O2 to produce 44 g of CO2, 45 g of H2O, and some NO2. A possible empirical formula for the compound is:

CH5N

Based on the information in the table above, which liquid, CS2 or CCl4, has the higher equilibrium vapor pressure at 25 degrees celsius and why?

CS2, because it has weaker London dispersion forces

The photoelectron spectra of the 1s electrons of two isoelectronic species, Ca2+ and Ar, are shown below. Which of the following correctly identifies the species associated with peak X and provides a valid justification?

Ca 2+, because its nucleus has two more protons than the nucleus of Ar has

Based on the structure shown above, which of the following statements identifies the compound with the higher boiling point and provides the best explanation for the higher boiling point?

Compound 2, because it form hydrogen bonds, whereas compound 1 does not

The complete photoelectron spectra of neutral atoms of two unknown elements X and Y are shown below. Which of the following can be inferred from the data?

Element Y has a greater nuclear charge than element X does.

A mixture containing equal numbers of moles of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate was separated using distillation. Based on the diagram shown above, which of the following identifies the substance that would be initially present in higher concentration ion the distillate and correctly explains why that occurs?

Ethyl acetate, because it has a shorter carbon chain and weaker London dispersion forces

Because pure H2 is a hazardous substance, safer and more cost effective techniques to store it as a solid for shipping purposes have been developed. One such method is the reaction represented above, which occurs at 200 degrees C. Which of the following happens to H atoms in the forward reaction?

H atoms are both oxidized and reduced

Which of the following has the bonds arranged in order of decreasing polarity?

H-F > N-F > F-F

Which of the following compounds contains the largest % of oxygen by mass?

HNO3

A sample of a hard, solid binary compound at room temperature did not conduct electricity as a pure solid but became highly conductive when dissolved in water. Which of the following types of interactions is most likely found between the particles in the substance?

Ionic bonds

Which of the following is true about the reaction?

It is a redox reaction, because Cu(s) is oxidized and the nitrogen atom in NO3 is reduced

What is the identity of the medal chloride?

KCl

Based on the diagram above, which of the following best helps to explain why MgO(s) is not able to conduct electricity, but MgO(l) is a good conductor of electricity?

MgO(s) consists of seperate Mg 2+ ions and O 2 ions held in a fixed lattice, but in MgO the ions are free to move and conduct electricity

Manganese, Mn, forms a number of oxides. A particular oxide is 63.2% Mn. What is the simplest formula for this oxide?

MnO2

Based on coulomb's law and the information in the table above, which of the following cations is most likely to have the weakest interaction with an adjacent water molecule in an aqueous solution?

Na+

When water is added to a mixture of Na2)2 and S, a redox reaction occurs, as represented by the equation below. Atoms of which element are reduced in the reaction?

O in Na2O2; each atom gains one electron

In the reaction represented above, the number of MnO4 ions that react must be equal to which of the following:

One-fifth of the number of Fe 2+ ions that are consumed

Which element is being oxidized during the titration and what is the elements change in oxidation number?

Oxygen which changed from -1 to 0

Which of the following shows the correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral cadmium - 112 atom?

P: 48 N: 64 E: 48

Based on the information below and periodic trends, which of the following is the best hypothesis regarding the oxide formed by Rb?

Rb will form Rb2O, Rb2O2, and RbO2

If a pure sample of an oxide of sulfur contains 40 percent sulfur and 60 percent oxygen by mass, then the empirical formula of the oxide is

SO3

A 0.35 g sample of Li is places in an Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of water at 25 degrees C . A balloon is placed over the mouth of the flask to collect the hydrogen gas that is generated. What will be the effect on the amount of gas produced if the experiment is repeated using 0.35 g of K instead of 3.5 g of Li?

Some gas will be produced but less than the amount of gas produced with Li

A student is given a sample of a pure, white crystalline substance. Which of the following would be most useful in providing data to determine if the substance is an ionic compound?

Testing the electrical conductivity of an aqueous solution of the substance

A vessel contains Ar at a high pressure. Which of the following statements best helps to explain why the measured pressure is significantly greater than the pressure calculated using the ideal gas law?

The combines volume of the Ar atoms is too large to be negligible compared with the total volume of the container

For element X represented above, which of the following is the most likely explanation for the large difference between the second and third ionization energies?

The electron removed during the third ionization is, on average, much closer to the nucleus than the first two electrons removed were.

The reaction between NO and O2 to produce NO2 in a rigid reaction vessel is represented in the diagram above. The pressure inside the container is recorded using a pressure gauge. Which of the following statements correctly predicts the change in pressure as the reaction goes to completion at constant temperature, and provides the correct explanation?

The pressure will decrease because there are fewer molecules of product than of reactants

A sample of solid labeled as NaCl may be impure. A student analyzes the sample and determines that it contains 75 percent chlorine by mass. Pure NaCl contains 61 percent chlorine by mass. Which of the following statements is consisted within the data?

The sample contains NaCl and LiCl

To determine the number of moles of Cu in the sample of the mixture, the student measured the absorbance of known concentration of Cu(NO3)2 using a spectrophometer. A cuvette filled with some of the solution produced from the sample of the mixture was also tested. The data recorded by one student are shown in the table below. On the basis of the data provided, which of the following is a possible error that the student made?

The student labeled the cuvettes incorrectly, reversing the labels on two of the solutions of known concentration.

During the course of the experiment, which of the following happens to the NO3 ions?

They remain dissolved in the filtrate solution

Based on the ionization energies of element X given in the table above, which of the following is most likely the empirical formula of an oxide element X

X2O3

In a paper chromatography experiment, a sample of a pigment is separated into two components, X and Y, as shown in the figure above. The surface of the paper is moderately polar. What can be concluded about X and Y based on the experimental results?

Y is more polar than X

The mass spectrum of an average sample of a pure element is shown in the figure below. Which of the following is the identity of the element?

Zr

The dominant species present at the peak labeled "X" is?

[12C 1H2 19F]

The peak labeled "W" correlates primarily to which of the following species?

[12C 1H3 19F]

In the reaction represented above, what is the hybridization of the C atoms before and after the reaction occurs?

before: sp 2 after: sp 3

Which of the following identifies the element(s) being oxidized and reduced in the reaction?

oxygen is both oxidized and reduced