SmartBook 8
True or false: The most widely used illegal drug in the United States is cocaine.
False, weed is
Which drug is NOT a hallucinogen?
GHB
Which is the best description of a psychoactive drug?
Intoxication is a primary effect.
Which of the following is one of the negative effects of LSD?
It can cause severe panic reactions.
Which of the following statements are true of psychosis?
It can include delusions. It is characterized by a distortion of reality.
Which statement regarding drugs and their social impact is FALSE?
There are plenty of treatment facilities available to help addicts quit, but they remain underutilized.
Sam purchased what he thought was cocaine from a local dealer. Unbeknownst to him, the dealer had sold him an inert white powder. Sam had never tried cocaine before, and when he inhaled the powder he felt a sense of euphoria within minutes. Which statement is correct?
This is an example of a placebo effect.
Steven has been spending 3 hours a day 7 days a week working out. He has noticed that his back is chronically in pain. Despite these symptoms, Steven is insistent on continuing his routine. Which is the correct interpretation of his behavior?
This likely indicates addictive behavior.
True or false: Psychosis can occur as a result of amphetamine use.
True, Amphetamine use can lead to a temporary state of paranoid psychosis.
True or false: The popularity of LSD stems from its "mind-expanding" nature.
True, LSD is a hallucinogen and can create subjective and unusual dimensions of awareness.
Which of the following are names of synthetic recreational drugs marketed as stimulants with properties like those of cocaine or amphetamine?
White Rush bath salts
The relationship between drugs and crime is
complex.
Which is NOT a risk of amphetamine use during pregnancy?
delayed birth
Ephedrine is an FDA-approved, prescription medication for weight loss.
false?
Which of the following refers to drugs that alter perception, feelings, or thoughts?
hallucinogens
Which is NOT in the opioid family of drugs?
mescaline
Which is NOT a consequence of long-term marijuana use?
muscle weakness
Which of the following refers to producing a calm, relaxed, and often sleepy state?
sedation
Which of the following best describes dose-response function?
the relationship between the amount of a drug taken and the intensity and type of the resulting effect
Which of the following are part of the definition of prescription drug abuse according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse?
the use of a medication just for the experience the use of a medication without a prescription the use of a medication in a way other than prescribed
Which of the following best describes central nervous system depressants?
they cause sedation
Which of the following statements about psychoactive drugs is true?
they produce most of their main effects by acting on brain chemistry.
Which is a medical reason for prescription of barbiturates?
to control seizures
The American Psychiatric Association classifies the severity of a substance use disorder based on the number of substances a person uses.
true
True or false: Men are more likely to try illicit drugs and to die from drug overdose than women.
true
Addiction is a chronic disease that disrupts neurological systems related to reward, motivation, and memory.
true.
Psychoactive drugs exert their effect through action on one or more neurotransmitters.
true.
A primary effect of opioids is a sense of euphoria and restlessness.
true?
Development of a tolerance to a substance implies that a person has reached a threshold quantity of use of the substance and that further increases in consumption or use is not needed.
true?
Which of the following is the most common characteristic of substance misuse or abuse?
using a substance despite negative social, psychological, or medical consequences
When a heavy drinker does not drink alcohol, he experiences anxiety and tremors. These are symptoms of
withdrawal.
Mike started using marijuana during his sophomore year in high school in an effort to fit in with his friends. After using it for little over a year, he began to need it to relax, and he also had to use more of it to get the same effect. He then started to use cocaine to get the same effect. He noticed that when he was not under the influence of the drug, he felt irritable and anxious. Mike's anxiety and irritability symptoms are related to ________ and are ________ with the use of cocaine.
withdrawal; common
According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, what were insurance costs for addiction and overdose services in the United States in 2016?
$2.3 billion
Which of the following are traits associated with compulsive exercising?
- obsessive-compulsive symptoms - use of another way to "purge" - excessive preoccupation with body image
Which of the following are characteristics of pathological gambling according to the American Psychiatric Association?
- preoccupation with gambling - using gambling to escape problems - unsuccessful efforts to cut back or quit
Which of the following are reasons that people in the United States have for wanting to keep illegal drugs illegal?
-Legalizing drugs might expose more people to abuse and dependence. -Drugs would be more socially acceptable if they were legalized. -Allowing easier access to drugs might increase drug use among children
What happens when club drugs are mixed with alcohol?
