Soc 101 - Chapter 1

If social marginality encourages sociological thinking, we would expect people in which category listed below to make the most use of the sociological perspective? -The wealthy -Disabled persons or people who are a racial minority -Politicians -The middle class

Disabled persons or people who are a racial minority

The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was ________ -Robert K. Merton. -Auguste Comte. -Emile Durkheim. -Karl Marx.

Emile Durkheim.

Who helped launch the discipline of sociology by studying the evils of slavery and also by translating the writings of Auguste Comte? -Harriet Martineau -Jane Addams -Elizabeth Cady Stanton -Dorothea Dix

Harriet Martineau

Which discipline defines itself as "the systematic study of human society"? -Sociology -Psychology -Economics -History

Sociology

A statement that explains how and why specific facts are related is called a(n) ________ -approach. -precept. -concept. -theory.

Theory.

Which of the following examples illustrates a micro-level focus? -The operation of the U.S. economy -Patterns of global terrorism -Two people on an airplane getting to know one another -Class inequality in the armed forces

Two people on an airplane getting to know one another

Which early sociologist received the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color? -Jane Addams -Harriet Martineau -W. E. B. Du Bois -Herbert Spencer

W. E. B. Du Bois

In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which of the following categories of people? -White males -African American males -White females -African American females

White males

A simplified description unfairly applied to every person in the same category is called ________ -a sociological insight. -a sociological generalization. -a stereotype. -an act of discrimination.

a stereotype.

Unlike simple stereotypes, sociological generalizations ________ -apply to all individuals in some category. -are based on all available facts. -are motivated by bias. -ignore facts.

are based on all available facts.

Making use of the sociological perspective encourages ________ -challenging many commonly-held beliefs. -accepting all commonly-held wisdom. -the belief that society is mysterious. -people to be happy with their lives as they are.

challenging many commonly-held beliefs.

Because there is more social isolation in rural areas of the United States than in urban areas, we would expect suicide rates to be ________ -higher in urban areas. -higher in rural areas. -high in both urban and rural areas. -low in both urban and rural areas.

higher in rural areas.

Gaining a global understanding is ________ -unimportant because the United States is so rich and there is little reason for us to learn about other nations. -important for college students because most new U.S. jobs involve international trade. -unimportant since there is no longer very much poverty in the world. -important although people the world over have ways of life that are mostly the same.

important although people the world over have ways of life that are mostly the same.

An example of a latent function of college is ________ -providing skills needed for later jobs. -keeping young people out of a tight labor force, which may not have jobs for them. -gaining the knowledge required to be an active and thoughtful citizen. -giving young people experience living on their own.

keeping young people out of a tight labor force, which may not have jobs for them.

Building social relationships and creating tens of thousands of jobs are two of the _________ of sports. -manifest functions -latent functions -dysfunctions -non-functions

latent functions

The social-conflict approach draws attention to ________ -how elements contribute to the overall operation of society. -how people construct meaning in their interaction. -patterns of social inequality. the stable aspects of society. -the stable aspects of society.

patterns of social inequality.

C. Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed ________ -common sense into laws of society. -people into supporters of the status quo. -personal problems into public issues. -scientific research into common sense.

personal problems into public issues.

W. E. B. Du Bois claimed that _____ was the major problem facing the United States during the twentieth century. -class -race -gender -ethnicity

race

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists ________ -focus on the bizarre elements of society. -reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives. -believe that people often behave in strange ways. -believe that even people who are most familiar to us have some very strange habits.

reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives.

If we state that children raised in single-parent families are at high risk of being single parents themselves, we have constructed a_____ of family life. -paradigm -precept -concept -theory

theory