Schlangen: Semester Two Final Exam
What does "Et tu, Brute?" mean? Why are these words significant?
"you too, Brutus?". Caesar felt that his friendship with Brutus was so sacred that if Brutus felt he should die, he must have deserved to.
"Caesar, beware of Brutus; take heed of Cassius/Come not near Casca; have an eye to Cinna."
Artimadorus
Describe Uncharted Forest, the Dawn of the Great Rebirth, and the Great Script Fires?
Men never enter the Uncharted Forest because there is no power to explore it or path. Anyone who goes into the Forest never returns, perishing from hunger or beasts (legend). The Dawn of the Great Rebirth was when the Script Fire burned all of the Evil Ones and their scripts.
Why is Mercutio's death a special insult to the Prince?
Mercutio was his relative.
Their vs They're vs There: Used to refer to a specific location, position, or time. Used to introduce a sentence of clause when the verb has no definite subject.
There
monologue
a composition, written or oral, by a single individual (with other actors on stage)
Who is Mark Antony?
a confidant and follower of Caesar. Eventually he is able to dupe Brutus by appealing to his noble idealism and able to excite the crowd to rebellion.
parody
an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.
metaphor
an implied comparison between two things that have some similarities
interjections
an interruption in the middle of a sentence or thought
What causes the major flaw to this plan?
Balthasar tells Romeo that Juliet is dead.
What sentence does the Prince pronounce upon Romeo?
Banishment
Among vs Between: Used when referring to two.
Between
At which university did Mitch and Morrie meet?
Brandeis University
"And for Antony, think not of him/For he can do no more than Caesar's arm/When Caesar's head if off."
Brutus
"As Caesar loved me, I weep for him;/As he was fortunate, I rejoice at it;/As he was valient, I honor him;/But, as he was ambitious, I slew him."
Brutus
"Caesar, now be still;/I killed thee with half so good a will."
Brutus
"Farewell to you; and you; and you...Countrymen/My heart doth joy that yet in all my life/I found no man but he was true to me."
Brutus
"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more."
Brutus
"Set honor in one eye and death in th' other,/And I will look on both indifferently;/For let the gods so speed me, as I love/The name of honor more than I fear death."
Brutus
"Stoop, Romans, stoop/And let us bathe our hands in Caesar's blood/Up to the elbows..."
Brutus
"There is a tide in the affairs of men/Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;/Omitted, all the voyage of their life/Is bound in shallows and miseries./On such a full sea are we now afloat, and we must take the current when it serves,/Or lose our ventures."
Brutus
"There is a tide in the affairs of men/Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;/Omitted, all the voyages of their life/Is bound in shallows and in miseries./On such a full sea are we now afloat, and we must take the current when it serves,/Or lose our ventures."
Brutus
"Thou has described a hot friend cooling...When love begins to sicken and decay? It useth an enforced ceremony."
Brutus
Who delivers the final stab (of 33) to Caesar?
Brutus
Who does Lucilius pretend to be?
Brutus
Who wins the argument over battle strategy?
Brutus
Does Marcus Brutus like Caesar?
Brutus likes him as a person, but he's worried his power will go to his head
Who is Lucius?
Brutus' young servant
"Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world/Like a colossus; and we petty men/Walk under his huge legs, and peep about/To find ourselves dishonorable graves."
Cassius
What is the argument between Brutus and Cassius about battle strategy?
Cassius wants to wait it out and Brutus wants to advance and attack
Who is definitely part of the conspiracy from the beginning?
Cassius, Metellus Cimber, Casca, Cinna, Trebonius, and Decius Brutus
Where did Morrie work for five years?
Chestnut Lodge -- a mental hospital
What is the only crime punishable by death in this world?
Speaking the Unspeakable Word
How does she eventually succeed?
Stabbing herself with his dagger.
Know the plot of "Alive". (full copy on edmodo)
Stranded after a plane crash in the Andes mountains, individual members of Uruguay's rugby team respond differently. Group leader Nando (Ethan Hawke) tries to keep everyone's spirits up; medical student Roberto (Josh Hamilton) diligently treats cases of frostbite and gangrene; loose cannon Antonio (Vincent Spano) gradually loses his composure. Once all available food stuffs run out, the group faces a terrible dilemma: eat one or more of their deceased teammates, or die.
What does the motive need?
Sudden pang of anger
What does Juliet threaten if forced to marry Paris?
Suicide
Who is the author of the play "Trifles"?
Susan Glaspel
Who is conducting the interview with Morrie?
Ted Koppel
What river was the Globe Theater built on?
Thames River
Than vs Then: Used to draw a comparison.
Than
What are the Council of Eugenics and the City Palace of Mating?
The Council of Eugenics assigns a man to a woman. The City Palace of Mating is where all men over 20 and all women over 18 go each spring for procreation.
What is Morrie's aphorism about being in bed?
"when you're in bed, you're dead"
Who did he marry?
Anne Hathaway
What did Morrie want inscribed on his tombstone?
