Safety Issues in Healthcare Test 1

List and describe the five parts of a hazard communication program

1. Chemical list of all hazardous chemicals in workplace 2. Written Program 3. Labels: identify, the hazard warning (flammable, can cause lung damage etc), name and address of manufacturer/distributor 4. MSDS/SDS (material safety data sheets) 5. Employee info and training

Explain the numbering system for a NFPA/HMIS label

4=extreme 3=serious 2=moderate 1=slight 0=minimal

Describe the purpose of Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration (MIOSHA)

Does everything the federal OSHA does, just at state level??

Describe the "General Duty Clause" of the OSH Act

Employer and employee responsibilities

Name several BBPs that are of the most importance to healthcare workers

HIV, Hep B (HBV), Hep C (HCV), Syphilis

Define imminent danger and IDLH

IDLH=immediately dangerous to life and health; a condition that threatens safety and life; accident has not yet occured

List the three branches of government that were formed under the OSH Act of 1970

OSHA (occupational safety and health admin) NIOSH (national institute for occupational safety and health) OSHRC (occupational safety and health review commission)

Identify the responsibilities for the three branches of government that were formed under the OSH Act of 1970

OSHA=compliance/enforcement/edu NIOSH=research OSHRC=appeals division

Describe the reasons why healthcare workers need their own safety course

Workers are particularly susceptible/around a lot more hazards/potential hazards so there are protocols/procedures that need to followed to ensure safety???

Explain what a mutagen, teratogen and carcinogen are

carcinogen-causes or is capable of causing cancer in humans mutagen-induces genetic changes in DNA of chromosomes teratogen-causes physical defects in developing embryo or fetus

Describe what the employee's responsibilities are under the OSHA Act of 1970

comply with occupational safety and health standards/rules/regulations/orders and be responsible for your own actions

Define Sharps, and give examples

contaminated object that can penetrate the skin; ex: needles, scalpels, broken glass, broken capillary tubes, exposed ends of dental wires

Define Bloodborne Pathogens (BBP)

disease in the blood

Describe the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and its relationship to OSHA

each day that regulations are passed by Congress, they are published in the Federal Register. Each rule is then placed in one of 50 titles. Title 29 is Labor

Define Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

each task should have a written procedure to reduce risk of exposure

Define the employer's and the employee's responsibilities for Hepatitis-B Vaccination

either get the vaccine or sign a waiver; can request one at employer's expense

Explain acquisition and available of a MSDS

employer must obtain them by phone, letter or online and must be available for all shifts either in 3 ring binder or on computer

Identify responsibilities for Laundry procedures

employer's responsibility; bag at the location where it is generated; color coded bags or containers, cleaned and laundered in such a way to inactivate or destroy BBP

Identify requirements for housekeeping practices

employers must choose PPE; recordkeeping and signing off

Describe where and when the material safety data sheets should be available

first time you get the chemical; when it is updated with new/significant info; available for employees on all shifts either in a 3 ring binder in work area or on computer

Describe the purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

formed to protect the american worker and provide a safe work place

Describe what the employer's responsibilities are under the OSHA Act of 1970

furnish employees a place of employment free from recognized hazards that are causing/can cause death or serious physical harm

Define and give examples of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) controls

gloves, protective eye wear, face shield; putting on and removing

Explain the categories for the NFPA/HMIS labeling system

health, flammable and reactive risks labeled by color on a diamond and rated 0-4 depending on risks for each chemical

List the colors for health, flammability, reactivity, and special situations on an NFPA/HMIS label

health=blue flammable=red reactive=yellow special hazard=white

Discuss the importance of the OSHA/MIOSHA 300 Log

helps ID types of accidents, departments that are having accidents, employees having accidents; by knowing this info accidents can be reduced in number

Identify procedures for determination of regulated waste

if its liquid or semiliquid blood or OPIM, contaminated items that would release blood/OPIM if compressed, items caked with dry blood/OPIM, contaminated sharps, pathological and microbiological waste that contains blood/OPIM

Explain when it is necessary to comply with the Bloodborne Pathogens standards

if there is an actual/reasonable anticipated risk of an exposure to blood or OPIM during routine tasks

List the inspection priorities by OSHA for the compliance division

imminent danger, catastrophes/fatal accidents, employee complaints, programmed high hazard inspections, unprogrammed, follow-up

List the four routes of entry for hazard material into the body

ingestion. inhalation, injection, absorption

Identify the types of chemicals that need to be on the hazard communication list

liquids, solids, gases, fumes, dusts, and mists

Describe the purpose of the OSHA/MIOSHA 300 Log

log that injuries and illness are recorded in

List the three requirements for a proper label

name/address/phone #; product identifier; signal word (danger/warning); hazard statement; precautionary statements; pictograms

Discuss if foods, drugs and pesticides are covered under the hazard communication

no

Identify training requirements and when training takes place

outline, qualifications of trainer, law, access to plan, annual retraining/refresher

Describe what a "PEL" is

permissible exposure limits; what levels you can be exposed to without harm

Identify who is responsible for development of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

producer or importer

Explain Post Exposure procedures

provide medical evaluation to person= blood testing/prophylaxis=prevent disease; give certain info to healthcare professionals who evaluate employees after exposure, employer should provide exposed employee with a copy of the healthcare professional's written opinion

Identify label and warning colors

red bags= BBP materials

Define and give examples of Work Practice controls

reduce exposure by work habits; ex: wearing gloves, washing hands, using sharps container, no food in BBP area

Define and give examples of Engineering controls

reduces exposure by design; ex: self sheathing needles, sharp container, sinks/water/soap/towels

Explain what information should be in each section of a Material Safety Data Sheet

sec 1: ID=product ID, manufacturer/distributors name/address/phone # sec 2: hazards ID sec 3: composition/info on ingredients sec 4: first aid measures (symptoms, treatment sec 5: fire fighting measures sec 6: accidental release measures/emergency procedures sec 7: handling/storage sec 8:exposure controls/personal protection sec 9:phys and chem properties sec 10: stability/reactivity sec 11:toxicological info (routes of exposure, symptoms sec 12: ecological info sec 13: disposal considerations sec 14: transport info sec 15: regulatory info sec 16: other info (date of last revision etc)

Define other potentially infectious material (OPIM) and give some examples

semen, vaginal secretions, amniotic fluid, CSF, perioneal fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, synovial fluid, saliva, any bodily fluid with blood

Explain the purpose of hazard communication

so you know what chemicals you are working with and how they can affect you and what measures need to be taken to protect yourself

Define the phrase "state plan state"

states own "OSHA"

Explain the scope of the Bloodborne Pathogens standards

to protect workers against possible contamination from BBP

Identify recordkeeping requirements

training, post exposure, sharps injury log

Define Universal Precautions

treat all body fluids in a healthcare setting as contaminated with a pathogen=blood and OPIM treated as infectious material

List the times and situations when training takes place for hazard communications

when you are a new hire or a new hazard presents itself

Describe the rights under the "Whistleblower" protection section of the OSH Act of 1970

workers have right to complain to OSHA and seek inspection without discrimination/getting fired