Sci quiz questions to study
What exactly is a chain reaction? View Available Hint(s)for Part A A reaction that is self-sustaining.A reaction that repeats itself.A set of parallel reactions.A reaction in which the products of one reaction initiate subsequent reactions.
.A reaction in which the products of one reaction initiate subsequent reactions.
How is sublimation different from evaporation? Evaporation is the transformation of a solid to a gas, while sublimation is the transformation of a gas to a solid.Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid to a gas, while sublimation is the transformation of a solid to a gas.Evaporation is the transformation of a gas to a liquid, while sublimation is the transformation of a solid to a gas.Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid to a gas, while sublimation is the evaporation that occurs beneath the surface of the liquid.
.Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid to a gas, while sublimation is the transformation of a solid to a gas
Which occupies the greatest volume−−1 gram of ice, 1 gram of liquid water, or 1 gram of water vapor? 1 gram of ice1 gram of liquid water1 gram of water vapor
1 gram of wayer vap
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 yearsyears. In a plant fossil, you find that the 14C14C has decayed to 1/4.00 of the original amount. How long ago was this plant alive?
1.15×104 yearsyears
Remains of a tree are found in an archeological site that was believed to have been built thousands of years ago. Carbon 14 dating is used to approximate the age of the treee. How old is the wood estimated to be if the sampe contains 25% of the amount of carbon 14, one would find in a living tree. The half life for c-14 is 5730:
11460
How many protons are in aluminum:
13
How many groups are in the periodic table?
18
How many electrons are in titanium:
22
How many neutrons are in argon:
22
Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 MHz is 30 m.0.3 m.3.0 m.300 m.none of the above
3 m
How many periods are in the periodic table?
7
How does a chemist define a "pure" material? View Available Hint(s)for Part A A material recently created.A material of natural origin.A material consisting of only one element or compound.A material whose color is unique.
A material consisting of only one element or compound
What is a chemical property? Any attribute of a substance that describes the look or feel of a substance, such as color, hardness, density, texture, or phase.A property that characterizes the ability of a substance to react with other substances or to transform from one substance into another.A force of attraction between two atoms that holds them together within a compound.Any change in a substance that involves a rearrangement of the way atoms are bonded.
A property that characterizes the ability of a substance to react with other substances or to transform from one substance into another
What is the difference between an element and a compound? An element is made up of only one type of atom. A compound is made up of different types of atoms.An element is made up of only one type of compound. A compound is made up of different types of atoms.A compound is made up of only one type of atom. An element is made up of different types of atoms.
An element is made up of only one type of atom.A compound is made up of different types of atoms.
How does an ion differ from an atom? An ion is electrically neutral; an atom has a net electrical charge.An ion has a negative net electrical charge; an atom has a positive net electrical charge.An ion has a positive net electrical charge; an atom has a negative net electrical charge.An ion has a net electrical charge; an atom is electrically neutral.
An ion has a net electrical charge; an atom is electrically neutral.
What is a physical property? A force of attraction between two atoms that holds them together within a compound.Any change in a substance that involves a rearrangement of the way atoms are bonded.Any attribute of a substance that describes the look or feel of a substance, such as color, hardness, density, texture, or phase.A property that characterizes the ability of a substance to react with other substances or to transform from one substance into another.
Any attribute of a substance that describes the look or feel of a substance, such as color, hardness, density, texture, or phase.
A cat can hear sound frequencies up to 70,000 Hz. Bats send and receive ultrahigh-frequency squeaks up to 120,000 Hz. Which hears sound of shorter wavelengths—cats or bats?
Bats, seeing as they hear at a higher frequency and we know that higher frequencies have shorter wavelengths
The element bromine, BrBr (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar abundance, both around 50%. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the periodic table as 79.904 amuamu. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers for these two bromine isotopes. Br−79Br−81, Br−80 Br−81, Br−79 Br−80,
Br−79 Br−81
What is the definition of chemistry? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Chemistry is the study of chemicals, which are compounds made of atoms and molecules.Chemistry is the applied science of matter and energy.Chemistry is the branch of science arising from the study of the physics of the atom.Chemistry is the study of matter and the transformations it can undergo.
