Route and area clearance
2 major element of the IED defeat framework are?
Proactive and reactive
What is the role of the detection and neutralization element with in the route clearance team?
To scan medians and shoulders of a route and sweep the for EH, using visual, metallic, and electronic detection capabilities.
Security and C2 Elements / Functions
Traffic control Crew-served weapons support Protection detection (visual) C2
What is the role of the security element with in the route clearance team?
Traffic control, crew-served weapon support, and protection and can dismount if necesary.
What is the role of engineers with in the route clearance team?
To provide the detection of EH
Improvement Element / Tools
Dozers Scrapers Loaders Graders dump trucks Prime movers with trailers GEMTT wreckers Jammers
With in the basis of planing what does the intelligence does?
It helps to predict what the enemy is going to do by incorporating the METT-T with the IPB.
What is combat route clearance?
It is a 2 phase, force intensive operation, and may require a battalon size element, depending on the route's length
Why is the dismounted route learance prefered?
It provides access to restrictive terrain or in areas requiring high assurance.
Based on terrain and weather what are the location selection for emplacement of IED's?
1- Bridges and overpasses 2- Road and rail intersection 3- Places that forces slowdowns and closer intervals on convoys 4- Areas of dense civilian traffic or congestion 5- Culvert or tunnels 6- Terrain that provides overwatch 7- Terrain that offers cover or concealment for IED's and initiators 8- Terrain used for marshalling personnel, equipment, and supplies 9- Weather and the climate have a direct and indirect effect on IED's: a- Visibility b- Selection of emplacement c- Effectiveness of IED's
What are some of the operations that could be time sensitive when talking IED defeat?
1- Convoying route change detection 2- Responding to an IED incident 3- Targeting 4- Raiding an IED maker or factory 5- Seizing stockpiled cache
What does Trrops and support available includes?
1- Intelligence support 2- Recoinassance assets 3- Engineer units and support 4- EOD units or personnel 5- Combat forces 6- Linguist support 7- Civil affairs support 8- MP units 9- Psychological Operations support
Enemy focus areas are?
1- Methods and TTP for initiation of IED's 2- Common materials used 3- Favored targets 4- Patterns developed for the areas and location of IED attack's 5- Organization 6- Supply sources 7- Safe house and safe areas 8- Level of popular support 9- Commuications means 10- Known or suspecting funding sources 11- Known or suspected leadership
What could be the tasks that ould be included in your route clearance mission?
1- Recoinnassance (route, zone, area) 2- Security patrols 3- Route security 4- Route celarance 5- Area security, to include defending critical sites and infrastructure. 6- Raids 7- Cordon and search operations 8- Sniper operations
With in the IED framework what is reactive defeat?
Is the actions taken by friendly forces in order to detect, avoid, neutralize, and protect gainst IED's
With in the IED framework what is proactive defeat?
Is the actions taken by friendly forces in order to predict, detect, prevent, avoid, neutralize, and protect against IED's
Definition of route clearance
Is the detection, investigation, marking and reporting, and neutralization of explosive hazards (EH) and another obstacles.
Route clearance equipment
ANPSS 12, ANPSS14
What is linear or continous clearance methods?
Is the one that goes straight from check point 1 to check point 2.
How does jammers works?
Basically by overpowering or emitting more energy thn the enemy's RF emitter that controls the detonation of an IED.
Define a deliberate sweep operation.
Is very thorough and icludes a complete sweep of the entire route.
Organization
Command and Control Security Detection and Neutralization Improvement
The elements of a route and area clearance team are?
Command and control, Security element, Detection and neutralization element, Improvement element,
Typical IED types
Command wire, suicide IED, radio control IED, Vehicle borne IED, Victim operated IED
Define a hasty sweep operation.
Consists of visual inspection, physical search or probing, and the use of mine detectors
Which type of route clearance is prefered?
Dismounted
Acronym EBA
Engineer Battlefield Assessment
Route and area clearance are generally comprissed of the following
Engineers, Explosive ordnance dipsosal personnel, Infantry-military police-aviation, Medical team, Sepecial operations
What are the two types of sweep operations?
Hasty and deliberate
What is combat clearance?
It focuses on specific points along the route.
Genera location of IED emplacement
IED's may be emplaced anywhere that enough space exist or can be created to hide or disguise the IED,
Route and area clearance vehicles
IVMMD Husky, MPCV Buffalo, MMPV RG31, Cougar 6x6
What teams could potentially operate with in the EOD element?
Infantry, militarypolice, aviation units / Medical team/ Special operations
With in the route clearance elements what is the role of the Command and Control
Integrates the activities of the security and, detection and neutralization, and improvement elements.
Breaching Tenets/Basis for Planning
Intelligence Fundamentals Organization Mass Synchronization
Acronym IPB
Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield
What are the basis for planning?
