Science - Metabolism (Part 2)
Explain how a breakdown or issue in ANY of these body systems would lead to changes in the body's ability to have energy.
A breakdown or issue in ANY of these body systems would lead to changes in the body's ability to have energy because the body cells need all of these systems to take in energy. The digestive system is responsible for food molecules and breaking them down and if that doesn't work properly, the body has pretty much no energy to run on. The respiratory system is responsible for oxygen if that is not running correctly, the body cells can't use energy from the body because they need oxygen and energy to run. Your circulatory system is responsible for transporting materials throughout the body and these materials are needed to run your body properly. If your circulatory systems stop working properly your body has nothing to transport food or oxygen which makes it so nothing in your body can work properly.
What is a monomer? Give an example of 2 food molecules ou know.
A monomer is a building block for a bigger object for example glucose in the monomer of a starch and amino acids is a building blocks for protein
What is a capillary, and what makes it unique from other parts of the circulatory system.-2
A single-cell thick blood vessel that is the location for molecules to be exchanged between the blood and different parts of the body.
The body brings in protein to be digested. What monomer does the digestive system need to break them into to be absorbed into the bloodstream?...-6
Amino acid
Identify one example of STRUCTURE and FUNCTION in the body systems we've discussed+8
Any structure of the body that carries out a specific function...SO MANY ANSWERS
Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart are known as ....-2
Arteries
Name 2 ways that doctors will use technology to understand what is going on in the body.
Biocameras (baby's stomach), Blood tests, Stethoscope, HR monitor
What is the main function of the digestive system?
Break down food into small nutrients so the can fit into cells
Like most mammals, humans have a heart with ___ chambers..-9
Capillaries are blood vessels that are only 1-cell thick. They are found in places like around the intestines, around the lungs and on the muscles.
The heart is made of _____ muscle....+4
Cardiac
Other than carrying oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body, identify 1 other function of the CIRCULATORY system.-3
Carrying carbon dioxide back to the lungs from the body, Picking up and carrying glucose and/or amino acids from the small intestine, Fighting infections
What is the most basic unit of life? (The smallest component that something can be and still be considered "alive")...+6
Cell
In the mouth, we find saliva. Which type of digestion does saliva help us do before we even swallow our food?...+3
Chemical digestion
Which body system is most closely associated with the terms 'capillaries', 'veins', 'arteries'?...+5
Circulatory system
What body system is associated with the terms 'esophagus, intestine & peristalsis'?+2
Digestive system
What is the name of the tube that pushes food from the mouth to the stomach?...+1
Esophagus
True or False: Oxygen needs to be broken down into simpler monomers before being absorbed in the bloodstream...+4
False
True or False: Finding starch & fiber in the bloodstream indicates a person with a lot of energy for a functioning body....-5
False. Starch and fiber are too large to be absorbed into the bloodstream. You would not find them there..
If, for some reason, the body was unable to take in oxygen, what would happen to the body's energy level? Explain WHY (in terms of energy release in the cells)
For your cells or energy to be processed, it needs glucose and oxygen and if one of those is not given the body will not have energy release. So, if the body was unable to take in oxygen, the body's energy level would immediately drop very low because energy can't be processed without oxygen.
What two essential molecules are needed for energy release in the body?...-5
Glucose & oxygen
Identify 3 materials that are carried in the blood....+7
Glucose, Oxygen, Amino acid, Carbon dioxide, Water
If Amanda eats a lot of starch and then has her blood drawn a few hours later and it shows low glucose levels, what does that lead you to believe about Amanda's digestive system?...+3
Her digestive system is not breaking the starch down into glucose, which is why we don't find it in the blood...
If the heart rate slows down, what effect does that have on the speed of molecule movement? What could that do to the availability of energy in the body?
If the heart rate slows down the speed of molecule movement would slow down because the heart is like a pump and if it slows down it starts pumping slower which slows down the transportation of molecules. That would make the availability of energy go down in the body because the molecules would take longer to get where they need to go.
Why would low glucose levels in the blood cause concern for a body?...-2
It would lead to very low energy levels.
In which organ does WATER get absorbed back into the body?...-5
Large intestine
Anemia is a blood disorder that makes it hard for the body to carry oxygen efficiently. What could this do to a person who has anemia with regard to their ability to exercise?...-6
Less exercise because oxygen isn't moving to the body cells as well as it needs to be for energy release.
Asthma makes it difficult for a person to breathe. Explain how decreased oxygen levels would impact the person's energy levels....-1
Low oxygen levels would decrease energy levels because both oxygen and glucose are needed for energy release in cells.
What is "homeostasis"? +9
Maintaining balance in the body (all systems establishing and keeping balance) ex: keeping a constant temperature, keeping blood sugar balanced - not too high, not too low...etc.)
If Tristan eats a lot of protein and starch, but when we take his blood, his protein and fiber levels in his blood are low, is this concerning? Why or why not?...+3
No. Protein isn't found in the blood - amino acids are..., Fiber isn't either - it only travels down the digestive tract and out.
