Social Studies
What Civil Right organization did W.E.B DuBois help create?
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People or (NAACP)
How did a poll tax keep African Americans from voting?
The Africans-Americans were poor so were poor whites. They then couldn't vote because they don't have the money to pay the tax.
What was the outcome of the Plessy v. Ferguson court case?
The Supreme Court ruled 7 to 1 against Plessy citing Separate but Equal. (Plessy was also found guilty).
Why did Homer Plessy want to be arrested?
He trying to prove the legality of the law requiring African Americans to sit in different train cars than the whites.
Who was Homer Plessy?
He was 7/8s white and 1/8 black. He sat in a "whites only" car on the train. He was arrested when he refused to move when asked.
What ended up happening to Leo Frank?
He was taken from jail and lynched by a mob
How was Herndon involved in the Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company?
Herndon purchased a failing Mutual aid association and turned it into the Atlanta Mutual insurance Association (AMIA).
Why did Governor Salton change Frank's sentence?
He thought that more time might lead to more evidence and a new trial.
On average, how successful are entrepreneurs?
10% - 40%
On average, how UNsuccessful are entrepreneurs?
60% - 90%
Who was Leo Frank?
A Jewish man that was accused of Mary Phagan's murder.
Who was Alonzo Herndon?
A born slave that become a business owner who was also a civil rights advocate.
What was the poll tax?
A fee that a voter had to pay in order to vote.
What was the grandfather clause?
A program to give poor whites the vote regardless of ability to pay poll tax, own property or be able to read.
What was the literacy test?
A test where person had to prove he could read and write in order to vote.
How did the literacy test disenfranchise Africans-Americans?
African Americans and poor whites were illiterate. (Which means they couldn't write or read much).
What famous speech did Booker T. Washington give?
Atlanta Compromise.
What profession did Herndon have?
Barber. (Owned a Barbershop).
Why was the Democratic Primary more important than the general election?
Because not allowing African-Americans to vote in the Democratic Primary, it limited their influence who would win because a Republican had no chance of winning in a general election.
Why did African Americans losing the right to vote influence state politics and ultimately southern society?
Because of the inequalities of the Jim Crow system were only going to grow.
Why was Homer Plessy arrest?
He refused to move when asked out of the train. (Because he was sitting in the white cart).
Where did DuBois believe that African-Americans should fight for equality?
Courts.
Most prominent Civil Rights leaders followed whose advice?
DuBois and the NAACP.
What was the final event that caused the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot?
False reports were printed in a newspaper of an attack on a white women by a black men.
Who was Morris Rich?
Founder of Rich's Department store in Atlanta.
Who was Asa Candler?
Founder of the Coca-Cola company. He did not invent the drink but created the business.
What was the outcome of Leo Frank's trial?
Frank was transferred to the state prison in Milledgeville.
Who changed Frank's sentence?
Governor Slaton
What ended the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot?
It only ended because of martial law was established (the military was brought in to take control).
Who lynched Leo Frank?
Knights of Mary Phagan or (members of the KKK & Mary's family).
Who was W.E.B. DuBois?
Professor at Atlanta University where he opposed Booker T. Washington's idea.
Why was the grandfather clause passed
So it could help the poor whites vote in Democratic Primary too.
What did Washington believe would happen after African Americans raised their economic status?
Social and political equality.
What did W.E.B DuBois mean by the, "Talented Tenth?"
Social and political integration as well as higher education for 10% of African Americans. Believed this group would become leaders for all other African Americans.
What is meant by, "Separate but Equal?"
States could separate the races as long as they also provided equal facilities
What did Washington say whites and blacks should agree to do?
To benefit from each other.
What were the results of the 1906 Atlanta Race Riot?
▪ 18 African Americans and 3 whites were killed. ▪ 100s more were injured.
What benefits do successful entrepreneurs experience?
▪ Being your own boss. ▪ You choose the focus of your business. ▪ Receiving most of the profits that a business earns.
Explain Alonzo Herndon's ties to both Washington and DuBois.
▪ He was a founding member of the National Negro Business League that was started by Washington. ▪ He was also a founding member of the Niagara Movement with DuBois.
What factors contribute this low success rate?
▪ Lack of experience operating a business. ▪ Lack of capital (money). ▪ Too much competition. ▪ Lack of customers. ▪ Failure to innovate. ▪ Bad hiring decisions.
What is the significance of the Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company?
▪ Largest African American-owned business in the United States. ▪ Net worth of over $200 million and operates in 17 states.
Why were tensions rising in September 1906?
▪ Tom Watson and other politicians were spreading racial fears. ▪ Campaign promises made by candidates for Governor to disenfranchise African- American voters. ▪ Job competition between poor whites and blacks was increasing. ▪ The African American upper class was getting more powerful.
