Sampling

controlled

A major concern of non-probability sampling is not ____.

expert, small

In purposive sampling, elements are selected based on ___ judgment; this is used when sample size is ____ and simple random sampling may not represent the most representative elements.

equal

In simple random sampling every unit in the population has an ____ probability of being included in the sample.

increases

In stratified sampling by diving the population into strata & independently sampling each strata, this____ the representation of strata with small proportions in the population.

b

Minimizing sampling error or the difference between sample estimates and population parameters a) Efficiency b) Accuracy c) Sampling

probability

Non-probability sampling does not specify the _____ that each element will be included in the sample; it may or may not represent the population of interest.

a

Obtaining information at acceptable costs a) Efficiency b) Accuracy c) Sampling

random

Probability samples are _____.

random

Probability sampling uses _____ procedures that are not haphazard or arbitrary.

b

Simple random sampling is used when the population is: a) Non-homogeneous b) Homogeneous

d

Support to using non-probability sampling is: a) Convenience b) Cost c) Timely d) All of the above

easier

Systematic sampling is____ to draw than a simple random sample but be cautious of cyclical patterns that may coincide with the sampling interval.

F

T/F: Convenience sampling is quick and easy and generally representative of the population.

T

T/F: In disproportional stratified sampling, one or more strata within the population may underrepresented or over represented.

T

T/F: In probability sampling the type of random procedures depends on the nature of the study population and available resources.

T

T/F: Quota sampling may use any methods to select a sample to fulfill the assigned quota.

F

T/F: Random sampling guarantees a representative sample.

c

The object about which the researcher wishes to draw conclusions based on the study a) Population b) Unit of analysis c) Sampling design

c

The process of selecting a subset of the observations from a population so the characteristics from the subset can be used to draw conclusions or make inferences about the population a) Efficiency b) Accuracy c) Sampling

a

The target to which investigators generate study results a) Population b) Unit of analysis c) Sampling design

e

Useful for studying populations that are difficult to identify or access. a) Convenience sampling b) Quota sampling c) Purposive sampling d) Stratified sampling e) Snowball sampling

c

Which is NOT a form of probability sampling? a) Simple random sampling b) Systemic sampling c) Convenience sampling d) Cluster sampling e) Stratified sampling

d

Which is NOT a method of non-probability sampling? a) Convenience sampling b) Quota sampling c) Purposive sampling d) Stratified sampling e) Snowball sampling

stratified

Which is random, quota or stratified sampling?

Convenience

____ sampling relies on available subjects, such as people met on the street, volunteers, captive audiences.

Cluster

_____ sampling breaks the population into groups or clusters & randomly selects a sample of clusters which are usually natural groupings.

Snowball

_____ sampling relies on information to identify other subjects for study inclusion, those subjects then provide leads to other possible subjects.

known, unbiased

In probability sampling, all sampling units have a ____, non-zero, probability of being selected; it is an ____ sample.

direct

In proportional stratified sampling, each strata is sampled proportional to their composition in the population; this allows for ____ generalization from the sample to the population.

a

Can make a direct generalization from the sample to the population: a) Proportional stratified sampling b) Disproportional stratified sampling

a

Can make direct generalization within each stratum: a) Proportional stratified sampling b) Disproportional stratified sampling

a

Choose the correct sample method that is described by the following: "Define the population of interest & assign a number from 1 to N, then decide the desired sample size (n); select n different random numbers between 1 and N using a random number table & collect and analyze the data" a) Simple random sampling b) Systemic sampling c) Cluster sampling d) Stratified sampling

d

Choose the correct sample method that is described by the following: "Population is divided into non-overlapping groups or categories (strata) & independent simple random samples are drawn for each stratum." a) Simple random sampling b) Systemic sampling c) Cluster sampling d) Stratified sampling

b

Choose the correct sample method that is described by the following: "Selects every kth unit after a random start where k is the sampling interval" a) Simple random sampling b) Systemic sampling c) Cluster sampling d) Stratified sampling

larger

For precise estimations, higher levels of confidence in the data and estimates require a ____ sample size.

different, more

In disproportional stratified sampling, ____ probabilities are used to sample each strata, where ____ units are sampled from strata that have a smaller proportion of the population.

unknown, biased

In non-probability sampling, the probability of selecting a sample unit is ____; it is a ____ sample.

b

Quota sampling specifies desired characteristics and selects for a sample appropriate ratios of the population that fit the characteristics; this is closest to: a) Purposive sampling b) Stratified sampling c) Systemic sampling d) Cluster sampling

b

the object about which the researcher wishes to draw conclusions based on the study. a) Population b) Unit of analysis c) Sampling design