Sociology Ch1 review quiz

Sociology is distinct from other academic disciplines in its attempt to

detect patterns in how different societies respond to similar phenomena.

Using the sociological imagination helps sociologists

develop the ability to see the connections between our own personal experience and the larger forces of history.

Jamar enters a clothing store and a security guard immediately notices him and follows his actions on a security monitor. Jamar is aware of the security guard's actions and adjusts his own behavior to avoid a potential confrontation. This is a contemporary example of which sociological concept developed at the turn of the twentieth century?

double consciousness

What is an example of an application of midrange theory?

exploring the role of churches in maintaining community ties in rural areas

Allison is concerned with the subtle messages that her niece receives from her kindergarten teacher about suitable careers. For example, picture books read in class portray women as nurses and secretaries but the doctors and engineers in the books are male. Allison's concerns reflect what kind of theoretical perspective?

feminist

The early sociological writer, Harriet Martineau, wrote a book in 1838 that examined the institution of marriage and challenged assumptions about women's inferiority. In this respect, Martineau espoused what kind of theoretical position in her sociological writing?

feminist

A theoretical perspective most popular in the mid-twentieth century held that social realities such as the roles that men and women play in heterosexual couples or the existence of inequality could be explained by the necessary purpose they served in society. What was this theoretical perspective?

functionalism

One of the challenges faced by many colleges and universities is binge drinking on campus. Imagine you are tasked with developing solutions to this problem. Thinking sociologically, you suggest that it would be useful to understand the meaning placed on the parties where binge drinking happens, so solutions are based on a deeper understanding of the experience itself. Your approach relies on the methodology of

interpretive sociology

Montrice is conducting a study of the effect of economic recessions on marriage rates in European countries. What type of sociology is this?

macrosociology

Observing and analyzing the conversations patients have with their doctors would be an example of what kind of sociology?

microsociology

Whether Muslim women veil themselves, especially in countries such as the United States and France, is often a controversial topic. Sociological research has found that while some women choose to veil for religious reasons, others may take up the veil because they are motivated to claim their Muslim identity in the face of anti-Muslim sentiment. These different interpretations of the importance of veiling illustrates how meaning is subjective. This emphasis on differences in subjective interpretations, in turn, is characteristic of

postmodernism

Drivers stop at red lights for no other reason than that there is a shared understanding that this is what you're supposed to do at a red light. This shared meaning becomes the basis for how people act and interact with each other on the road and thus takes on the appearance of an objective fact. This is an example of

social construction

A researcher spends time with small organic farmers on their land and at market in order to understand their particular subculture, noting the brands of work clothes they prefer; their conversations about hoop houses, compost, and aquaponics; and the nonverbal greetings they give other drivers on rural roads. This focus reflects which approach to research?

symbolic interactionism

The Chicago School of Sociology emphasized the importance of

the social environment in shaping people's behavior and personality.

What is defined as a complex group of interdependent positions that, together, preform a social role and reproduce themselves over time

A social institution

Sociology emerged in the nineteenth century, with the idea of a secular morality from what thinker?

Auguste Comte

Which sociologist of the twentieth century introduced the concept of the sociological imagination

C. Wright Mills

The contemporary social movement with the slogan "Fight for 15" seeks a $15 minimum wage and unionization. This attempt to mobilize and make gains for workers can be viewed as in line with the view of the social world of which classical sociological theorist?

Karl Marx

Getting ready to go out on a first date with someone she first contacted through a dating app, Jada tries on a dress and stilettos. Then, remembering that the person mentioned liking sporty women, Jada reconsidered and changed into shorts and a tank top. Jada's wardrobe change illustrates what social theory?

Looking-glass self

Rather than complaining about "kids these days," 52-year-old Professor Cathy Small enrolled as an undergraduate at a large university in an attempt to better understand the college experience of her students. She published her findings in the book, My Freshman Year (under the pen name of Rebekah Nathan). This research is in line with the methodology developed by which of the following early sociologists?

Max Weber

What is an example of using one's sociological imagination

Understanding that the divorce of one's parents is part of a larger societal trend toward marriage dissolution

Which American sociologist was the first to undertake ethnography in the African American community?

W.E.B. Dubois

In her interview with Dalton Conley, Julia Adams talks about the differences between sociology and history. As a self-identified historical comparative sociologist, Adams makes the point that sociologists are less concerned with uniqueness than they are with commonalities. Consider Henry the VIII of England during the mid-1500s. Henry's succession of marriages (six wives in all) is often seen as a unique case. Six wives is a lot by the norms of many European societies. A sociologist, however, might well look at it by considering the ways in which Henry's marriages

affected religious life in England then, with ramifications that continue through the present.

"Thinking like a sociologist" means that you

apply analytical tools to the things you've always done without much conscious thought in the past