Social Psychology Exam 3- Short Answers Q's
You fall on a crowded sidewalk that is coated with ice. Feel a sharp pain and hear a cracking sound; you know that you've just broken your leg. Explain in detail how you might overcome the bystander effect to ensure that you receive help?
1. Tell the people around you that you need help 2. Tell the people that it is an emergency and that I am alone 3. Ask one person in particular to help so they feel more responsible 4. Ask them to help by calling 9-1-1, give a ride or ask if they area doctor/nurse 5. Convince the person to implement it
What is group polarization? Make sure to describe the cognitive and motivational factors that contribute to group polarization.
Group polarization is the tendency for groups to make decisions more extreme than the initial inclination of the group. Motivational factor is the want to be a good group member. The cognitive is the new p.o.v that are brought to the group.
What is negotiation? What are integrative solutions? Describe what factors increase the likelihood of finding and agreeing upon an integrative solution?
Negotiation is a form of communication between apposing sides in a conflict in which offers are made and a solution can occur. Integrative solutions is when both parties make trade offs by conceding issues that they do not care about when coming to an agreement. Factors are building trust, communicating clearly and remembering people see situations differently.
What is stereotype threat, why does it arise, and what are common consequences for those experiencing it?
People feel evaluated as a member of a group rather than an individual. The consequence is people feel as if they are stuck in a cycle and cannot get out leading to self fulfilling prophecy.
Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need NOT reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.
People of color in a housing neighborhood drive down the price of housing. Affective is that you feel worried that a Asian family will move in next that door and you will feel really angry if they drive the cost of your house. Behavioral is to then buy the house and then only sell it to white people. Cognitive is to always hold the belief that neighborhoods that have people of color have lower cost housing.
Social facilitation and social loafing are two very different phenomena that occur in the presence of other people. Outline the conditions of when each can occur, and what determines whether performance is enhanced or diminished?
Social facilitation is when a person can be evaluated in the presence of others and they do better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks. Social loafing is when an individual cannot be evaluated in the presence of others and they do better on complex tasks and worse on simple tasks
What is the propinquity effect, and what are the psychological mechanisms underlying this effect?
The more we see and interact with another, the more likley they are to become our friend. Mechanisms are functional distance and mere exposure effect.
Tammy and Taylor have an equitable relationship. Describe what that would be like, and explain what would be some likely consequences if relationship inequities develop.
When the rewards and costs of a relationship are equal. If there were inequalities then it can lead to uneasiness and a feeling to make it equitable.
Describe in detail the Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis and then provide a clear example of it in action.
When we feel empathy for a person we will attempt to help that person purely for altruistic reasons, regardless of what we have to gain. An example is seeing a person move out of their apartment alone and you remember what is was like when you did that so you help that person.