Sociology - 101

Same-sex couple households account for ________ percent of U.S. households.

15

To study the effects of fast food on lifestyle, health, and culture, from which group would a researcher ethically be unable to accept funding?

A fast-food restaurant

Which of the following is not an appropriate group for democratic leadership

A fire station

According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following people is most likely to be a member of the power elite?

A senator

According to national surveys, most U.S. parents support which type of sex education program in school?

Abstinence plus sexual safety

How do schools prepare children to one day enter the workforce?

All of the above (With a standardized curriculum, Through the hidden curriculum, By socializing them in teamwork)

A parent who is worrying over her teenager's dangerous and self-destructive behavior and low self-esteem may wish to look at her child's:

All of the above (reference group, in-group, out-group)

Which statement provides the best operational definition of "childhood obesity"?

Body weight at least 20 percent higher than a healthy weight for a child of that height

Which materials are considered secondary data?

Books and articles written by other authors about their studies

Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society?

Conflict theory

Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies?

Industrial

What is the one defining feature of a minority group?

Lack of power

The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers?

Max Weber

What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church?

Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist

Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society:

Regulates behavior

Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society?

Software engineer

Which of the following best describes sociology as a subject?

The study of society and social interaction

A nation's flag is:

a symbol

From a sociological perspective, which factor does not greatly influence a person's socialization?

blood type

Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled:

chattel slavery

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:

core nations exploit peripheral nations

Thanatology is the study of ________.

death and dying

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a:

dependency theorist

Two people who have just had a baby have turned from a ________ to a ________.

dyad; triad

Today in the United States the poverty rate of the elderly is ________.

increasing

Which of the following is not an age-related transition point when Americans must be socialized to new roles?

infancy

A cultural universal is something that:

is found in all cultures

In the United States, most people define themselves as:

middle class

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using ________ theory to study the global economy.

modernization theory

Occupational prestige means that jobs are:

not equally valued

A woman being married to two men would be an example of:

polyandry

Social stratification is a system that:

ranks society members into categories

Societies practice social control to maintain ________.

social order

Weber believed humans could not be studied purely objectively because they were influenced by:

their culture

The majority of U.S. children live in:

two-parent households

The difference between positivism and anti-positivism relates to:

whether sociological studies can predict or improve society

As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of

white privilege

What are some of the intended positive aspects of bureaucracies?

All of the above (Increased productivity, Increased efficiency, Equal treatment for all)

What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg's conventional level?

Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral

In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced?

China

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?

Class

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bureaucracies?

Coercion to join

What is the primary driver of modernization theory?

Conflict

The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?

Counterculture

To which theoretical perspective does the following statement most likely apply: Women continue to assume the responsibility in the household along with a paid occupation because it keeps the household running smoothly, i.e., at a state of balance?

Functionalism

Which theoretical perspective stresses the importance of regulating sexual behavior to ensure marital cohesion and family stability?

Functionalism

Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance?

Genocide

During the civil rights movement, Rosa Parks and other black protestors spoke out against segregation by refusing to sit at the back of the bus. This is an example of ________.

Informal negative sanctions

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?

It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages

Which best describes the results of a case study?

Its results are not generally applicable

Which founder of sociology believed societies changed due to class struggle?

Karl Marx

________ deviance is a violation of norms that result in a person being labeled a deviant.

Primary; does not

Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, ____________ studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being?

Symbolic interactionism

Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States?

a and b only (For a better life & To escape oppression)

Stereotypes can be based on:

all of the above (Race, ethnicity, gender)

According to Marx, the ________ own the means of production in a society.

bourgeoisie

The terms ________ and ________ are often used interchangeably, but have nuances that differentiate them.

culture and society

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were ________ higher -level job positions.

denied the opportunity to obtain

An older man retires from his job, stops golfing, and cancels his newspaper subscription. After his wife dies, he lives alone, loses touch with his children, and stops seeing old friends. His situation most closely illustrates the ________ theory.

disengagement

The main difference between ethnography and other types of participant observation is:

ethnography focuses on how subjects view themselves in relationships to the community

A ________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.

functional

Emile Durkheim's ideas about society can best described as .

functionalist

Socialization, as a sociological term, describes:

how people learn societal norms, beliefs, and values

Wright Mills once said that sociologists need to develop a sociological ________________ to study how society affects individuals.

imagination

Research indicates that individuals are aware of their sexual orientation ________.

in early adolescence

The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform known as a way to encourage social conformity.

social control

Current divorce rates are:

steadily declining

What is the approximate median age of the United States?

thirty-seven

A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender and has undergone surgery to alter her body is considered ________.

transsexual

Spousal abuse is an example of a ________.

violent crime