SGNL 1402 Final

Agreement Verbs

The "who did what to whom" Can be modified to show the subject and object of the sentence Usually begin in the location of the subject and moves toward the object - Examples: HELP, SHOW, LOOK, say-NO-to, HATE, TEACH, HIT, etc. Subject to object relationship examples - From me to you - From you to me - From someone to another

PARENTING CHALLENGES: If deaf parents only want to have deaf kids, what happens if they end up having hearing kids?

To deaf people, deafness is a part of their self image that they cherish. They value the "Deaf" part of themselves, and wish to share it with their children, to transmit those cherished qualities, that identify to them.

ASL stands for American Sign Language

True

Braidwood's philosophy was an oral approach

True

Pre-lingually deafness occurs before speech and language

True

classifier for CL:F would be a button, watch, and coin

True

in 1966, the NAD fought for the right of a Deaf couple in California to adopt a foster child

True

when asking wh- questions, lower eyebrows, lean head forward, and hold the last sign

True

In the late 19th century, deaf people were discouraged from entering the teaching profession and sign language was no longer permitted in the classroom

True (Sign Language Dark Ages: 400s-1200s or 19th century)

when fingerspelling a word, try to see the shape and movement pattern, keep your hand slightly to the right of your face, and below your chin, and avoid bouncing each letter

True (for right handed person)

Through the years of the first world war and the depression, attempts to improve Deaf people's lives were given priority, as it was true for most minority groups

False

who did the studies of Deaf culture and community that made it worthwhile?

deaf scholars

how to show action

verbs signed in pairs

DEAF CULTURE: Are there any things deaf people can't do?

- " deaf people can do anything hearing people can do but hear" - Some jobs are hard for deaf people can not reasonably hold - For example being a fire fighter it is very hard to hear all alarms and sounds

DEAF CULTURE: Do deaf people show a slight difference in their facial anatomy?

- "Deafness has been called "the invisible handicap", and not without reason. It has long been argued that deaf people are not recognizable as "deaf" - unless they wear hearing aids or other visible devices." - A lot of people don't know someone is deaf till the deaf person starts signing.

DEAF CULTURE: Do deaf people have more common sense than hearing people?

- "If Deaf people had the edge in life-smarts, we wouldn't have this nasty Deaf-against-Deaf business to contend with every day of our lives." - "One problem facing all deaf people is that being deaf entails being cut off from a lot of information that hearing people absorb naturally. In that respect, we're at a disadvantage." - "If deaf people were universally smarter than hearing people, we think we'd be seeing a lot more happy, well-adjusted, productive, pulled-together deaf people with much the same bad habits and emotional mess-ups as hearing people."

DEAF CULTURE: Why are deaf people always afraid to try new things?

- "Persons who dislike technology are technophobes, are culturally- deaf people technophobes?" - "Cochlear implants have proven to be a divisive issue in the community, even if the initial furore has quitted down."

PARENTING CHALLENGES:When deaf people meet deaf parents of a new baby, they always ask if the baby's deaf or hearing. Why?

- 10% of deaf parents have deaf children - When seeing a baby for the first time, all hearing people ask "is the baby healthy?" but all deaf people ask "deaf or hearing?" They want to understand the baby's cultural identity since deaf identity is as important or more important than being "healthy."

THE ARTS: Do signsongs make sense?

- Deaf people find them to be confusing as they are performed in straight signed english. -Hearing people applaud, cheer, and think it's absolutely beautiful. - They are more of a Hearing form of expression than a Deaf one.

Cultural: Keeping others informed

- Deaf people have a cohesive and mutually supportive community. - Deaf people in everyday conversations share information about their daily lives and talk about families, friends, what they've been doing, problems they are having, and community news and events - Develop these habits: - If you are late or need to leave early, inform others with a brief explanation - If you are leaving for just a little, tell others why and when you'll be back - If you leave a group conversation, even if you're not directly involved, tell somebody so they are able to inform the group if needed

ASL RELATIONSHIPS: My wife is deaf. I'm hearing. When we enter the deaf community, why do I feel I'm from an alien nation? I want to fit in... but how?