"A Teacher to the Last"
Give an aphorism about love.
"Love each other or perish"
What was inscribed at the main entrance to the Globe Theater?
"Totus mundus agit histrionem" - Latin for "The whole world is a playhouse".
What is Morrie's aphorism about when to let go?
"don't let go too soon, but don't hang on too long"
What does Morrie's meditation teacher say about the distance between life and death?
"maybe the distance between life and death is not as great as you think"
What does "ides" mean?
"middle" (here, the middle of March)
What did Morrie call the book?
"the final thesis"
Give examples of irony throughout the story.
-"sherrif's wife is married to the law" but she's the one hiding evidence -women focusing on "trifle things" when really they hold the evidence --the men see the bird as insignificant when really it is the key to the crime --"nothing but kitchen things here" -- the kitchen is what held the evidence
Understand the reliability of websites and the layout of a works cited page.
....
What is the Friar's scheme for reuniting Romeo and Juliet?
1. Juliet will tell her parents she will marry Paris. 2. Then she will drink the friar's potion, which will put her in a deep sleep for 42 hours. 3. Paris will find her and think she's dead 4. The Friar will confirm that she is dead. 5. They will put her body in the family crypt. 6. The friar will inform Romeo that Juliet is alive. 7. They will retrieve Juliet and she will wake up
tragic plot pattern
1. The state of equilibrium establishes a universal moral code. 2. The inciting incident occurs when a character commits an act of shame 3. The character undergoes suffering 4. At the climax, the character achieves some insight. 5. As part of the resolution, the universal moral code is restored by some form of redemption
how to determine theme:
1. ask how the protagonist has changed 2. consider the title 2. theme should explain the whole story 4. think about the subject of the story
List the five steps on which any drama is built.
1. characters the audience cares about are placed in a desperate situation with much at stake 2. the characters have a conflict that engages them in a struggle 3. the story mounts in tension because suspense is created. 4. the story progresses to its climax, just before the outcome of the conflict is revealed 5. the main character undergoes a change under the pressure of action
When and where did Julius Caesar live?
100 BC - 44 BC in Rome
When and where was Shakespeare born?
1564; Stratford-upon-Avon
When did he die?
1616
"Ambition should be made of sterner stuff/But Brutus says he was ambitious/And Brutus is an honorable man."
Antony
"And Caesar's spirit rangin for revenge/With Ate by his side come hot from Hell,/Shall in the confines with a monarch's voice/Cry Havoc, and let slip the dogs of war."
Antony
Tybalt
A Capulet, Juliet's cousin on her mother's side. Vain, fashionable, supremely aware of courtesy and the lack of it, he becomes aggressive, violent, and quick to draw his sword when he feels his pride has been injured. Once drawn, his sword is something to be feared. He loathes Montagues.
Paris
A kinsman of the Prince, and the suitor of Juliet most preferred by Capulet. Once Capulet has promised him he can marry Juliet, he behaves very presumptuous toward, acting as if they are already married.
Mercutio
A kinsman to the Prince, and Romeo's close friend.
What do the men need?
A motive
What has taken place in the household?
A murder
"Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears."
Antony
What is Mrs. Wright making?
A quilt
How long has it been since she has seen her?
A year
"O pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth./That I am meek and gentle with these butchers!"
Antony
"This was the noblest Roman of them all/...He only in a general honest thought/and common good to all, made one of them."
Antony
Who wins the first battle?
Antony
Effect vs Affect: To have an impression, influence, or effect on something (verb).
Affect
What time of day does the play take place?
Afternoon
Allusion vs Illusion: Refers to implying or referring to something, especially in literature.
Allusion
Who are the members of the second triumvirate?
Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus
Among vs Between: Used when referring to three or more.
Among
How does Juliet first attempt to end her own life?
By kissing Romeo, hoping to get some poison from his lips.
How does she make the quilt?
By knotting
"And tell them that I will not come today;/Cannot is false; and that I dare not falser;/I will not come today."
Caesar
"But I am constant as the Northern Star/Of whose true-fixed and resting quality/There is no fellow in the firmament."
Caesar
"Cowards die many times before their deaths;/The valient never taste of death but once."
Caesar
"Et tu, Brute? Then fall Caesar."
Caesar
"Thou shalt see me at Philippi."
Caesar
What 8 people died?
Caesar, Brutus, Cassius, Titinius, Cicero, Cinna the Poet, Portia, and Young Cato
"Alas, my lord; Your wisdom is consumed in confidence/Do not go forth today..."
Calpurnia
What are the family names of the two households mentioned in the first line of the prologue?
Capulet and Montague.
"For mine own part, it was Greek to me."
Casca
"She he sits high in all the people's hearts/And that which appear offense in us/His countenance, like richest alchemy/Will change to virtue and to worthiness."
Casca
"Three or four wenches, where I stood cried, "Alas, good soul!" and forgave him with all their hearts; but there's no heed to be taken them; if Caesar had stabbed their mothers, they would have no done no less."
