SOC Chapter 4

College football is a good example of social structure because ___________.

a position in football is like a person's social status

__________ is an example of status inconsistency.

a senior citizen attending college

When a faculty member's students were washing dollar bills at a laundromat, they were testing people's __________.

background assumptions

Jose is trained to apply symbolic interactionism. He focuses on________ to identify suspected terrorists who are attempting to board airplanes.

body language

Some status symbols are used to __________.

communicate group membership to others

Without analyzing social life from a microsociological perspective, it will be difficult to do which of the following?

understand a person's everyday life

Sociologists would agree with which of the following statements?

By belonging to a group, we assume an obligation to affirm the group's values, interests, and norms.

__________ is the study of how people use commonsense understandings to make sense of life.

Ethnomethodology

Which of the following statements describes German people's reactions to Walmart's policy that their employees smile at customers?

German customers were offended.

What is one advantage of having a higher social class that is seen through the combination of macrosociology and microsociology?

Individuals with higher social status can manipulate their good reputations to get away with socially unacceptable behaviors.

Which of the following sociologically explains why Amish female grocery clerks in Indiana refused to make eye contact with male customers?

Men in the United States interpreted their behavior in a way the women did not intend.

The status inherited by a baby born into a royal family is considered a(n) __________.

ascribed status

Microsociology focuses on social interaction while macrosociology focuses on __________.

broad feautures of society

In the developed town of Midtern, some people mine gold, others turn it into jewelry, and still others sell it. This __________ disperses people into different interest groups where they develop different ideas about life.

division of labor

Socorro, a research assistant at the university, uses __________ to explore background assumptions that underlie human behavior.

ethnomethodology

Marly has Asperger's syndrome. Symbolic interactionists would be particularly concerned about her ability to interpret __________.

facial expressions and gestures

As society has changed so that people are less personally connected and more reliant on formal, impersonal social institutions, we have moved toward __________.

gesselshcaft

Image consultants are career coaches who assist individuals with their __________.

impression management

What term is used to describe the idea that people try to control what others think about them?

impression management

The social construction of reality is based on __________.

interactions with others

A sociologist analyzing the interactions among individuals during their everyday lives is using what level of analysis?

microsociology

As societies increase in size, they __________.

move from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity

According to dramaturgy, when you are alone, you are __________.

on a back stage

Bernard is a sociologist focusing on macrosociology. What is he most likely to analyze?

parolees and where they fall within the U.S. social class system

Organic solidarity places greater importance on __________ than does mechanical solidarity.

performing similiar tasks

By examining only the macrosociology of a group, __________ would be missed from the analysis, providing an incomplete picture of social life.

personal interactions

North Americans tend to expect more __________ than South Americans during face-to-face conversations.

personal space

Which of the following is a functional requisite of each society?

preserving order

According to the functionalist perspective, which of the following is a functional requisite that a society must meet in order to survive?

producing and distributing goods and services

Which of the following is an example of a value that is transmitted through the social institution of the economy?

producing efficently

Even if two groups of teenagers engage in similar delinquent behaviors, their __________ will greatly affect their futures.

reputations

Occasionally, what is expected of us in one status (our role) is incompatible with what is expected of us in another status. This problem is known as __________.

role conflict

__________ are the behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to a status.

roles

In order to remain in a group, people must do what?

show that they agree to share the group's values and interests

To communicate information about the self, we use three types of __________: the social setting, our appearance, and our manner.

sign-vehicles

__________ divides people according to income, education, and occupation.

social class

Conflict theorists believe the primary purpose of __________ is to preserve the social order.

social institutions

Macrosociology focuses on broad features of society while microsociology focuses on __________.

social interaction

Whispering while in a library is an example of __________ influencing your behavior.

social structure

Sociologists use the term __________ to refer to all the statuses or positions that you occupy.

status set

A wedding ring or a uniform is an example of a __________.

status symbol

Assumptions about a person based on their physical characteristics are usually a product of __________.

stereotypes

Regardless of our feelings at any particular moment, social __________ guides our actions and behaviors.

structure

When Sam is at a family gathering, he always laughs at his father's jokes, even when they aren't funny. This is an example of __________.

teamwork

Sarah has never seen germs, but she is concerned about them. She will not eat any food that has fallen on the floor, even in her mother's home, which is spotless. Which of the following best explains this situation?

the Thomas theorem

The author of your text writes that it is not the reality of a thing that impresses itself on us, but society that impresses the reality of that thing on us. This perspective is known as __________.

the definition of the situation (also known as the Thomas theorem)

In a situation involving a self-fulfilling stereotype, we would expect which of the following?

the stereotype to produce behaviors that match the stereotype