-Respiratory arrest and death can occur. -Sedation and loss of consciousness can occur. -The effects are unpredictable.
Which of the following are examples of common club drugs?
-Rohypnol -GHB
Which of the following are behaviors of compulsive buyers or shoppers?
-They buy more than they can afford. -They feel distressed over their actions -They tend to purchase expensive items.
People under the influence of drugs, including alcohol, are more likely to be involved in which of the following?
-car accidents -acts of violence -unsafe sex
What are risks associated with drug misuse?
-intoxication -exposure to unknown ingredients -legal consequences
Which of the following are common CNS stimulants?
-nicotine -caffiene -amphetamines -cocaine
Which of the following are short-term side effects of depressants?
-reduced anxiety -slurred speech -drowsiness
Which of the following are true about the group of drugs known as amphetamines?
-they are stimulants. -they are also known as uppers -they affect the central nervous system.
A person who meets ________ of the DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder would be categorized as having a moderate substance use disorder.
5
Which best represents state dependence?
An individual who learned information in a drug-induced state has difficulty recalling it when the drug wears off.
Which of the following are examples of amphetamines?
Benzedrine Dexedrine crystal meth methamphetamine
Cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, ephedrine, and caffeine are classified as ----- stimulants.
CNS
Barbiturates belong in which of the following drug categories?
CNS depressants
Jackson has become addicted to cocaine. His mode of delivery is via intravenous injection. Which harm reduction strategy is likely to provide the greatest benefit for him?
Direct him to the local syringe exchange program.
Brian has been gambling at a local casino and was thrown out for a violent outburst after losing a substantial sum of money. He is deeply in debt and has now opted for online gambling. Which statement is correct?
His risk of suicide is 20 times greater than the risk in the general population.
Which statement about PCP is TRUE?
It alters proprioception.
Which statement is correct regarding hashish?
It contains 2-5 times more THC than contained in flowering tops.
Which statement about methadone is TRUE?
It is a synthetic substitute for heroin and used in medical addiction treatment programs.
Which of the following best defines drug?
It is any non-food chemical designed to affect the structure or function of the body.
Which of the following statements about compulsive exercising is true?
It is often accompanied by other psychiatric disorders such as bulimia.
According to the American Psychiatric Association, which statement is correct?
Over half of compulsive gamblers commit crimes to support their habit.
Which statement about addiction is FALSE?
Research suggests that addiction is caused by a single genetic abnormality.
Which of the following is a stimulant with amphetamine-like effects that is used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Ritalin
Which of the following is the name of a type of synthetic marijuana that is sold as "herbal incense"?
Spice
Jennifer has been ramping up her running in preparation for a marathon. She is proud of the weight she has lost and she's now down to 103 pounds. She's 5'6" tall and her friends think she's getting a bit too thin. She recently was diagnosed with a stress fracture in her leg. She's reluctant to stop running, but her doctor insists she needs to take a 6 week break to allow her leg to heal and has recommended she try to regain some weight and get back up to at least 115 pounds. She decides she'll just "cut back a bit" on running instead, and she continues to try to train despite the pain. Which statement is correct?
The pattern described is indicative of an addictive behavior.
Jane was given a dose of flunitrazepam at a dance club when she was attending a rave. Which statement is correct regarding this substance?
This substance is 10 times more potent than Valium and has no approved medical uses.
Which interaction best illustrates codependent behavior?
You call your parents to cancel a Sunday brunch and tell them that your boyfriend has the flu, when the real reason is that he was hung over.
A tranquilizer is
a CNS depressant that reduces tension and anxiety.
Which of the following terms refers to any chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind and body?
a drug
What is a psychoactive drug?
a drug that can alter a person's consciousness or experience
A characteristic of taking LSD is that ______ can occur even after the drug's chemical effects have worn off.
a flashback
The pleasing effects of a drug, usually felt soon after the drug is taken, are referred to as
a high
Which of the following best describes a compulsive gambler?
a person who cannot control the urge to gamble, even when confronting financial and personal disaster
Which of the following are effects of CNS stimulants?
accelerated heart rate greater muscular tension increased blood pressure
Which of the following terms is used in many contexts to describe a dysfunction of the brain systems that are related to reward, motivation, and memory?
addiction
Which of the following are examples of drugs classified as inhalants?
aerosols nitrites solvents
Which is responsible for the effects of psychoactive drugs?
altered neurotransmitter concentration
Which of the following is a synthetic chemical that is a potent central nervous system stimulant?
amphetamine
What is the primary use for opioids?
analgesia
A(n) ________ is a drug that produces a loss of sensation with or without a loss of consciousness.
anesthetic
Which of the following terms refers to a drug that produces a loss of sensation with or without a loss of consciousness?
anesthetic
Which of the following are effects of consuming caffeine in higher doses?
anxiety irritability nervousness
An opioid is
any of several natural or synthetic drugs that relieve pain and cause drowsiness or euphoria.