Finish the sequence: cell → tissue → _____ → ______ → ______...-7
Organs → organ system → organism
Which two gases are exchanged between the blood and the alveoli in the lungs?...-3
Oxygen & Carbon dioxide
Which type of blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body cells?-8
Red blood cells
What body system is most closely associated with the terms 'trachea, alveoli & bronchi''?...-3
Respiratory
True or False: If Emma's blood test shows high/normal glucose levels but low oxygen levels, what body system seems to be malfunctioning?...-4
Respiratory system
Sarah's respiratory system isn't working well. What does that mean for her ability to exercise?...+1
She would have a hard time exercising because oxygen is one of the necessary molecules for energy release (along with glucose)
If you eat something that is already in monomer form (like glucose), how will that affect the digestive system?
Since what you ate is in monomer form and is as small as it can be, your body won't have to break it down so it will just go right through your stomach.
What are villi? Where are they found?+1
Small finger-like projections found in the small intestine that allow for maximum absorption of nutrients.
What types of molecules start chemically digesting in the mouth (with the help of saliva)?...-8
Starch
Identify a part of the digestive system that is responsible for MECHANICAL digestion. +9
Teeth (chewing), esophagus (squeezing), stomach (churning)
If the digestive system was unable to break food down, what effects would this have on the person's energy level?
That person would not have any energy to run which wouldn't make the conscious.
What 2 gases are mostly being exchanged between the bloodstream and the lungs?
The 2 gases that are mostly exchanged between the bloodstream and the lungs are oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What biomolecule mostly gets broken down into stomach acid?
The biomolecule that mostly gets broken down into stomach acid is protein.
Explain how the circulatory system works closely with both the digestive system and the respiratory system to provide the body with what it needs to function.
The circulatory system works closely with both the digestive system and the respiratory system to provide the body with what it needs to function because the circulatory system moves materials throughout the body. Digestive system after it is done breaking down food, those food molecules need somewhere to go to provide the cells with energy to run and that is why the circulatory system is there. The respiratory system brings oxygen into little alveoli that require someplace to take that oxygen which is into the circulatory system. The circulatory also needs to give back carbon dioxide from cells to the respiratory to exhale.
How does the digestive system work closely with the circulatory system?
The digestive system works closely with the circulatory system the digestive system takes small food molecules and transports them through blood vessels into body cells that need them.
What is the function of the alveoli and how does that allow our bodies to work efficiently?
The function of the alveoli is to bring air from your lungs into your circulatory system or your red blood cells to then be given back carbon dioxide to send back through your lungs.
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
The main function of the circulatory system is to move material throughout the bloodstream to body cells that need them.
What is the function of the respiratory system?
The main function of the respiratory system is to get oxygen molecules from your breathing and give that to cells for energy release and gets back carbon dioxide from your cells to exhale.
List the main molecules that are carried through the bloodstream, and where they are headed.
The main molecules that are carried throughout the bloodstream are oxygen, glucose, and amino acids. Glucose, amino acids, and oxygen are headed to various body cells that need to take in energy.
How does the respiratory system work closely with the circulatory system?
The respiratory works closely with the circulatory because what you breathe in must go through your lungs and one of your alveoli to red blood cells which transport back carbon dioxide to exhale.
How does the structure of villi allow for the body to function best?
The structure of it allows the body to take the small food molecules in to get absorbed into the bloodstream which allows the body to function at its best with that energy.
What are two types of digestion and how are they different?
The two types of digestion are chemical digestion and mechanical digestion. Mechanical digestion is when you are manually crushing food down into many different small pieces but the food remains the same chemically. Chemical change is when you chemically change up the food by breaking apart the bonds of atoms and the food will not be the same.
The small intestine has finger-like projections called villi that stick out from the walls. What is the purpose of the villi?...-5
The villi increase surface area for maximum absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
Why are capillaries so important & why are they only 1 cell thick?...+7
They are important because they are the location where materials get exchanged between blood and body. They are 1-cell thick because it makes it easiest and most efficient for every blood cell to pick up and drop off the molecules it needs.
What protective measures does your body have to protect itself from the strong stomach acid?...-4
Thick mucus lining - Replaces the cells every few days
Explain why the lining of the alveoli is so thin...+4
To allow for easy and quick movement of oxygen into the blood from the lungs, and carbon dioxide out of the blood and into the lungs.
Why does stomach acid have to be so strong? What effect is it having on your food?...+3
To chemically break down proteins into amino acids and starch into glucose.
The small intestine has finger-like projections called villi that stick out from the walls. What is the purpose of the villi?...+3
To maximize the absorption of molecules through small intestine walls into the bloodstream (capillaries)
Which type of blood cells are responsible for fighting off infections and bacteria?...-6
White blood cells
"Blue" or "purple" blood represents blood that is carrying a lot of ________....+2
carbon dioxide
Red blood represents blood that is carrying a lot of ___________.
oxygen
