SOC test 1

A young White man named Todd marries his long-time Black girlfriend Ayodele. What are they practicing?

Heterogamy

Which of the following is true about social class and parenting?

Parents usually guide their children to value the traits that will prepare them to stay at the same social class level

True or false : The percentage of teens having sex has increased in recent decades.

False

True or false: In general, throughout history and across cultures, parents have usually favored having female children over having male children.

False

Families are groups of related people, bound by _________________.

Biological, legal and emotional connections

What is an example of a way in which an elementary school teacher might engage in gender socialization in schools?

By reprimanding a girl for playing on the jungle gym because she is wearing a dress

The tendency of people to be in the same social class throughout their lives is called:

Class persistence

True or false: Most social science research supports the argument that elements of the Black family structure today, such as matriarchal households and children raised by extended family members, are inherited from African traditions.

False

True or false: The United States has more social mobility than most other wealthy countries.

False

Some __________ theorists argue that the unpaid work historically done by women (cooking, cleaning, and raising children) helps men while the financial support that employed husbands provide helps women. This system keeps the family in balance.

Consensus or Structural Functionalist

Sexuality can best be described as a:

Fluid identity that can vary

Which of the following concepts is illustrated by parents purchasing mostly pink items for their daughters?

Gender Socialization

Sex and gender are different in that:

Gender refers to the social role based on one's categorical sex

John chose a new seat on the opposite side of the room after his classmate came out during a lecture on sexual orientation. This illustrates:

Homophobia

Because the Moynihan Report attributed ongoing racial inequality to characteristics of Black family life, it was criticized for

"Blaming the victim" and contributing to stereotypes

An ethnicity is a group of people with:

A common cultural identification

Which of the following is the sociological definition of family?

A group of related people bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional

A person's sexual identity:

Is assigned to all children at birth

Teen sex is described as being more male-oriented because

Males receive greater social rewards

One difficulty of studying families is identifying whether something causes something else. In many cases, two things may occur together (such as the use of nightlights and nearsightedness), but one may not cause the other. The process by which social scientists establish an association between two phenomena is known as ___________.

Correlation

Parents who work in jobs that require creativity and divergent thinking are more likely to raise their children to value:

Creativity and divergent thinking

Which of the following is an important broad historic trend impacting the character of American family life?

Decline of the two-parent nuclear family

Which of the following has contributed to a modern culture that is more accepting of sexual activity?

Modern birth control

What does economist Joseph Stiglitz mean when he argues that the rise of the 1 percent is self-fulfilling?

Elite individuals increasingly gain control over positions and institutions that shape the rules and make accumulating more wealth possible

In the late twentieth century, cultural changes in the meaning of and motivation for marriage evolved in what way?

Emotional success became central to marriage success

The pervasive element of European and American society in which men controlled all property and had control over women and children is called:

Patriarchy

Which of the following is an example of a family tie formed by legal recognition?

People who are married

The term for the biological category of male and female, based on anatomy and physiology, is:

Sex

The most significant recent change in how the U.S. Census measures race is:

The option to check more than one category

How do the concepts of race and ethnicity differ?

Ethnic identities focus on cultural traits and are sometimes voluntary

What is the difference between facts and theory in the study of the family?

Facts are used to describe contemporary families, whereas theory is used to describe historical changes in family life.

Because the word family means different things to different people, the textbook provides a broad definition of families as groups of people who are bound by the following types of connections, except one. Pick the one that does not apply?

Obligatory

One important modern principle used in almost all data collection about race and ethnicity involves:

Self-identification

The difference between one's class origin and class destination is known as:

Social mobility

Which of the following is true about the HPV vaccine?

Some parents object to the vaccine on the unfounded idea that a sex-related vaccine will encourage sexual activity.

What theoretical perspective revolves around people's ability to enact social roles based on the expectations of others?

Symbolic interaction

People 'do gender' when they enact the social roles that conform to the common expectations for their sex." This statement is most consistent with which perspective on gender?

Symbolic interactionist

When it comes to biological sex differences:

The differences between humans are small when compared with other species

Which of the following supports the idea that the institution of marriage remains very important in U.S. society?

The fight for access to marriage by gays and lesbians

What have studies of class mobility in the U.S. shown?

Today the U.S. has less upward mobility than it did in previous generations

True or false: A cohort is a group of people who experience an event together at the same time.

True

What argument does the author make about this figure?

When parents are given greater freedom to name their children, they choose more diverse names

Classify the following as a cause or an effect of the kind of segregation pictured here, in Milwaukee. a) Social Isolation b) Neighborhood Poverty c) Preferential treatment of White sin mortgage lending d) Redlining

a) Social isolation: Effect b) Neighborhood poverty: Effect c) Preferential treatment of Whites in mortgage lending: Cause d) Redlining: Cause