science exam-organic chemistry

The general formula for the alkanes is

CnH2n+2

The general formula for alkynes is

CnH2n-2

An organic molecule that has hydrogen and oxygen present in a 2:1 ration is a

carbohydrate

There are so many organic compounds because

carbon can form four covalent bonds

An example of an alkane is

ethane

A compound that is made up only of carbon and hydrogen is called a(n)

hydrocarbon

Compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different modular structures and shapes are called

isomers

Cholesterol is a(n) ____ needed to build cell membranes

lipid

An element that is present in proteins but not in carbohydrates is

nitrogen

DNA is a

nucleic acid

Saturated hydrocarbons contain

only single bonds

The bond between the carboxylic acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid is called a(n)

peptide bond

A huge molecule made up of many smaller molecules is called a(n)

polymer

A polymer formed from amino acids is a

protein

accounts for 15% of your body weight

proteins

A bond in which two electrons are shared is called

single bond

The kind, #, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule can be shown in a

structural formula

Rubbing alcohol is a(n)

substituted hydrocarbon

The formula for an organic acid is

-COOH

Characteristic of an alcohol

-OH

# of electrons a carbon atom has in its outer energy level

4

The general formula for alkenes is

CnH2n

A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by a -OH group is a(n)

alcohol

An organic compound that has a -COOH group and a -NH2 group is a(n)

amino acid

The raw material used to make proteins are called

amino acids

Chemists and engineers separate petroleum into its individual compounds by

boiling point

All aromatic compounds

contain a benzene ring structure

The individual molecules that make up a polymer are called

monomers

Water and esters are the products of reactions between alcohols and

organic acids

Plastic is a(n)

polymer

The structure of benzene can best be described as a

ring

A hydrocarbon containing only single-bonded carbon atoms is called a(n) _____ hydrocarbon

saturated

A hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond is

unsaturated