Senior Captsone
Running is a locomotor activity similar to walking but with some differences. In comparison to walking, running requires greater? A. Balance B. Muscle Strength C. Range of Motion D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Rotation of the anterior surface of a bone toward the midline of the body is called? A. Medial Rotation B. Lateral Rotation C. Supination D. Pronation
A. Medial Rotation
Which motor unit is stimulated by a single nerve impulse, it responds by contracting one time and then called relaxing. This is called a A. Twitch B. Summation C. Tetanus D. Summary
A. Twitch
All of the following are examples of aerobic exercise modalities EXCEPT A. Weight training B. Walking C. Bicycling D. Stair climbing
A. Weight training
The preparation of professional staff should include training in A. Advanced basic life support and ENT B. CPR and BLS C. CPR and EMS D. ACLS and ENT
B. CPR and BLS
Which of the following is a coronary artery A. Right Atrium B. Circumflex C. Radial Artery D. Superior Vena Cava
B. Circumflex
Stroke volume is defined as A. The product of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance B. The difference between EDV and ESV C. The product of preload and HR D. The product of cardiac output and arteriovenous oxygen difference
B. The difference between EDV and ESV
The simplest and most rapid method to produce ATP during exercise through A. Glycolysis B. The ATP-PCr system C. Aerobic Metabolism D. Glycogenolysis
B. The ATP-PCr system
Which of the following is a field test for measuring cardiovascular fitness A. Bruce treadmill protocol B. YMCA cycle ergometer test C. 1.5 mile run D. Step test
C. 1.5 mile run
A target HR equivalent to 85% of HRR for a 25 year old male with a resting HR of 75 bpm would be equal to A. 195 bpm B. 166 bpm C. 177 bpm D. 102 bpm
C. 177 bpm
An equipment maintenance plan should include A. A floor plan B. A client advisory statement C. A document that records maintenance and repair history D. Temperature and humidity readings
C. A document that records maintenance and repair history
Any physical activity with a performance time of about 20 seconds or less involves which of the following energy systems A. ATP B. PCr C. ATP-PCr D. Aerobic glycolysis
C. ATP-PCr
Which does NOT help establish a supportive relationship A. Exhibit empathy B. Legitimize concerns C. Respect the person's abilities and efforts D. Address the agenda
D. Address the agenda
The chemical energy that is directly converted to do work is A. ATP B. Creatine Phosphate C. Beta oxidation of fatty acids D. All of the above
A. ATP
All of the following risk factors for CAD can modified by a regular and appropriate exercise training program EXCEPT A. Advancing age B. DM C. Hypertension D. HDL cholesterol
A. Advancing age
The energy to perform long-term exercise (>15 min) comes primarily from A. Aerobic metabolism B. A combination of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, with anaerobic metabolism producing the bulk of the ATP C. Anaerobic metabolism D. None of the above
A. Aerobic Metabolism
A possible mechanism by which chronic exercise training may reduce resting blood pressure in hypertensive individuals is through A. An increase in plasma renin B. A higher cardiac output C. A reduced heart rate D. A lower stroke volume
A. An increased in plasma renin
Which of the following cardiovascular variables does NOT increase as a result of chronic exercise while performing a single bout of maximal exercise A. Maximal HR B. Maximal cardiac output C. Maximal SV D. Maximal oxygen consumption
A. Maximal HR
The total number of muscle fiber is fixed at an early age, but A. At adolescence, males exhibit rapid hypertrophy of muscle B. In comparison to males, females exhibit a more rapid hypertrophy of muscle C. Males lose muscle mass faster at an early age when they remain sedentary D. Males tend to exhibit muscle hypertrophy at a later age than females
A. At adolescence, males exhibit rapid hypertrophy of muscle
The process of plaque build-up in the arteries is called A. Atherosclerosis B. Arteriosclerosis C. Atheroma D. Adventitia
A. Atherosclerosis
Special precautions for clients with hypertension include all of the following EXCEPT A. Avoiding muscle strengthening exercises that involve low resistance B. Avoiding activities that involve the Valsalva maneuver C. Monitoring a client who is taking diuretics for arrhythmias D. Avoiding exercise if resting SBP is greater than 200 mm Hg of DBP is greater than 115 mm Hg
A. Avoiding muscle strengthening exercises that involve low resistance
Which of the following muscles can produce forearm supination A. Biceps Brachii B. Triceps Brachii C. Pectoralis Major D. Brachialis Muscle
A. Biceps Brachii
Which of the following are by-products of aerobic metabolism A. Carbon dioxide and water B. Oxygen and water C. ATP and oxygen D. Hydrogen and oxygen
A. Carbon dioxide and water
