Semester 2 AP Physics 1 Conceptual (from tests)
A 1.0kg lump of clay is sliding to the right on a frictionless surface with speed 2m/s. It collides head-on and sticks to a 0.5kg metal sphere that is sliding to the lift with speed 4m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the combined objects after the collision? a) 4J b) 0J c) 6J d) 2J
b) 0J
A 1kg mass is moving in uniform circular motion at a radius of 2m and frequency 0.5Hz. What is its angular momentum in kg*m^2/s? a) 0.5 pi b) pi c) 2 pi d) 4 pi
d) 4 pi
If you want to double the kinetic energy of a gas molecule, by what factor must you increase it momentum? a) 2^1/2 b) 16 c) 2*2^1/2 d) 4 e) 2
a) 2^1/2
An ice-skater is moving at constant velocity across and icy pond. The skater throws a snowball directly ahead. Which of the following correctly describes the velocity of the center of mass of the skater-snowball system immediately after the snowball is thrown? Assume friction and air resistance are negligible. a) It is equal to the original velocity of the skater b) it is equal to the new velocity of the skater c) it is equal to the velocity of the snowball d) it is equal to the half th original velocity of the skater
a) It is equal to the original velocity of the skater
Two children, Justin and Beyonce, ride on a merry-go-round. Justin is at a greater distance from the axis of rotation than Beyonce. Which of the following are true statements? (There could be more than one correct choice.) a) Justin has a greater tangential speed than Beyonce b) Beyonce has a smaller angular speed than Justin c) Beyonce and Justin have the same tangential speed d) Beyonce has a greater angular speed than Justin e) Beyonce and Justin have the same angular speed
a) Justin has a greater tangential speed than Beyonce e) Beyonce and Justin have the same angular speed
A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where the mass located when its potential energy is a maximum? a) at either A or B b) 1/4 of the way between A and B c) midway between A and B d) none of the above
a) at either A or B
In a game of pool, the white cue ball hits the #5 ball and stops, while the #5 ball moves away with the same velocity as the cue ball had originally. Both balls have the same mass. This type of collision is... a) elastic b) somewhat inelastic c) completely inelastic
a) elastic
An organ pipe of length L that is open at one end resonates in its third harmonic with a wavelength of 2L/3. Is the other end of the pipe closed or open? a) open b) closed e) we cannot tell from the information provided
a) open
In order to produce beats, the two sound waves should have a) slightly different frequencies b) slightly different amplitudes c) the same frequency d) the same amplitude
a) slightly different frequencies
A disk, a hoop, and a solid sphere are released at the same time at the top of an inclined plane. They are all uniform and roll without slipping. In what order do they reach the bottom? a) sphere, disk, hoop b) hoop, sphere, disk c) hoop, disk, sphere d) disk, hoop, sphere e) sphere, hoop, disk
a) sphere, disk, hoop
A rubber ball and a lump of clay have equal mass. They are thrown with equal speed against a wall. The ball bounces with nearly the same speed with which it hit. The clay sticks to the wall. Which one of these objects experiences the greater momentum change? a) the ball b) the clay c) both of them experience the same non-zero momentum change d) both of them experience zero momentum change
a) the ball
Two objects of different mass have equal, non-zero kinetic energies. Which object has the greater magnitude momentum? a) the heavier object b) the lighter object c) they both have the same magnitude momentum
a) the heavier object
The moment of inertia of two equal masses m separated by a distance L rotating about and axis midway between them is a) mL^2 b) 1/2mL^2 c) 2mL^2 d) 1/4mL^2
b) 1/2mL^2
A 0.2kg mass attached to the end of a spring causes it to stretch 5.0cm. If another 0.2kg mass is added to the spring, the potential energy of the spring will be a) the same b) 4 times as much c) 3 times as much d) twice as much
b) 4 times as much
You are standing on a skateboard, initially at rest. A friend throws a very heavy ball towards you. You have two choices about what to do with the ball: either catch the ball or deflect it back toward your friend with the same speed as it was originally thrown. Which choice should you make in order to maximize your speed on the skateboard? a) catch the ball b) deflect the ball back c) your final speed on the skateboard will be the same regardless whether you catch the ball or deflect the ball
b) deflect the ball back