Chemistry is the study of matter and the transformations it can undergo.
What changes during a chemical reaction? During a chemical reaction, new materials are formed by a change in the way atoms are bonded together.During a chemical reaction, a substance changes its phase.During a chemical reaction, a substance changes its phase or some other physical property, but not its chemical composition.
During a chemical reaction, new materials are formed by a change in the way atoms are bonded together
Which elements tend to form ionic bonds? Metallic elements tend to form ionic bonds.Nonmetallic elements (including hydrogen), with the exception of the noble-gas elements, tend to form ionic bonds.Elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table tend to form ionic bonds.Elements that are found on opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form ionic bonds.
Elements that are found on opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form ionic bonds.
How did Galileo disprove Aristotle's idea that heavy objects fall faster than light objects? Galileo showed the falseness of Aristotle's claim using experimentation.Galileo demonstrated logical inconsistencies in Aristotle's idea.
Galileo showed the falseness of Aristotle's claim using experimentation
Which of the folllowing can be verified using scientific methods:
How matter behaves under certain circumstances
Which is the oldest element?
Hydrogen
Stare at a piece of colored paper for 45 seconds or so. Then look at a plain white surface. What do you see now?
I stared at a purple piece of paper and then when I looked at the plain white paper it appeared more yellow than usual.
Distinguish between mass number and atomic mass. Mass number is the number of nucleons in an isotope. Atomic mass, expressed in atomic mass units, is the average mass of the element's various isotopes. Mass number is the number of neutrons in an isotope. Atomic mass, expressed in atomic mass units, is the total mass of an atom.Atomic mass is the number of nucleons in an isotope. Mass number, expressed in atomic mass units, is the average mass of the element's various isotopes.Atomic mass and mass number are the same quantities.
Mass number is the number of nucleons in an isotope. Atomic mass, expressed in atomic mass units, is the average mass of the element's various isotopes.
What is the molecular formula for ammonium nitrate? View Available Hint(s)for Part B NH4NO3NH4NO3NH4NO−3NH4NO3−NH3NO4NH3NO4NH4NO2NH4NO2
NH4NO3
What is wrong with the following depiction of a chemical reaction? One box contains more atoms than the other.These boxes contain only molecules but no atoms.One box contains more molecules than the other.all of the above
One box contains more atoms than the other
If you place a Styrofoam cup on the table and a bunch of BBs move around it randomly, what will happen to the cup, and why? View Available Hint(s)for Part C The cup will move randomly in different directions because the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions.The cup will move steadily in one direction because of the uniform force exerted by the BBs pushing it in that direction.The cup will not move, because it is much larger than the BBs.
The cup will move randomly in different directions because the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions
Why doesn't the temperature of melting ice rise as the ice is heated?
The heat is consumed in breaking hydrogen bonds, the heat transitions the physical state of the ice rather than increasing the ice's temperature.
How are the particles in a solid arranged differently from the particles in a liquid? The particles in a liquid have no fixed position and can slip past one another. The particles in a solid are held together in some fixed three-dimensional arrangement.The particles in a liquid have no fixed position and can slip past one another. The particles in a solid are widely separated from one another and move at high average speeds.The particles in a liquid are held together in some fixed three-dimensional arrangement. The particles in a solid are widely separated from one another and move at high average speeds.The particles in a liquid are held together in some fixed three-dimensional arrangement. The particles in a solid have no fixed position and can slip past one another.
The particles in a liquid have no fixed position and can slip past one another. The particles in a solid are held together in some fixed three-dimensional arrangement
Distinguish between an atom and an element. The term "atom" is used for submicroscopic particles in a sample. "Atoms" consist of "elements." The "element" is another term for the "elementary particle. "The term "element" is used for microscopic and macroscopic samples. The samples consist of "atoms." The "atom" is a submicroscopic particle in a sample." Atom" and "element" are convertible terms.