Casca
"The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars/But in ourselves that we are underlings"
Cassius
What do the women notice in the kitchen ?
Dirty towels and broken preserve jars
Effect vs Affect: A result or a consequence (noun).
Effect
Effect vs Affect: To bring about something (verb).
Effect
What is the significance of the word inscribed above the portal of this house in which he has chosen to live?
Ego: A person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance.
What is the thing he has created in the tunnel?
Electric light.
What is the discovery of nature that Equality makes?
Electricity.
Who was the most powerful woman in London during the late 1500s?
Elizabeth I
What do Montague and Capulet decide to do at the end?
End the feud and build statues in the other's child's honor
Describe Equality's writing. What is the format of his writing?
Equality refers to himself as "we".
Describe Equality's physical appearance.
Equality wears an iron bracelet on his left wrist with his name, Equality 7-2521, on it. He is 21 years old and 6 feet tall.
As he sits in the tunnel, what does Equality recognize as the WORD that describes the feeling that is always among his brothers?
Fear
Fewer vs Less: Used when referring to things that can be counted
Fewer
Where has Romeo gone to hide?
Friar Laurence's Cell
Hanged vs Hung: Refers to the past tense and past participle to hang (to put to death)
Hanged
Describe a typical day in Equality's life for the next four years.
He gets up when a bell rings and then has a half-hour to eat and dress. Then he goes to work in the city with his brooms and rakes. Five hours later he has a half-hour break for lunch. Five hours after that he has an hour for dinner. Then the bell rings and he walks in a straight column to one of the City Halls for the Social Meeting. Then he goes to the City Theatre for 3 hours of social recreation. Finally, he walks back Home in a straight column and goes to bed.
What other transgressions does Equality commit?
He has stolen candles, flints, knives, and paper from the Home of the Street Sweepers. He has stolen glass vials, powders, and acids from the Home of the Scholars. He has also stolen manuscripts, which is a great offense because the Home of the Clerks spend one year copying one single script.
Why does the Friar finally decide to marry Romeo and Juliet? Why is that ironic?
He hopes their marriage will end the feud. This is ironic because it is their deaths that do this.
What is Equality's curse?
He is not like everyone else.
What does Equality mean when he says, "They"?
He is speaking about another person.
Friar Laurence
He secretly marries the impassioned lovers in hopes that the union might eventually bring peace to Verona.
What is his reaction to seeing himself for the first time?
He thought he was beautiful.
Why does Romeo go to see the Friar?
He wants the Friar to marry them.
What is he subjected to there? What do you think his captors are trying to accomplish?
He was lashed. His captors were trying to get him to tell them where he had been because it is clear he is hiding something, which could prove detrimental to their society.
Why did Mitch write the story?
He was one of Morrie's old students. They became more than teacher and student -- they became friends
Why is he taken to the Palace of Corrective Detention?
He will not tell the Council of the Home where he has been.
How is he going to make his gift known?
He will present his discovery to the World Council of Scholars.
Who is Mrs. Hale to Mrs. Wright?
Her neighbor
What two events allow Mrs. Peters to sympathize with Mrs. Wright?
Her toddler's death (she knows what it feels like to not want to move, and to be "still"). Her cat's death by hatchet.
What does Mrs. Hale do to the evidence?
Hides the bird in her pocket
Romeo speaks and reveals his love for Juliet. What does he tell her helped him climb the garden walls?
His love for Juliet.
Hanged vs Hung: Refers to the past tense and past participle of hang (to suspend)
Hung
An anthem is a song or hymn of praise or gladness; what is the ONE word of Equality's anthem? How is this tied in with the Unspeakable Word?
I: This was probably the Unspeakable Word because it embodies individuality.
Allusion vs Illusion: Refers to a misleading image, object, or idea that does not exist as it appears.
Illusion
Imply vs Infer: To suggest something without specifically stating it.
Imply
What is the bird in?
In a box, wrapped in silk
Where is Mrs. Wright found?
In her rocker
Where does most of the play take place?
In the kitchen
The Prince, Montague, and the Capulets arrive. There are numerous questions. What startling news does Montague announce?
Lady Montague died because of Romeo's banishment.
Imply vs Infer: To draw a conclusion about something that hasn't been directly stated.
Infer
Describe International 4-8818?
International is tall and strong. His eyes are like fireflies, and no one can look upon him without smiling. As such, he was disliked at the Home of the Students. He used to draw funny pictures with coal on the walls.
What effect does Paris's dying request have on Romeo?
It makes him look to see whom he killed.
What happened to the bird?
It's neck was wrung
haiku
Japanese poem of seventeen syllables, in three lines of five, seven, and five, traditionally evoking images of the natural world
Which lover uses images of birds and flowers?
Juliet
Nurse
Juliet's faithful confidante and loyal intermediary in Juliet's affair with Romeo.
Lady Capulet
Juliet's mother, Capulet's wife. A woman who herself married young (by her own estimation she gave birth to Juliet at close to the age of fourteen), she is eager to see her daughter marry Paris. She is an ineffectual mother, relying on the Nurse for moral and pragmatic support.
