Rickettsia, Chlamydia, and Viruses

What is Chlamydia Psittaci?

A Chlamydia and the cause of Psittacosis.

What is Coxiella Burnetti?

A Rickettsia transmitted by food, water, arthropods, or contact and the cause of Q fever.

What is Hepatitis B (serum)?

A blood borne disease of the liver caused by a fragile DNA virus and accompanied by jaundice, abdominal pain, and degeneration of the liver tissue.

What is Hepatitis C (non-A non-B)?

A blood borne disease of the liver caused by a virus and accompanied by jaundice, abdominal in, and degeneration of the liver tissue.

What is Chlamydia Trachomatis?

A chlamydia and the cause of "Chlamydia" as well as Trachoma.

What is Epidemic Parotitis (mumps)?

A communicable disease caused by an icosahedral DNA virus and accompanied by swelling of the parotid and other salivary glands.

What is measles?

A communicable respiratory disease caused by an RNA helical virus and accompanied by respiratory symptoms and blush-like skin rash (rubeola).

What is chickenpox?

A communicable skin disease caused by a DNA icosahedral virus and accompanied by teardrop shaped, highly infections, skin lesions. It is caused by a varicella-zoster virus.

What is German Measles or Rubella?

A communicable skin disease caused by an icosahedral RNA virus and accompanied by mild respiratory symptoms and a measles-like rash; can cause damage in fetus if contracted by a pregnant woman.

What is Trachoma?

A contact disease of the eye accompanied by tiny, pale nodules on the conjunctiva and possible leading to blindness.

What is Herpes Keratitis?

A disease of the eye and an important cause of blindness in young adults.

What is Infectious Monoucleosis?

A disease of the white blood cells caused by an icosahedral DNA virus and accompanied by sore throat, mild fever, and malaise.

What is Hepatitis A (infectious)?

A foodborne and waterborne disease of the liver caused by a highly resistant RNA virus and accompanied by jaundice, abdominal pain and degeneration of the liver tissue.

What is smallpox?

A now-extinct viral disease of the skin and body organs caused by a complex DNA virus and accompanied by bleeding skin pustules, disfigurements, and multiple organ involvements.

A head cold involves what?

A regular sequence of symptoms beginning with headache, chills, and a dry, scratchy throat. A "running nose" and obstructed air passageways are the dominant symptoms. Cough is variable and fever is often absent or slight. Some children suffer croup. Provided there are no complications the symptoms go away in four to ten days and can be relieved with antihistamines.

What is rabies?

A serious nervous system disease due to a helical RNA virus, transmitted by an animal bite, and characterized by destruction of the brain tissue leading to paralysis and death.

What is Lymphogranuloma Vernereum?

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease of the external genital organs caused by Chlamydia Trachomatis and accompanied by swollen lymph nodes.

What is NGU (Non-gonococcal urethritis) or NSU (Non-specific urethritis)?

A sexually transmitted disease of the urethra.

What is Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease?

A viral disease of multiple organs accompanied by nonspecific symptoms and malaise; transmissible to the fetus of a pregnant woman; an opportunistic disease in AIDS patients.

What is Herpes Simplex?

A viral disease of the skin and nervous system, often characterized by blisterlike sores. In the 1960s, scientists learned that the herpes simplex virus has two different forms; type I and type II. For reasons that are yet unclear.

What is Poliomyelitis?

A word derived from the Greek term polios for gray and myelon for matter (the term polio is an abbreviation). The "gray matter" is the nerve tissue of the spinal cord and brain, which are affected in the disease. Viruses that cause polio are among the smallest virions, measuring 27 nanomicrons in diameter. They are composed of RNA and are icosahedral virions of the Picornaviridae family.

What is AIDS?

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.

What are the modes of transmission for Chlamydia Psittaci?

Airborne.

What are some modes of transmission for Coxiella Burnetti?

Among livestock and to humans is accomplished primarily by airborne dust particles as well as by respiratory droplets and ticks. In addition, humans may acquire the disease by consuming raw milk infected with Coxiella Burnetii or milk that has been improperly pasteurized. Mortality rate is low, and treatment with tetracycline is effective.

What is Psittacosis

An airborne bacterial disease of the lung caused by Chlamydia Psittaci and accompanied by respiratory discomfort and influenza like symptoms; occurs in birds of the psittacine group (such as parrots, parakeets and canaries as well as others) and in humans; also called ORNITHOSIS.

This is subgroup of rickettsiae seen only with the electron microscope. These are known as the smallest bacteria related to disease in humans. The members of the this group are cultivated only in living human cells and have a complex life cycle that include a number of different forms.

Chlamydia.

What is Chlamydia Pneumoniae?

Chlamydial pneumonia transmitted by droplets and causes a mild "walking pneumonia" principally in young adults and college students. The disease is clinically similar to psittacosis and primary atypical pneumonia and it is characterized by fever, headache, nonproductive cough, and infective of the lower lobe of the lung.

The organism that causes ______ are the most heat-resistant of all bacteria, and its elimination is a prime object of milk pasteurization. It is also considered an _______ for those who work with domestic animals.

Q fever; occupational hazard

What are Pneumotropic diseases?

Respiratory Tract diseases.

What are the portals of entry/exit for Chlamydia Psittaci?