- In a word, love. In another, commitment. - Deaf and Hearing partners find each other attractive because of their difference but they are balanced with a degree of commonality. - The "alien" partner should count on getting moral support from the "belonging" one. - To help the situation, try to throw a seasonal or theme party for the Deaf acquaintances. - Great guests with your name sign. - And Best of luck with the doughnuts.

THE ARTS: What is De'VIA? Do all deaf artists create it?

- It is possible for Deaf artists to not work in the area of De'VIA - De'VIA is created when the artist intends to express their Deaf experience through visual art - Deaf Artists are those who use art in any form, media or subject matter, and who are held to the same artistic standard as other artists

ASL RELATIONSHIPS: How can Deaf and hearing people socialize if they don't know each other's languages?

- LL, one of the writer's had a friend who had a cleft hand so she can't really sign. They each carry around a pen and paper handy. - Deaf people typically have hearing neighbors, and they want to be good neighbors and good ambassadors for the Deaf community. - The other writer held different events each with interpreters, but there were still clusters. - People try to establish communication. - LL married a hearing man, lasted 6 years, said it was mistake but gave him wonderful memories and a priceless insight.

DEAF CULTURE: Is there anything to be gained from faking being Deaf?

- Many people have faked being deaf to gain sympathy and attention. Some people have done it to try to experience what being Deaf is like. However, in the book a Deaf person wrote: - "Plugging your ears and going through a day without auditory input might give you a hint of how it feels to be deaf, but at day's end, you can take the plugs out and resume your customary activities... If you wish to bond with Deaf community you are welcome to learn ASL, support Deaf schools, artists, writers, craftspeople, performers, theaters and businesses. No fakery needed; just bring (and be) yourself."

ASL RELATIONSHIPS: How do Deaf people cope in situations where they're with hearing people who can't sign?

- Some Deaf people carry around a jot book or notepad to communicate with if needed. It can be used for giving hearing people directions or even just writing down the names of book titles or ideas the person is interested in. - Being upfront is important, often times when a Deaf person is with hearing people the first thing they will tell their peers is "I'm Deaf." They are not apologizing for being Deaf, they just want to inform others who don't know them that they are. - Deaf/hearing conversation take patience but can be a positive and education experience.

THE ARTS: Can Deaf people appreciate music at all?

- There are many possible responses, as deaf people show a tremendous variety of reactions. - There are some that enjoy booming rhythms or dancing to an amplified percussion. - Most Deaf people don't enjoy music, as they don't understand it

ASL RELATIONSHIPS: What problems, difficulties, or challenges would a 'hearing and deaf' couple face as they relate to one another (i.e., dating, marriage)?

- There are two languages and cultures to be taken into consideration at all times - Communication is hard because hearing and Deaf people express their ideas differently - A strong hearing candidate for a Deaf/hearing relationship is one who has strong ASL skills, is willing to get involved in the Deaf community and understands the differences between the Deaf and hearing world. - The keys to any successful relationship are honesty, trust, and communication. With those intact any challenge can be conquered.

THE ARTS: Do you have a problem with hearing performers playing Deaf roles?

- Traditionally, hearing actors were selected to play deaf characters. This created stereotypes. - Most of the Deaf community does not agree with hearing actors portraying Deaf characters. Many feel that hearing people do not properly portray Deaf characters. - Still, few Deaf people do not mind and appreciate the artistic freedom.

THE ARTS: Di d Deaf people play any part in movie history?

- Yes they did! In the silent-film era, Deaf people became actors and extras in Movies. - More men than women found work in this area. - Some Deaf people worked as directors and actors for movies that were only made for the Deaf community.

DEAF CULTURE: Are deaf people still stereotyped? How? What kind of stereotypes are still popular?