The treatment modality RICES includes all of the following except A. Covering B. Ice C. Stabilization D. Rest
A. Covering
A well-designed consent document developed in consultation with a qualified legal professional provides your facility with A. Documentation of a good faith effort to educate your clients B. Legal documentation of a client's understanding of assessment procedures C. Legal immunity against lawsuits D. No legal benefit
A. Documentation of a good faith effort to educate your clients
An exercise program for elderly persons generally should emphasize increased A. Frequency B. Intensity C. Duration D. Intensity and frequency
A. Frequency
A specific benefit of regular exercise for patients with angina is A. Improved ischemic threshold at which angina symptoms occur B. Increased myocardial oxygen demand the same submaximal levels C. Eradication of all symptoms D. Elevation of BP
A. Improved ischemic threshold at which angina symptoms occur
When compared with leg exercise, arm exercise results in a relatively A. Increased HR at all intensities B. Lower SBP at all intensities C. Increased venous return at all intensities D. Increased VO2 max
A. Increased HR at all intensities
A benefit of using skinfolds to measure body fat is A. it can be used on various population groups B. It tends to be the most accurate way for measuring body composition C. Technique is not as important as with other methods of measuring body fat D. it is a great way for measuring fat distribution
A. It can be used on various population groups
Sue age 25, has come to your lab for submaximum stress testing. Your weather station in the lab reads: Humidity 65% and its 76 degrees F. What should you do A. Its not ideal, but its still ok to test her anyway B. Do NOT test her C. Those values are not out of line with recommendations, so there is no reason to not test D. Only take her to 50% of her age-predicted max
A. Its not ideal, but its still ok to test her anyway
Documentation offers important A. Liability and negligence protection B. Liability and risk prevention C. Safety and communication programs D. Billing and classification tools
A. Liability and negligence protection
Which of the following will increase stability A. Lowering the center of gravity B. Raising the center of gravity C. Decreasing the base of support D. Moving the center of gravity farther from the edge of the base of support
A. Lowering the center of gravity
What is the fitness instructor's primary responsibility in conducting an exercise test A. Maintaining a safe environment by not putting the client in danger B. Making sure that the data collected are accurate C. Completing the test D. Encouragement and support
A. Maintaining a safe environment by not putting the client in danger
The recommended muscular strength and endurance training program for apparently healthy individuals should be A. One set of 8 to 12 reps, 8 to 10 separate exercises, 2 days per week B. Two sets of 6 to 8 reps, 8 to 10 separate exercises, 2 days per week C. One set of 8 to 12 reps, 8 to 10 separate exercises, 4 to 5 days per week D. Two sets of 6 to 6 reps, 8 to 10 separate exercises, 4 days per week, and alternating days for legs and upper body
A. One set of 8 to 12 reps, 8 to 10 separate exercises, 2 days per week
Which of the following can an older person expect as a result of participation in an exercise program A. Overall improvement in the quality of life and increased independence B. No changes in the quality of life but an increase in longevity C. Increased longevity but a loss of bone mass D. Loss of bone mass with a concomitant increase in bone density
A. Overall improvement in the quality of life and increased independence
In the Social Cognitive Theory, which three major dynamic interacting influences are postulated as determining behavioral change A. Personal, behavioral, and environment B. Reinforcement, commitment, and social support C. High-risk situations, social support, and perceived control D. Stage of readiness, processes of change, and confidence
A. Personal, behavioral, and environmental
A person who has no intention of taking any action in the next 6 months would be in which stage of change A. Precontemplation B. Contemplation C. Preparation D. Action
A. Precontemplation
What would be an effective way in which to increase ones self efficacy A. Setting several attainable short-term goals to attain a long-term goal B. Setting up large, somewhat unattainable short term goals to push yourself to do better C. Focusing only on easy, short term goals to make yourself feel better about yourself D. Setting easily attainable long term goal so as not to take any chance of failing
A. Setting several attainable short-term goals to attain a long-term goal
Which of the following is an indication for terminating an exercise test A. The client wants to stop B. Blood pressure reaches 160/98 C. The maximal heart rate exceeds 190 bpm D. The RPE exceeds 15 on the standard scale
A. The client wants to stop