Lord Capulet
The patriarch of the Capulet family, father of Juliet, husband of Lady Capulet, and enemy, for unexplained reasons, of Montague.
Lie vs Lay: When the object is being laid down (object
Lay
Fewer vs Less: Used when referring to uncountable and usually abstract nouns.
Less
Lie vs Lay: When the object is laying itself down. (people)
Lie
What is being celebrated at the beginning of Act I Scene I?
Lupercal
Many vs Much: Refers to things that can be counted.
Many
Many vs Much: Used when referring to a large but definite number.
Many
"You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things."
Marullus
How was Mrs. Wright described before marriage ?
Minnie Foster; liked pretty dresses; sang in the church choir
Who wrote "Tuesdays with Morrie"?
Mitch Albom
Janine
Mitch's wife; professional singer
Peter
Mitch's younger brother; lives in Spain; very ill
Benvolio
Montague's nephew, Romeo's cousin and thoughtful friend, he makes a genuine effort to defuse violent scenes in public places, though Mercutio accuses him of having a nasty temper in private. He spends most of the play trying to help Romeo get his mind off Rosaline, even after Romeo has fallen in love with Juliet.
Connect "aphorism" to the story.
Morrie used aphorisms throughout the book to reinforce his lessons. (know at least 2-3 aphorisms just in case!)
Who's idea was the book?
Morrie's
Charlie
Morrie's dispassionate father
Connie
Morrie's health care provider
Eva
Morrie's loving stepmother
Jon
Morrie's son; works in Massachusetts
Rob
Morrie's son; works in Tokyo
Charlotte
Morrie's wife of 40 years
David
Morrie's younger brother who suffered from polio
What motto is engraved over the portals of the Palace of the World Council? What prayer is recited every night?
Motto: "We are one in all and all in one. There are no men but only the great we, one, indivisible, and forever." Prayer: "We are nothing. Mankind is all. By the grace of our brothers are we allowed our lives. We exist through, by and for our brothers who are the State. Amen."
Who wants Mr. Wright to go on a party telephone line?
Mr. Hale
What do Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters realize?
Mrs. Wright is the murderer
Many vs Much: Refers to things that can not be counted.
Much
Many vs Much: Used when referring to something great in quantity, amount, extent, or degree.
Much
Are paraphrasing and summarizing the same thing?
NO
open-ended questions
NOT yes/no questions; ones that require thought and logic
Does Mrs. Wright move or show emotion ?
No
Is the kitchen neat?
No, it is gloomy and sloppy
"Look, I draw a sword against conspirators...till Caesar's three-and-thirty wounds/Be well avenged"
Octavius
What is she doing ?
Pleating her apron
"Think you no stronger than my sex being so husbanded?"
Portia
What is the significance of the names Equality chooses for them?
Prometheus: Brought the light of the gods to the world just as Equality brought electricity back into the world. Both of them were punished for doing this. Gaea: Gaea was the mother of the gods just as Liberty will be the mother of a new generation that embraces individuality.
Rise vs Raise: Use when the object is being risen by another force. (transitive)
Raise
Be able to label the parts of a stage.
Remember it's named from the actor's point of view. We have a handout from the beginning of the semester that goes over the parts of the stage
Who funded the Globe Theater?
Richard Burbage
Rise vs Raise: Use when the object is lifting itself. (intransitive)
Rise
Which lover uses images of light?
Romeo
What two tragic discoveries does Friar Lawrence make when he enters the tomb?
Romeo and Paris are dead.
Tybalt flees after he wounds Mercutio. When he returns, what happens?
Romeo kills him.
Balthasar
Romeo's dedicated servant, who brings Romeo the news of Juliet's death, unaware that her death is a ruse.
Lord Montague
Romeo's father, the patriarch of the Montague clan and bitter enemy of Capulet. At the beginning of the play, he is chiefly concerned about Romeo's melancholy.
Lady Montague
Romeo's mother, Montague's wife. She dies of grief after Romeo is exiled from Verona.
What is the significance of the Golden One saying, "I love you"?
She can now say what she wanted to say before.
How does Mrs. Hale feel about how she treated Mrs. Wright?
She feels she has committed a crime against her
What does this show about Mrs. Wright ?
She had strong hands
Who is Liberty 5-3000? Why is Equality attracted to her and what does she do?
She is a woman who lives at the Home of the Peasants. Equality is attracted to her because she is very beautiful. She has dark eyes that have no fear, kindness, or guilt and golden hair that defied men to restrain it.
What excuse does Juliet give for going to Friar Lawrence's cell?
She says she is going to confession.
How does Juliet first react when she learns Romeo has killed Tybalt?
She thinks Romeo deceived her.
How do you explain Liberty's reaction after saying..."We love you"?
She wants to say "I love you" but doesn't know how.
What does Juliet plan to do now?
She will see if the Friar can help her. If not, she'll commit suicide.
