Scm 385 week 1
the traditional view states that economic, society, and environmental concerns interact together to define sustainability. An alternative perspective states that a. environment is constrained be economy, and both are constrained by society. b. economy is constrained by society, and both are constrained by environment. c. economy is constrained by environment, and both are constrained by society. d. society is constrained by environment, and both are constrained by economy
b
cultural evolution
can go on extremely rapidly
according to ASU research, what life cycle phase has the biggest environmental impact for laundry detergent.
consumer use, heating the water for the washing machine is far more impactful than the footprint caused by manufacturing
sub-domains of sustainable development
cultural, technological, political
without switching to alternative energy sources, the concept of peak oil predicts: a. demand for oil will decrease and price will decrease b. demand for oil will decrease and price will increase c. demand for oil will increase and price will decrease d. demand for oil will increase and price will increase
d
Agricultural yields in the Midwest will
decline dramatically with rising global mean surface temperatures
sustainable development
development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, may be the organizing principle of sustainability. involves considering the interaction of environmental, social and economic systems.
The number of hours worked will decline about 0.53% for
each additional degree in rising global mean surface temperature for high risk outside workers.
The number of hours worked will decline about 0.11% for
each additional degree in rising global mean surface temperature for workers who are not generally exposed to outdoor temperatures
energy star and EPEAT gold
ecolabels which are rewarded to products that fulfill certain environmental and/or social criteria
dimensions of sustainability
economic development, social development, environmental protection
circles of sustainability
economic, ecological, political, culturals
7 modalities that humans use as an attempt to achieve all of their needs and aspiractions
economy, community, occupational groups, government, environment, culture, physiology.
according to Pew Center, what is the leading driver of corporate sustainability
efficiency
what does ASU require as a minimum for computer purchases
energy star and EPEAT gold
what is a major source of waste
energy used by idle appliances
I in I=PAT
environmental impact
interconnected domains/pillars of sustainability
environmental, economic, social
eutrophication
excessive nutrients in a lake/other body of water
Rising demand due to hot days will more than offset
falling demand from cool days
true/false ISO standards exist for social responsiblity
false
true/false people tend to be consistent in their environmental behavior
false
sustainable agriculture
farming in ways meeting societies present food and textile needs without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their need. can be based on an understanding of ecosystem services
according to UK data, what is the lading cause of eutrophication
food, caused by run off of chemical fertilizers
3-10 species
go extinct everday
united nations environment program and the nature conservancy
have teamed up to help yobon avoid an impending energy and environmental crisis.
sustainability
implies responsible and proactive decision making and innovation that minimizes negative impact, maintains a balance between ecological resilience, economic prosperity, political justice, cultural vibrancy to ensure a desirable planet for all species now and in the future. the pursuit of common ideal. socio-ecological process
social challenges involved in moving toward sustainability
international and national law, urban planning and transport, supply chain management, local and individual lifestyles, ethical consumerism
yunnan
is at the heart of the struggle for sustainable development
microcredit
is changing enough that they bonded to the alternative energy installations
mass extention
is happening from our own homo sapiens
according to the UC Berkely study the south along the coast
is hot and humid and may see populations loosing the equivalent of 20% of their incomes.
21% of oil
is made into asphalt, farming machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, food coatings, plastics, Styrofoam, chemicals in cosmetics, clothing
44% of oil
is made into gasoline
35% of oil
is made into other fuels
I=PAT
attempts to explain human consumption in terms of population number, levels of consumption, impact per unit of resource used
green village credit
small loans of less than $1000 to allow families to acquire better energy services such as a micro hydro system
earth charter
speaks of a sustainable global society founded on respect for nature, universal human rights, economic justice, culture of peace
specific types of sustainability
sustainable agriculture, sustainable architecture, ecological economics
youbon can reduce the demand for fuel wood by
switching to cleaner forms of energy
key finding of UC Berkely study
when looking at the US economy and model how it will be affected by climate change in the future we see that it will affect different parts of the country differently
biodiversity
when scientists are forced to summarize all environmental effects into one metric. the number of different living species on earth. no measure better tracks our environments health
according to harris international, which company had the best reputation for corporate responsibility in 2008
whole foods
WRI
world resources institure.
criteria for ecological sustainability
renewable resources should provide a sustainable yield, non renewable resources should have equivalent development of renewable substitutes, waste generation should not exceed the assimilative capacity of the environment.
what % of executives in large companies would specifically value a sustainability concentration as a candidates degree?