A railroad car collides with and sticks to an identical railroad car that is initially at rest. After the collision, the kinetic energy of the system... a) is 1/4 as much as before b) is 1/2 as much as before c) is the same as before d) is 1/3 as much as before e) is one quarter as much as before
b) is 1/2 as much as before
If a force is exerted on an object, which statement is true? a) a small force always produces a large change in the object's momentum b) a large force produces a large change in the object's momentum only if the force is applied over a very short time interval c) a small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object's momentum d) a large force always produces a large change in the object's momentum
c) a small force applied over a long time interval can produce a large change in the object's momentum
Two wave pulses with equal positive amplitudes pass each other on a string, one is traveling toward the right and the other toward the left. At the point that they occupy the same region of space at the same time a) a traveling wave is produced b) standing wave is produced c) constructive interference occurs d) destructive interference occurs
c) constructive interference occurs
The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's full cross section at any point per unit of time is referred to as a) wattage b) voltage c) current d) electric potential
c) current
Two systems are in oscillation: a simple pendulum swinging back and forth through a very small angle and a block oscillating on a spring. The block-spring system takes twice as much time as the pendulum to complete one oscillation. Which of the following changes could make the two systems oscillate with the same period? a) increase the mass of the pendulum bob b) increasing the angle through which the pendulum swings by a small amount c) decreasing the mass of both the block and the pendulum bob d) shortening the pendulum
c) decreasing the mass of both the block and the pendulum bob
A spinning ice skater on extremely smooth ice is able to control the rate at which she rotates by pulling in her arms. Which of the following statements are true about the skater during this process? a) her moment of inertia remains constant b) she is subject to a constant non-zero torque c) her angular momentum remains constant d) her kinetic energy remains constant
c) her angular momentum remains constant
Is it possible for two positive charges to attract each other? a) yes, they always attract b) yes, they will attract if they are close enough c) no, they will never attract d) yes, they will attract if one carries a larger charge than the other
c) no, they will never attract
A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5m/s. The magnitude of the momentum of the rubber ball... a) was not conserved b) decreased c) remained the same d) increased
c) remained the same
Unbalanced torques cause objects to a) remain stationary b) rotate at uniform speed c) rotate with changing speed d) accelerate linearly
c) rotate with changing speed
Consider two less-than-desirable options. In the first you are driving 30 mph and crash head-on into an identical car also going 30 mph. In the second option you are driving 30 mph and crash head-on into a stationary brick wall. In neither case does your car bounce back from the thing it hits, and the collision time is the same in both cases. Which of these two situations would result in the greater impact force on your car? a) none of the above b) hitting the brick wall c) the force would be the same in both cases d) hitting the other car
c) the force would be the same in both cases
A shell explodes into two fragments, one fragment 25 times heavier than the other. If any gas from the explosion has negligible mass, then... a) the momentum change of the lighter fragment is 25 times as great as the momentum change of the heavier fragment b) the kinetic energy change of the heavier fragment is 25 times as great as the kinetic energy change of the lighter fragment c) the momentum change of the lighter fragment is exactly the same as the momentum change of the heavier fragment d) the momentum change of the heavier fragment is 25 times as great as the momentum change of the lighter fragment e) the kinetic energy change of the lighter fragment is 25 times as great as the kinetic energy change of the heavier fragment
c) the momentum change of the lighter fragment is exactly the same as the momentum change of the heavier fragment
When a rigid object rotates about a fixed axis, what is true about all the points in the object? (There could be more than one correct choice.) a) they all have the same tangential acceleration b) they all have the same tangential speed c) they all have the same angular speed d) they all have the same angular acceleration e) they all have the same radial acceleration