Intelligence, fundamentals, organization, mass, sunchronization
Route Clearance Vehicles
Interim Vehicle mounted Mine Detector - "Husky" Heavy Mine-Protected Clearance Vehicle - "Buffalo" RG-31 Medium Mine Protected Vehicle
What are predetonators?
Is a system that delivers a proactive approach by emitting large amounts of RF energy in order to detonate the blasting cap or fry the circuit board.
Electronic Countermeasures
Jammers Pre-Detonators
Electronic countermeasures (ECM)
Jammers, Pre-detonators
They are normally located between 100 - 250 meters away from the road and 100 meters ahead of the search teams...
Kill teams
Clearance methods
Linear Combat
Whate are the methods and types of clearance?
Linear/continos, combat and combat route
Intelligence
METT-T
Components Improvised explosive device operations
Main charge, initiating system, casing
Security and C2 Elements / Tools
Medium mine-protected vehicles (RG-31) Engineer squad vehicles High-end optics Jammers
Detection and Neutralization Element / Tools
Mine-protected clearance vehicles (Buffalo) IVMMDs (Husky, Meerkat) Cameras Robotics High-end optices Jammers EOD team
Planing consideation
Mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available
How does the mass works with in the basis for planing?
Normally a 50% redundancy of engineer assets should be allocated to the team.
Detection and Neutralization Element / Functions
Reconnaissance Detection (visual, metallic and electronic) Investigation Marking and reporting Neutralization, as required
Improvement Element / Functions
Removal of rubble, trash, and vegetation Leveling of berms and holes
What are the phases of area clearance?
Right of way clearance, Route maintenance and sweep operations
Route Clearance Mission Phases
Right-of-Way-Clearance Route Maintenance and Sweep Operations
It is a combined arms operations that relies on a reconaissance of the route to be cleared
Route and area clearance
Primary Reponsability is to look for IED indicators and IED's.
Scan teams
Basis for determining route clearance
Situation Time Available Threat Level Available Assets
Fundamentals
Suppress Obscure Secure Reduce Resupply
What are the fundamentals with in the basis for planing?
Supress, obscure, secure, and resupply which may not be executed, but is planned as it is in breaching operations.
What are the importance of cover and security teams?
This teams provide aid to the formation by providing security and possibly a quick reaction force. Is usually motorized if possible with heavy machine guns.
What is the role of the improvement element with in the route clerance team?
To remove all concealment for EH from the entire width of the median an shoulders of the route.
What is the role of EOD with in the route celarance team?
To render safe and dispose of IED's and UXO's
What are the things that have to be taken into consideration when conducting a dismounted route clearance?
Time allocated for the mission The quantity and type of detectors available The terrain The war debreis The possibility of booby traps The urban, rural or mixed areas Is similar to mounted minus the improvement element The security element must be prepared tp assist the detection and neutralization elements in disengaging from enemy contact
Initiation method
Time, command, victim,
What are the search teams primary pourpose?
To locate all explosive hazards and ensure the route is clear.
What is very important with in the command and control element?
To mantain deception methods and to conceal the C2 vehicle.
Inidcators of IED emplacement
The primary indication of an IED will be a change in the eviroment (something new on the route that was not there yesterday). The enemy may leave behind visual indicators of an emplaced IED by accident of in some cases on pourpose to inform the local population of for use as an aiming point.
What is route maintenance and sweep operations?
The team with a reduced improvement element conducts systemtic random detection sweeps of the cleared areas and progresses to deterrennce and detection sweeps along the cleared route
What are Jammers?
They are RF emitters that prevent RCIED's from detonating.
Where are the search teams located with in the formation?
They are located along the edge of the MSR's
With in the formatioin where are the scan teams located?
They are placed approximately 10-25 meters away from the MSR and scan towards the MSR looking for inidicators and IED's
With in the task organization what does the kill teams do?
They are responsible for clearing the area of potential triggermen or enemy figthers before they get a chance to detonate the IED's.
What is the right of way clearance?
This operation provides the team with a clear understanding of the condition of the route allowing future operations to focus on changes to that condition.
What are the actions taken under reactive defeat element?
detect, avoid, neutralizes, and protect against IED's
high visibility targets
high value targets, and military targets,QRF Specialezed rout clearance equipment and personnel Cordons Checkpoints and control points Logistics movement or combat patrols Location/objects vulnerable by pattern analysis
What is the role of the Command element?
integrates the activites of the security, detection and neutralization, and improvement elements.
What are the actions taken under the proactive defeat elements?
predict, detect, prevent, avoid, neutralize, and preotect against IED events
Route Clearance is
the detection, investigation, marking, reporting, and neutralization of explosive hazards and other obstacles along a defined route to be cleared.
