Sociology 101 Chapter 4-6
Which of the following is not an example of an in-group?
A high school
Which is not an example of a normative organization?
A study hall
Which of the following best depicts Marx's concept of alienation from the process of one's labor?
A supermarket cashier always scans store coupons before company coupons because she was taught to do it that way
A parent who is worried over her teenager's dangerous and self-destructive behavior and low self-esteem may wish to look at her child's:
All of the above
How do schools prepare children to one day enter the workforce?
All of the above
In Asch's study on conformity, what contributed to the ability of subjects to resist conforming?
All of the above
What are the some of the intended positive aspects of bureaucracies?
All of the above
What is one way to distinguish between psychology and sociology?
All of the above
Which of the following is not a way people are socialized by religion?
An individuals personal internal experience of a divine being leads to their faith
Which type of group leadership has a communication pattern that flows from the top down?
Authoritarian
Why do people join utilitarian organizations?
Because they receive a tangible benefit from joining
From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person's socialization?
Blood type
Which of the following is not a characteristic of bureaucracies?
Coercion to join
Which of the following is typically the earliest agent of socialization?
Family
Emile Durkheim's ideas about society can be best described as _____
Functionalist
The Protestant work ethic is based on the concept of predestination, which states that _______
God has already chosen those who will be saved and those who will be damned
According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, society is based on ________.
Habitual Actions
Which of the following societies were the first to have permanent residents
Horticultural
Socialization, as a sociological term, describes:
How people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values
What does a Functionalist consider when studying a phenomenon like the Occupy Wall Street movement?
How the movement contributes to the stability of society by offering the discontented a safe, controlled outlet for dissension
Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies?
Industrial
Which of the following is not an age-related transition point when Americans must be socialized to new roles?
Infancy
Which of these is an example of a total institution?
Jail
Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?
Learning to read and write
The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers?
Max Weber
What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg's conventional level?
Mortality is developed by pain and pressure
What is a group whose values, norms, and beliefs come to serve as a standard for one's own behavior?
Reference group
Mary works full-time at an office downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor's house. She's just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities?
Role Strain
How did nearly complete isolation as a child affect Danielle's verbal abilities?
She could not communicate at all
The Harlow's study on rhesus monkeys showed that:
Social comfort is more important than food
Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society?
Software engineer
Which of the following fictional societies is an example of a pastoral society?
The Hunti, a wandering group of nomads who specialize in breeding and training horses
Who is more likely to be an expressive leader?
The director of a summer camp for chronically ill children
What is the largest difference between the Functionalist and Conflict perspectives and the Interactionist perspective?
The first two perspectives address large-scale issues facing groups, while the last examines more detailed aspects
Paco knows that women find him attractive, and he's never found it hard to get a date. But as he ages, he dyes his hair to hide the gray and wears clothes that camouflage the weight he has put on. Paco's behavior can be best explained by the concept of ___________.
The looking-glass self
What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers into morality had overlooked?
The perspective of females
Why do sociologists need to be careful when drawing conclusions from twin studies?
The sample sizes are often small
What is a disadvantage of the McDonaldization of society?
There is less variety of goods.
What is an advantage of the McDonaldization of society?
There is more worldwide availability of goods
Which of the following is true regarding U.S. socialization of recent high school graduates?
They are expected to enter college, trade school, or the workforce shortly after graduation
What role do secondary groups play in society?
They are transactional, task-based, and short-term, filling practical needs.
Why are wealthy parents more likely than poor parents to socialize their children toward creativity and problem solving?
Wealthy parents are socializing their children toward the skills of white-collar employment
According to Marx, the _____ own the means of production in a society
bourgeoisie
Two people who have just had a baby have turned from a _______ to a _________.
dyad; triad
When a high school student gets teased by her basketball team for receiving an academic award, she is dealing with competing ______________.
reference groups
Chris Langan's story illustrates that:
socialization can be more important than intelligence
Which of the following is not an appropriate group for democratic leadership?
A fire station