c) they all have the same angular speed d) they all have the same angular acceleration
A wheel accelerates from rest to 59 rad/s at a uniform rate of 67 rad/s^2. Through what angle (in radians) did the wheel turn while accelerating? a) 21 rad b) 33 rad c) 52 rad d) 26 rad
d) 26 rad
A solid uniform sphere of mass 120kg and radius 1.7m starts from rest and rolls without slipping down an inclined plane of vertical height 5.3m. What is the angular speed of the sphere at the bottom of the inclined plane? a) 6.1 rad/s b) 8.7 rad/s c) 9.7 rad/s d) 5.1 rad/s
d) 5.1 rad/s
You are trying to turn a stubborn both with a wrench. To finally get the bolt moving you must apply three times the force and double the length of the wrench handle without changing the angle that the force is applied. Torque was increased by a factor of a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 6
d) 6
A torque of 12N*m is applied to a solid, uniform disk of radius 0.5m. If the disk accelerates at 1.6 rad/s^2, what is the mass of the disk? a) 15kg b) 45kg c) 30kg d) 60kg
d) 60kg
When two or more resistors are connected in parallel to a battery a) the equivalent resistance of the combination is less than the resistance of any one of the resistors b) the voltage across each resistor is the same c) the total current flowing from the battery equals the sum of the currents flowing through each resistor d) all of the given answers
d) all of the given answers
When two or more resistors are connected in series to a battery a) the same current flows through each resistor b) the total voltage across the combination is the algebraic sum of the voltages across the individual resistors c) the equivalent resistance of the combination is equal to the sum of the resistances of each resistor d) all of the given answers
d) all of the given answers
When the mass of a simple pendulum is tripled, the times required for one complete vibration a) decreases to one-third of its original value b) decreases to 1/3^1/2 of its original value c) increases by a factor of 3 d) does not change
d) does not change
As more resistors are added in parallel across a constant voltage source, the power supplied by the source a) does not change b) increases for a time and then starts to decrease c) decreases d) increases
d) increases
Rotational inertia of mass m is dependent on a) the net torque applied to the mass b) angular velocity c) angular acceleration d) mass distribution about the axis
d) mass distribution about the axis
When comparing the momentum of two moving objects, which of the following is correct? a) the more massive object will have less momentum if its velocity is greater b) the object with the higher velocity will have less momentum if the masses are equal c) the more massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same d) the less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same
d) the less massive object will have less momentum if the velocities are the same
The Doppler shift explains a) why a sound grows quieter as we move away from the source b) how sonar works c) the phenomenon of beats d) why the siren on a police car changes its pitch as it races past us e) why it is that our hearing is best near 3000Hz
d) why the siren on a police car changes its pitch as it races past us
A 2.0kg ball moving eastward at 3.0m/s suddenly collides with a sticks to a 4.0kg ball moving northward at 2.0m/s. What is the magnitude of the momentum of this system just after the collision? a) 14kg*m/s b) 8.0kg*m/s c) 2.0kg*m/s d) 6.0kg*m/s e) 10kg*m./s
e) 10kg*m./s
A tiger is running in a straight line. If we double both the mass and speed of the tiger, the magnitude of its momentum will increase by what factor? a) 16 b) 8 c) 2 d) 2^1/2 e) 4
e) 4
Two simple pendulums, A and B, are each 3.0m long, and the period of pendulum A is T. Pendulum A is twice as heavy as pendulum B. What is the period of pendulum B? a) 2T b) T2^1/2 c) T/2 d) T/2^1/2 e) T
e) T
When is the angular momentum of a system constant? a) only when its total kinetic energy is constant b) only when the moment of inertia is constant c) only when the linear momentum and the energy are constant d) only when no net external force acts on the system e) only when no net external torque acts on the system
e) only when no net external torque acts on the system
A 1.0kg block and a 2.0kg block are pressed together on a horizontal frictionless surface with a compressed very light spring between them. They are not attached to the spring. After they are released and have both moved free of the spring a) both blocks will have equal speeds b) the heavier block will have more kinetic energy than the lighter block c) both blocks will both have the same amount of kinetic energy d) the magnitude of the momentum of the heavier block will be greater than the magnitude of the momentum of the lighter block e) the lighter block will have more kinetic energy than the heavier block
