Soc 219 Exam 1 (Chapter 1)
At any given time, a majority of children live in ______
2 parent households
Today, approximately ____ children under age 18 are living in the US
74 million (24% of population - a drop since 1960s when more than 1/3 of americans were children)
Household
A Census Bureau category, a household is any group of people residing together
Transnational families
A family of immigrants or immigrant stock that maintains close ties with the sending country. Identity and behavior connect the immigrant family to the new country and the old, and their social networks across national boundaries.
The U.S. Census Bureau defines family as
A group of two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption and residing together in a household
Although most parents are employed, ____ are more likely than the general population to be living in poverty.
Children
The child population of the US is more ____ diverse than the adult population
Racially and ethnically
Four themes of chapter 1
1) best way to make choices is knowledgeably 2)People are influenced by the society around them 3)We live in a society characterized by considerable change - this dynamic situation can make personal decision making more challenging than in the past - and more important 4)We affect our social environment every time we make a choice
5 social factors that affect families
1) ever new biological and communication technologies 2) economic conditions 3) historical periods or events 4) demographic characteristics (statistical facts about the make-up of a population such as age, religion, and race or ethnicity) 5) family policy
Social scientists usually list 3 major functions filled by today's families:
1) raising children responsibly 2) providing members with economic and other practical support 3) offering emotional security
Race
A group or category thought of as representing a distinct biological heritage. In reality, there is only one human race. "Racial" categories are social constructs; the so-called races do not differ significantly in terms of basic biological makeup. But "racial" designations nevertheless have social and economic effects and cultural meanings.
Ethnicity
A group's identity based on a sense of a common culture and language
Social institution
A system of pattered and predictable ways of thinking and behaving -beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms-concerning important aspects of people's lives in society. Examples of major social institutions are the family, religion, government, the economy and education
Family policy
All the actions, procedures, regulations, attitudes, and goals of government that affect families
Binational
An immigrant family in which some members are citizens or legal residents of the country they migrate to, while others are undocumented - that is, they are not legal residents
Book definition of family
Any sexually expressive, parent-child, or other kin relationship in which people - usually related by ancestory, marriage, or adoption 1) form an economic or otherwise practical unit and care for any children or other dependents 2) consider their identity to be significantly attach to the group 3) commit to maintaining that group over time
Example of biological technology
Birth control pill "Test-tube baby"
Structural constraints
Economic and social forces that limit options and hence, personal choices
Whether we are in an era of _________ or ______ is a matter of debate
Family decline, family change
Children are more likely to live with a _____ today than in the past
Grandparent
Minority
Group that is distinguishable and in some way disadvantaged within a society, regardless of size
Family identity
Ideas and feelings about the uniqueness and value of one's family unit
The most common type of household today is ______
Married couples without children (the children have grown up and left or the couple has not yet had children or doesn't plan to)
Only 20.9% of households are just ___ families
Nuclear
Sociological imagination
Placing an individual's or family's private troubles within a society-wide ocntext
Social class
Position in the social hierarchy, such as upper class, middle class, working class, or lower class. Can be viewed in terms of such indicators as education, occupation and income or analyzed in terms of status, respect and lifestyle
About 16.1 million American children under age 18 live in
Poverty
Postmodern family
Term used to describe the situation in which 1) families today exhibit multiple forms and 2) new or altered family forms continue to emerge or develop
Self-concept
The basic feelings people have about themselves, their characteristics and abilities and their worth; how people think of or view themselves
Life chances
The opportunities that exist for a social group or an individual to pursue education and economic advancement, to secure medical care and preserve health, to marry and have children, to have material goods and housing of desired quality and so forth
Individualistic (self-fulfillment) values
Values that encourage self-fulfillment, personal growth, autonomy, and independence over commitment to family or other communal needs
Familistic values
Values that focus on the family group as a whole and on maintaining family identity and cohesiveness
Example of communication technology
Video recording family events and sent it to family members on our cell phones Relationships starting online Texting Emailing Websites Webcams Blogs Facebook Etc
Family impact lens
Way of looking at how a policy in question impacts families
Many children experience a variety of _______ while they're young
living arrangements (about half of all American children are expected to live in a single-parent household at some point in their lives, most likely a single-mother household)
Barely half of U.S. adults are ____
married
Only 6% of families now fit the 1950s _____ family ideal of married couple and children, with breadwinner husband and wife-homemaker
nuclear
With relaxed institutional control, family diversity has progressed to the point that there is no ___________
typical family form today