Smartbook Pre-Topic Reading 1a: Anatomy, Physiology, & Homeostasis

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What type of equilibrium occurs when there is a set average point and conditions fluctuate around that point?

Dynamic

Which of the following describes the integration center of a feedback mechanism?

Processes information, relates it to other information, and makes a decision of what a response should be

The study of individual cells is called ______.

cytology

What is the cell or organ that directly carries out a response to a stimulus called?

effector

Students are looking at major arteries and veins on the surface of the heart, which does not require a microscope. They are studying the ______ of the heart.

gross anatomy

What is an increase in the size of a cell or organism called?

growth

If the textbook states a value for a typical human heart rate, you should assume that the value refers to the heart rate of a(n) ______.

healthy 22-year-old

The ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in spite of changes in the external environment is known as

homeostasis

A molecule of large size and high molecular weight, such as a protein, is called a(n)

macromolecule

What is the act of tapping the body to feel for abnormal resistance or listen for sounds called?

percussion

Place the levels of structural hierarchy in the body in order of complexity, from the smallest/simplest at the top to the largest/most complex at the bottom.

1. Atom 2. cell 3. tissue 4.organ 5. organ system 6. organism

An organelle is best described as which of the following?

A microscopic structure in a cell that carries out individual function

A physician who is listening to your heart beat is utilizing which diagnostic procedure?

Auscultation

Which receptor detects pressure changes?

Baroreceptor

Which is an example of a class of tissue?

Connective

True or false: The study of ultrastructure focuses on examining individual cells, but not the fine details of cells.

False

Which branch of medicine examines tissues for disease?

Histopathology

Which part of a feedback mechanism processes information, relates it to other information, and makes a decision of action?

Integrating center

Which part of a feedback mechanism processes information, relates it to other information, and makes a decision of action? Multiple choice question.

Integrating center

Proteins and DNA are which of the following?

Macromolecules

What is an anatomical structure that is composed of at least two different tissue types, has recognizable structural boundaries, and has a discrete function different from the structures around it called?

Organ

Which of the following describes a single complete individual?

Organism

Taking a pulse by feeling the radial artery is an example of which of the following?

Palpation

Endocrinology

Physiology of hormones

Neurophysiology

Physiology of the nervous system

Changes in the environment, to which organisms respond, are called what?

Stimuli

Pathophysiology

Study of disease mechanisms

Comparative physiology

Study of how biological processes vary in different animal species

Physiology is the study of ______.

body functions

A structure that carries out a response to a stimulus is called a(n)

effector

Responsiveness is also known as ______.

excitability

The study of normal tissues, or groups of cells and their surrounding extracellular materials, is called

histology

Most exploratory surgery has been replaced with ______.

medical imaging techniques

Which can be revealed through percussion during a medical exam?

pockets of fluid, scar tissue and pockets of air

Contractions during childbirth is an example of a

positive feedback mechanism

The name for a structure that is specialized to detect a stimulus is a(n)

receptor

Fill in the blank question. A group of organs working together for a coordinated function is an organ

system

The practice of diagnosing illness by opening a body is known as what type of surgery?

Exploratory

What is the body's tendency to maintain relatively stable internal conditions in spite of greater changes in its external environment called?

Homeostasis

What is the smallest particle of matter with a unique chemical identity?

atom

True or false: The study of ultrastructure focuses on examining individual cells, but not the fine details of cells.

false

An organelle is best described as which of the following? Multiple choice question.

A microscopic structure in a cell that carries out individual function

Evolutionary trends between species are often studied in which discipline?

Comparative anatomy

Which theory states that there are emergent properties of the whole organism that cannot be understood by its individual parts?

Holism

A difference in chemical concentration, electrical charge, physical pressure, temperature, or other variable between one point and another is a physiological

Gradient

Which of the following is an example of a physiological negative feedback mechanism?

Body temperature

A physician assistant devises a treatment plan based on the patient's age, lab results, economic status, perceptions, and emotions. What type of treatment is this?

Holism

Which theory states that a more complex structure can be understood by studying its smaller parts?

Reductionism

What does the term dissection refer to?

The process of carefully separating tissues to reveal anatomical relationships

What is the smallest unit of an organism that can carry out all the functions of life?

cell

Students are studying the shape, size, and parts of the heart. They are studying the ______ of the heart.

anatomy

In performing a physical examination, the act of listening to sounds made by the body is known as

auscultation

The receptors located in the heart, aortic arch, and carotid sinuses that trigger autonomic reflexes in response to fluctuations in blood pressure are known as

baroreceptors


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