Skeletal System
Bone deposition
Addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone by osteoblasts
interstitial lamellae
Are believed to be fragments of older osteons that have been partially destroyed during bone rebuilding or growth.
Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
Consist of large, maturing chondrocytes arranged in columns
Yellow bone marrow
Consists mainly of adipose cells
Metaphyses
Contains an epiphyseal plate choices: -None of the above -Epiphyses -Articular cartilage -Metaphyses -Diaphyses
Medullary cavity
Contains the yellow bone marrow and numerous blood vessels
Zone of proliferating cartilage
Divide and secrete extracellular matrix
Diaphysis (long bone)
Growing between:
Calcitriol & PTH
If the calcium in the blood decreases, the function of the following hormones will increase:
osteocyte
Maintains bone tissue:
9-11 mg / 100 ml
Normal calcium in the blood:
Bone remodeling
Ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue.
Bone resorption
Removal of minerals and collage fibers by osteoclasts
reactive phase
Stage in bone repair in which there is hematoma formation:
Osteoclast
Target cells for drug therapy used to treat osteoporosis
EPIDERMIS - Nervous tissues - Cartilage - Dense connective tissue
The bone is made of the following tissues, except:
NONE OF THE ABOVE - Support - Assistance in movement - Blood cell production - Protection
The following are the basic functions of the skeletal system, except:
PERIOSTEAL ARTERIES - epiphyseal arteries - nutrient arteries - metaphyseal arteries
The following arteries supply blood to the red bone marrow except:
CALCITONIN
The following hormones increases the calcium in the blood except? -CALCITONIN -PTH -AOTA -Calcitriol -NOTA
EPIPHYSEAL VEIN
The following supply blood to the bone, except: - Epiphyseal vein - Metaphyseal artery - Nutrient artery - Epiphyseal artery
Zone of resting cartilage
Zone of the epiphyseal plate that does not function in bone growth
Osteon
The structural unit of a bone:
nutrient veins
These veins exit through the diaphyses: -periosteal veins -epiphyseal and metaphseal veins -epiphyseal veins -metaphyseal veins -nutrient veins
Nutrient artery
This artery supplies the inner part of the compact bone:
EASILY REPAIRS SINCE IT IS HIGH VASCULARIZED - Is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage - Reduces friction and absorbs shock - Covers the epiphysis
True regarding the articular cartilage, except:
NONE OF THE ABOVE
True regarding the cancellous bone tissue except: - NONE OF THE ABOVE - made up of irregular lamellae called trabeculae - formed to resist stress - the interior of the bone is protected by the compact bone
NONE OF THE ABOVE -made up of 65% calcium phosphate - made up of 15% water - made up of 30% collagen
True regarding the extracellular matrix except:
NONE OF THE ABOVE
True regarding the periosteum, except: - NONE OF THE ABOVE - has sharpey's fibers - serves as an attachment for ligaments and tendons - made up of dense connective tissue
Osteoprogenitor
Unspecialized bone stem cells derived from mesenchyme that undergo cell division? choices: -All of the above -Osteoblast -Osteoclast -Osteoprogenitor -Osteocyte
HYOID BONE- 2 Metacarpals - 10 Face bones - 14 Clavicle - 2 Tarsals - 14
Which of the following are not true of number of bones in the adult skeletal system? Metacarpals - 10 Face bones - 14 Clavicle - 2 Tarsals - 14 Hyoid Bone - 2