Soc quiz 15

True or false: In the context of professional and technical work, more preschool children are in publicly financed child care in the United States than in Canada and most European countries. True false question. True False

True Reason: This is false. Despite the number of parents who are working long hours, fewer preschool children are in publicly financed child care in the United States than in Canada and most European countries. So although more parents work long hours in the United States, public support for child care is relatively low.

In 1993, Congress passed the Family and Medical Leave Act, which required companies with 50 or more employees to provide _____ for birth, adoption, foster care, or personal or family illness. Multiple choice question. 12 weeks of unpaid leave 6 weeks of unpaid leave 12 weeks of paid leave 6 weeks of paid leave

12 weeks of unpaid leave

Identify a true statement about the movement of married women into the labor force. Multiple choice question. It has resulted in more men preferring to stay at home to tend to household work. It has affected the balance of power between women and men. It has been instrumental in the shift from men-headed household to women-headed household. It has increased the number of children per household.

It has affected the balance of power between women and men.

Identify a true statement about the current trend in care work at home. Multiple choice question. Women spend less time on domestic work than men. Women spend less time on child care than men. A substantial convergence has occurred in the attitudes and expectations of women and men about domestic work. It is observed that the amount of time women spend on domestic and child care work has increased over the decade.

A substantial convergence has occurred in the attitudes and expectations of women and men about domestic work.

How do parents working in nonstandard work hours take care of children? Multiple choice question. Husbands work, while wives tend to be stay-at-home moms. Both husbands and wives quit work to take care of the family. Wives work, while husbands stay at home to take care of housework. Both husbands and wives try to work in different shifts.

Both husbands and wives try to work in different shifts.

Identify true statements about the principles of the care work movement. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. 1.Wives should be paid by their husbands for the care work they do at home. 2.Caregivers such as child care workers and nursing home aides must receive higher pay and greater respect. 3.The separation between caregiving by wives in families and caregiving at work by care workers should be abolished. 4.An ethic of care would temper autonomy with interdependence, to augment personal responsibility with care for others. 5.People who perform paid work that does not involve care should be paid more than people who do paid care work. 6.Caring labor should be viewed not just as useful to the family but also as a publicly useful service.

Caring labor should be viewed not just as useful to the family but also as a publicly useful service. An ethic of care would temper autonomy with interdependence, to augment personal responsibility with care for others. The separation between caregiving by wives in families and caregiving at work by care workers should be abolished. Caregivers such as child care workers and nursing home aides must receive higher pay and greater respect.

Married mothers

Choice, They tend to spend leisure time in social activities. They tend to spend leisure time in social activities.

Identify the factors that contributed to the increase in married women's labor force participation. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Decrease in household work Decline in wages of men without college educations Increase in service sector jobs High birthrate High divorce rate Rising wages of women in the labor force

Decline in wages of men without college educations Increase in service sector jobs High divorce rate Rising wages of women in the labor force

In the context of professional and technical work, identify a true statement about Americans compared to people in Canada and most European countries, including the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. Multiple choice question. Public support for child care in the United States is higher than in most of these countries. More preschool children are in publicly financed child care in the United States than in most of these countries. American women work less hours than do women in most of the other countries. Dual-earner couples in the United States work a higher number of total hours than do couples in these countries.

Dual-earner couples in the United States work a higher number of total hours than do couples in these countries.

Identify a statement that reflects the current situation of married women's labor force participation. Multiple choice question. Dual-earner families are an exception. Married women's employment is steadily declining. It is becoming common for wives to out-earn their husbands. Wives are the main earners in a majority of married-couple households.

It is becoming common for wives to out-earn their husbands.

_______s a policy that allows employees to choose, within limits, when they will begin and end their working hours.

Flextime

Identify a true statement about task size. Multiple choice question. It does not affect family life. It is related to the scope of the demands of the job. It is mainly a problem for less-educated people. It decreases mental stress.

It is related to the scope of the demands of the job.

Which of the following statements is true about the policy of flextime? Multiple choice question. It allows employees to avoid stressful conflicts between childcare and job demands. It increases the amount of time parents spend with their children. It decreases the productivity of employees. It increases the emotional stress level of employees.

It allows employees to avoid stressful conflicts between childcare and job demands.

Identify the advantages of creating a family-responsive workplace. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. It decreases stress in employees. It increases the turnover rate of employees. It increases the conflict between the demands of work and family. It increases the productivity of the employee.

It decreases stress in employees. It increases the productivity of the employee.

Which of the following is a limitation of telecommuting? Multiple choice question. Anxieties of the workplace are less likely to invade the home. It is difficult for people to leave work behind. People who telecommute are not considered for promotion. There is no work-to-family interference.