How should a fitness instructor advise a client with regard to progression of the exercise program A. The progression should be gradual and slow B. The progression should be at a specific increments based on a calendar schedule C. Be aggressive in increasing the program to increase fitness D. Progress the program only when the client feels ready
A. The progression should be gradual and slow
With respect to the lactate threshold, which would you expect to happen following high-intensity interval cardiovascular training A. The threshold will occur at a higher percent of VO2max B. The threshold will occur at a lower percent of VO2max C. There will be no change in where the threshold will occur
A. The threshold will occur at a higher percent of VO2max
Why are records valuable to a fitness program? A. They help in evaluation of a program B. They offer music not found on tapes or CDs C. they help to provide facts in any legal issues D. They help the front desk to monitor paid and unpaid clients
A. They help in evaluation of a program
During mild to moderate exercise, pulmonary ventilation increases primarily as a result of increased A. Tidal Volume B. Breathing frequency C. Vital capacity D. Total lung volume
A. Tidal volume
A Par-Q questionnaire is used A. To determine readiness for exercise B. To clear someone for exercise and exercise testing C. As a consent form D. A legal document that makes a person immune against any litigation
A. To determine readiness for exercise
What is the primary reason why a manager or director should conduct a needs assessment A. To determine the specific needs and interests of the target market B. To determine the quality of potential fitness instructors who could be hired in the area C. To determine the needs of management before developing the budget D. To determine the need for new or different exercise equipment
A. To determine the specific needs and interests of the target market
Using the original Borg scale, it is recommended that the exercise intensity elicit an RPE within the range of A. 8 to 12 B. 12 to 16 C. 14 to 18 D. 6 to 10
B. 12 to 16
The recommended cardiorespiratory exercise training goal for apparently healthy individuals should be A. 15 minutes, 6 times per week, at 90% HRR B. 30 minutes, 3 x per week, at 85% HRR C. 60 min, 3 x per week, at 85% HRR D. 30 min of weight training, 3x per week, at 60% of HRR
B. 30 minutes, 3 x per week, at 85% HRR
The VO2max remains relatively unchanged throughout childhood. However, after age 25, it typically decreases by A. 0% to 5% each decade B. 5% to 15% each decade C. 15% to 20% each decade D. 15% to 20% each year
B. 5% to 15% each decade
The recommended cardiorespiratory endurance exercise training program for older individuals should be A. 40 to 60% of maximum HR, 20 to 30 minutes continuously, 3 days per week B. 50 to 70% of maximum HR, 20 to 30 minutes, 3 days per week C. 40 to 60% of maximum HR, 20 to 30 minutes, 3 days per week D. 50 to 70% of HRR, 20 to 30 minutes continuously, 3 days per week
B. 50 to 70% of HRR, 20 to 30 minutes, 3 days per week
Individuals on beta blockers usually have which of the following responses A. A higher resting and exercise heart rate B. A higher functional capacity than without the medication C. A reduced capacity to exercise before the onset of angina D. A higher blood pressure at rest and exercise
B. A higher functional capacity than without the medication
Establishing specific expectations of what you are willing to do as a counselor and staying focused on exercise and physical activity issues and behavioral skills related to exercise are strategies for handling which type of participant? a. dissatisfied participant b. needy participant c. hostile participant d. shy participant
B. A needy client
I wanted to test football players, marching band, and exercise science majors on which group can squat the most. Which statistical test should I use A. Independent t-test B. ANOVA C. ANCOVA D. Pearson-product moment correlation
B. ANOVA
In general, the higher the intensity of the activity, the greater the contribution of A. Aerobic energy production B. Anaerobic energy production C. The Krebs cycle to the production of ATP D. The electron-transport chain to the production of ATP
B. Anaerobic Energy production
A client's health screening should be administered before A. Any contact with the client B. Any physical activity C. Fitness assessment or programming D. The initial "walk-through" showing of a facility
B. Any physical activity by the client at your facility
A fitness newsletter, fitness library, and bulletin boards A. Are part of staff news B. Are part of client and staff education C. Are part of facility marketing D. Require considerable money and must be budgeted carefully
B. Are part of client and staff education
Which of the following will reduce resting and exercise heart rate and blood pressure A. Calcium channel blocker B. Beta-blocker C. Nitroglycerine D. Caffeine
B. Beta-blocker