The American Psychiatric Association lists ten characteristic behaviors of pathological gambling and recognizes it as a(n)
behavioral addiction.
Which is NOT a risk factor for drug use?
being assertive
Which drug is NOT a CNS stimulant?
benzodiazepines
Which of the following is the most popular psychoactive drug?
caffeine
Found in coffee and tea, the most popular psychoactive drug is
caffeine.
The APA (American Psychiatric Association) defines "addiction" as
chronic brain disease that causes compulsive substance use. NOT: physical and psychological symptoms that follow interrupted use because, Addiction involves dependence but it is not part of the APA definition.
Leah took Dexadrine to help her study for upcoming final exams. She found out the week after exams that she is pregnant. What risk is associated with this class of drug use in pregnancy?
cleft palate
In the 1980s, its high price made ______ a status drug, but its ability to produce a quick high is what keeps it popular.
cocaine
A person who cannot control the urge to gamble, even in the face of financial and personal ruin, is a(n) ______ gambler.
compulsive
An obsession with shopping that significantly interferes with the functioning of the individual is termed _____________ spending or buying.
compulsive
Which is NOT an effect of marijuana?
constriction of blood vessels in the eyes
Which of the following are long-term effects of using amphetamines at high doses?
delusions paranoia hallucinations
Which of the following are long-term effects of using amphetamines at high doses? sedation
delusions paranoia hallucinations
Which of the following is a type of drug that decreases nervous or muscular activity and causes drowsiness or sleep?
depressant
Which term defines the relationship between the amount of drug taken and the type and intensity of the resulting effect?
dose-response function
Which of the following is true regarding addiction?
eating can be addictive for some people.
Bill has just taken ephedrine. What physiological response will he experience?
elevated heart rate
Females are _____ likely as men to eventually become addicted to drugs.
equally
Which is NOT among the criteria for a substance use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition?
failure to develop substance tolerance
True or false: Addictions are related to drugs only.
false, addictions can occur with non-drug activities, such as gambling or exercise.
Huffing is the term used for inhaling fumes from a plastic bag.
false.
It is unusual for someone addicted to prescription painkillers to shift to heroin as a drug of choice.
false.
Methadone is used to prevent withdrawal reactions in addicts who are being treated for opioid addictions.
false.
The view that addiction is based in brain chemistry implies that people are not responsible for their addictive behaviors.
false.
A 15-year-old girl who dates an 18-year-old boy is less likely to use drugs.
false?
Addiction always follows substance misuse.
false?
Drug use is inversely correlated with injury risk.
false?
What CNS depressant is often used as a "date rape drug"?
gamma hydroxybutyrate
LSD, mescaline, and PCP belong to a group of drugs known as ______, which alter perception, feelings, or thoughts.
hallucinogens
Which of the following terms refers to the subjectively pleasing effects of a drug, usually felt soon after the drug is taken?
high
Which of the following are associated with methamphetamine use?
high-risk sexual activity violent behavior increased rate of STIs
What method of administration is LEAST typically used with opioids?
huffing
Which is NOT characteristic of addictive behavior?
impulse control
The effects of cocaine are felt ________ if the route of drug delivery is ________.
in about 20 seconds; IV injection
Which of the following are some common reasons why people have taken LSD?
in order to discuss repressed feelings in the hope of exploring new worlds in order to have a religious experience
Which is a primary reason for using caffeine?
increase alertness
What is a physiological effect of a central nervous system stimulant?
increased blood pressure
Which is the LEAST likely effect of amphetamine use?
increased mental clarity
Which is NOT a primary effect of central nervous system depressants?
increased respiration rate
Which behavior is NOT characteristic of a substance use disorder?
increased sensitivity to the substance
Which of the following best describes reaching a plateau in the dose-response function?
increasing the dose does not increase the drug's effect any further.