It is difficult for people to leave work behind.

According to Joan Williams, which of the following is true about the culture of a workplace? Multiple choice question. It is developed with the aim of helping women take care of home and family. It is designed to help men take advantage of flexible schedules or caregiver leaves. It is based on the belief that women should be allowed to work. It is shaped by the masculine norms of the mid-twentieth century.

It is shaped by the masculine norms of the mid-twentieth century.

True or false: Fathers in dual-earner families adjust their time allocation for housework to the amount of time their wives work.

Reason: This is false. It is wives, not husbands, who tend to make most of the adjustments. The more money wives make, the more families spend on substitutes for housework (restaurant meals) or child care (day care centers).

True or false: Studies of different-sex partnerships show that single and cohabiting mothers tend to do less housework, have more leisure time, and sleep more than married mothers.

Reason: This is true. Cohabiting mothers might do more housework than married mothers because their partners might not be as committed as are married partners. But studies of different-sex partnerships show surprisingly that single and cohabiting mothers tend to do less housework, have more leisure time, and sleep more than married mothers (Passias, Sayer, & Pepin, 2017; Pepin, Sayer, & Casper, 2018).

Identify a true statement about the change in the trend of family members' work over the decades. Multiple choice question. Married men are increasingly preferring to stay at home as their wives earn enough to run the family. Men have always participated equally in housework and child care. Women have always worked outside the home helping their spouses. The percentage of married women who work outside the home peaked during the late-twentieth century.

The percentage of married women who work outside the home peaked during the late-twentieth century.

Identify the true statements about less-educated workers in the United States. (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Their problems include not only getting enough hours of work but also controlling the times that they get. They tend to receive weekly salaries that remain the same no matter how many hours they work. They tend to receive hourly wages. They rarely face normal unpredictability.

Their problems include not only getting enough hours of work but also controlling the times that they get. They tend to receive hourly wages.

Single mothers

They tend to spend leisure time alone in passive activities, notably watching television.

Which of the following statements are true about the current situation in the division of labor between husbands and wives? (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. Women's and men's earnings are seen as fully equivalent. Wives who work part-time do more childcare and housework than wives who work full-time. Fathers tend to work longer hours for pay and devote less time to childcare and housework. There is a 40/60 split of child care and housework among husbands and wives. Wives have more time for leisure compared to husbands.

Wives who work part-time do more childcare and housework than wives who work full-time. Fathers tend to work longer hours for pay and devote less time to childcare and housework. There is a 40/60 split of child care and housework among husbands and wives.

The rise in married women's employment has made _____ the rule. Multiple choice question. dual-earner married couples husbands as the sole-earners single-earner married couples wives as the homemakers

dual-earner married couples

Time-diary studies show that husbands with employed wives _____. Multiple choice question. spend less time alone with their children than men with non-employed wives increase the amount of time they spend with their children are less involved in the physical caregiving of their children than men with non-employed wives take more responsibility for routine care of their children

take more responsibility for routine care of their children

A(n) _____ workplace is a work setting in which job conditions are designed to allow employees to meet their family responsibilities more easily.

family responsive

A limitation of couples working different shifts is that they tend to _____. Multiple choice question. earn more money than they need spend little or no time with the children have little time for each other, which affects their relationship spend longer hours at work than required by their job

have little time for each other, which affects their relationship

Government statistical agencies consider the_______to be all people who are either working outside the home or looking for such work.

labor force

The pervasiveness of unpredictability in job hours and schedules that makes it difficult for workers to control time is known as _________, which is so common among less-educated workers in the United States.

normal unpredictability

Time off from work to care for a child with a guarantee that an employee can have her or his job back when she or he returns is referred to as________

parental leave

The change brought by the movement of married women into the labor force has been less pronounced for women from _____ backgrounds who have always had a greater need to work. Multiple choice question. poor rich prosperous affluent

poor

The _____ sector consists of workers who provide personal services such as education, health care, communication, restaurant meals, legal representation, entertainment, and so forth.

service

_________is the transfer of mood or behavior between work and home.

spillover

Doing work from home using electronic communication is called _____. Multiple choice question. professional communication strategic communication commuting telecommuting

telecommuting

The use of family-friendly policies by workers depends on _____. Multiple choice question. the culture of the workplace the availability of child-care facilities the family structure of the workers the annual income of the workers

the culture of the workplace

Social exchange theory predicts that if wives' earnings increase relative to their husbands' earnings, _____. Multiple choice question. their household power should increase they should spend more time doing domestic work they should become more dependent on their husbands their child care responsibilities should increase

their household power should increase

Surveys in which people are asked to keep a record of what they were doing every minute during a time period are known as

time-diary studies