Soc 2- Chapter 7 Education

Which of the following are harmful effects of the Asian American model minority stereotype?

- Asian Americans are successful in academics because of their membership to their group. - Asian Americans may be perceived as mechanical, not creative, or poor leaders. -Asian Americans have higher suicide rates.

Consider what might have happened if Mendez lost the Mendez v. Westminster School District court case. If the case had been decided differently, which of the following is likely to have happened?

- Segregation would be higher between whites and Asian Americans. -There would been less support for the ruling of Brown v. Board of Education.

There is widespread confusion about how affirmative action works at colleges and universities. Identify the true and false statements about affirmative action in higher education.

- Some whites and Asians who would have been accepted at certain colleges and universities are denied entry because of affirmative action policies.

Which of the following are examples of how whiteness is normalized in the educational curriculum, as opposed to education through a multicultural perspective?

- The experiences of Americans of European descent are central to our knowledge of American history. - Authors write for a primarily white audience. -Literary "classics" include figures such as Ernest Hemingway and Mark Twain.

Which of the following did Annette Lareau find in her study on class and parenting styles?

- When middle-class children are taught to treat adults as equals, it helps give them a sense of entitlement. - With less regimented activities, working-class children develop less cultural capital.

Identify the explanations for why black graduates end up with more student loan debt than white graduates do.

-Black college graduates experience discrimination when looking for jobs after graduation. -Black families have less wealth than white families do. -Black public university students borrowed nearly $4,000 more than did their white peers. -Black college graduates with a bachelor's degree are four times as likely as their white counterparts to default on their student loans. (All of thee above is correct)

According to the textbook, place the ethnic groups in order from the least likely to the most likely to drop out of high school.

Asians, Whites, Hispanics, Blacks, and Native-Americans

In the early 1900s, what was the primary objective of Indian boarding schools?

Assimilate into Anglo-American society

Based on evidence about stereotype threat, which scenarios would a stereotype threat be likely to affect the designated group in a negative way?

Correct: -People from lower incomes would perform worse on an activity that measured intellectual ability for solving verbal problems. -Women would perform worse when told that a test was a measure of math intelligence.

Schools themselves are perhaps the most powerful institution with respect to generating and perpetuating educational inequalities. Identify the explanation(s) for why nonwhite groups are disadvantaged in their schools.

-Teachers spend less time on education because their students come to school with other problems that need their attention. -Many states offer no incentives for teaching in poor, nonwhite schools. -Majority-nonwhite schools are more likely to have uncertified teachers.

Which of the following are examples of cultural capital?

-knowing the appropriate clothes to wear to a job interview -understanding the right way to email your professor -being able to play the piano

Which of the following are examples of oppositional culture?

-rap lyrics that glorify life in a ghetto -telling stories about maintaining dignity during slavery -speaking Ebonics

Which of the following factors help to explain the high educational attainment of Asian Americans?

-voluntary migration to the United States -higher levels of economic capital among Asian immigrants -high cultural values placed on academic success

In 1895, Booker T. Washington gave his famous speech known as the ______1______ While his speech promoted_____2_____to whites, he was successful in getting funding for black schools, which taught not only vocational skills but also reading. But he was heavily criticized by other black leaders, such as W. E. B. Du Bois, who pushed for _____3_____. Du Bois was a passionate advocate for social justice, but his program promoted _____4_____.

1. "Atlanta Compromise" 2. submission 3. "the talented tenth" 4. elitism

Child psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley studied the way parents talk to their young children. They discovered that middle-class parents direct an average of ____1____utterances at their children per hour, whereas parents on welfare direct only ____2____utterances per hour. Middle-class parents were also more encouraging with their children. Compared with the poor parents, they gave nearly ____3______ times more encouragements; poor parents gave approximately_____4_____ times more discouragements.

1. 487 2. 178 3. 7 4. 2.5

The gap between Asian and____1_____college completion rates is equivalent to the gap between white and_______2_______college completion rates. Unlike all other groups, the majority of Asian Americans between the ages of twenty-five and twenty-nine have graduated from_____3_____. And one in________4_______has obtained a master's degree or higher, compared to one in eleven whites, and one in thirty black or Hispanic twenty-five- to twenty-nine-year-olds.