The term "element" is used for microscopic and macroscopic samples. The samples consist of "atoms." The "atom" is a submicroscopic particle in a sample.
What is meant by the term supernatural? Does science deal with the supernatural? The term supernatural literally means "within nature." Science deals with the supernatural because it works within nature, not above it. The term supernatural literally means "above nature." Science deals with the supernatural because it also works above nature, not only within it. The term supernatural literally means "above nature." Science does not deal with the supernatural because it works within nature, not above it. The term supernatural literally means "within nature." Science does not deal with the supernatural because it works above nature, not within it.
The term supernatural literally means "above nature." Science does not deal with the supernatural because it works within nature, not above it.
Distinguish between an atom and an element. "Atom" and "element" are the same terms, but "atom" tends to be used most often for submicroscopic samples.There are few types of atoms, which are submicroscopic. Elements, which can be macroscopic or microscopic, are made up of atoms.There are many types of atoms, which are macroscopic and made up of elements, which in turn can be macroscopic or microscopic.
There are few types of atoms, which are submicroscopic. Elements, which can be macroscopic or microscopic, are made up of atoms.
How many more electrons can fit in the valence shell of a fluorine atom?
There is only room for one more electron in the valence shell of a fluorine atom.
Why is the rusting of iron considered to be a chemical change? In this process the chemical composition of the substance does not change. Iron and rust consist of the same molecules.This process involves a rearrangement of the way atoms are bonded. Iron and rust are two different materials, each consisting of a different arrangement of atoms.None of the above.
This process involves a rearrangement of the way atoms are bonded. Iron and rust are two different materials, each consisting of a different arrangement of atoms
List several common transition metals. View Available Hint(s)for Part A Sodium, potassium, and rubidium.Tungsten, platinum, and iron.Actinium, plutonium, and uranium.Gallium, lead, and indium.
Tungsten, platinum, and iron
Scientific law differs from a scientific theory in that
a law is descriptive and can be regarded as a secondary cause
When 14 c decays :
a neutron becomes a proton 14 7 neutron.
In a nuclear fission chain reaction the decays of a radioactive atom will realease:
a neutron, cause another atom to decay
The purpose of experimentation is to test
a particular hypothesis
Which statement best explains the change that occurred in the radio active decay:
a proton turned into a neutron
A theory in science is View Available Hint(s)for Part A an educated guess.forever true.an agreement between trained investigators.a synthesis of well-tested ideas.
a system of well tested ideas
Match each description to a type of radiation. mass 4amu mass 1/2000 amu mass 0 amu chage -1 charge +2 Charge 0 deepest pen least penetration medium pen
a: - mass 4 - charge +2 - least pen B: - mass 1/2000 - charge -1 - medium pen g: - mass 0 - charge 0 - most pen
God is which of the following immaterial, timeless, dependable, omciscient
all of the above
Science does not addresses which of the following value, morality, and purpose and meaning. all of the above
all of the above
Which type of radiation consists of a helium nucleus:
alpha
Which of the following types of radiation can be stopped by aluminum foil:
alpha and beta
A sodium atom which normally would be neutral now has a positive charge. This change occurred because:
an electron was removed from the atom
What is the name of the ionic compound BaCO3?
barium carbonatte
Physical science includes all except
biology
Place the following in order of size from largest to smallest: molecule, atom, proton, cell
cell, molecule, atom, proton
Photons found in a beam of sunlight have (x) of energy and travel at (x)
cifferent amounts, same speeds
Consider these atoms: vanadium, VV; copper, CuCu; and magnesium, MgMg. Rank them in terms of their atomic number, from largest to smallest.