Normocardia refers to a heart rate A. Greater than 100 bpm B. Between 60 and 100 bpm C. Less than 60 bpm D. 60 beats or less
B. Between 60 and 100 bpm
Which of the following statements is true regarding body composition A. Males on average carry 30% of their weight as fat during puberty B. Body mass begins to decline in person's 70s and 80s C. Absolute fat content generally declines during puberty in both males and females D. Body composition generally only refers to the amount of fat on a person
B. Body mass begins to decline in a person's 70s and 80s
An increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and during exercise often accompanies aging. Blood pressure usually increases because of A. Increased arterial compliance and decreased stiffness B. Decreased arterial compliance and increased arterial stiffness C. Decreased in both arterial compliance and arterial stiffness D. Increase in both arterial compliance and arterial stiffness
B. Decreased arterial compliance and increased arterial stiffness
Budgets are designed to A. Make management happy B. Determine if a program is viable C. Save money D. Teach managers about cost analysis
B. Determine if a program is viable
The ankle is considered which type of joint A. Ball and Socket B. Hinge C. Pivot D. Saddle
B. Hinge
Which type of cartilage is found at the ends of long bones A. Fibrocartilage B. Hyaline C. Ligamentous D. Elastic
B. Hyaline
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding changes due to aging A. Regular exercise will stop the aging process B. Increases in VO2max in the elderly typically come from increases in oxygen extraction of the working muscles C. Aging is typically associated with reduction in percent fat D. Overall flexibility improves in aging due to collagen loss E. Thermoregulation is better in the elderly because of improvements in overall cardiovascular responses to heat and cold stress
B. Increases in VO2max in the elderly typically come from increases in oxygen extraction of the working muscles
What is the best way that an administrator can educate the fitness staff A. Voicing his or her opinion B. Joining fitness organizations, and subscribing to fitness journals C. Buying fitness videos D. Reading the newspaper
B. Joining fitness organizations, and subscribing to fitness journals
With respect to carbohydrate and fat utilization, which of the following is correct A. Low intensity exercise usually results in higher carbohydrate use than carbohydrate use B. Low intensity exercise usually results in higher fat use than carbohydrate use C. High intensity exercise typically uses a lot more blood glucose than muscle glycogen D. Low intensity exercise typically uses a lot more muscle triglycerides than blood triglycerides
B. Low intensity exercise usually results in higher fat use than carbohydrate use
The motor neuron all muscle fibers it innervates is called a A. Motor Junction B. Motor unit C. Motor end plate D. None of the above
B. Motor Unit
Advancing age brings a progressive decline in bone mineral density and calcium content; this process is accelerated in women immediately following menopause. Which condition is commonly associated with this condition A. Osteoarthritis B. Osteoporosis C. Arthritis D. Epiphysitis
B. Osteoporosis
Which of the following bones is considered a long bone A. Vertebra B. Phalange C. Scapula D. Carpal
B. Phalange
Myocardial oxygen consumption is best estimated from A. Maximal oxygen consumption B. Rate pressure product C. Cardiac output D. Heart rate
B. Rate pressure product
Verbal encouragement, materials incentives, self-praise, and use of specific contingency contracts are examples of A. Shaping B. Reinforcement C. Antecedent control D. Setting goals
B. Reinforcement
With respect to test order, which of the following is most appropriate A. 1.5 mile run, bench press, sit and reach, skinfolds, blood pressure, and heart rate B. Resting HR, resting BP, skinfolds, YMCA bike test, 1 RM bench press C. Sit and reach, blood work, 1 RM squat, treadmill test, BP, HR, skinfolds D. Bruce treadmill test, 1 RM bench, blood work, Skinfolds, sit and reach
B. Resting HR, resting BP, skinfolds, YMCA bike test, 1 RM bench press
A 62-year-old, obese factory worker complains of pain in his right shoulder on arm abduction; on evaluation, decreased ROM and strength are noted. You are also notice that he is beginning to use accessory muscles to substitute movements and to compensate. These symptoms may include A. A referred pain from a herniated lumbar disk B. Rotator cuff strain and impingement C. Angina D. Advanced stages of multiple sclerosis
B. Rotator cuff strain and impingement
An abnormal curve of the spine with lateral deviation of the vertebral column is called A. Lordosis B. Scoliosis C. Kyphosis D. Primary Curve
B. Scoliosis
Which of the following is an example of the Transtheoretical Model A. Consciousness raising B. Stimulus control C. Dramatic Relief D. Environmental reevaluation
B. Stimulus control
