socio exam 2

Name the group whose ancestors did not come here by choice. a. African Americans b. Irish Americans c. Japanese Americans

African American

Another anti-foreigner action was the ________ internment camps of World War II, which would be a good illustration of expulsion. a. Korean b. Chinese c. Japanese

Japanese

The Seneca Falls Convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York in ________ It was the first women's rights convention which advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman" a. 1848 b. 1948 c. 1880

a. 1848

Getting a parking ticket would be considered a/an a. negative sanction b. positive sanction c. informal sanction

a. negative sanction

Punishments for violating norms are called a. negative sanctions. b. positive sanctions. c. formal sanctions.

a. negative sanctions.

refers to the ability to change positions within a social stratification system. a. social security b. Social mobility c.Social endeavors

b. Social mobility

The eradication of Native American culture continued until the 1960s, when Native Americans a. were further subjugated and prevented from gaining any power. b. were able to participate in and benefit from the civil rights movement. c. were focused on "civilizing" Native American children and assimilating them into white society.

b. were able to participate in and benefit from the civil rights movement.

Gender is the term that sociologists use in reference to a. an reductionist concept. b. a biological concept. c. a social concept.

c. a social concept.

is a type of conflict theory that examines inequalities in gender-related issues. It uses the conflict approach to examine the maintenance of gender roles and inequalities. a. Feminist theory b. Interactionist theory c. Functionalist

a. Feminist theory

Which theory focuses on everyday interactions to explain people's social standing in society? a. Interactionist theory b. Functionalist theory c. Conflict theory

a. Interactionist theory

Myers (2007) states that the cultural assimilation of ________ is "almost complete, but with remnants of ethnicity." The presence of enclave neighborhoods, originally segregated slums dating from the nineteenth century continue to exist today. a. Italian Americans b. Irish Americans c. German Americans

a. Italian Americans

Historically, the most recent large-scale Asian immigration has come from ________ and ________. a. Korea: Vietnam b. Japan; China c. China; Korea

a. Korea: Vietnam

According to ________, unequal status in society determines whether or not a person deviates or conforms to social norms. a. Robert Merton b. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay c. Émile Durkheim

a. Robert Merton

The term "race" is a. a social fiction. b. a true reality. c.an expectation.

a. a social fiction.

The term deviance can be defined as a. a violation of established social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law. b. social reward for the violation of norms. c. the regulation and enforcement of norms.

a. a violation of established social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Not all transgender individuals choose to alter their bodies. Many will maintain their original anatomy but may present themselves to society as another gender a. by adopting the dress, hairstyle, mannerisms, or other characteristic typically assigned to another gender b. and can assume some masculine roles without interfering with their gender identity c. through medical interventions such as surgery and hormonal therapy

a. by adopting the dress, hairstyle, mannerisms, or other characteristic typically assigned to another gender

Violent crimes are a. crimes against a person. b. crimes without a victim. c. crimes against property.

a. crimes against a person.

The National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) and the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) a. do not account for all crime in the United States. b. extensively cover all crime in the United States. c. both provide a comprehensive view of all crime in the United States.

a. do not account for all crime in the United States.

Corporate crimes include a. embezzlement, insider trading, and identity theft. b. rape, murder, and armed robbery. c. the destruction or theft of property.

a. embezzlement, insider trading, and identity theft.

men and women may have very different experiences of discovering and accepting their sexual orientation. a. Heterosexual b. Heteronormative c. Homosexual

a. heterosexual

The National Crime Victimization Report (NCVR) reports a ________ rate of crime than the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), because of crimes never reported to the police. a. higher b. lower c. equal

a. higher

Transgender is not the same as a. homosexual b. heterosexual c. transgender

a. homosexual

The way that a society sorts people into rankings based on measures of factors such as wealth, income, race, education, gender, power, etc., is called a. social stratification. b. socialization. c. social circulation.

a. social stratification.

The phrase "boys will be boys" is often used to justify behavior such as pushing, shoving, or other forms of aggression from young boys. The phrase implies that such behavior is a. unchangeable and natural. b. an erroneous stereotype. c. .a generalized response.

a. unchangeable and natural.

Which woman was believed to have "heaved a brick through the rose-colored picture window of the American bungalow" by writing her book for the second wave of the women's movement? a. Gloria Steinem b. Betty Friedan c. Sara Evans

b. Betty Friedan

The construction of the Transcontinental Railroad was underway in the 1800s, and the Central Pacific section hired thousands of migrant ________ men to complete the laying of rails across the rugged Sierra Nevada mountain range. a. Korean b. Chinese c. Japanese

b. Chinese

Which group has the authority to make decisions based on law? a. Police b. Courts c. Corrections

b. Courts

Although ________ Americans have deep, long-reaching roots in the United States, their history here has not always been smooth. The California Alien Land Law of 1913 was aimed at them and other Asian immigrants, and it prohibited aliens from owning land. a. Koreans b. Japanese c. Vietnamese

b. Japanese

Which social interactionist theory looks less at the deviant behavior and more at society's response to those who commit deviance? a. Differential association theory b. Labeling theory c. Control theory