1. White 2. Black 3. College 4. Five

In 2008, a rejected ____1______applicant sued the University of Texas at Austin, claiming that the university's inclusion of race in admissions decisions was unfair. After hearing the case twice, the U.S. Supreme Court ______2_______ UT-Austin's admissions policy in 2016, ruling that colleges and universities should be able to make admissions decisions with a goal of forming a ______3______diverse student body. Critics of the case noted that 42 out of the 47 applicants who were admitted to the university with _____4______ grades than the plaintiff were also white.

1. White 2. upheld 3. Racially 4. lower

It is important to evaluate whether or not race-based and class-based affirmative action actually helps nonwhite students. When the University of California banned race-conscious admissions practices, the percentage of first-year black students ____1______. Compared with race-based affirmative action, racial diversity of the student body under class-based affirmative action is _____2_______

1. decreased 2. lower

The anthropologist's primary method,_______1_______, is the practice of embedding oneself in a foreign culture to learn about it. Traditionally, America's_____2______ groups have been treated as objects of study, as ___3_____cultures within our nation that are worthy of observation and scrutiny. In contrast, _____4______communities, which many anthropologists come from, have been considered uninteresting and domestic—in a word, _____5______

1. ethnography 2. nonwhite 3. exotic 4. white 5. normal

There are a variety of admissions policies that affect the racial composition of a student population. For example, due to legacy admissions, approximately ______ percent of freshmen enrolled in America's top universities are white students who failed to satisfy their university's minimum requirements.

15 percent

Based on an FBI report, approximately _____ percent of colleges and universities documented on-campus hate crimes during the previous year.

70 percent

What is the effect of affirmative action on the self-esteem of nonwhite students?

Affirmative action can increase their self-esteem

Which of the following statements best describes how stereotypes affect different racial and ethnic groups?

All racial groups experienced stereotypes that can result in harmful consequences for that group.

Affirmative action policies sometimes allow unqualified applicants to be admitted to top universities.

False

In the late 1800s, all black children had access to early education, but it was usually in run-down, one-room school houses.

False

Consider a scenario in which a white professor teaches a predominantly white classroom with one Native American student. The professor specifically asks the Native American student what Native Americans think about the Washington Redskins sports team. Does this scenario serve to perpetuate or fight racial stereotypes and inequality?

It perpetuates racial stereotypes because it presumes that the student can speak for all Native Americans

Place the events in order from first to last.

Mendez vs Westminster School District, Brown vs Board of Education, The Little Rock Nine, Milliken vs Bradley

On college campuses all over the country, there here have been many incidences of white students dressing up as nonwhite people for costume parties. Match each school to a recent incident of racial stereotyping that took place on its campus.

Santa Clara University- White students hosted a "South of the Border" party and dressed up as Hispanic janitors, gardeners, and pregnant teenagers. Arizona State University- A fraternity threw a party to commemorate Martin Luther King, Jr.'s, birthday, during which nonblack students wore loose basketball jerseys, flashed gang signs, and drank from hollowed-out watermelons. California Polytechnic State University- A fraternity hosted a "Colonial Bros and Nava-Hos" party with men dressed in Colonial-era costumes and women dressed in revealing Native American-themed costumes. Randolph-Macon College- A fraternity hosted a "USA versus Mexico" party featuring a drinking game where partygoers dressed as "Americans" had to catch those dressed as "illegal immigrants."

For many decades, whites controlled how American Indian children were educated. Which event immediately precipitated the shift of full control over American Indian education from whites to American Indians?

The Civil Rights Movement

Which of the following did researchers find based on evaluating John Ogbu's theory of oppositional culture?

There is mixed evidence that an oppositional culture exists today

In an experiment, teachers were asked to examine the definitions that students attached to words along with their verbal skills. Black students and white students gave identical definitions, but teachers gave lower grades to the black students.

True

While the myth of the model minority suggests that all Asian Americans have high levels of education and income, there are significant differences across different Asian American groups. Place the Asian American groups in order from least likely to most likely to have a four-year degree.

Vietnamese, Japanese, Chinese, and Indians

The struggle to extend educational opportunities to African Americans lasted for many decades. Match each individual to the correct contribution.

W. E. B. Du Bois- cofounder of the NAACP and promoter of equal education for all Booker T. Washington- promoted industrial education for African Americans Horace Mann- famous abolitionist and educational advocate that proclaimed education was "the great equalizer"

Nonwhite and non-Asian students are overrepresented in vocational and remedial tracks. Which of the following best explains this racial distribution?

White teachers sometimes harbor prejudicial attitudes that lead them to overlook the accomplishment of non white and non-asian students.