Which of the following tests would be recommended for someone when looking at how well the myocardium is being perfused A. Echocardiogram B. Thallium Stress test C. Dobutamine stress test D. Bruce treadmill 12-lead GXT
B. Thallium Stress test
In a second-class lever, the A. Axis located between the effort force and the resistance B. The resistance is located between the effort force and the axis C. The effort force is located between the resistance and the axis D. None of the above
B. The resistance is located between the effort force and the axis
The manager's role in staff education is A. Valuable, because it looks good to the owners B. To create many opportunities for educating the staff C. To let the staff handle their own education but also to encourage it D. Not very valuable, because member retention and sales are the key to any program
B. To create many opportunities for educating the staff
Which of the following is an example of a formative evaluation A. Doing a VO2max test to see if you qualify for the team B. Tracking your client's body fat every month for 6 months to see if your fitness and diet program is working C. Looking at your pre and post cholesterol levels after a 6 month medical trial D. Testing group A against group B on push ups
B. Tracking your client's body fat every month for 6 months to see if your fitness and diet program is working
The three mechanisms for increasing venous return during dynamic exercise are A. A decrease in SV, HR and compliance of the vascular system B. Venoconstriction, pumping action of muscle and the pumping action of the respiratory system C. An increase in vascular resistance, increase in HR and decrease in blood pressure D. None of the above
B. Venoconstriction, pumping action of muscle and the pumping action of the respiratory system
The five A's of counseling are A. Address, Asses, Act, Assist, and Arrange B. Address, Assess, Advise, Assist, and Act C. Address, Assess, Advise, Assist, and Arrange follow-up D. Act, Assess, Advise, Assist, and Arrange follow-up
C. Address, Assess, Advise, Assist, and Arrange follow-up
Which age group is the fastest growing segment of the US population A. Preadolescents B. Adolescents C. Adults aged 65 to 85 years D. Adults older than 85 years
C. Adults aged 65 to 85 years
Encouraging moderate-intensity activity and accumulation of activity throughout the day through short bouts of exercise are examples of A. Relapse prevention counseling B. Using the stages of change C. Allowing individuality in exercise choices D. Addressing the individual's agenda
C. Allowing individuality in exercise choices
All of the following factors are important to consider when determining exercise intensity EXCEPT A. An individual's level of fitness B. The risk of cardiovascular or orthopedic injury C. Any previous history participating in organized sports D. Individual preference and exercise objectives
C. Any previous history participating in organized sports
Policies and procedures are important in a fitness center, because they A. Explain how to use the fitness equipment properly B. Clarify the rights of and risks in being a fitness member C. Are general guidelines for operating a fitness program or department D. Explain the employee insurance plans and how to use them
C. Are general guidelines for operating a fitness program or department
Body fat generally increases with advancing age, particularly between childhood and early adult hood, because of A. An exponential increase in caloric consumption B. A great increase in caloric consumption and small decline in fat production C. Body fat accumulation as a result of an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure D. Alterations in resting metabolic rate
C. Body fat accumulation as a result of an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure
One of the first actions that a fitness instructor should consider in preventing injury is A. Teach the client how to warm-up and cool down B. Instruct the client on safety procedures when using the facility C. Conduct a preparticipation screening D. Instruct the client on how to use the exercise equipment safely
C. Conduct a preparticipation screening
As a result of exercise training, cardiac output becomes A. Higher at any given workload B. Lower at any given workload C. Essentially unchanged at any given workload D. Diminished because of reduced SV
C. Essentially unchanged at any given workload
If an individual is in the action stage, he or she A. Intends to start exercising in the next 6 months B. participates in some exercise, but does so irregularly C. Has been physically active on regular basis for less than 6 months D. Has been physically active on a regular basis for more than 6 months
C. Has been physically active on regular basis for less than 6 months
Fast-twitch fibers have which of the following characteristics compared with slow-twitch muscle fibers A. Easily fatigued and well-developed aerobic system B. High force production and well-developed blood supply C. High PCr stores and high ATPase stores D. None of the above