cu, v, mg
The more candy bars you add to your diet per day, the more weight you gain (all other factors, such as the amount of exercise you get, being equal). Is this an example of a direct proportion or an inverse proportion? inverse proportion/direct proportion
direct proportion
What behavior of light is demonstrated when light passes through a glass prism separating out the different wavelengths of light:
dispersion
Electromagnetic waves are composed of View Available Hint(s)for Part A perpendicular longitudinal waves.light waves.vibrating light vectors.electric and magnetic fields.
electric and magnetic
Rank the three subatomic particles in order of increasing mass: (a) neutron, (b) proton, (c) electro
electron, proton, neutron
What does the symbol E represent in the equation, E = mc 2? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Electromagnetic field strength.Energy.Electric mass.Einsteinian constant.
emergy
Galileo showed that scientific knowledge advances by View Available Hint(s)for Part A maintaining personal courage.experimentation.holding fast to what you believe when others question you.accepting the ideas that are most widespread.
experimentation
Modern science is based on
experimentation
Most of the electromagnetic spectrum consists of visible light. (t/f)
false
What is a chemical bond? A property that characterizes the ability of a substance to react with other substances or to transform from one substance into another.The formation of new substances by the rearrangement of the atoms of the original materials.A force of attraction between a nucleus and electrons that holds them together within an atom.A force of attraction between two atoms that holds them together within a compound.
force of attraction between two atoms that holds them together within a compound.
If an electron vibrates up and down 1000 times each second, it generates an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 1000 km.period of 1000 s.frequency of 1000 Hz.wavelength of 1000 m.speed of 1000 m/s.
frquency of 1000 hertz
Which type of radiation has no mass emission:
gamma
rank each type of radiation from fastest to slowest
gamma, beta, alpha
The elements fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are also known as View Available Hint(s)for Part A Chalcogens.halogensNoble gases.Alkali metals.
halogens
The average person in the United States is exposed to the following amount of radiations annually. Rank the following source of radiation in the increasing order of their ability to cause harm to living tissue. Weapons-test fallout 1 millirem Cosmic radiation 26 millirems Air (radon-222) 0.198 rems Diagnostic X rays 0.040 rems Television tubes 11 millirems Nuclear medicine 0.015 rems Ground 33 millirems
highsts: air, ground, cosmic, tv, weapons testing: lowest
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, the amount of energy will x and the strength of the bonds will x
increase, decrease
The light lab demonstrated that as light reflection (x) the absorption of light (x)
increased, decreased
For the different types of light waves as the wavelength (x) the frequency of the waves (x)
increases, decreases
What is a chemical equation? It is a picture of the atoms undergoing a chemical equalization.It is the sum of the masses of the products and reactants.It is the chemical combination of equal numbers of reactants and products.It is any type of reaction that takes place at the equator.It is a shorthand notation for illustrating a chemical reaction.
is a shorthand notation for illustrating a chemical reaction.
Strictly speaking, the light that strikes and penetrates a pane of window glass View Available Hint(s)for Part A gains energy.is the same light that emerges.is largely converted to heat in the glass.is not the same light that emerges.
is not the same light that emerges
What happens if you remove a proton:
it becomes a different element
Which of the following ate true of the strong nuclear force:
it is the strongest force and it only acts within a nucleus Didn't read, read more carefully
What happens if you remove a neutron:
it will become a different isotope
The distance between protons and electrons is very x the distance between protons and nuetrons is x
large, small
Rank the compounds in order of increasing numbers of atoms: (a) C12H22O12, (b) DNA, (c) Pb(C2H3O2)2.
least: (c) Pb(C2H3O2)2., : (a) C12H22O12,, dna
Rank the following in order of increasing volume: (a) bacterium, (b) virus, (c) water molecule.
least: water molecule, virus, bacterium
Radio waves move at the speed of:
light
Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is the same.shorter.longer.
longer
Use these properties to classify the substances as metals, metalloids, or nonmetals. Element Property SS: Sulfur Powdery yellow solid Ag: Silver Shiny solid at room temperature that is also a good conductor of heat and electricity Si: Silicon Semiconductor Ne: NeonInert gas at room temperature Hg: MercurySilvery liquid that is used in thermometers and fluorescent lights
metals: Ag, Hg metalloids: si nonmetals:S, Ne
Rank these atoms by the number of electrons they tend to lose, from fewest to most: (a) magnesium, MgMg; (b) aluminum, AlAl; (c) silicon, SiSi. Rank from fewest to most. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
mg, al, si Sodium, Na - loses oneMagnesium, Mg - loses twoAluminum, Al - loses threeYou can tell how many they lose how many are in their outer shell an by the group they are in; also the table says +1, +2, etc.