e) the lighter block will have more kinetic energy than the heavier block
Consider a closed pipe of length L. What are the wavelengths of the three lowest tones produced by this pipe? a) 2L, L, L/2 b) 2L, L, 2L/3 c) 4L, 4L/3, 4L/5 d) 4L, 2L, L e) 16L, 4L, L
c) 4L, 4L/3, 4L/5
A cart of mass m is moving with negligible friction along a track with known speed v1 to the right. It collides with and sticks to a cart of mass 4m moving with known speed v2 to the right. Which of the two principles, conservation of momentum and conservation of mechanical energy, must be applied to determine the final speed of the carts, and why? a) either conservation of momentum or conservation of mechanical energy, because only one equation is required to solve for the one unknown variable b) only conservation of momentum, because the momentum lost by one cart is gained by the other and there is only one unknown quality c) both conservation of mechanical energy and conservation of momentum, because both principles apply in any collision d) both conservation of mechanical energy and conservation of momentum, because neither cart changes direction
b) only conservation of momentum, because the momentum lost by one cart is gained by the other and there is only one unknown quality
Two charged objects attract each other with a certain force. If the charges on both objects are doubled with no change in separation, the force between them a) doubles b) quadruples c) halves d) increases, but we can't say how much without knowing the distance between them
b) quadruples
Two friends are standing on opposite ends of a canoe that is initially at rest with respect to a frictionless lake. The person in the front throws a very massive ball toward the back, and the person in the back catches it. After the ball is caught, the canoe is... a) moving forward b) stationary c) moving backward
b) stationary
Suppose you connect more and more light bulbs in series to a battery. What happens to the brightness of each bulb as you add more bulbs? a) the bulbs grow brighter with each new bulb added b) the bulbs grow dimmer with each new bulb added c) there is no change in brightness d) the brightness may increase or decrease depending on the type of light bulb
b) the bulbs grow dimmer with each new bulb added
When resistor are connected in series a) the potential difference across each is the same b) the current flowing in each is the same c) the same power is dissipated in each one d) more than one of the given answers is true
b) the current flowing in each is the same
The resistivity of a wire depends on a) its length b) the material out of which it is composed c) its cross-sectional area d) all of the given answers
b) the material out of which it is composed
A merry-go-round spins freely when Diego moves quickly to the center along a radius of the merry-go-round. As he does this, it is true to say that a) the momentum of inertia of the system decreases and the angular speed increases b) the momentum of inertia of the system decreases and the angular speed remained the same c) the momentum of inertia of the system increases and the angular speed increases d) the momentum of inertia of the system increases and the angular speed decreases e) the momentum of inertia of the system decreases and the angular speed decreases
b) the momentum of inertia of the system decreases and the angular speed remained the same
Which of the following is NOT true for a body, which starts at rest, and rotates with increasing speed? a) the net torque is unbalanced b) the net force is directed toward the axis of rotation c) tangential speed is increasing d) radial acceleration increases
b) the net force is directed toward the axis of rotation
A hollow cylinder and a solid cylinder of the same mass and radius roll down a ramp side by side. Which reaches the bottom first? a) the hollow cylinder b) the solid cylinder c) they arrive at the same time d) more information is need to answer
b) the solid cylinder
In a collision between two unequal masses, which mass receives a greater magnitude impulse? a) the larger mass b) they receive equal impulses c) the smaller mass
b) they receive equal impulses
Two point charges, initially 2.0cm apart, experience a 1.0N force. If they are moved to a new separation of 8cm, what is the electric force between them? a) 1/4N b) 4N c) 1/16N d) 16N
c) 1/16N
A chicken is running in a circular path with an angular speed of 1.52rad/s. How long does it take the chicken to complete one revolution? a) 2.07s b) 118s c) 4.13s d) 8.26s e) 4.77s
c) 4.13s