In terms of drug abuse, solvents, aerosols, and nitrates are classified as ___________
inhalants
In terms of drug abuse, solvents, aerosols, and nitrates are classified as_______________
inhalants
Dave, who is normally introverted, has several drinks at a party and subsequently is much more outgoing and likely to initiate contact with new people. This characteristic is consistent with
intoxication
Which of the following are withdrawal symptoms associated with caffeine use?
irritability headaches mild depression
Which is the most widely used federally illegal drug in the United States?
marijuana
With more than 20 million current users, the most widely used illegal drug in the United States is
marijuana.
Which of the following are widely abused prescription drugs?
medication to treat pain medication to treat ADHD medication to treat anxiety
Which of the following is a common name for a type of amphetamines?
meth
Which of the following are examples of harm reduction strategies as opposed to self-help programs?
methadone maintenance syringe exchange programs testing street drugs for potenc
Tremors, profound fatigue, deep depression, despair, and apathy are all withdrawal symptoms of which of the following?
methamphetamine
Which drug produces brain damage similar to that seen in Parkinson's disease patients and that persists even after drug use ceases?
methamphetamine
Which of the following are associated with methamphetamine use?
methamphetamine
Which of the following is the most addictive form of amphetamine?
methamphetamine
"Ice" is a street name for
methamphetamine.
Which stimulant is used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
methylphenidate
Which is LEAST likely to be a negative consequence of chronic amphetamine use?
narcolepsy
Once a psychoactive drug reaches the brain, it acts on one or more ______, increasing or decreasing their concentration and action in the brain.
neurotransmitters
Natural or synthetic drugs that relieve pain and cause drowsiness or euphoria are
opioids.
Which is the LEAST likely route of delivery for cocaine?
oral ingestion
Which is NOT a typical characteristic of a work-addicted individual?
patient and tolerant personality
Wayne, a 15-year-old has been bullied by classmates over the past couple of years because of a tendency to stutter. A friend recently invited him to join in with a new group of boys who are known for partying with alcohol and marijuana. While there are many reasons one might become involved with drugs, which reason is particularly significant in Wayne's case?
peer pressure
Evidence indicates that long-term marijuana use may result in
poor sperm productivity and quality.
What is the best solution for drug abuse?
prevention
The drugs that are most often associated with addiction and that can alter a person's consciousness or experience are ______ drugs.
psychoactive
Which of the following refers to a severe mental disorder characterized by a distortion of reality with symptoms that can include delusions or hallucinations?
psychosis
Cocaine is one of the most popular recreational drugs because it
quickly produces a feeling of euphoria.
The characteristic of addictive behaviors that encourages continuation because some aspect of the behavior either produces pleasurable physical or emotional states or relieves negative ones is known as
reinforcement
Which of the following is the characteristic of addictive behavior related to the pleasurable physical or emotional states a drug produces?
reinforcement
Florence is feeling extremely calm and relaxed and somewhat sleepy. Which of the following best describes her state?
sedation
Which is another term for antianxiety agents?
sedative-hypnotics
Central nervous system depressants are also known as
sedative-hypnotics.
Ritalin is a drug that is a(n) ______ with amphetamine-like effects.
stimulant
A drug that increases nervous or muscular activity is called a(n)
stimulant.
The activity of the nervous or muscular system is sped up by central nervous system
stimulants.
What was a shift in the focus of drug-control policy by the U.S. government in 2010?
stopping the demand for illegal drugs
Which term describes a continued use of any substance despite adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences?
substance abuse NOT: physical dependence,Physical dependence on a substance is one of the characteristics of substance abuse.
What is an argument given by proponents of the legalization of drugs such as marijuana?
that many of the social problems associated with drugs are due primarily to their prohibition
What is the purpose of a harm reduction strategy in drug treatment?
to minimize the negative effects of drug use and abuse
When an individual notices that he has to take a larger dose of a drug to achieve the same "high," this is a clear indication of
tolerance.
A central nervous system depressant that reduces tension and anxiety is known as a(n)
tranquilizer
Xanax, Valium, and roofies are all examples of
tranquilizers
Central nervous system depressants are also known as
tranquilizers.
Methadone poisoning is a leading drug-related reason for emergency department visits.
true?