Where was Mrs. Wright when her husband was killed?
Sleeping next to him
What are the things in the house that puzzle them at first because they are different from the city they left behind?
Small Rooms, Colors, Mirrors, Light Bulbs (lots), Only Two Beds, Colorful Garments, Library.
"Beware the Ides of March"
Soothsayer
Describe the fire of 1613.
The Globe Theatre burnt down in 1613 when a special effect on stage went wrong. A cannon used for a performance of Henry VIII set light to the thatched roof and the fire quickly spread, reportedly taking less than two hours to burn down completely.
Compare the Home of the Infants, the Home of the Students, and the Home of the Street Sweepers.
The Home of the Infants is where citizens stay from the time they are born until they are five. The sleeping halls were white, clean, and empty besides for 100 beds. Citizens spend 10 years learning at the Home of the Students. The sleeping halls were the same. The Home of the Street Sweepers is a gray house on a narrow street. The sleeping halls are the same.
Prince Escalus
The Prince of Verona. A kinsman of Mercutio and Paris. As the seat of political power in Verona, he is concerned about maintaining the public peace at all costs.
How does the Prince intend to punish anyone who disturbs the peace again?
The Prince will kill them.
What does he now see as his future?
The Saint of the Pyre chose him as his heir to continue on in their cause to change society.
What does the attorney want to see?
What the women will bring Mrs. Wright in jail
Juliet
The daughter of Capulet and Lady Capulet.
What is wrong with the birdcage?
The door is broken off the hinge
Why is it easy for him to escape from his confinement?
The locks are old and there are no guards; no one has ever defied the Councils so far as to escape from the place they ordered them to be.
What is Friar Lawrence's special skill or area of knowledge?
The medicinal properties of plants.
Their vs They're vs There: The third person plural pronoun that indicates a possession or relationship.
Their
What effect will their deaths have on their parents' quarrel?
Their deaths will end it.
in-text citations
The purpose of an MLA in-text citation, sometimes called a parenthetical reference, is to help readers easily find the sources in the Works Cited page that correspond to your referenced passage.
How does Romeo learn about the party at the Capulet's?
The servant Lord Capulet sent to tell people about the party cannot read, so he asked Romeo to read the guest list to him.
Than vs. Then: Used to refer to time/at that time.
Then
Romeo
The son and heir of Montague and Lady Montague.
Know the plot of "Swimming to Antarctica". (full copy on edmodo)
The story of Lynne Cox -- a well trained swimmer who crossed a 1 mile strip of icy cold waters around Antarctica in only a swimsuit.
How do the men react to this discovery of "knotting" the quilt?
The women are ridiculed
Who lives in the Home of the Peasants?
The women who have been assigned to work in the soil.
What is their reaction when he shows them his discovery?
They are afraid.
What does he think of as the good that can come from this discovery?
They can light all the cities of the world with nothing but metal and wires.
Their vs They're vs There: The contraction of they and are.
They're
When does "Anthem" take place - in the past, present, or future? How do you know?
This novel takes place in the future because Equality describes a society unlike anything the world has yet seen: a society in which everyone is equal.
Know the plot of "Blind to Faith". (full copy on edmodo)
Time magazine article that describes Erik Weihenmayer's journey up Mount Everest -- as a blind man.
To vs Too:Used with verbs to form the infinitive or as a preposition expressing movement towards something.
To
To vs Too: Used to show an extensive degree or as a synonym of also.
Too
What day will they meet? Why is this significant?
Tuesdays; that was they day most of their courses were held when they were at Brandeis
Where is Mr. Wright?
Upstairs, with a rope around his neck
What city is the setting of Romeo and Juliet?
Verona
Who vs Whom: Used when it is the subject of a sentence or a predicate noun. (=he)
Who
Whose vs Who's: The contraction of who is.
Who's
Who vs Whom: Used when it is the direct object, the indirect object, or the object of a preposition. (=him)
Whom
Whose vs Who's: A pronoun expressing possession.
Whose
extended metaphor
a comparison of two things commonly used multiple times throughout a piece
Connect "altruism" to the story.
You could connect altruism to the main characters and their relationship. Morrie for his unconditional giving and love. Mitch for his love of Morrie.
What does Morrie say that, through his disease, he gets to be again?
a baby
What did Mitch give Morrie on graduation day?
a briefcase with his initials
dynamic character
a character who changes in an important way
static character
a character who does not change
stock character
a character who is stereotyped (the nerd, tough guy, weird scientist, etc.)
dead metaphor
a common metaphor; overused
aside
a device in which a character in a drama makes a short speech which is heard by the audience but not by other characters in the play
Lou Gehrig
a famous baseball player who battled ALS
What did Mitch dream of becoming after college?
a famous musician
oxymoron
a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction
What is a soothsayer?
a fortune teller
Who is Voluminus?
a friend of Brutus and a soldier under his command who refuses to hold a sword for Brutus to impale himself on
If Morrie was reincarnated, what would he want to come back as?