- Yes, deaf people are still stereotyped today. - One way they are stereotyped is by being seen as "...solitary social outcasts, terribly alone, more alienated than hearing characters." - "Stereotypes are a problem for us when they are used to keep us "in place", to restrict our freedom, to curtail out ambitions, to reinforce low expectations, and to legitimize prejudge and negative misconceptions." - "Stereotypical thinking is a symptom of ignorance. Ignorance is the most devastating of all disabilities, but the most easily cured. All one needs is a dose of education, and the willingness to absorb it.

Suggest places to eat

- recommend a place - describe the place/food/location/rate the place - explain any drawbacks

agree with conditions

- yes, but first... There are two ways to agree with a condition. 1. By telling what must happen first - Express willingness (nod) - Give condition (raised head and eyebrows, shift side to side) - Tell what you will do (when clause, nod) - Check if person agrees (raise eyebrows, lean head forward, hold sign) 2. By telling what must happen in return - Express willingness (nod) - Gove condition (raise head and eyebrows) - Tell what is expected - Check if person agrees (raise eyebrows, lean head forward, hold sign)

THE ARTS: Which films have guaranteed appeal for Deaf viewers?

1.Action Movies: little dialogue, very entertaining 2.Read the Book First: make it easy to follow story 3.Subtitled Foreign Films 4.Release of Captioned DVD: especially when there's a lot of dialogue 5.Silent Films: not as many made today but classics are great to watch

DEAF CULTURE: What are some of the most common misconceptions about Deaf people?

1.Deaf people live in a World of silence. 2.Deaf people can't talk; they make no noise. 3.Deaf people can't drive because they are dangerous. 4.Deaf people can't vote. 5.All deaf people can lipread. These are the most popular misconceptions about deaf people but there are many more

American School for the Deaf established in Hartford, Connecticut

1817

What year was the National Association for the Deaf founded in Cincinnati, Ohio?

1880

what year did the first linguistic study for ASL get published?

1965

what section of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 signed into law in 1978?

504

PARENTING CHALLENGES: What is parental choice?

A phrase used by cochlear implants/auditory-oral advocates who oppose ASL and english bilingualism. Parents decisions make a big impact on their children and it is important for them to be educated on all their options.

what type of law requires all technical devices to be used for Deaf individuals? (passed in 1990)

ADA

Cultural: Minimizing Interruptions

Arriving late - The right time to interrupt - Wait at door or just outside of the semicircle until there is an appropriate break in the teachers presentation - Then move forward and get teachers attention - Briefly apologize and get permission to take your seat - Quick apology and explanation of tardiness - After getting permission, take your seat Leaving during class - NOT polite to just walk out quietly - The right time to interrupt - Wait for an appropriate break in the teachers presentation - Then get up/get teachers attention - If urgent, get up and look at the teacher as you move toward door - Apologize and get permission to leave - Briefly excuse yourself and explain why you need to leave - After getting permission, you may leave the room

Qualities

Comparing Qualities in an interview - USE CONTRASTIVE STRUCTURE - 1st person on NON-dominant side, 2nd on dominant - names, how they are related, what they look like, what they do, ages, etc. - Ask "Which" Questions - Which is more... - Which is better...

Restaurant

Describe Examples on page 195 and page 199 Include some or all of these when describing a restaurant: - Table or counter and seating arrangement - Wall decorations - Lighting Then describe unique features (unusual facade, a table, menu, view, etc.) - These help the listener understand why this restaurant is special Use Classifiers - Specific handshapes used to represent nouns according to their: - Shape (flat, cylindrical, bulky, etc.) - Location (on wall, on floor, on table, etc.) - Movement (flashing, flowing, splatter, dripping, etc.) - Arrangement (in row, in U-shape, random placement, etc.) - Descriptive Classifiers - Describe size and shape of counters and tables, the shapes, patterns, and textures of walls - Locative Classifiers - Indicate the arrangement of tables in the area and objects on wall - Element Classifiers - Describe intensity, movement, and direction of things that are not solid such as rays of light, mist or water, fire in a forest, and wind

