Revolutionary War Review

Colonel Prescott quote

"Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes"

How much did the average Revolutionary War Private make?

$6 dollars per month

Loyalist

American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence

Colonel Prescott was important in which battle

Bunker Hill

Ways women were involved in spying...

Eaves dropping (listening in on conversations) Sewing messages into buttons Sending messages with laundry

Battle of Bunker Hill (1775)

First major battle of the Revolutions. It showed that the Americans could hold their own, the Colonist were forced to withdraw after running out of ammunition.

Reasons why men stood close and in 2 lines during fighting

Give time to reload weapons, may actually hit some one since guns were so inaccruate

Valley Forge

Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778, 1/4 of troops died of cold and disease

How did a blockade affect the French & Indian War

Prevented French supplies from getting through and helped British win the war

This seems unimportant, but was very important to the New England Colonies after the Revolutionary War

Provision in the Treaty of Paris that allowed Americans to fish off the coast of Canada.

What battle was General Burgoyne involved in?

Saratoga

Taxation without representation

the idea that it is unfair to tax someone without giving them a voice in government

Red Coats/Lobster Backs

two nicknames for British soldiers

Drums and music were...

used to help soldiers know how to move, when to fire, and when fighting was over.

musket

Long barrel gun used most during the Revolutionary War

Patriot

a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors.

Closed rank battles usually happened in

an open field

Minutemen (militia)

average citizens who agreed to be ready for military duty "at a minute's warning."

Lexington and Concord

first battles of the Revolutionary War.. fought in Massachusetts

Closed Rank fighting

men fought in lines

Gave the U.S. territories between the Atlantic and the Mississippi River was...

one of the things the Americans got after the Revolutionary War

Ambush style fighting

open rank fighting

After the Revolutionary War, the British agreed to

recognize the U.S. as an independent nation and withdraw all troops

officers

scattered along the front, may have had horses

The Revolutionary War Battles in Order

Lexington Concord Bunker Hill Saratoga Valley Forge Yorktown

Thomas Gage was important in which battle

Lexington/Concorde

How long did it take to reload a musket

30 seconds to a minute

How far away closed rank fighting happened

50-100 yards away

bayonet

A blade attached to the end of a gun used for slashing or stabbing

Sons of Liberty

A group of colonists who formed a secret society to oppose British policies at the time of the American Revolution. They were sometimes known to use violence to get what they wanted.

Powder horn

A hollowed out horn with a cap used to carry gunpowder.

What the Americans had to do after the Revolutionary War

Allow British merchants to collect debts owed by Americans and return all property taken from Loyalist.

Battle of Yorktown

Last major battle of the Revolutionary War. Cornwallis and his troops were trapped in the Chesapeake Bay by the French fleet. He was sandwiched between the French navy and the American army. He surrendered October 19, 1781.

Continental Congress

Leaders from many of the 13 colonies meet to discuss what to do next. Eventually lead to the Declaration of Independence

Hidden Letters

Letters rolled up and hidden in objects including buttons, tiny balls, quills etc

Ciphers or Hidden Codes

Letters were written in a variety of way from numbers to hidden words which had to be decoded using some sort of code breaker (could be a dictionary or a cipher)

Colonial Soldiers

Soldiers who were paid to fight for the Colonies. They had better supplies and training.

Masked letter

Spy technique where a shape is cut out of a paper and laid over a letter. Inside the letter is the real message, the outside is information unimportant to the war effort.

Black chamber operations

Spy techniques in which secret rooms were used as a place to transcribe letters, the letters would then be sent to their original destination so the sender would not know the information was compromised.

Intercepting letters

Stealing letters with important information in them

"The shot heard around the world" refers to

The first shot that makes the start of the American Revolution at Lexington-Concord

What did the French & Indian War teach the colonist?

They could unify, they had good leadership, and they had the ability to fight

This is the agreement that ended the Revolutionary War

Treaty of Paris

Battle of Saratoga

Turning point of the American Revolution. It was very important because it convinced the French to give the U.S. military support because Americans had the potential to beat England.

Where soldiers were located in open ranked battles

Wooded areas in hiding spots

Invisible Ink

Writing done in a variety of chemicals including ferrous sulfate and water. A special chemical rubbed on letter to reveal true message.

General Cornwallis was involved in which battle

Yorktown