a gazelle
stanza
a grouped set of lines within a poem
epic ballad
a hero story in poem form
tragic hero
a literary character who makes a decision that leads to his/her own destruction
Define aphorism
a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."
pun
a play on words wherein a word is used to convey two meanings at the same time
comedy
a literary work which is amusing and ends happily (A Midsummer Night's Dream)
protagonist
a main character who is involved in the central conflict of the story
Who is Cinna, the poet?
a man killed by a mob because he was confused with Cinna the conspirator
iambic pentameter
a meter commonly used in poetry consisting of an unrhymed line with five accents (feet), each foot containing an unaccented syllable and an accented syllable.
caesura
a pause in poetry; this impacts rhythm
character
a person or animal who takes part in the action of a work of literature
antagonist
a person or force that opposes the protagonist in the story
noun
a person, place, or thing
primary source
a piece of evidence which was created or written at the actual time that the event took place (ie: a science report written as the experiment was taking place)
blank verse
a poem written in unrhymed iambic pentameter
Who is Cicero?
a senator who met Casca preceding the day of the assassination. The triumvirs have him put to death.
rising action
a series of complications arise. Here we learn the conflict
Who is Casca?
a shrewd cynical poser who has an outward boorish appearance to obscure his true intentions. He is the first to stab Caesar.
Who is Messala?
a soldier serving under Brutus and Cassius. He discovers Cassius' body.
secondary source
a source of information like the news, a book, an interview, etc. that was written after the event under research took place
narrative
a spoken or written account of events
epic
a story about a hero
How did the interviewer learn about Morrie?
a story about him in the Boston Globe
non-fiction
a true story with factual events, people, and places.
tragedy
a type of drama which is preeminently the story of one person, a hero. the story depicts the troubled part of the hero's life. (Romeo and Juliet)
Explain Morrie's metaphor about waves and the ocean.
a wave that fears hitting the shore was told he was not just a wave, but a part of the ocean so he had no reason to fear
preposition
a word expressing relation between nouns and other elements of the sentence
pronouns
a word that can function itself as a noun (I, you, her, it)
adjective
a word that describes a noun
conjunctions
a word used to connect two clauses or sentences (and, if, but)
autobiography
a work of literature about a real person, written by that person
biography
a written work of literature about a real person
informal essay
allows the use of personal pronouns; more in line with "jotting things down" rather than writing an essay
verb
an action
When asked what his perfect "last day" would be, what did Morrie describe?
an average day with a normal routine
Who is Publius?
an elderly senator who escorts Caesar to the Capitol.
personification
an element in which a thing, idea, or animal is given human attributes
mood
an element that evokes certain feelings or vibes through words and descriptions
allusion
an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference
Who is Titinius?
an oficer in the army commanded by Cassius and Brutus. He kills himself in emulation of Cassius.
drama
any work designed to be presented by actors on a stage
pathos
appealing to your audience's emotions
connotations
associated words with a subject (bus -- school, yellow, loud, etc.)
kairos
building a sense of urgency for your cause
man vs. supernatural
conflict between a character and a supernatural
man vs. nature
conflict between man and nature
man vs. society
conflict between man and society
man vs. man
conflict between two characters
internal conflict
conflict in your head
external conflict
conflict that involves other people or events
man vs. self
conflict within a character's own mind
What was one of the hardest things for Morrie to lose the ability to do?
dance -- he loved dancing
What handicap does Caesar reveal to Antony?
deafness in his left ear
Mitch's Uncle
died of pancreatic cancer; forever changed Mitch's outlook on life
cacophony
disjuncture of words; words that don't sound good together (Irish wristwatch)
transfer
employs the use of symbols, quotes, or the images of famous people to convey a message
What sickness does Caesar have?
epilepsy
big names
experts and important people that support your side of the argument
paraphrasing
express the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity
objective
fact
Ted Koppel
famous interviewer who conducted interviews for television with Morrie
soliloquy
in drama, a moment when a character is alone and speaks his or her thoughts aloud (without other actors on stage)
When were performances held?
in the afternoon
stock character
flat characters that fit common roles (police, teachers, thugs, doctors)
According to Brutus, why is it necessary that Caesar be killed?
for the good of Rome
Mitch
former student of Morrie's; conducts interviews for memoir and for own personal knowledge
quatrain
four lines of poetry
sonnet format
fourteen lines; rhyme scheme : ABABCDCDEFEFGG
What does Artemidorus plan to do?
give Caesar a letter warning him of the conspirator plans
summarizing
give a brief statement of the main points of (something)
exposition
gives background information on character and setting
hyperbole
gross exaggeration
Does Morrie embrace aging or despise it?
he embraces it
Who is Artemidorus?
he gives Caesar a letter as the emperor enters the Capitol telling him the conspirators plan. Caesar never read the letter
What happens to Lucilius?
he is captured because he was believed to be Brutus. But, he is spared because the captive army admires his loyalty.