how to sign year

Divide the 4 digits into 2 sets of numbers - Ex: 1984- sign 19 then 84 Years with 11-15 - Movement of these numbers is not repeated - For 13, 14, and 15 the movement goes outward Years Beginning with 20 - Tapping movement is not repeated - Slight movement to your dominant side Years ending with 1-9 - Last 2 numbers are signed as individual numbers - Ex: 1907- sign 19 then 0 then 7 - Move away from body on dominant side Years with 00 in middle - Sign first number, slide a 0 away from body on dominant side, sign last number

Signing to Professor (Bonus on Final Exam)

Examples of what you might be asked to sign: - you know where Freebirds? yes, one across from TAMU University Drive - Shoot! This Building front door is locked. - Me! Hungry! Sandwich drink me buy where? - Intersection HWY6 & Fitch PKWY... several stores around HEB, Lowe's, Chick-fil-a

making requests

Explain the situation - You're asking for a favor of someone, which requires their time and resources, so you need to explain and justify your request Making a request - Use sign to signal you are making a request - Use a pleading facial expression while signing request

ASL is a visual-auditory language

False

PARENTING CHALLENGES: Deaf culture advocates encourage deaf people to hate their hearing parents?

False

Personal pronouns uses 5-B hand to demonstrate sign such as I, you, etc.

False

Possessive pronouns use index finger to demonstrate signs such as me, your, etc.

False

PARENTING CHALLENGES: Hearing parents should relinquish custody of deaf children to deaf advocates?

False. It is simply an idea called the "handover grip" to help with parents intentions and motivations with deaf children.

Videos: Sweet Nothings In My Ear

Family arguments about son getting cochlear implant

Cultural: Greeting and Leaving

Greetings and goodbyes help maintain ties with the Deaf community Greetings - When you see people often (like in class) it is expected that you say hi when entering the room and bye when leaving - When somebody says hi you are expected to return it - If you know the person or haven't seen them in a while, a hug or handshake and a follow up question ("How are you?") are common - If you see another student or teacher outside of class, say hi, give a simple nod, or say a quick comment in passing - It is considered rude to walk by somebody and not acknowledge them Following a Greeting - "Whats up?", "How are you?", other conversation begins - Not awkward to say how you are truly doing, acceptable to say generic statement like "Im fine, thanks." Goodbye - When leaving a group setting (like the classroom) it is polite to say goodbye to others - Scan the room to say goodbye to those that make eye contact with you

PARENTING CHALLENGES: Why do most deaf parents raise a hearing child better than hearing parents of a deaf child?

Hearing children of hearing parents begin communicating by babbling, then putting sounds together, playfully, then making recognizable words, then forming complete sentences, expanding their vocabulary daily. Hearing children of deaf parents often lack this vital auditory/oral feedback process.

asking for advice

Know the ask for advice sign and the giving advice sign (page 115) Ask for advice sign - Tapping pointer finger and thumb together on both hands Give advice sign - Five shape on dominant hand, thumb to chin, move hand out in front of body When explaining the situation before asking for advice, describe situation in depth and make sure that listener understands situation before requesting advice

Describe items

Identifying a Person - Describe 1 or 2 things that help listener spot the person quickly - Consider things that distinguish person from others - Body position, appearance (height, body type, head and face, or hair), clothing (color, pattern), etc. Describing Personal Items - Items that are not present - Give clear detailed description of item - Description moves from general to specific - Ex: size->shape->cut->details Clothes/Bags/Glasses/Hats/etc. - Name item (& color if only one) - Size and shape - Pattern or detail

PARENTING CHALLENGES: On what basis do parents of newly-diagnosed deaf babies commit to a particular approach?