Are atoms made of molecules or are molecules made of atoms? Atoms are made of molecules.Neither; atoms and molecules are submicroscopic particles distinguished by phase.Molecules are made of atoms.
molecules are made of atoms
An electron, when further from the nucleus, has View Available Hint(s)for Part A more potential energy.greater electric charge.less mass.a higher frequency.
more potential energy
What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 1 Hz? 1 mmore than 1 mless than 1 m
more than 1 m
Sort the following into naturally occurring and man-made sources of radiation. cosmic radiaiton, diagnositc x rays, earth minerals, nuclear medicine, air containing radon 222, weapons test fall out,
naturally occuring: earth, cosimic, air radon 222 man made: weapons test, nuc med, diagnostic x rays
he atomic mass of an atom is the number of:
nuetrons and protons
The scientific method of Galileo and Bacon is View Available Hint(s)for Part A today outmoded.one of many ways of making discoveries.the method of choice for most discoveries.worthy of memorizing.
one of the many ways of making discoveries
What is a chemical reaction? when a liquid undergoes a phase change and produces a solid when two solids mix together to form a heterogeneous mixture when two liquids mix to form a homogeneous mixture when a new element is formed by rearranging nucleons when one or more new compounds are formed by rearranging atoms
one or more new compounds are formed by rearranging atoms
How many more electrons can fit in the valence shell of a hydrogen atom?
only one electron can be added to the valence shell of a hydrogen atom
What type(s) of radiation is/are emitted by the nuclei of radioactive elements? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Both fast-flying subatomic particles and electromagnetic.Strong nuclear radiation.Fast-flying subatomic particles.Electromagnetic.
oth fast-flying subatomic particles and electromagnetic.
Light is a form of energy which is carried by particles known as .
photons
Classify each of the properties as a physical property or a chemical property. the luster of jewlry, color of iron wire, explosion of fireworks, the melting point of water, smell of vinegar, flamability of ether, reactivity of zinc w oxegen
physical property: jewlry, color, melting point, smell chemical property: flamability, reactivity, explosion
Classify each of the changes as a physical change or a chemical change. burning paper, bleaching tiles, carving wood, silver tarnishing, cooking a chicken, tearing aluminum foil , slicing a banana, freezing of water
physical: carving wood, tearing aluminum foil, slicing abahan, freezing of water chem: burning paper, bleaching tiles, silver tarnishing, cooking a chick
Which of these is the most basic science? View Available Hint(s)for Part A ChemistryPhysicsBiologyAstronomy
physics
You are heating a beaker full of water with the intent of turning the liquid into a vapor, when reaching the boiling point the temperature will
plateau
A hypothesis best describes a
proposed answer to a question about the world
Before experimental results can be considered to be valid, they mainly must be View Available Hint(s)for Part A reproducible.acceptable to qualified researchers.structured.useful.
reproducible
Which row correctly definies the makeup of protons and neutrons: need help understanding
see ppt •Neutrons •carry NO charge •one up quark (+2/3) and two down quarks (-1/3) •are about 1800 times as massive as electrons, almost same mass as proton.
