Rhs study guide
One of the rules of radiation protection is never stand closer the ___ feet from the X-ray unit during an exposure unless you are behind a barrier
6
F-speed dental x-ray film reduces radiation exposure to the patient by__% compared with D-speed dental ×-ray film
60%
What is the usual number of posterior PA film taken when taking a FMX?
8
What should the intensifying screens and cassettes be cleaned with?
A commercial cleaner after each use
What damage can occur from lionizing x-radiation
Can affect future generations.
An anterior set of images in a fmx includes What teeth?
Canines and incisors and laterals
Which of the following is a device used to position the film and patient for an extraoral panoramic image?
Cephalostat
What is the thermometer used for?
Check the strength of the developer
What extraoral device in determining the exact location of the third molar?
Cone beam
The function of the filter in the x-ray tube is to
Copper, remove long wavelengths from the beam
The range of shades of the gray between black and white on a image is called
Density
Who is responsible for discussing the need for dental imaging?
Dentist
What is the first step in developing an administrative quality control plan
Develop and maintain a written description of the quality assurance plan
What do dental Images detect
Abnormalities in surrounding hard and soft tissue
List 3 things that are true about electromagnetic radiation?
Are composed of photons that travel through space in waveforms Differ only by their wavelengths Travel in straight lines
According to the test for X-ray film freshness, the film is fresh and has been properly stored and handled when the processed film appears clean with a slight ____ tint,?
Blue
When taking panoramic images what part of the machine rotates around the patients head
Both image receptor and tube head
What does an intensifying screen do?
Intensifies or increases the effect of radiation and decreases the amount of exposure time needed when exposing and extraoral
What is the ALARA concept?
Keeping exposures levels as low as reasonably achievable
The penetrating of x rays beam is controlled by the setting on the
Kilovoltage setting
A dark radiolucent shadow that obscures the anterior teeth can indicate that the patient's?
Lips were not closed on the bite-block during the exposure.
What happens when u have exposure to radiation
No matter how small has the potential to cause harmful biological changes
After the film-screen test the film should look like?
Of uniform density
When taking a premolar bitewing image, the anterior edge o the film sonsor should be placed:
On the distal half of the canine
When mounting. Radiographs it is important to write what information on the mount?
Patient name and date
In the paralleling technique, the central ray of the X-ray beam must be ___ to the film sensor and the long axis of the tooth.
Perpendicular
What does The Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act is a federal law requires all employees taking x-rays to do?
Person who expose dental x-rays to wear radiation safety badges
What does the Focal trough do when taking a panoramic image?
Positions head correctly
The skull view that shows the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. It orbits, and the nasal cavities is the projection
Posteranterior
Describe Braking radiation?
Primary kind of radiation produced in the dental x-ray tube
What is the reason for fast film?
Reducing radiation exposure to both patient and operator
What is direct digital imaging?
The category of imaging that uses a sensor with a cord attached to the computer. Image goes directly to the computer
When a patient's chin is positioned too low during the panoramic exposure?
The condyles will not be visible
Why does Digital radiography requires less radiation than traditional radiography?
The sensor is more sensitive to x-ray energy
What is the Darkroom used for?
To store unopened boxes of dental film and to develop film
What documentation must be in the records after taking dental images
Tooth number and type
Which way is the film placed in the mouth with the side facing the teeth or the white side facing the tongue?
Towards the teeth
A good protocal to follow for decreasing the contamination of dental images. if you had to grab more supplies its recommended that you use over gloves?
True
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings~-2003, digital radiography sensors: should us FDA-cleared barriers?
True
Most states have laws that require inspections of dental x-ray equipment on a regular basis?
True
The orbital path of an electron around the nucleus is called an electron shell T or F
True
Regulations regarding certification for dental assistants in radiography?
Vary from state to state
When a size #2 film sensor is used, the anterior films are in the ______ position, and the posterior films/sensors are in the ______ position.
Vertical and horizontal
What is Latent Image?
When film emulsion interacts with x-rays
Name one reason the bisecting technique is used?
When patients have small mouths or low palatal vaults
The dentist who is credited making the first radiography in 1895 is
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
After removing an exposed film or PSP from a patients mouth what should you do with the film?
Wiped free of saliva using a dry 2x 2-inch gauze sponge or paper towel.
The fuzzy or blurred area around an image is called ____ It can be reduced by fast film
_penumbra
Who owns the dental images?
dentist
What is time and temperature for manual developing?
5 minutes at 68' F
What size of film is used for the anterior area of the mouth?
#1
The most commonly used film size for adult intraoral dentistry is size?
#2
What are occlusal radiographs used for
-locating retained roots of extracted teeth. -detecting decay.
A FMX consists of how many x-rays?
18-20
How long should a film be left in the fixer solution to be properly processed?
2 minutes
How long should a Radiation badge be worn before reading it?
3 to 4 weeks
The maximum permissible dose for an occupational worker for an individual 18 year of age or older is ____ rem/year.
5
What is Duplicating film?
Duplicating film is not intended to be used in the mouth and it is used to duplicate film.
If a patient is small and petite, to get the same density radiograph, it is best to reduce the
Exposure time and MA
The component of the X-ray machine that function in positioning the tube head is the
Extension arm
The major difference between the paralleling technique and the bisecting technique is image receptor? True or false
False
What causes Clear spots on a processed film?
Fixer contacts film prior to processing
A plastic or metal film cassette holds and protects the extraoral film. During exposure, the side of the cassette must face the patient is the___ side
Front
The silver halide crystal are located within which of the following layers of the following layers of the radiographic?
Gelatin that suspends the emulsion
A patient wearing earrings or glasses must remove them before a panoramic X-ray image exposure otherwise a ____ will appear on the image
Ghost image
When developer solution in an automatic processor is warmer than 83° F, the processed film will appear?
Gray or Clear
Each panoramic unit has a(n) ______ that is used to align the patient's teeth as accurately as possible.
Head positioner
The dentist says that the image has too much contrast; she would like to see more gray values. What adjustment would you make?
Increase KVP
Dental film holders, used to position and hold the dental x -ray film in the patient mouth, include?
Rinn XP instruments
What does a grid do?
Scatter radiation is absorbed by the lead strips on the grid
How well the image reproduces fine detail or distinct outlines of and object is called?
Sharpness
What is Horizontal angulation?
Side to side angulation
When a patient's teeth are not positioned in the groove of the bite-block and are too far forward, the teeth will appear?
Skinny
Sharpness of a radiographic image can be Improved by
Smaller Film Crystal Size,
.What is reticulation on a film? What does it look like?
Sudden temperature change between developer and water bath
What is the coin test?
Testing the safelight in the darkroom
Anterior teeth that appear fat are caused by the?
the patient's teeth positioned too far back in the bite block
the heart of the X-ray generating system is the
x-ray tube