What happens to Cinna the poet? Why?
he is killed by a mob who confused him with Cinna the conspirator. Even once they found that he was not the same Cinna, they killed him out of pure anger
Who is M. Aemilius Lepidus?
he joins Antony and Octavius to form the Second Triumvirate to rule the Roman Empire following the assassination of Caesar.
Why does Cassius kill himself?
he knows he will lose the battle and he feels guilt
According to Brutus' speech to the commoners, what restrictions does he give for Caesar's death?
he made it clear that Rome was above Caesar in his heart and he feared Rome would suffer if Caesar remained in charge
What disease does Morrie have? What happens during this disease?
he suffers from ALS. Nerve cells disintegrate and muscles lose function
What is Caesar's opinion of himself?
he thinks he is a fair ruler who makes the most just decisions
What did Morrie want with his remains?
he wanted to be cremated
Who is the Soothsayer?
he warned Caesar to "beware the Ides of March"
Who is Marcus Brutus?
he was a judicial magistrate of Rome who joined the conspiracy because he feared Caesar would become a tyrant. He commits suicide.
Who is Pompey? Why is he important?
he was a member of the Triumvirate and political rival of Caesar. His assassination led to the countless reports of Caesar being "ambitious"
For what reason did his name first appear?
he was attacked by a fellow playwriter
resolution
here, we see the characters go on with their lives after the conflict has been solved
What has Caesar left the Romans in his will?
his gardens and 75 drachmas to every Roman in the city
How does Brutus die?
his men hold his sword and he runs into it
What serious experience changes Mitch's plans for the future and his career?
his uncle's death from pancreatic cancer
dialogue
in drama, a conversation between characters
persuasion
in writing, the urging of the speaker to get the reader to do something
Where does Caesar's dead body lie? How is this ironic?
it lies at the statue of Pompey. This is ironic because Caesar defeated Pompey and is now dead at the foot of his statue
What about Morrie's father's death helped him in his later stages of life?
it prepared him for his own untimely death
What was significant about Morrie's funeral?
it was on a Tuesday
Describe the architecture of the Globe Theater.
it was round and resembled the Coliseum in Rome. It inspired the common-day amphitheater
What was significant about the flag outside the globe theater?
it would signify what type of play was being performed that day
figurative language
language that contains or uses figures of speech
What does Morrie say always wins?
love
Morrie
main character, suffering ALS
ethos
making yourself seem trustworthy and believable
complications
minor events that throw twists into the plot leading up to the conflict
What was the law regarding women in theaters?
no woman could be on stage and they could only attend the play if accompanied by a man
synecdoche
one part to represent a whole
subjective
opinion
name-calling
opposite of glittering generalities. this ties a person or cause to a largely perceived negative image
Who or what is the antagonist of this story?
physically, it is the conspirators. But the greed and desire for power was the true antagonist.
Describe play-going in the 1590's
plays were hours long with no intermissions or bathrooms
lyric
poetry written in a first person point of view that allows the reader to glimpse inside the speaker's head
What did Morrie's brother suffer from?
polio
persuasive writing
presenting reasons and examples to influence action or thought.
expository writing
presenting reasons, explanations, or steps in a process
plain folks
propagandists use this approach to convince the audience that the spokesperson is from humble origins, someone they can trust, and who has their interests at heart
What color was reserved for royalty?
purple
apostrophe
referencing someone not present (usually dead)
consonance
repetition of consonant sounds
assonance
repetition of vowel sounds
connotation
secondary meaning of a word -- how it makes you feel
Mitch can be described as ___________.
selfish
Morrie can be described as _________.
selfless
Who are Varro and Claudius?
servants of Brutus
Who are Clitus and Dardanius?
servants of Brutus who refuse his request to kill him
verisimilitude
setting that can give the story a kind of truth or believability
How does Portia prove her strength to Brutus?
she stabs herself in the thigh and does not scream or complain
What did Janene do for Morrie that caused him to cry?
she sung-- she's a professional singer
How does Portia die?
she swallows hot coals because she knows her husband is doomed
symbol
something in the literary work which maintains its own meaning while at the same time standing for something broader than itself
folk ballad
song passed down; teaches a lesson
narrative writing
telling a story (usually about something that happened to you) in such a way that he audience learns a lesson or gains insight.
omniscient point of view
the "all-knowing" point of view.
What significant event was taking place at this time?
the OJ Simpson trial
Who is Octavius Caesar?
the adopted son and heir of Julius Caesar. He and Antony lead the army that defeats Cassius and Brutus.
tone
the attitude a writer takes toward the reader, a subject, or a character
imagery
the author's use of vivid and descriptive language to add depth to his or her work
Define altruism
the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others
Who is Cassius?
the brother-in-law of Brutus who joined the conspiracy and recruited Brutus to join. He argued that Antony should be killed as well. He commits suicide when he mistakenly believes Brutus has been defeated.
testimonial
the celebrity endorsement of a philosophy, movement, or candidate
simile
the comparison of one thing with another using "like" or "as"
climax
the conflict is solved. This is the point of greatest emotional intensity.
