Skull Anatomy
OML
Orbitomeatal Line
The organs of hearing are located in the ______ bone.
Temporal
List the three classifications of fundamental skull shapes and indicate the number of degrees of angulation (formed by the petrous pyramids and the midsagittal plane) for each classification.
-Dolichocephalic (40 degrees) (Long and Narrow head) -Mesochepalic (47 degrees) (Average) -Brachycephalic (54 degrees) (Flat & Short head)
The orbit consists of _____ cranial bones and _____ facial bones.
3;4
AML
Acanthiomeatal Line
Midpoint of the anterior nasal spine
Acanthion
The radiographically significant landmark that is the midpoint of the anterior nasal spine is the _______.
Acanthion
The thick ridge on the inferior border of the maxillary bone that supports the teeth is the ___________.
Alveolar Process
The fibrocartilaginous, oval-shaped portion of the external ear is the ______.
Auricle
The portion of the occipital bone that projects anteriorly from the foramen magnum is the _______ portion.
Basilar
The fontanelles located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures is the _____.
Bregma
The two fontanelles located on the midsagittal plane of the skull are the ______ and the _____.
Bregma, Lambda
The structure that articulates with the occipital condyles is the __________.
C1 Vertebra (Atlas)
The part of the mandible that articulate with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint is the ________.
Condyle
The two processes that extend superiorly from a mandibular ramus are the ______ and the _______ process.
Condyle; Coronoid
The two parietal bones articulate with the frontal bone to form the _____ suture.
Coronal
The inner layer of spongy tissue found inside the cranial bones is called _____.
Diploe
The prominent bulge of a parietal bone is called the parietal _____.
Eminence
The cranial bone located between the orbits and posterior to the nasal bones is the _______ bone.
Ethmoid
The bones of the cranial vault are classified as ____ bones.
Flat
The large opening of the occipital bone through which part of the medulla oblongata passes is the ______.
Foramen Magnum
The bone that forms the anterior portion of the cranium is the _____.
Frontal
List the cranial bones by name and quantity. Total Number?
Frontal (1), Ethmoid (1), Parietal (2), Sphenoid (1), Temporal (2), Occipital (1). 8 Total.
The lateral wall of the orbit is comprised by the ______ and _______ bones.
Frontal; Zygoma
Smooth elevation between the superciliary arches
Glabella
GML
Glabellomeatal Line
Angle of the mandible; lateroposterior aspect of the mandible
Gonion
The U-shaped bone located at the base of the tongue is the ______ bone.
Hyoid
The scroll-like bony tissues that extend along the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are the _____________________.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
IOML
Infraorbitalmeatal Line
Posterior Surface of the Occipital bone
Inion
IAM
Internal Acoustic Meatus
IPL
Interpupillary Line
The ______ facial bone is located on the inferior medial wall of the orbit.
Lacrimal
The anterior portion of the medial walls of the orbits is formed by the ______ bones.
Lacrimal
The fontanelle located at the junction of the lambdoidal and sagittal sutures is the ____.
Lambda
The two parietal bones and the occipital bone join together to form the ______ suture.
Lambdoidal
The three auditory ossicles are the ______, the ______, and the _______.
Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil), and the Stapes (stirrup)
The largest and densest bone of the face is the ______.
Mandible
The process of the temporal bone that encloses radiographically significant air cells is the ______ process.
Mastoid
The largest of the immovable bones of the face is the ______ bone.
Maxilla
The inferior border of the orbit consists of the _____ and ______ bones.
Maxilla; Zygoma
The anterior nasal spine projects superiorly from the ______.
Maxillae
The body of each maxilla contains a large, pyramidal cavity called the _________.
Maxillary Sinus
Midpoint of the mental protuberance; anterior aspect of the mandible; where the two mandibular bodies join together
Mental Point
MML
Mentomeatal Line
The facial bones that form the bridge of the nose are the ______ bones.
Nasal
List the facial bones by name and quantity. Total Number?
Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Maxillae (2), Zygomatic (2), Palatine (2), Nasal Conchae (2), Vomer (1), Mandible (1). 14 Total.
Midpoint of the frontonasal suture
Nasion
The cranial bone that forms posteroinferior portion of the cranium is the ______ bone.
Occipital
The two parietal bones articulate posteriorly with the _______ bone.
Occipital
Lateral aspect of each orbit; where the two eyelids originate
Outer Canthus
The ______ facial bone is located at the apex of the orbit.
Palatine
The facial bones that form the posterior one fourth of the roof of the mouth are the ______ bones.
Palatine
The cranial bones that form the vertex and most of the sides of the cranium are the _____ bones.
Parietal
The thickest and densest portion of the bone in the cranium is the ___________.
Petrous Portion (Pars Petrousa & Petrous Pyramids)
The portion of the mandible that extends superiorly from the posterior aspect of the mandibular body is the _______.
Ramus
The two parietal bones join together to form the _____ suture.
Sagittal
The basilar portion of the occipital bone fuses anteriorly with the body of the _______ bone.
Sphenoid
The cranial bone that provides a depression to house the pituitary gland is the ______ bone.
Sphenoid
The middle portion of the cranial base is formed by the ________ bone.
Sphenoid
Raised prominence just above each orbit on the frontal bone; coincide with the eyebrows
Superciliary Arch
The bone that forms part of the cranial base between the greater wings of the sphenoid bone and the occipital bone is the ______ bone.
Temporal
The petrous portion is a part of the ______ bone.
Temporal
The zygomatic process projects anteriorly from the ______ bone.
Temporal
TEA
Top of Ear Attachment
The structure that separates the external acoustic meatus (EAM) from the auditory ossicles is the _________ membrane.
Tympanic
Superior aspect of the cranium; where the parietal bones join together
Vertex
The facial bone forming the inferior part of the nasal septum is the ________.
Vomer
The facial bones that form the inferolateral portion of the orbital margin are the ______ bones.
Zygomatic
The facial bones that form the prominence of the cheeks are the ______ bones.
Zygomatic
The bones of the skull are divided into two major groups, the _____ bones and the _____ bones.
cranial;facial