Respiratory Tract.

What are the portals of entry/exit for Coxiella Burnetti?

Respiratory Tract.

A group of small bacteria generally transmitted by arthropods, most rickettsiae are cultivated only within living tissue medium. These were once regarded as an intermediate type of organism between bacteria and viruses. These produce by binary fission and have no flagella, pili, or capsules. What are they?

Rickettsia

This disease is usually characterized by symptoms of mild fever, persistent headache, and a maculopapular rash. Often the recovery is spontaneous, without need of drug therapy. What is it?

Rickettsia Typhi

What is Shingles?

Shingles is an alternative name for herpes zoster; a condition of the skin due to varicella-zoster virus. Sometimes this is called adult chickenpox.

What is Rickettsia Typhi?

The Rickettsia transmitted by fleas and the cause of ENDEMIC Typhus.

What is Rickettsia Rickettsii?

The Rickettsia transmitted by the tick and the cause of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Adenoviruses and rhinoviruses are part of a broad group of viruses that are the major causes of upper respiratory tract infections generally these are called:

The common cold (coryza) or the head cold.

What are the modes of transmission of Rickettsia Typhi?

This is vectored by fleas.

What is Viral Encephalitis?

This term refers to and acute inflammation of the brain. Used in the general sense, encephalitis may refer to any brain disorder. Arboviral encephalitis is typically used to refer to these disorders because so many of the viral diseases are arthropodborne, hence "arboviral". The cause of arboviral encephalitis may be any of a series of RNA viruses. There are also many forms of the disease with various vectors.

What are some portals of entry/exit for Rickettsia Typhi?

bite wound.

What are the portals of entry/exit for Rickettsia Prowazekii?

bite wound.

What are the portals of entry/exit for Rickettsia Rickettsii?

bite wound.

What are some characteristics of Typhus fever?

fever and rash are particularly evident with this; the rash is maculopapular, but unlike the rash of Rocky mountain spotted fever, it appears first on the body trunk and then progresses to the extremities. The fever is intense-sometimes reaching 104 degrees F and remains for days. The patient suffers hallucinations and becomes delirious. Some patients suffer permanent damage to the blood vessels and heart. Over 75% of people who suffer this disease die.

What are viscerotropic diseases?

internal organ diseases.

What are neurotropic diseases?

nervous system diseases.

What are dermatropic diseases?

skin diseases.

Define Rickettsia Prowazekii:

the rickettsia transmitted by the louse and the cause of EPIDEMIC Typhus aka typhus fever.

What is Herpes Simplex I?

virus often inhabits areas above the waist and is the cause of herpes keratitis and most cold sores.

What are the portals of entry/ext for NGU/NSU?

Genitourinary Tract.

What are some of the hallmarks of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

High fever lasting for many days and skin rash reflecting damage to the blood vessels. The rash begins as pink spots called macules, and progresses to pink-red pimplelike spots known as papules. Where the spots fuse, they form a maculopapular rash, which becomes dark red and then fades without evidence of scarring. The rash generally begins on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet and then progressively spreads to the body trunk. Mortality rates of untreated cases are variable, but treatment with tetracycline or chloramphenicol reduces this rate significantly.

What is HIV?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

What is an Immunological disease?

Immune system diseases.

A disease of the lungs caused by a helical RNA virus and accompanied by cough and malaise is called:

Influenza

What are the modes of transmission for Rickettsia Rickettsii?

It is vectored by the tick.

ENDEMIC Typhi is known as this in the Southwest:

Mexican Typhus.

This disease occurs sporadically in human populations because the flea that transmits it is not a natural parasite of humans. However, the disease is prevalent in rodent populations where fleas abound, and thus it is called:

Murine Typhus from the Latin murine, referring to the mouse.

What is Hantaan (hantaviurs) virus?

Named for the Hantaan River in Korea and the cause of Korean hemorrhagic Fever. Symptoms of the disease included and influenza-like prodrome with blood hemorrhaging acute respiratory failure. CDC investigators identified the deer mouse as the hose for the virus.

What are the modes of transmission of NGU/NSU?

Direct person-to-person sexual contact-an STD.

What is the history behind the name "Q" fever?

E.H. Derrick was the first to use the term "Q fever" in 1937 to describe an illness that broke out among workers at a meat packing plant in Australia. The "Q" may have been derived either from "query", meaning unknown, or from Queensland, the province in which the disease occurred.

The most notorious of all bacterial diseases that is considered the most prolific killers of humans, and on several occasions it has altered the course of history. Ex) Aztec (1500s) and Napoleons army (1812).

Epidemic Typhus aka Typhus fever.

What are the modes of transmission of Rickettsia Prowazekii?

Vectored by the human body louse.

What is Herpes Simplex II?

Virus appears to be prevalent below the waist as in genital herpes. Genital herpes is estimated to affect between 10 and 20 million Americans yearly. The figures are inexact because genital herpes is not currently a reportable disease. Signs generally appear with a few days of sexual contact, often as itching or throbbing in the genital area. This sensation is followed by reddening and swelling of a small area on which the painful blisters will erupt. The painful blisters crust over and the sores disappear, usually within about three weeks. People with herpes pass it on sexually to their partners during reoccurring breakouts.