S3 test 3 more

What does the nurse consider to be the priority nursing intervention for a client on diuretic therapy who has developed metabolic alkalosis? 1 Preventing falls 2 Monitoring electrolytes 3 Administering antiemetics 4 Adjusting the diuretic therapy

1 A client with alkalosis has hypotension and muscle weakness, which increases the risk for injury due to falls; therefore, to prevent injury, the priority nursing care is to prevent falls. Monitoring electrolytes daily until they return to normal is not the priority nursing care. Antiemetics are prescribed for vomiting and are given low priority. Once the client is protected from the risk for injury, diuretic therapy is adjusted.

A client is admitted to the hospital after taking an overdose of aspirin. A nasogastric tube is inserted for lavage. Which solution would the nurse obtain for the gastric lavage? 1 Normal saline 2 Lactated Ringer 3 Citrate magnesium 4 Sodium bicarbonate

1 A saline solution of 0.9% is considered a physiological or isotonic solution appropriate for gastric lavage because it will not detrimentally influence the client's acid-base balance. Lactated Ringer solution contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in purified water; it is an intravenous solution. Citrate magnesium affects the lower bowel, not the stomach. Sodium bicarbonate counteracts acidosis in some instances of salicylate toxicity, but it is undesirable for lavage because as a systemic alkalinizer, it can precipitate metabolic alkalosis.

Which condition would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory reports of a client who has Cushing syndrome? 1 Hypokalemia 2 Hypovolemia 3 Hypocalcemia 4 Hyponatremia

1 With glucocorticoid excess, aldosterone hypersecretion occurs and sodium is retained; therefore potassium is excreted, leading to hypokalemia. Hypervolemia occurs because of sodium and water retention precipitated by aldosterone. Hypocalcemia is not associated with aldosteronism. Aldosterone hypersecretion causes sodium retention and hypernatremia, not hyponatremia.

A client is receiving furosemide. For which sign of hypokalemia will the nurse monitor the client? 1 Chvostek sign 2 Muscle weakness 3 Anxious behavior 4 Abdominal cramping

2

Which manifestations are associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Polyuria 2 Weight gain 3 Hypotension 4 Hyponatremia 5 Decreased specific gravity

245 Excessive levels of ADH cause inappropriate free water retention; for every liter of fluid retained, the client will gain approximately 2.2 lb (1 kg). Free water retention results in a hypo-osmolar state with dilutional hyponatremia. Oliguria, not polyuria, occurs as ADH acts on nephrons to cause water to be reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate. Because of water reabsorption, blood volume may increase, causing hypertension, not hypotension. This increases, not decreases, as a result of increased urine concentration.

A critically ill 5-year-old child exhibits Kussmaul respirations. Which would the nurse suspect may be causing an increasing acid-base imbalance? 1 Metabolic alkalosis caused by an increase in base bicarbonate 2 Respiratory alkalosis caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2) output 3 Respiratory acidosis caused by an accumulation of CO2 4 Metabolic acidosis caused by a concentration of cations in body fluids

4 Metabolic acidosis results from an excess concentration of hydrogen cations. The kidneys cannot convert ammonium to ammonia, and there is inadequate base bicarbonate to maintain an appropriate acid-base balance. With Kussmaul respirations there is an excess of hydrogen ions, the opposite of an excess of base bicarbonate. Carbonic acid blown off as CO2 is a compensatory mechanism to counter the present metabolic acidosis. There is an excess of hydrogen ions from a metabolic problem rather than an excess of carbonic acid resulting from retained CO2.

expected symptom of hypocalcemia

cats want more milk but spasms

what drug treats gastroenteritis caused by shigella

ciprofloxacin

how can sepsis cause acidosis

creation of acidic compounds creates lactic acid

respiratory depression goes with what electrolyte imbalance

high magnesium

elevated magnesium does what to rr

hyper mag

kayexelates helps with what electrolyte imbalance

hyperkalemia

burns do what to electrolytes

hyperkalemia - live in cells

in MS are changes in cognition early or late signs

late

what med is given with gastroenteriris for increased BM

loperamide

common symptom of hypokalemia

muscle weakness

prophylactic

preventative

when is trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole given

prophylactically to immunocompromised children for HIV HIV pos under age 2 Low CD4 in older immunocompromised kids can be put on sulfa - antibiotic PREVENT aids defining illness

ADH function

reabsorption of water, elevation of blood volume and pressure

what woulda P 50, RR 8, BP 88/58 acid base

respiratory acidosis

cell-mediated immunity

type of immunity produced by T cells that attack infected or abnormal body cells