C. High PCr stores and high ATPase stores
The hamstrings are capable of which of the following movements A. Knee Extension B. Hip Flexion C. Hip extension D. Horizontal Abduction
C. Hip extension
A client taking a calcium-channel blocker most likely will exhibit which of the following responses during exercise A. Hypertensive response B. Increased ischemia C. Improved anginal thresholds D. Severe hypotension
C. Improved anginal thresholds
Muscular endurance training is best accomplished by A. Performing four to six repetitions per set B. Using high resistance C. Incorporating high repetitions D. Performing isometric exercise only
C. Incorporating high repetitions
The potential benefits and risks of an exercise test should be written in what document A. Description of services B. Safety plan C. informed consent D. Exercise waivers
C. Informed consent
The arm is capable of performing all of the following motions except A. Flexion B. Abduction C. Inversion D. Supination
C. Inversion
The deficiency of blood flow to the myocardium that results when oxygen demand exceeds oxygen supply known as A. Infarction B. Angina C. Ischemia D. Thrombosis
C. Ischemia
Which of the following conditions does not automatically qualify someone for medical clearance prior to an exercise program A. Known cardiovascular disease B. Know renal disease C. Known pulmonary disease D. Diabetes
C. Known pulmonary disease
The Transtheoretical Model assumes that individuals A. Move through the stages of behavioral change at a steady state B. Only progress forward through the stages C. Move back and forth along the stage continuum D. tend to use behavioral processes during the earlier stages of change
C. Move back and forth along the stage continuum
The entire contact area of the alpha-motor neuron and skeletal muscle is the A. Motor end Plate B. Motor unit C. Neuromuscular Junction D. Sarcollema
C. Neuromuscular Junction
Modifiable primary risk factors for CAD include _____. a. hypertension, dyslipidemia, advancing age, and tobacco smoking b. homocysteine, lipoprotein (a), C-reactive protein, and gender c. obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), tobacco smoking, and sedentary lifestyle d. tobacco smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and homocysteine
C. Obesity, high cholesterol, tobacco smoking, and sedentary lifestyle
Which of the following is characteristic of running versus walking A. Less vigorous arm action B. Decreased stride length C. Period of non-support D. Period of double-support
C. Period of non-support
Which of the following statements regarding warm-up is FALSE A. Muscle blood flow is increased as a result of warm-up B. Peripheral vasodilation occurs as a result of warm-up C. Peripheral vasoconstriction occurs as a result of warm-up D. Between 5 and 10 minutes should be allotted from a warm-up period
C. Peripheral vasoconstriction occurs as a result of warm-up
Which of the following is a method of strength and power training that involves an eccentric loading of muscles and tendon followed immediately by an explosive concentric contraction A. Super sets B. Split routines C. Plyometrics D. Periodization
C. Plyometrics
The rules and regulations of a facility are commonly referred to as A. The law B. The client rights statement C. Policies and procedures D. A check and balance for management and clients
C. Policies and procedures
In which stage of motivational readiness is a person who is an irregular exerciser A. Precontemplation B. Contemplation C. Preparation D. Action
C. Prepartion
The exercise leader or health/fitness instructor should modify exercise sessions for participants with hypertension by A. Shortening the cool-down to less than 5 minutes B. Eliminating resistance training completely C. Prolonging the cool-down D. Implementing high intensity (>85% of HRR) short duration intervals
C. Prolonging the cool-down
Which of the following is NOT a major food fuel during exercise A. Glucose B. Fatty Acids C. Protein D. Glycogen
C. Protein
The most common site used for measurement of the pulse during exercise is the A. Politeal B. Femoral C. Radial D. Dorsalis pedis
C. Radial
Which of the following is correct with respect to blood flow through the chambers of the heart A. right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium, right atrium B. Left ventricle, left atrium, right atrium, right ventricle C. Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle D. none of the above
C. Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
Which of the following ECG abnormalities is often associated with ischemia A. Upright T waves B. S-T segment elevation in all leads C. S-T segment depression D. Elevated P waves
C. S-t segment depression
An appropriate exercise for improving the strength of the low back muscles are A. Straight leg lifts B. Parallel squats C. Spinal extension exercises D. Sit-ups with feet anchored