It depends on the background, values and beliefs of the parents.

discussing neighborhoods

Look over types of areas (page 156), types of neighborhoods (page 158), types of people (page 161), Places - Look over vocab (page 159 and page 168) Describe - Look over vocab from page 156 to 167 Describing your neighborhood narrative outline (page 177) - Tell where you live - Kind of residence, what city or district - How long you've lived there, who you live with - Tell what your neighborhood is like - Type of area or neighborhood (page 156, page 158) - What is nearby and convenient (page 159, page 168) - Who lives in your neighborhood (page 161) - Tell what is next to your residence - Tell what you like about residence - Tell what you don't like about residence - Tell about future plans Giving Directions - Use horizontal map orientation with a street view rather than reading a map view - Use the signer's perspective (become signer and see location through their eyes) - Facial expressions indicate whether something is close or far - Non-dominant hand maintains location of something, dominant hand moves to show directions - Nod and point to make location clear at the end - Look at examples (page 184) - Where to turn (3 different ways) 1. Tell how far, distance (# of blocks, all the way down) 2. Refer to a landmark (corner, business, stoplight, school, etc.) 3. Refer to the intersection (name the cross street)

months

Month Abbreviations: - January- JAN, February- FEB, March- MARCH, April- APRIL, May- MAY, June- JUNE, July- JULY, August- AUG, September- SEPT, October- OCT, November- NOV, December- DEC How many months 1-9 months - Hold # on dominant hand, pointer finger up on non dominant hand, slide number from tip of finger to wrist 10 or more months - Give the number first - Then sign month with the number 1 on dominant hand

19th century oral approach and combined approach percentages

Oral is 80% (36 states) Combined is 20% (8 states)

PARENTING CHALLENGES: What kind of summer programs are best for deaf teens?

Over 100 summer camp opportunities, nonprofit agencies sponsor local summer programs. Some programs are ASL based and others are not ASL based.

DEAF CULTURE: Living in a world without sound is horrible, isn't it?

People who are not educated say living without sound is a cold and dark world - This is called negative framing - People are not educated about deafness and automatically assume it is a horrible world just because you cannot hear - Deaf people can enjoy all the same qualities of life like hearing people the only difference is they cannot hear

Cultural: Name Signs

Used when referring to a person or pointing out a person NOT used to address the person directly Name signs given by parents, deaf adults, or deaf peers in school & community 2 types of name signs (Descriptive and Arbitrary) 1. Descriptive name signs - The norm in many Deaf communities around the world - Derived from a physical or behavioral characteristic of a person - Ex: "dimples", "frizzy hair", "big eyes", "laughs a lot", etc. - Can be derived from what the persons written name means - Ex: last name fish can be signed as a fish - In the US, these are often used by children and young adults to identify others (such as teachers or houseparents in the school) but are usually shed in adulthood for the more traditional name signs 2. Arbitrary name signs - The norm in American Deaf communities in past and currently - There is a trend of among the Deaf parents to give descriptive name signs to their children - No intrinsic meaning connected to a person's identity other than the initials - Some families aim to keep a similar pattern of name signs for all of the family members (different sign but same location, same hand shape but different location) - These use the initial letter of the first name (sometimes last) - Hand shape, contact point, location, and movement of the initial are rule-governed to create an acceptable name signs - Probably made by Deaf educators in the early 19th century, one of whom was Laurent Clerc, a deaf frenchman. At this time in France, a similar tactic was used. We assume this influenced the Deaf education system. Changing name signs - In the case of 2 people in a Deaf community with the same name sign, 1 or both signs are modified to distinguish the different people - Add second hand shape for last name - Add sign to refer to a physical or behavioral difference in people - Usually younger or newcomer gets name modification - Names also change when a person enters a careers where it's more proper to spell out last name or use initial of last name rather than usr their first name

THE ARTS: Have Deaf actors made breakthroughs a TV?

YES and NO - Switched at Birth - A Quiet Place - Sesame Street

THE ARTS: Is there Deaf literature?

Yes

Mouth Morphemes (matching 10-15, don't need examples)

study MM quizlet