SDLC CH 7,8,9
which relation is created with a COMPOSITE primary key using the primary keys of the related entities and additional primary key attributes associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any non-key attributes of the relationship or associative entity?
Associative entity with additional key
thinking about attributes, which of the following is an example of a synonym?
EMP_ID and Employee_ID
what is the result of normalization?
Every nonprimary key attribute depends on the whole primary key and nothing but the primary key
A ________ value is a special field value, distinct from a zero, blank, or any other value, that indicates that the value for the field is missing or otherwise unknown.
Null
which relation is created by placing the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or by doing this for both entities?
Unary 1:1 Relationship
sometimes a combination of attributes is required to identify a unique entity. In this case, _________ should be used.
a candidate key
A ______ class is a class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances
abstract
A __________ is a concise statement of the business rule to be enforced by the triggering operation
action
A _____ is an external entity that interacts with a system and is someone or something that exchanges information with the systems
actor
one of the benefits of starting with and then tailoring a purchased data model is _________
anticipation of future requirements
which relation is created with primary key associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any nonkey attributes of the relationship or associative entity and the primary keys of the related entities (as foreign key attributes)?
associative entity with its own key
A domain is the set of all data types and ranges of values that ________ may assume.
attributes
which relationship is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling?
binary
which relation is created by placing the primary key of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation for the entity on the many side?
binary 1:N relationship
use cases written at the fish and ____ levels (sometimes called the clam) are much more detailed and focus on sub-function goals
black
____________ is NOT a valid type of partitioning method in a relational database products
boundary
The ________ shows the static structure of an object-oriented model: the object classes, their internal structure, and the relationships in which they participate.
class diagram
The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether you have included in your DFDs all of the components necessary for the system you are modeling
completeness
if there is a situation where a decision table has a logic decision where an employee data type can have one of two values, those values are listed as
condition stub
which benefit of purchased data models refers to the fact that they are very general, covering almost all options employed by the associated functional area or industry
consistent and complete
which benefit of purchased data models refers to the fact that they are very general, covering almost all options employed by the associated functional area or industry?
consistent and complete
A(n) ________ is a coding scheme recognized by system software for representing organizational data.
data type
A _____ is a matrix representation of the logical decision
decision table
allows you to check for the extent to which your logic is complete, consistent, and not redundant
decision tables
Typically process names begin with _______
decomposition
the ______ of a relationship is the number of entity types that participate in that relationship
degree
all of these are steps to transforming an E-R diagram into normalized relations except
denormalize the relations
the _______ rule specifies that if an entity instance of the super type is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype
disjoint
the ________ rule specifies that if an entity instance of the super type is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype
disjoint
the ________ technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view
encapsulation
A ___________ is the smallest unit of application data recognized by system software, such as a programming language or database management system.
field
a default value is the value that a _______ will assume unless an explicit value is entered for it
field
__________ in the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of DFD or discrepancies within a single DFD
gap analysis
is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of DFDs or discrepancies within a single DFD
gap analysis
when thinking about sources and sinks, all of the following are of no interest to us except _____
how to control the design of a source/sink
when thinking about sources and sinks, all of the following are of no interest to us except?
how to control the design of a source/sink
what should one do when creating a decision table?
identify the value each condition can assume
A _____ arises when one use-case uses another use-case and is shown diagrammatically as a dotted-line arrow pointed toward the use-case that is being used
include relationship
a ___ arises when one use case uses another use case and is shown diagrammatically as a dotted-line arrow pointed toward the use case that is being used.
include relationship
_____ DFD development recognizes that requirements determination and requirements structuring are interacting, not sequential. subphases analysis phase of the SDLC.
iterative
both the white and ____ levels provide a summary of the use case goals
kite
both the white and _____ levels provide a summary of the use case goals
kite
We begin the physical design phase by addressing the design of physical fields for each attribute in a ________ data model
logical
normalized relations are, of course, the result of ______ database design
logical
we begin the physical design phase by addressing the design of physical fields for each attribute in a _______ data model
logical
At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices.
lowest
A _______ is a specification that indicates how many objects participate in a given relationship
multiplicity
functional decomposition stops when
no subprocesses can be broken down
The ______ rule specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes
overlap
the ______ rule specifies that an entity instance of the supertype does not have to belong to any subtype
partial specialization
A __________ table is a named set of rows and columns that specifies the fields in each row of the table
physical
A computer operating system stores data in a ____________, which is a named set of table rows stored in a contiguous section of a secondary memory
physical file
a computer operating system stores data in a __________, which is a named set of tables tows stored in a contiguous section of a secondary memory
physical file
______ are NOT a part of a decision table
policies
the fact that the same operation may apply to two or more classes in different ways is known as
polymorphism
According to Cockburn's template, ________ are those things the system must ensure are true before the use case can start.
preconditions
A __________ is an operation that does not have any side effects; it accesses the state of an object but does not alter the state
query operation
the most common style for a logical database is the _______ model
relational database
the most common style for a logical database is the _______ model
relational databse
In a hashed file organization, the location of each _____ is determined using an algorithm
row
A ________ is one field or a combination of fields for which more than one row may have the same combination of values
secondary key
A(n) ________ is one field or a combination of fields for which more than one row may have the same combination of values
secondary key
all of the following are guidelines for choosing indexes for relational databases except _____
specify multiple keys for each table
The ________ of an object encompasses its properties (attributes and relationships) and the values of those properties.
state
A ________ is an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other sub-groupings
subtype
a __________ is an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other sub-groupings
subtype
Each partition is stored in a separate contiguous section of disk space, which Oracle calls a ________
tablespace
what is the purpose of a conceptual data model?
to show as many rules about the meaning and interrelationships among data are possible
peter had to correct an E-R model because an entity instance of the supertype was not a member of some subtype in the relationship. The E-R model broke the __________ rule
total specialization
A(n) ________ is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert, update, and delete
triggering operation
_________________ is the set of behaviors or functions in a use case that follow exceptions to the main success scenario
triggers
all of the following are business rules except ___
unary relationship
in an entity relationship diagram if one person may only be married to one other person, the relationship is a ___________
unary relationship
a use-case consists of a set of possible sequences of interaction between a system and ___ in a particular environment, possible sequences that are related to a particular goal.
user
if a purchased model is proven through extensive experience it is said to be
validated
As seen from the clouds, as if flying in a plane at 35,000 feet, refers to which level accordingto Cockburn?
white