C. Spinal extension exercises
Which of the following would generally be the preferred mode of exercise for an elderly person A. Jogging B. Calisthenics C. Swimming D. Archery
C. Swimming
Which of the following are symptoms of hypoglycemia A. Hypotension B. Cold, clammy skin C. Tachycardia and slurred speech D. Bronchospasms and hyperventilation
C. Tachycardia and slurred speech
Incident reports are important because A. They inform the manager which employees are performing poorly B. They indicate which members are problematic and should be dismissed C. They document and give details of any incident of problem that occurs D. State laws often require them
C. They document and give details of any incident of problem that occurs
Which of the following terms best describes the ability of a force to cause rotation of a lever A. Center of gravity B. Base of support C. Torque D. Stability
C. Torque
For optimal cardiovascular as well as balance and flexibility adaptations, and elderly person generally should exercise how many days per week A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 to 7
D. 5 to 7
Which of the following would assist anxious people before an exercise test A. Ask them to sit quietly in a chair for a few minutes B. Thoroughly explain the exercise test C. Familiarize them with the exercise equipment by brief practice D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of CAD A. Injury to the arterial wall begins in the Tunica Media B. Platelets and thrombi form in the Tunica Adventitia C. The endothelium takes up lipids, especially LDL D. Atherosclerotic lesions form in the Tunica Intima
D. Atherosclerotic lesions form in the Tunica Intima
Which of the following exercise is NOT contraindicated A. Hurdler's Stretch B. Full neck circles C. Standing toe touch D. Back extension to normal standing lumbar lordosis
D. Back extension to normal standing lumbar lordosis
Which of the following statements regarding cool-down FALSE A. The emphasis should be on large muscle activity performed at a low to moderate intensity B. Increasing venous return should be a priority during cool-down C. The potential for improving flexibility may by improved during cool-down as compared with warm-up D. Between 1 and 2 are recommended for an adequate cool-down
D. Between 1 and 2 minutes are recommended for an adequate cool-down
Metabolic Syndrome (Syndrome X) is comprised of A. Elevated TC, obesity, diabetes, and physical inactivity B. Central obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol, diabetes, and physical inactivity C. HDL cholesterol, cigarette smoking, hypertension, and physical inactivity D. Central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and insulin resistance
D. Central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and insulin resistance
Controlling pool water temperature (83-88 F), avoiding jarring and weight-bearing activities, and avoiding movement in swollen, inflamed joints are special considerations for exercise in A. Clients after atherectomy B. Clients with angina C. Clients with osteoporosis D. Clients with arthritis
D. Clients with arthritis
You want to know if your new weight training program has any affect on body fat. Therefore, you test 20 subjects before your program and then 2 months after. Which statistical test make the most sense to use A. Independent t-test B. ANOVA C. Correlation D. Dependent t-test
D. Dependent t-test
Which of the following muscle groups is most likely weak when slapping of the foot occurs during heel strike and increased knee flexion during the swing phases are observed A. Gluteus medius and minimus B. Quadriceps femoris C. Plantarflexors D. Dorsifelxors
D. Dorsiflexors
Strenuous exercise can predispose children to which of the following A. Osteoporosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Malignant tumors D. Epiphysitis
D. Epiphysitis
The goal for the obese exercise participant should be to A. Sweat as much as possible B. Exercise at 85% of HRR C. Perform resistance exercises three to five times per week D. Expend about 2000 kcal per week
D. Expend about 2000 kcal per week
Emerging risk factors for CAD include A. Advancing age, family history, and male gender B. Impaired fasting glucose, obesity and hypertension C. Lipoprotein(a), advancing age, and male gender D. Homocysteine, lipoprotein(a) and fibrinogen
D. Homocysteine, lipoprotein(a) and fibrinogen
Staff certification is A. Not importance, because members do not care B. Important, primarily because it adds spice to marketing materials C. Not a good Idea, because certified staff will increase your payroll D. Important, primarily because it adds a standard of knowledge and credibility to your facility
D. Important, primarily because it adds a standard of knowledge and credibility to your facility