Gamma radiation has been used in the process of serilizing food. This is possible because it has a (x wavelength and (x) amount of energy
short), high
When light passes from air into water, the speed of light (x) this effect explains the phenomenon called
slows down, (refraction)
Which of the following:
solid liquid gas
Interference is a property of View Available Hint(s)for Part A mainly light waves.sound, light, and water waves.mainly water waves.mainly sound waves.
sound, light, and water
What did Robert Brown see under the microscope? View Available Hint(s)for Part A atoms mixed with specks of dust moving around atoms moving around specks of dust moving around
specs of dust moving around
Which of the following changes when light is refracted? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Color.Speed.Reflective index.Frequency.
speed
Under certain conditions some substances go from solid to gas:
sublimation
Experiments show that light behaves like i
t is made of both waves and particles
If we put 2 substances together in a test tube, which of the following occurrences may indicate either a physical change or a chemical change: production of gas
temp, and color?
What would not be considered a chemical property:
temperature
Which of the following would not be good for experimentation:
testing multiple variables at one time
How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world? View Available Hint(s)for Part A There are many possible combinations of atoms.Atoms are incredibly small.The Earth is 4.5 billion years old.Most of these substances are organic compounds.
there are many possible combinations of atoms
Why did the particles jiggle around? View Available Hint(s)for Part B The particles were struck equally on all sides by atoms that were moving around.There was a constant external force that propelled the particles.The particles were struck by atoms, but unequally on different sides
these particles were struck by atoms but unequally on different sides
The biblical authors has a distinctly different view of the sun, moon, stars:
they are created
Which of the following is not true about molecules:
they are stable and do not react with other molecules (molecules can be made from smaller molecules is true)
Which statement is true about atoms:
they've been around almost since the beginning
If you miss more than 2 labs you can't pass your course (t/f)
true
The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its frequency.speed.wavelength.all of the abovetwo of these
two of these (wave length and frequency)
Which electrons are represented by an electron-dot structure? Valence electrons of an atom.All of the electrons of an atom.Electrons in the innermost shell of an atom.None of the above.
valence electrons of an atom
Electromagnetic waves consist of high-frequency gravitational waves.particles of light energy.compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses.vibrating electric and magnetic fields.
vibrating and magnetic fields
Which of the following parts of the visible light spectrum has the highest frequency:
violet
A 4.0-mm-long wave oscillates 1.5 times each second. Find the speed of the wave. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
v� = 6.0 msms
The speed of a wave can be found by multiplying its frequency by its View Available Hint(s)for Part A period.wavelength.amplitude.density.
wavelength
Plants contain a little carbon-14, but why do humans also contain carbon-14? View Available Hint(s)for Part A We eat plants containing carbon-14.The nitrogen atoms in our blood transmute to carbon-14.We, like plants, are carbon-based life forms.The air we breathe is laden with carbon-14.
we eat plants containing carbon 14
A theory is a
well-supported body of evidence intended to explain observations
A scientific hypothesis that is deemed valid must have a test for proving it View Available Hint(s)for Part A wrong.without error.correct.more than one time.
wrong
Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength? infrared waves, light waves, x rays, radio waves, ultraviolet waves
x rays
Are protons on opposite sides of a large nucleus attracted to each other? View Available Hint(s)for Part A Yes, by the weak nuclear force.No, because neutrons are responsible for holding the nucleus together.Yes, by the strong nuclear force.No, because of the repulsive electric charge.
yes by the strong nuclear force
How is the definition of the word theory different in science versus in everyday life? In everyday speech, a theory is the same as a hypothesis −− a statement that has been tested. In science a theory is a synthesis of a large body of verified information.In everyday speech, a theory is the same as a hypothesis −− a statement that has not been tested. In science a theory is a synthesis of a large body of verified information.
−− a statement that has not been tested. In science a theory is a synthesis of a large body of verified information.
Phosphorus-32 has a half-life of 14.0 daysdays. Starting with 4.00 gg of 32P32P, how many grams will remain after 112 daysdays ?
𝑁=𝑁01/2^𝑡/𝑡ℎ 𝑁 = quantity of the substance remaining N0 = initial quantity of the substance 𝑡= time elapsed 𝑡ℎ = half life of the substance 1.56×10−2 gg
