SMGT 406 Test 1
TV owners in U.S. decreased for the first time by more than 1.2 million, essentially due to two reasons
1. The switch from analog to digital broadcasting made television too expensive for some poorer households, who simply opted out. 2. Other consumers were increasingly foregoing a TV set in favor of viewing video content on desktop computers, laptops, and electronic tablets.
Additional changes in U.S. TV viewing
-Fewer households have a physical television set. -Fewer people are watching TV. -Broadcast ratings have been declining even for some major TV events like the World Series. -Fewer viewers watch shows when they are broadcast (except live sport). -Viewers increasingly do not watch shows with ads, even on a DVR. -Viewers watch a lot of TV and movie content - but mostly on demand via Netflix, iTunes, or HBO. -People tend to get their news from the Internet (except when a major crisis occurs). -People watch on various screens for convenience (for example, TV, laptop, smartphone, or tablet).
Direct spectators
Attend a live sporting event at a stadium, arena, or other venue.
Electronic media
By far the largest media sources and deliver their content via the Internet, television, or radio
Content research
Collects information or pictures and assigning the data to categories based on a particular theme.
Survey research
Conducted through questionnaires, it is popular for determining sport participation and comparing spectators' habits. (Not accurate)
Social media
Facebook (89%), Twitter (33%), YouTube (65%), and Google+(18%)
Quantifiable data
Facts and figures that can be counted and analyzed statistically.
Chap 2.
How Do We Study Sport?
Print media
Includes printed newspapers, magazines, and books. In addition, these days, nearly all traditional print media sources have a web presence as well. -Ex) Sports Illustrated delivers its content both electronically and in a weekly print edition.
Television programs
Increased demand of sport channel led to create first full time sport station, ESPN in 1979. Followed by many other stations (MSG & Sun Sports) in order to meet the demand.
Fantasy sports
It is a game.
Ethnography
It is based on observation, addresses data collected by researchers who immerse themselves in an environment and keep recorded conversations or notes. (Particularly suited to experiential topics)
Qualitative data
It is collected either through interviews and observations of individuals or groups or through analysis of societal characteristics and trends.
E-Sport
It is not a sport, because it does not involve physical activity.
Indirect spectators
Listen to or watch sport through radio, television, or the Internet. -Although direct spectators continue to increase in record numbers, that increase is relatively modest as compared with the increase in indirect spectators.
Historical research
Looking at trends in sport over time. It can be used to compare trends in sport with trends in society.
Broadband Only
Meaning that they neither subscribe to cable nor use a broadcast signal; moreover, that number doubled between 2013 and 2014
Chap 5.
Media and Sport
Time Shifting
Referred to as recording services and free live streaming. (TiVo, Netflix, and Hulu)
Societal analysis
Social theories to examine life from a social point of view.
March Madness
The beginning of a new era for the NCAA in providing live video coverage.
Interview
Use more in-depth questioning and can elicit unexpected answers to open-ended questions. May enable more in-depth analysis. (Time consuming and expensive, and use small sample sizes)
Social theories
Used to examine trends in sport through the lens of an overall social theory and thus draw conclusions about whether sport reflects the larger culture or acts as a change agent.