Routine exercise testing before initiating vigorous exercise is only recommended for which of the following A. Low risk CVD individuals B. moderate risk of CVD individuals C. Individuals over 60 years of age D. Individuals with known cardiovascular, metabolic and renal disease
D. Individuals with known cardiovascular, metabolic and renal disease
Which of the following statements about static exercise is accurate A. As far as we know it has no positive effect on blood pressure B. It is inappropriate for any client with heart disease C. It involves rhythmic, continuous activity D. It results in increased HR and DBP
D. It results in increased HR and DBP
Before and after 10 weeks of endurance training, an individual performs a submaximal exercise test at a constant work rate. Which of the following changes would most likely occur as a result of the endurance training? A. A lower cardiac output B. An increase in oxygen consumption C. An increase in the blood flow to the exercising muscle D. Lower blood lactate levels
D. Lower blood lactate levels
Which statement is True regarding the Bruce treadmill protocol A. It is the best to test for any CAD problems B. It is one of the best low-level protocols and is mostly used for deconditioned individuals C. It is the best protocol for all populations including geriatric, kids, cardiac, pulmonary, etc D. Most MDs are familiar with it and understand what it means, for example, to go 12 minutes on a Bruce
D. Most MDs are familiar with it and understand what it means, for example, to go 12 minutes on a Bruce
Which muscle protein contains many cross-bridges A. Myofibril B. Sarcomere C. Troponin D. Myosin
D. Myosin
Which of the following is used as a normative-based reference standard A. Benching 150 lbs to make the team B. The score needed to get an A on an exam C. High blood pressure of 140/90 D. Obtaining your VO2max and deciding if you are in the average category for someone your age
D. Obtaining your VO2max and deciding if you are in the average category for someone your age
Osteoporosis is more prevalent in A. Women who have never been pregnant B. African-American Women C. women who are involved in activities that place stress on the wrists, hips, and lumbosacral region D. Postmenopausal women
D. Postmenopausal women
Functions of bone include all of the following except A. Support for the body B. Protection of organs and tissues C. Production of red blood cells D. Production of Force
D. Production of Force
Which of the following muscles can produce hip flexion A. Biceps Femoris B. Vastus Lateralis C. Soleus D. Rectus Femoris
D. Rectus Femoris
Which of the following statements regarding exercise for the elderly is FALSE A. A decrease in maximal HR is responsible for reductions in the maximal oxygen consumption as we age B. A loss of fat-free mass is responsible for the decrease in muscular strength as we age C. The ACSM recommends a cardiorespiratory training intensity of 50% to 70% of HRR for older adults D. Resistance exercise training is not recommended for older adults
D. Resistance exercise training is not recommended for older adults
All of the following musculoskeletal changes typically occur with advancing age EXCEPT A. Decreased flexibility B. Impaired balance C. Inhibited range of motion D. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy
D. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy
Beyond the general safety parameters, such as keeping equipment in good repair, a facility must create a safe environment for any individual, especially A. Guest clients B. Staff C. Health care providers D. Special populations
D. Special populations
In an effort to improve flexibility, the ACSM recommends A. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation B. Ballistic stretching C. The plough and hurdler's stretch D. State stretches held for 10 to 30 seconds per repetition
D. State stretches held for 10 to 30 seconds per repetition
Which of the following is an example of a 3rd class lever system A. The head perched on top of the cervical vertebrae B. The calf muscles during plantar flexion C. A wheelbarrow D. The Biceps Brachii during flexion
D. The biceps brachii during flexion
You want to measure cardiovascular fitness on Steve, but he is very close obese. Which test is most appropriate A. Bruce protocol treadmill test B. Harvard step test C. 1.5 mile run D. YMCA cycle ergometer test
D. YMCA cycle ergometer test
Which of the following strategies is likely to be most effective in helping a person to maintain his or her physical activity A. Schedule check-in appointments B. Reduce barriers C. Increase benefits D. Educate regarding different types of exercise E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Angular Motion occurs when A. A force is applied off-center to a freely moveable object B. When a force is applied at the center of gravity of a freely moving object C. An object is free to move only in a linear path D. When a force is applied to a segment that is only freely move at one end E. All of the Above F. Both A and D are correct
F. Both A and D are correct