98%
Violent crime rates will increase across the country at about ___% per each additional degree celsius in global mean surface temperature
0.9
the total carbon impact of an I phone over its 3yr life is equivalent to the carbon impact of energy used by light bulbs in a house for
1 month
how big of a sustainability staff do most large companies have
10 people
High risk employees account for ____ % of workers in sectors such as agriculture, construction, manufacturing and mining
23
if one cell phone charger is left on per household in the US the total energy used could power how many houses for a year
250,000
according to deloitte, how many more times likely is someone to buy green groceries than green electronics
4 times
according to the EPA the consumer economy is responsible for what % of greenhouse gases
50%
when you estimate environmental impacts how much uncertainty is typically associated with results
50-200 25-400%
how many times do you have to use a steal water bottle for it to be worth it environmentally, compared to a plastic bottle
50-500
Which ISO family of standards deal with environmental managment
ISO 14,000
sustainable architecture
seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, development, space and the ecosystem.
biological communities
are real communities of very complex but very serious inter dependencies
A in I=PAT
affluence
sustainability standards and certifications systems used in global supply chains in various sectors and industries are
agriculture, mining, forestry and fisheries
according to the UC Berkely study areas of impact are
along the coastline where sea level rise is going to damage a large amount of property and exacerbates the damage that will occur with hurricanes along the coastline. in the Midwest, agriculture will suffer in a dust bowl like scale and human health will have higher temps exposing more people to heat stress and death.
sustainability
is the capacity to endure in a relatively ongoing way across various domains of life. Was refered to as the capacity for earths biosphere and human civilization to co exist. the process of people maintaining change in a homeostasis balanced environment in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development, and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and aspirations.
what fraction of chemicals used in consumer products have been tested for human toxicity
less than 5%
closed systems
maintain processes of productivity indefinitely by replacing resources used by actions of people with resources of equal or greater value by the same people without degrading or endangering natural biotic systems
shah shuja
manager of green village credit
entire ecosystems
may face irreversible chain reaction collapse
ecological footprint
measures human consumption in terms of the biologically productive land and sea area needed to provide for all the competing demands on nature
efficency
most practical view of sustainability. since zero efficiency means zero waste
as humanity grows more populous and powerful
natural systems that have been stable for millions of years are in turmoil, plant and animal populations are rapidly declining, species are becoming extinct faster than ever, scientists call this a mass extinction
sawing off the limb you are sitting on
occurs when you wipe out other populations and species
peak oil
oil is a limited resource. is when extraction rates max out and begin to decline. after peaking, demand will continue to increase while supply decreases.
body pollution
pervasiveness of manufactured chemical in human bodies. 95 chemical contaminants, 53 chemicals known to cause cancer in human/animals, 62 toxic to the brain/nervous systems, 55 associated with birth defects
P in I=PAT
population
according to the UC Berkely study cooler northern and western regions
populations may benefit a little.
what does the future hold after peak oil
prices go up, shortages of all kinds, economic depressions, resource wars, global warming. oil is conserved, demand shrinks, clean renewable alternatives are put in place, sustainable, local agriculture, fewer cars on the road, sustainable and healthy future, natural resource depletion
____ will increase in the Northeast as the number of cold days decreaes.
property crimes
micro hydro systems
provide the hot water tourist increasingly demand
forms of living more sustainably
recognizing living conditions, reappraising economic sections or work practices, using science to develop new technologies, designing systems in a flexible and reversible manner, adjusting individual lifestyles to conserve natural resources
standards for type II ecolabels
regulate the use of such terms as recyclable, re-usable and organic
T in I=PAT
technology
Electricity demands will increase for all regions except
the Rockies and Pacific Northwest
reslience
the capacity of an ecosystem to absorb disturbance and still retain its basic structure and viability. addresses how much planetary ecological systems can withstand assault from human disturbances and still deliver the services current and future generation need from them.
sustainability science
the philosophical and analytic framework of sustainability that draws on and connects with many different disciplines and fields
sustainability measurement
the quantitative basis for the informed management of sustainability. metrics include; indicators, benchmarks, audits, sustainability standards and certification systems, indexes and accounting, assessment, appraisal and other reporting systems
increased demands for wood from the forests
threaten the regions forest, the fragile ecosystems and the rich biodiversity
sustainability
traces back to Hans Carl Von Carlowitz, and applied to foresty
ecological economics
trans disciplinary and an interdisciplinary of academic research addressing the interdependence and co evolution of human economies and natural ecosystems
Chemicals absorbed, ingested, or inhaled into the human body can remain in the body for months or years? True/False
true
True/false Severe weather will inflict direct annual economic damages of 0.6 - 1.3 % of GDP for South Carolina, Louisiana and Florida in the median scenario?
true
True/false most companies are running their sustainability efforts bottoms up with projects in fuctions and business units.
true
True/false the dimensions of sustainability can be mutually reinforcing and they are interdependent and cannot exist without the others.
true
true/false Rising mean sea levels linked to stronger, more frequent tropical cyclones will amplify storm tide heights and extend floodplains, worsening problems for low lying coastal cities?
true
true/false corporations pursing social entrepreneurship have different motives than individual social entrepreneurs
true
true/false lean is not necessarily green
true
true/false making small shipments for just in time manufacturing increases greenhouse gases due to transportation
true
true/false most companies see synergy between sustainability and efficiency
true
according to the UK data, considering quantities purchased the recreation and culture sector has how many global warming impact compared to clothing and footware
twice as many
What type of ecolabel should be on a product that uses a recycled material
type II