Who is Metellus Cimber?
the conspirator who attracts Caesar's attention by requesting his brother's banishment be repealed.
Who is Decius Brutus?
the conspirator who persuades Caesar to attend the Senate on the day of the Ides of March.
Who is Cinna?
the conspirator who urges Cassius to bring Brutus into the conspiracy
Who is Julius Caesar?
the emperor of Rome who is superstitious, easily flattered, and ambitious to become the king of the Roman state. He is assassinated midway through the play.
Who is Caius Ligarius?
the final member of the conspiracy who promised to do anything Brutus desired of him.
Who is Trebonius?
the first of the conspirators to second Brutus' argument that Antony be spared.
onomatopoeia
the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named
What unexpected visitor does Brutus see when everyone is asleep?
the ghost of Caesar
What is the audiovisual?
the interview between Morrie and Ted Koppel
denotation
the literal meaning of a word
Who is Strato?
the loyal servant who holds Brutus' sword so that he may commit suicide.
theme
the main idea the author is trying to express about life or human nature.
first person point of view
the narrator speaks as "I"; only one person tells the story
pronoun antecedent
the noun that the pronoun replaces (Sally ate cake. ----- She ate cake. -- Sally is the pronoun antecedent)
Who is Lucilius?
the officer who impersonates Brutus at the second battle of Philippi. Antony protects him, admiring his loyalty
speaker
the one telling the story
rhyme scheme
the ordered pattern of rhymes at the end of verses
rhythm
the pattern of stressed/unstressed syllables in a poem
What were "groundlings" and how much did it cost them to attend a play?
the people who stood at the bottom of the stage, one penny
bandwagon
the propaganda puts forth the idea that everyone is doing this or everyone supports this, so should you
tragic flaw
the quality within a hero that leads to his or her downfall (many times, pride)
dramatic irony
the reader or audience knows something that a character in the story or play does not know
alliteration
the repetition of beginning sounds/letters
Who is Popilius Lena?
the senator who wishes Cassius well in his "enterprise" as Caesar enters the Senate House
plot
the sequence of events that make up a story
Who is Pindarus?
the servant that kills Cassius, upon request, with the sword which helped slay Caesar.
Who is Young Cato?
the son of Marcus Cato, brother of Portia, and brother-in-law of Caesar who was a soldier in the army commanded by Brutus and Cassius. He dies while trying to inspire the army by loudly proclaiming his family name.
narration
the telling of a story
setting
the time and place in which the events of a literary work take place
description
the use of adjectives to explain the look, feel, taste, smell, or sound of something
foreshadowing
the use of clues to hint at important plot developments that are to follow in a story or drama
comic relief
the use of humor to lighten a serious or tragic story's mood
satire
the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.
Who is Portia?
the wife of Brutus and daughter of Marcus Cato. She has signs of issues and commits suicide when she realizes her husband is doomed.
Who is Calpurnia?
the wife of Julius Caesar. She urges him to stay at home the day of the assassination.
indirect characterization
the writer makes us figure out the character for ourselves
verbal irony
the writer or speaker says one thing and means something entirely different
situational irony
the writer shows a discrepancy between the expected result of some action and its actual result
direct characterization
the writer tells us explicitly what kind of person the character is
round character
these characters are complex and have many different traits
flat character
these characters only have one or two personality traits that can be summed up in a single phrase
What is the mood of the crowd during Brutus' speech?
they come to agree with Brutus
How did Morrie and Mitch finally say goodbye?
they cried, hugged, kissed, and Morrie said "Okay then?" and Mitch replied "Okay then"
glittering generalities
this approach is closely related to what is happening in transfer. here, a generally accepted virtue is employed to stir up favorable emotions
falling action
this wraps up the story by giving a final unraveling of the complication
How many times was Caesar offered the crown?
three times
How did clothing show status?
through colors (common folk -- earthly colors; rich folk -- vibrant colors)
What does the soothsayer warn Caesar of?
to "beware the ides of March"
Why did Mitch write the book?
to help pay for the medical bills
What favor does Antony ask of the conspirators?
to speak at Caesar's funeral
Who are Flavius and Marullus?
tribunes who seek to protect the plebians from Caesar's tyranny
couplet
two lines of poetry with the same meter
formal essay
typically five-paragraphs; complete with a thesis statement and fully responding to the prompt given
Where does Morrie want to be buried?
under a tree, overlooking a pond, on a hill
logos
using logic, numbers, and facts to support your argument
research
using studies and info to make your argument seem more convincing; use words, graphs, tables, illustrations
free verse
when poems don't have a rhyme scheme
dramatic irony
when the audience knows something the characters do not
second person point of view
when the speaker uses "you" and speaks directly to the reader
slant rhyme
when words almost rhyme, but do not quite
exact rhyme
when words rhyme exactly (cat, bat, rat)
onomatopoeia
words that describe sounds
third person point of view
writer tells the story from the vantage point of one character in the story