b. Labeling theory

especially those who are here illegally, are at the center of a national debate about immigration. Myers (2007) observes that no other minority group (except the Chinese) has immigrated to the United States in such an environment of illegality. a. Puerto Ricans b. Mexican Americans c. Cuban Americans

b. Mexican Americans

Which of these terms represents the ideal of the United States as a "salad bowl" where a mixture of different cultures is accepted and tolerated with each culture retaining its own identity and being valued equally with mutual respect on the part of all cultures, both dominant and subordinate? a. Genocide b. Pluralism c. Expulsion

b. Pluralism

________ aims to understand human behavior by analyzing the critical role of symbols in human interaction. a. Structural functionalism b. Symbolic interaction theory c. Social conflict theory

b. Symbolic interaction theory

According to ________, global inequality is caused by dominant, core nations whose main goal is to exploit semi-peripheral and peripheral nations, creating a cycle of perpetual reliance. a. standpoint theory b. dependency theory c. modernization theory

b. dependency theory

A stereotype is an oversimplified generalization that a. is mostly innocuous. b. doesn't take individual differences into account. c. considers people separately.

b. doesn't take individual differences into account.

The social construction of race is reflected a. in a numerical minority where there are simply fewer members of the subordinate group than there are of the dominant group. b. in the way names for racial categories change with changing times and include only certain people. c. has been scientifically verified across the years.

b. in the way names for racial categories change with changing times and include only certain people.

In ________ societies, men's contributions are seen as more valuable than those of women. Such perspectives and arrangements are widespread and taken for granted. a. privatized b. patriarchal c. labor intensive

b. patriarchal

The Interactionist theory depends on face-to-face interactions, usually with people who share their same income level, educational background, or racial/ethnic background because a. social stratification is necessary to promote excellence b. symbols of stratification help to reflect our identity with certain groups. c. stratification creates class conflict.

b. symbols of stratification help to reflect our identity with certain groups.

Social deviants hold our society together through social cohesion and a. by an inherent integration of a functioning society, though which socially acceptable goals play a part b. by publicly defining what is not acceptable, the deviant response to their moral offense, which holds societies together c. by having a socially accepted goal and having no socially accepted way to pursue it

c is wrong

________ immigration came to an abrupt end with the Exclusion Act of 1882. This act was a result of anti-immigrant sentiment due to a depressed economy and loss of jobs. White workers blamed these migrants for taking their jobs. Because these men did not have the funds to return to their homeland, or to bring their families to the United States, they remained physically and culturally segregated in areas of large cities. a. Korean b. Japanese c. Chinese

c. Chinese

Which of the following theories would suggest that racial and ethnic inequalities must have served an important purpose in order to exist as long as they have? a. Interactionist b. Social conflict c. Functionalism

c. Functionalism

Among Western cultures, attitudes can differ. According to a research survey across 24 countries, 89 percent of ________ responded that there is nothing wrong with premarital sex, while only 42 percent of ________ responded similarly. a. Filipinos; Irish b. Russians; Spaniards c. Swedes; Irish

c. Swedes; Irish

According to the American Psychological Association, there is no scientific consensus why a person holds a heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual orientation. Research has been conducted to study the possible genetic, hormonal, developmental, social, and cultural influences on sexual orientation, a. but evidence indicates that the causes are mostly genetic and hormonal. b. but evidence indicates that the causes are mostly developmental and social. c. but there has been no evidence that links sexual orientation to one factor.

c. but there has been no evidence that links sexual orientation to one factor.

Laws against ________ attempt to respond to problems with people's ________. a. colorism; racial steering b. stereotypes; white privilege c. discrimination; prejudice

c. discrimination; prejudice

Which of these terms refers to the situation when a subordinate group is forced by a dominant group to permanently leave a certain area or country? a. amalgamation b. segregation c. expulsion

c. expulsion

As a result of ________, women's viewpoints tend to be silenced or marginalized to the point of being discredited or considered invalid. a. avuncularity b. matriarchy c. patriarchy

c. patriarchy

Since the term ________ refers to biological or physical distinctions, these characteristics will not vary significantly between different human societies. a. gender b. deviance c. sex

c. sex

The focus of ________ theory would be on the inequalities of gender, social class, education, race, and ethnicity. a. interactionist b. functionalist c. social conflict

c. social conflict

Functionalist theory is best defined as a. symbols of stratification help to reflect our identity with certain groups b. social stratification creates class conflict. c. social stratification is necessary to promote excellence, productivity, and efficiency, thus giving people something to strive for.

c. social stratification is necessary to promote excellence, productivity, and efficiency, thus giving people something to strive for.

Nonviolent crimes include a. embezzlement, insider trading, and identity theft. b. rape, murder, and armed robbery. c. the destruction or theft of property.

c. the destruction or theft of property.

According to ________, when deviance is punished in society, it confirms social norms, providing social cohesion. a. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay b. Robert Merton c. Émile Durkheim

c. Émile Durkheim