SHS 375: Exam 2

CLO 3.5: The shape of the laryngeal waveform determines timbre of the sound: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.2: Children have a shorter vocal tract than adults: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.3: Characteristics of speech is shaped by characteristics of vocal folds and articulators: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.3: Each time the vocal folds snap shut, it initiates a pressure wave that propagates through the vocal tract: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.3: Theoretical resonant frequencies are calculated purely based on area function of the vocal tract: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.4: As the constriction created by the tongue moves toward the front of the mouth, the second formant frequency increases: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.4: In English, back vowels have more lip rounding than front vowels: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.4: Lip rounding increases the length of the vocal tract: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.4: Tongue Advancement correlates well with the second formant frequency: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.2: There is only 1 unique closed-at-one-end tube that can amplify a tuning fork with the frequency of 500 Hz: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 4.5: Narrowband spectrograms are better suited to see harmonic structure: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 4.3: During production of the /i/, the vocal tract has a shape similar to a tube having uniform cross-sectional area from the glottis to the lips: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 4.4: Perturbation theory can quantitively and accurately predict effects of constrictions on resonant frequencies of tubes: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 4.5: Narrowband spectrograms highlight the overall shape of amplitude spectrum (spectrum envelope): T or F?

FALSE

CLO 4.5: Spectrum contains time domain information: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 4.5: Wideband spectrograms are better suited to see formant frequencies: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.2: What is the spectral slop for healthy normal voice? A.) 12 dB reduction in amplitude per octave increase in frequency B.) 24 dB reduction in amplitude per octave increase in frequency C.) 24 dB increase in amplitude per octave increase in frequency D.) 12 dB increase in amplitude per octave increase in frequency

Answer: A

CLO 3.3: Shimmer is: A.) Random cycle-to-cycle variability in amplitude B.) Complete range of frequencies that an individual can generate C.) Random cycle-to-cycle variability in fundamental frequency D.) None of the above

Answer: A

CLO 4.1: Filters and resonators_________frequency components of input signals that match their resonant frequencies: A.) amplify/pass B.) attenuate

Answer: A

CLO 4.2: A decrease in the length of a tube__________all resonant frequencies. A.) Increases B.) Decreases C.) None of the above

Answer: A

CLO 3.2: For healthy normal voice, vocal folds are open in ________ % of a cycle. A.) 40 B.) 60 C.) 10 D.) 50

Answer: B

CLO 3.3: What is the average fundamental frequency for boys and girls(3-10yrs.)? A.) 100-200 Hz B.) 270-300 Hz C.) 350-500 Hz D.) 600-1000 Hz

Answer: B

CLO 3.4: Calculate the Percent Jitter for the values .009, .008, .01, .007 & .006. Which is the correct Percentage? A.) 32.56% B.) 21.74% C.) 62.71% D.) 22.11%

Answer: B

CLO 3.5: A normal healthy voice has a spectral slope close to _______________. A.) 6 dB/octave B.) 12 dB/octave C.) 18 dB/octave D.) 24 dB/octave

Answer: B

CLO 4.1: A periodic signal with F0=100 Hz passes through a filter (see below for frequency representation of the input signal and the filter). This filter will pass/amplify _________. A.) First harmonic B.) Second harmonic C.) Third harmonic D.) First and second harmonics

Answer: B

CLO 4.1: Filters and resonators ___________frequency components of input signals that do not match their resonant frequencies: A.) amplify/pass B.) attenuate

Answer: B

CLO 4.1: The following filter amplifies/passes components of an input signal that their frequencies are close to _________. (The height of the filter is represented at 500 Hz) A.) 400 Hz B.) 500 Hz C.) 600 Hz D.) 1000 Hz

Answer: B

CLO 3.3: Jitter is: A.) Random cycle-to-cycle variability in amplitude B.) Complete range of frequencies that an individual can generate C.) Random cycle-to-cycle variability in fundamental frequency D.) None of the above

Answer: C

CLO 3.3: What is average F0 range for infants? A.) 100-200 Hz B.) 250-350 Hz C.) 350-500 Hz D.)600-1000 Hz

Answer: C

CLO 3.5: Which is more likely to have a strong low frequency? A.) 6 dB/octave B.) 12 dB/octave C.) 18 dB/octave

Answer: C

CLO 4.2: What happens to resonant frequencies of a one-end-closed tube if we increase its length? A.) All resonant frequencies increase B.) Resonant frequencies do not change C.) All resonant frequencies decrease D.) Only the first and second resonant frequencies chang

Answer: C

CLO 4.5: Spectrograms contain _____________ information: A.) Time-domain B.) Frequency domain C.) Both time domain and frequency domain D.) None of the above

Answer: C

CLO 3.1: To find the laryngeal source we must: A.) Estimate the filter (vocal tract) B.) Estimate the inverse of the filter C.) Pass the measured speech through the inverse filter D.) All the Above

Answer: D

CLO 3.2: Laryngeal source has: A.) Harmonics B.) Laryngeal Source C.) Fundamental Frequency D.) All the Above

Answer: D

CLO 3.2: What is skewing quotient? A.) Ratio of each cycle the folds are open B.) Ratio of the time in each cycle the folds are moving outward, by the time in which they are moving inward C.) Is a measure of symmetry of vocal folds motion D.) B and C

Answer: D

CLO 3.3: Typically, in voice disorders ______________. A.) Jitter is Increased B.) Shimmer is Increased C.) HNR is Increased D.) A and B

Answer: D

CLO 3.5: In general, a laryngeal source with__________ has more high frequencies harmonics. A.) a small open quotient B.) a large skewing quotient C.) a 'jagged' waveform D.) all of the above

Answer: D

CLO 3.5: Which spectral slope corresponds to a voice with stronger low frequencies than high frequencies. A.) 6 dB/octave B.) 12 dB/octave C.) 18 dB/octave D.) 24 dB/octave

Answer: D

CLO 4.2: What is the frequency representation of a tube with one closed end and length of 0.1 ms (c=340/ms). A.) 500, 1000, 1500 Hz B.) 850, 1700, 2550 Hz C.) 850, 1500, 1500 Hz D.) 850, 2550, 4250 Hz

Answer: D

CLO 4.3: Vocal folds can change _________. A.) The source signal B.) F0 C.) Spectral slope D.) Harmonics E.) All of the above

Answer: E

CLO 3.1: Recovering laryngeal source does not depend on the quality of filter estimation, quality of inverse filter & quality of output signal measurement: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.2: For healthy normal voice, vocal folds open rapidly and close slowly: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.3: For normal voice, shimmer is very large: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.4: Clear and normal voice (smooth and synchronized vocal folds movement) is typically associated with higher shimmer: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.4: The equation for Percent Shimmer is: (Mean Period/Mean Shimmer) x 100: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.5: A breathy voice is produced when vocal folds are tightly and fully adducted: T or F?

FALSE

CLO 3.1: To find laryngeal source, one was is to directly measure vocal folds displacement: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.2: Assuming the open phase of vocal folds motion is constant, as the opening interval increases the spectral slope become shallower: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.2: The frequency of the vocal fold vibration is called the fundamental frequency (F0): T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.3: Higher HNR means more periodicity and less aperiodicity in the voice: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.4: The equation for Percent Jitter is: (Mean Jitter/ Mean Period) x 100: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.1: Electroglottograph (EGG) indirectly measures vocal folds vibration: T or F?

TRUE

CLO 3.1: In an inverse filter, where the filter attenuates, the inverse filter amplifies: T or F?

TRUE